|
|
Reevaluation of surgery for the treatment of brain
metastases: review of 208 patients with single or multiple brain metastases
treated at one institution with modern neurosurgical techniques
Paek SH, Audu PB, Sperling MR, Cho J, Andrews DW
Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
Objective. Patients with brain metastases were analyzed retrospectively to
assess the risks and benefits of surgery with modern neurosurgical
techniques, including image guidance coupled as indicated with
corticography.
Methods. We retrospectively analyzed charts of patients
treated surgically for brain metastases.
We identified patients with single
or multiple brain metastases who underwent craniotomies to reverse
associated neurological symptoms or establish a diagnosis.
We assessed
patients according to recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) prognostic
groups as well as functional grades of tumor location (eloquent versus
noneloquent, Grades I-III).
Perioperative complications, neurological
outcomes after surgery, survival, and prognostic factors were analyzed.
Statistical analysis of survival was performed with the Kaplan-Meier method.
A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results. Two
hundred eight patients were treated between March 1995 and December 2002.
Patient age ranged from 31 to 82 years (median, 59 yr).
One lesion was
resected in 191 patients, and of 76 patients with multiple lesions, two or
more metastases were resected in 17 patients.
Tumors were located in
eloquent cortex in 27 patients and near eloquent cortex in 124 patients.
Four patients died within 30 days after surgery for a mortality rate of
1.9%.
Neurological deterioration was noted in 13 patients (6%) after surgery
for Grade I and II tumors and in 5 patients (19%) of 27 patients with Grade
III tumors.
Karnofsky Performance Scale scores were improved (68 patients)
or unchanged (124 patients) in 192 patients and worse in 16 patients after
surgery.
The median survival time (MST) from the date of surgery was 8
months for all patients and 9 months for 163 patients who did not undergo
prior whole-brain radiation therapy.
There was no difference in survival
between patients operated for single metastasis (MST, 8 mo) versus patients
with two or three metastases (MST, 9 mo; P = 0.9364).
By both univariate and
multivariate analysis, variables significantly affecting outcome included a
high Karnofsky Performance Scale score and RPA Class I assignment.
By
univariate analysis, significant treatment variables included postoperative
radiotherapy and postoperative chemotherapy.
The MSTs of RPA Class I, II,
and III patients were 16.1 months, 7.2 months, and 1.4 months, respectively
(P < 0.001, log-rank test).
These survival data compare favorably with
the stereotactic radiosurgery boost arm of the recently published Radiation
Therapy Oncology Group 9508 trial.
Conclusion. In most patients with single
or multiple brain metastases, surgical resection reversed or stabilized
neurological symptoms with therapeutic benefit, conveying a notable survival
advantage without apparent increased risk, particularly in RPA Class I
patients.
In patients with Grade III single metastasis or RPA Class II
multiple metastasis, surgical judgment should be exercised, and stereotactic
radiosurgery boost treatment may be preferable.
An algorithm for treatment
of brain metastases is proposed.
PMID: 15854250 [PubMed - in process]
|
