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Review
of the effects of trans fatty acids, oleic acid, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty
acids, and conjugated linoleic acid on mammary carcinogenesis in animals
Ip C
Department
of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA. cip@sc3101.med.buffalo.edu
I review
the effects of trans fatty acids, oleic acid, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids,
and conjugated linoleic acid on mammary carcinogenesis in animals.
The goal is not to provide an exhaustive survey of all the publications on these
topics; such a Herculean effort has been accomplished by previous reviews, which
are cited in the text.
Instead, the emphasis is on the consistency or lack of consistency of
information regarding each of the above fatty acids, confounding factors that
may help to reconcile discrepancies in the database, a perspective of the
history of the research, and certain unique or exciting opportunities that are
worthy of special attention in evaluations of the relations between specific
fatty acids and cancer.
This review arrives at four conclusions:
1) There is little evidence that trans fatty acids have an adverse effect on
carcinogenesis.
2) The data on cancer protection by oleic acid are not convincing.
An inhibitory effect attributed to an increased intake of oleic acid could be
due to an inadequate supply of linoleic acid.
3) Although a suppressive response to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is
observed in most cases, the availability of linoleic acid is likely to be a
confounding factor in determining the final outcome.
4) Conjugated linoleic acid is unique in the sense that concentrations < or =
1% are sufficient for producing significant cancer protection and that this
effect seems to be independent of the other fatty acids.
PMID:
9394710 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Source:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9394710&dopt=Abstract
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