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Caspase-independent
apoptosis induced by evening primrose extract in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells
Tsutomu
Arimuraª, Akiko Kojima-Yuasaª, Mayu Suzukiª, David Opare Kennedyb
and Isao Matsui-Yuasaª
ªDepartment of Food and Human Health Sciences, Graduated School
of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku,
Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
bDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of
Public Health, Columbia University, 701 W 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Received 19 May 2003; revised 12 June 2003; accepted
17 June 2003. Available online 20 October 2003.
We
previously demonstrated that evening primrose extract (EPE) induced apoptosis in
Ehrlich ascites tumor cells, while mouse embryo fibroblast cells (NIH3T3) used
as a normal cell model, showed no effect of cell viability by treatment of
EPE.
Furthermore, our results demonstrated the rapid increase in intracellular
peroxides levels, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and the release of
cytochrome c to cytosol, suggesting that the rapid increase in
intracellular peroxides levels after addition of EPE triggers off induction of
apoptosis.
In this study, we identified that EPE elicited the translocation of Bax to
mitochondria and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) to nuclei, but no activation of
caspase-3-like protease.
We also demonstrated that the rapid EPE-induced increase in hydrogen peroxide
levels caused the translocation of Bax to mitochondria, and then mitochondrial
cytochrome c was released.
One of the main consequences of mitochondrial cytochrome c release is the
activation of caspase-3.
However, no caspase-3 activation was observed.
On the other hand, AIF was translocated from mitochondria to nuclei.
The EPE-induced translocation of AIF was suppressed with the addition of
catalase, suggesting that the rapid intracellular peroxide levels after addition
of EPE triggers off induction of apoptosis, which is AIF-mediated and
caspase-independent.
Author
Keywords: Evening
primrose extract; Bax; Caspase-independent; Apoptosis-inducing factor;
Apoptosis; Ehrlich ascites tumor cells
Copyright © 2003 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Source: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T54-49CRVR2-2/1/9bf57458a8fd6400a762c622c75680bf
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