10.1007/s11060-009-9864-x</TIT= LE> <META content=3D"text/html; charset=3DISO-8859-1" = http-equiv=3DContent-Type><LINK=20 rel=3DstyleSheet type=3Dtext/css=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/config/css/A++_common.css"><LINK=20 rel=3DstyleSheet type=3Dtext/css=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/config/css/content_A++_SpringerLink.c= ss"> <META name=3DGENERATOR content=3D"MSHTML 8.00.6001.18702"></HEAD> <BODY class=3Dfor-print> <TABLE border=3D1 cellPadding=3D2> <TBODY> <TR class=3Dheader> <TD>Journal of Neuro-Oncology</TD></TR> <TR> <TD>=A9 The Author(s) 2009</TD></TR> <TR> <TD>10.1007/s11060-009-9864-x</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE> <H2 class=3Drubric>Clinical Study - Patient Study</H2> <DIV class=3DHeading1><A name=3Dtitle></A>Incidence of first primary = central nervous=20 system tumors in California, 2001=962005 </DIV> Monica Brown1, 2 <A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#ContactOfAuthor1"><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3D"Contact Information"=20 src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/contact.gif">= </A>,=20 Rudolph Schrot3 <A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#ContactOfAuthor2"><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3D"Contact Information"=20 src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/contact.gif">= </A>,=20 Katrina Bauer1 <A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#ContactOfAuthor3"><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3D"Contact Information"=20 src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/contact.gif">= </A>=20 and Deanna LeTendre1 <A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#ContactOfAuthor4"><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3D"Contact Information"=20 src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/contact.gif">= </A> <TABLE> <TBODY> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD><A = name=3DAff1></A>(1) </TD> <TD>Public Health Institute/California = Department=20 of Public Health, Chronic Disease Surveillance and Research = Branch, 1825=20 Bell Street, Suite 102, Sacramento, CA 95825,=20 USA</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE> <TABLE> <TBODY> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD><A = name=3DAff2></A>(2) </TD> <TD>Division of Hematology and Oncology,=20 Department of Internal Medicine, University of California at = Davis, 4860 Y=20 Street, Suite 3740, Sacramento, CA 95817,=20 USA</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE> <TABLE> <TBODY> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD><A = name=3DAff3></A>(3) </TD> <TD>Department of Neurological Surgery, = University=20 of California at Davis, 4860 Y Street, Suite 3740, Sacramento,=20 CA 95817, USA</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE> <A name=3DContactOfAuthor1></A> <TABLE class=3DContact> <TBODY> <TR> <TD vAlign=3Dtop><IMG border=3D0 alt=3D"Contact Information"=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/contact.gif">= </TD> = <TD>Monica Brown (Cor= responding=20 author) Email: <A=20 = href=3D"mailto:MBrown@ccr.ca.gov">MBrown@ccr.ca.gov</A> Email:= =20 <A=20 = href=3D"mailto:MonBrown@ucdavis.edu">MonBrown@ucdavis.edu</A></TD></TR></= TBODY></TABLE> <A name=3DContactOfAuthor2></A> <TABLE class=3DContact> <TBODY> <TR> <TD vAlign=3Dtop><IMG border=3D0 alt=3D"Contact Information"=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/contact.gif">= </TD> = <TD>Rudolph Schrot</STRONG= > Email:=20 <A=20 = href=3D"mailto:Rudolph.Schrot@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu">Rudolph.Schrot@ucdmc.ucd= avis.edu</A></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE> <A name=3DContactOfAuthor3></A> <TABLE class=3DContact> <TBODY> <TR> <TD vAlign=3Dtop><IMG border=3D0 alt=3D"Contact Information"=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/contact.gif">= </TD> = <TD>Katrina Bauer= Email:=20 <A=20 = href=3D"mailto:KBauer@ccr.ca.gov">KBauer@ccr.ca.gov</A></TD></TR></TBODY>= </TABLE> <A name=3DContactOfAuthor4></A> <TABLE class=3DContact> <TBODY> <TR> <TD vAlign=3Dtop><IMG border=3D0 alt=3D"Contact Information"=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/contact.gif">= </TD> = <TD>Deanna LeTendre</STRON= G> Email:=20 <A=20 = href=3D"mailto:DLeTendre@ccr.ca.gov">DLeTendre@ccr.ca.gov</A></TD></TR></= TBODY></TABLE> Received:=20 15 July 2008 Accepted:=20 16 March 2009 Published online:=20 2 April 2009 <DIV class=3DAbstract><A name=3DAbs1></A><SPAN=20 class=3DAbstractHeading>Abstract We examined the = incidence of=20 first primary central nervous system tumors (PCNST) in California from=20 2001=962005. This study period represents the first five years of data = collection=20 of benign PCNST by the California Cancer Registry. California=92s = age-adjusted=20 incidence rates (AAIR) for malignant and benign PCNST (5.5 and 8.5 per = 100,000,=20 respectively). Malignant PCNST were highest among non-Hispanic white = males (7.8=20 per 100,000). Benign PCNST were highest among African American females = (10.5 per=20 100,000). Hispanics, those with the lowest socioeconomic status, and = those who=20 lived in rural California were found to be significantly younger at = diagnosis.=20 Glioblastoma was the most frequent malignant histology, while meningioma = had the=20 highest incidence among benign histologies (2.6 and 4.5 per 100,000,=20 respectively). This study is the first in the US to compare malignant to = benign=20 PCNST using a population-based data source. It illustrates the = importance of=20 PCNST surveillance in California and in diverse communities. </DIV> Keywords Brain and=20 other central nervous system=20 neoplasms - Epidemiology - Cancer=20 incidence - Ethnic groups - Health disparities <DIV><A name=3DSec1></A> <HR> <DIV class=3Dheading2>Introduction</DIV> Central nervous system (CNS) cancers are neoplasms of the = neuroepithelial=20 tissue and membranous coverings of the brain and spinal cord, tumors of = the=20 pituitary gland, and cancers arising from the cranial nerves and CNS=20 hematopoietic cells. Compared to other forms of cancer, PCNST are rare. = In=20 California, these cancers generally represent only 1.5% of incident = cancer cases=20 and 2.6% of cancer deaths [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR1">1</A></CITE>].=20 Despite these statistics, PCNST are an important source of cancer = morbidity and=20 mortality and generate intense interest from clinicians, researchers, = the public=20 health community, and the general public. Many population-based epidemiologic studies of PCNST are = methodologically=20 inconsistent and potentially unreliable. CNS cancers are a heterogeneous = group=20 of diseases, comprising many histopathological forms and encompassing = numerous=20 gross anatomic sites. Their histopathological progression may be benign, = malignant, or of uncertain tumor behavior. Although CNS tumor = classification was=20 standardized by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1993, there = remains=20 variation in the organization of histologic codes for presentation and = in the=20 creation of histology sub-groups [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR2">2</A></CITE>].=20 Coding trends by neuropathologists change with time, resulting in = erroneous=20 incidence fluctuations [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR3">3</A></CITE>].=20 Furthermore, many epidemiologic studies are retrospective, have small = sample=20 sizes, or lack broad ethnic, cultural, and socioeconomic demographics. = With the enactment of federal Public Law 107-260 in 2004, the Benign = Brain=20 Tumor Cancer Registries Amendment Act, all state and metropolitan cancer = registries are required to collect data on benign PCNST and those of = uncertain=20 tumor behavior [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR4">4</A></CITE>].=20 Prior to 2004, many state and metropolitan cancer registries voluntarily = collected these data, including the California Cancer Registry (CCR), = which has=20 been collecting data on benign and uncertain tumor behavior CNS tumors = since=20 2001. In this study, we examined the incidence of first primary PCNST = collected=20 by the CCR from 2001=962005. For benign PCNST, this study period = represents the=20 first five years of data collection in California and the first = population-based=20 study of benign PCNST in the country. With a population of = 36.5 million,=20 California contains over 12% of the U.S. population, with broad ethnic,=20 cultural, and socioeconomic representation [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR5">5</A></CITE>].=20 Delineating the epidemiology of PCNST in California will create a = backdrop for=20 future basic, translational, clinical, and public health research and = can be=20 used as a baseline for monitoring incidence trends over time. </DIV> <DIV><A name=3DSec2></A> <HR> <DIV class=3Dheading2>Materials and methods</DIV> <DIV><A name=3DSec3></A> <DIV class=3DHeading3>Case identification</DIV> Cases used in these analyses were identified using the California = Cancer=20 Registry (CCR), a population-based registry composed of eight regional=20 registries collecting cancer incidence and mortality data for the entire = population of California. In 1985, California state law mandated the = reporting=20 of all newly diagnosed cancers in California, and statewide = implementation began=20 January 1, 1988. This state law was amended to require the collection of = benign=20 and uncertain behavior brain and other nervous system tumors beginning = January=20 1, 2001. Cases are reported to the Chronic Disease Surveillance and = Research=20 Branch of the California Department of Public Health from all hospitals = and any=20 other facilities providing care or therapy to cancer patients residing = in=20 California (approximately 2,500 facilities) [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR6">6</A></CITE>].=20 Cases diagnosed outside of California, at autopsy, or from death = certificates=20 were excluded. For this study, first primary cases of malignant, benign and = uncertain tumor=20 behavior brain and other nervous system tumors diagnosed between January = 1, 2001=20 and December 31, 2005 and reported to the CCR as of October 2007 were = used=20 [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR7">7</A></CITE>].=20 Only cases diagnosed or treated at the reporting facility were included = in these=20 analyses. Diagnoses of 98% of the 24,944 cases were confirmed by = histology=20 (79.0%) and radiography (19.3%); the remaining 1.7% was confirmed by a = variety=20 of methods, including but not limited to cytology and clinical = determination.=20 Less than 0.5% of cases included in these analyses were confirmed by an = unknown=20 method. In this manuscript, the term =93uncertain behavior=94 is used = and synonymous=20 with =93borderline behavior=94. These terms are defined similarly but = their use is=20 specific to certain classification systems. Uncertain behavior is used = in the=20 International Classification of Diseases (ICD) systems [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR7">7</A></CITE>],=20 while borderline behavior is the term used by the Centers for Disease = Control=20 and Prevention=92s (CDC), National Programs for Central Cancer = Registries (NPCR)=20 [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR8">8</A></CITE>],=20 Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR9">9</A></CITE>]=20 program of the National Cancer Institute, and thus the CCR. = Additionally,=20 primitive neuroectodermal tumors are abbreviated throughout the text and = tables=20 as PNET. Only cases with anatomical sites, histology codes and tumor behavior = defined=20 as reportable in Cancer Reporting in California: Abstracting and Coding=20 Procedures for Hospitals, Volume 1, Section II.1.9.1 and Appendix V were = included in these analyses. Anatomical sites included were the meninges=20 (C70.0=96C70.9); brain (C71.0=96C71.9); cerebrum (C71.0); brain lobes = (C71.1=96C71.4);=20 ventricle, NOS (C71.5); cerebellum, NOS (C71.6); brain stem (C71.7); = spinal cord=20 (C72.0); cauda equina (C72.1); cranial nerves (C72.2); pituitary gland = (C75.1);=20 craniopharyngeal duct (C75.2); and pineal gland (C75.3) [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR10">10</A></CITE>].=20 For other selected analyses, overlapping lesions of brain (C71.8); = brain, NOS=20 (C71.9); and/or nervous system, NOS (C72.9) were included. Although the = use of=20 some anatomical sites and histology codes differed, the 2007=962008 = report of the=20 Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS), 2000=962004, = was used=20 as a guide for the organization of histology codes in Table <A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#Tab2">2</A>=20 [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR11">11</A></CITE>].=20 In this study, pilocytic astrocytoma (ICD-O-3, 9421) is classified as = having=20 benign tumor behavior as is directed in ICD-O-3 [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR7">7</A></CITE>].=20 This is contrary to the classification stipulated in Cancer Reporting in = California: Abstracting and Coding Procedures for Hospitals, Volume 1, = Section=20 II.1.9.1 and Appendix V, in which it is classified as malignant, in = accordance=20 with SEER reporting requirements [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR10">10</A></CITE>].=20 The collection of benign and borderline brain and other nervous = system tumors=20 became a statewide effort beginning in 2001; however, the nationwide = effort did=20 not begin until 2004. Inconsistencies in data collection may have = occurred as a=20 result of coding rule changes for cases diagnosed in 2004 and 2005. To = utilize=20 all eligible cases, we identified inconsistencies by cross tabulations = of cases=20 by histology, tumor behavior, and anatomical site; these were reviewed = by the=20 authors, a regional registry quality control coordinator, and a = neurosurgeon to=20 determine the accuracy of coding and the appropriate categorization for=20 presentation. Based on their assessment, approximately 400 cases were = reassigned=20 histology, tumor behavior, and/or anatomical site codes, and = approximately 100=20 cases were deleted from the research database entirely for this study.=20 Specifically, all craniopharyngiomas were recoded to uncertain behavior = of the=20 craniopharyngeal duct. All cases coded as benign adenomas (ICD-O-3 8140) = of the=20 pituitary gland were recoded to pituitary adenomas (ICD-O-3 8272). Some = cases=20 (n =3D 65), were recoded based on visual review of the = individual=20 case abstract for various reasons. Cases with ICD-O-3 codes 9450, = 9391-9393,=20 9380, 9370-9372, were recoded to malignant behavior. Myxopapillary = ependymomas=20 were recoded to uncertain behavior. The cases coded as hemangioblastic=20 meningioma were recoded to hemangioblastoma. <DIV><A name=3DSec4></A> <H4 class=3DSection3>Variables</H4> The age, sex, race/ethnicity, and residential address of the patients = that=20 were used in these analyses were collected by the CCR from each = patient=92s=20 medical record. Race/ethnicity was derived from patient = self-identification,=20 assumptions based on personal appearance, or inferences based on the=20 race/ethnicity of the parents, birthplace, surname, or maiden name.=20 Race/ethnicity was classified into four mutually exclusive categories of = non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, Hispanic, and Asian/Pacific = Islander.=20 Hispanic ethnicity identification was enhanced by the use of = computerized=20 comparisons to the 1980 U.S. census list of Hispanic surnames. Patients=20 identified as Hispanic on the medical record, or patients identified as = white,=20 black, or of unknown race with a Hispanic surname were classified as = Hispanic.=20 Use of this method can misclassify some persons as Hispanic when they = are not=20 [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR12">12</A></CITE>].=20 Residential census tracts of cases, including those who used post = office=20 boxes as residential addresses and the denominator population were = classified by=20 the 2000 Rural Urban Commuting Areas (RUCA) codes. The RUCAs were = developed by=20 the University of Washington=92s Rural Health Research Center and the = Economic=20 Research Service [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR13">13</A></CITE>].=20 The RUCAs are a census tract-based taxonomy that utilizes the standard = Census=20 Bureau Urbanized Area and Urban Cluster definitions in combination with = other=20 work that commuted data to characterize the nation=92s census tracts = regarding=20 their urban and rural status and functional relationships [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR14">14</A></CITE>].=20 For these analyses, urban and rural census tracks in California were=20 dichotomized based on Categorization C as recommended in =93Using RUCA = Data,=94=20 published by the Rural Health Research Center [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR14">14</A></CITE>].=20 Socioeconomic status (SES) was assigned based on the patient=92s = census block=20 group (2000 U.S. census) derived from their address at time of initial = diagnosis=20 as reported in the medical record. This SES variable is an index that = utilizes=20 education, employment characteristics, median household income, = proportion of=20 the population living 200% below the Federal Poverty Level, median rent, = and=20 median housing value of census tract of residence for case and = denominator=20 population. A principal components analysis was used to identify = quintiles of=20 SES ranging from one, the lowest, to five, the highest [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR15">15</A></CITE>].=20 </DIV> <DIV><A name=3DSec5></A> <H4 class=3DSection3>Statistical analysis</H4> Counts and proportions were calculated using SAS 9.0 (SAS Institute, = Cary,=20 NC). Age-adjusted incidence rates (AAIR) were adjusted by the direct = method and=20 standardized to the 2000 U.S. population [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR16">16</A></CITE>].=20 Age-specific incidence rates (ASIR) were calculated specific to each = 5 year=20 age group. Denominators were based on the 2000 U.S. census. All rates = were=20 calculated using SEER*Stat 6.3.6 (National Cancer Institute, Silver = Spring, MD).=20 Statistical comparisons of incidence rates were assessed using their = respective=20 confidence intervals [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR16">16</A></CITE>].=20 If two comparative AAIR or ASIR confidence intervals do not overlap, the = difference in the rates is considered statistically significantly.=20 </DIV></DIV></DIV> <DIV><A name=3DSec6></A> <HR> <DIV class=3Dheading2>Results</DIV> <DIV class=3DPara> <DIV>We identified 24,923 cases of first PCNST in the CCR from 2001 to = 2005. A=20 total of 9,236 (37.1%) cases were malignant, 14,057 (56.4%) cases were = benign,=20 and 1,630 (6.5%) cases were of uncertain tumor behavior. As shown in=20 Table <A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#Tab1">1</A>,=20 our study population was 59.5% adult, 20=9664 years old; 54.5% = female; 60.8%=20 non-Hispanic white; 46.5% of high SES; and 93.5% urban residents at time = of=20 diagnosis. The proportion of cases by age groups, SES, and location of = residence=20 at diagnosis was similar across tumor behavior, although tumors of = uncertain=20 tumor behavior appeared to occur more in the 0=9619 year old age = group than=20 malignant and benign. There were statistically significant differences = in the=20 median age at diagnosis of patients with PCNST by tumor behavior=20 (P < 0.05). For malignant PCNST, males, ethnic = minorities,=20 those of low SES, and those who lived in urban areas were significantly = younger=20 at diagnosis than females, those of high SES, non-Hispanic whites, and = those who=20 lived in rural areas. For benign PCNST, Hispanics and Asian/Pacific = Islanders,=20 those of low SES, and those who lived in urban areas were significantly = younger=20 at diagnosis (P < 0.05). The proportional incidence = of=20 PCNST, regardless of tumor behavior, was highest among those at the = highest=20 SES.<A name=3DTab1></A> <DIV class=3DCapt>Table 1 Number = of cases and=20 percent of first primary central nervous system tumors, population = demographic=20 characteristics and median age at diagnosis by behavior, California, = 2001=962005=20 </DIV> <TABLE border=3D1> <COLGROUP> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."></COLGROUP> <THEAD> <TR class=3Dheader> <TH rowSpan=3D2 colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Demographic characteristics</TH> <TH colSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Malignant</TH> <TH colSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Benign</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Uncertain</TH> <TD class=3Dauto-generated> </TD> <TD class=3Dauto-generated> </TD> <TD class=3Dauto-generated> </TD> <TD class=3Dauto-generated> </TD> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Total</TH></TR> <TR class=3Dheader> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft> Median age</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft> Median age</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft> Median age</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH></TR></THEAD> <TBODY> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D13 align=3Dleft> Age group, years</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> 0=9619</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,114</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 12.1</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 698</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 284</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 17.4</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,096</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8.4</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> 20=9664</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5,202</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 56.3</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8,676</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 61.7</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 941</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 57.7</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 14,819</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 59.5</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> 65+</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,920</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 31.6</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4,683</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 33.3</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 405</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 24.8</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8,008</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 32.1</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D13 align=3Dleft> Sex</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5,232</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 56.6</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 53*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5,277</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 37.5</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 55</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 830</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 50.9</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 44*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 11,339</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 45.5</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4,004</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 43.4</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 57 </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8,780</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 62.5</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 56</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 800</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 49.1</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 50</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 13,584</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 54.5</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D13 align=3Dleft> Race/ethnicity</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Non-Hispanic White</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5,965</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 64.6</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 58 </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8,266</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 58.8</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 58</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 919</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 56.4</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 53</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 15,150</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 60.8</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Non-Hispanic Black</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 378</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.1</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 51*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 902</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.4</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 57</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 116</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7.1</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 47*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,396</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.6</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Hispanic</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,122</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 23.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 43*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,092</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 22.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 47*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 424</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 26.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 34*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5,638</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 22.6</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Asian-Pacific Islander</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 726</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7.9</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 51*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,605</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 11.4</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 57*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 157</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 9.6</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 48*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,488</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 10.0</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Other/unknown</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 45</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 40*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 192</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.4</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 52*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 14</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.9</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 49</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 251</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.0</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D13 align=3Dleft> Socioeconomic status</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Low</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,020</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 32.7</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 51*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4,573</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 32.5</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 54*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 585</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 35.9</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 42*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8,180</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 32.8</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Medium</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,907</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 20.6</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 56 </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,909</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 20.7</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 56</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 352</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 21.6</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 50 </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5,169</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 20.7</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> High</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4,309</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 46.7</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 56 </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6,575</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 46.8</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 56</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 693</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 42.5</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 49</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 11,579</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 46.5</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D13 align=3Dleft> Level of urbanization</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Rural</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 631</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.8</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 58 </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 859</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.1</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 58</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 127</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7.8</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 54</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,617</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.5</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Urban</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8,605</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93.2</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 54*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 13,198</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93.9</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 55*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,503</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 92.2</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 47</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 23,306</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93.5</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Total </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 9,236</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 14,057</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,630</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 24,923</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE> <DIV class=3DCapt> <DIV class=3DCaptCont> <DIV>* P-value < 0.05; female; Non-Hispanic = white; SES=20 high and rural were used as the referent catagories=20 </DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV> The overall sex-specific AAIR for malignant PCNST was highest among = males, at=20 6.6 per 100,000 (C.I., 6.4, 6.8). For benign PCNST, the AAIR was highest = for=20 females, at 10.0 per 100,000 (C.I., 9.8, 10.2). The sex-specific AAIR = for PCNST=20 of uncertain tumor behavior were nearly equal for males and females at = 1.0 and=20 0.9 per 100,000. <DIV class=3DPara> <DIV>Age-specific incidence of malignant tumors was lowest, for both = males and=20 females, in their early 20s. The ASIR for males was higher than the ASIR = for=20 females, with the gap increasing between ages 40 and 79. Incidence of = malignant=20 tumors peaked for both males and females in their late 70s and decreased = thereafter. In contrast to malignant tumors, benign tumors were lowest = in=20 childhood and adolescence and increased with increasing age. ASIRs for = benign=20 tumors were consistently higher among females for all age groups except = ages=20 10=9614 (Fig. <A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#Fig1">1</A>).=20 <DIV class=3DFigure><A name=3DFig1></A><IMG=20 alt=3DMediaObjects/11060_2009_9864_Fig1_HTML.gif=20 src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/MediaObjects/= 11060_2009_9864_Fig1_HTML.gif"></DIV> <DIV class=3DCapt>Fig. 1 Age-specific=20 incidence rates (ASIR) of first primary benign and malignant brain and = other=20 nervous system tumors by sex, California, 2001=962005 </DIV> <HR> </DIV></DIV> <DIV class=3DPara> <DIV>In Fig. <A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#Fig2">2</A>,=20 incidence of malignant tumors was highest for non-Hispanic white males, = followed=20 by Hispanic males (7.8 and 5.7 per 100,000, respectively), and lowest = for=20 Asian/Pacific Islander and non-Hispanic black females (3.0 and 3.1 per = 100,000,=20 respectively). Incidence of benign tumors was highest for all females, = with=20 rates for non-Hispanic black, non-Hispanic white, and Hispanic females = being=20 very close (10.5, 10.2 and 9.8 per 100,000, respectively).=20 <DIV class=3DFigure><A name=3DFig2></A><IMG=20 alt=3DMediaObjects/11060_2009_9864_Fig2_HTML.gif=20 src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/MediaObjects/= 11060_2009_9864_Fig2_HTML.gif"></DIV> <DIV class=3DCapt>Fig. 2 Age-adjusted=20 incidence rates (AAIR) of first primary central nervous system tumors by = race/ethnicity, behavior and sex, California, 2001=962005 </DIV> <HR> </DIV></DIV> <DIV class=3DPara> <DIV>In Table <A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#Tab2">2</A>=20 we see that malignant PCNST were primarily glioblastoma (45.3%), = followed=20 distantly by lymphoma (7.5%) and anaplastic astrocytoma (7.0%). The vast = majority of benign tumors consisted of meningiomas (51.6%), pituitary = tumors=20 (24.1%), and nerve sheath tumors (18.0%). Tumors of uncertain behavior = were=20 distributed similarly to benign tumors, with the largest proportion = being=20 meningiomas (26.0%), followed by craniopharyngiomas (16.6%), which are = tumors of=20 the sellar region like those of the pituitary gland. These two groups = were=20 followed by hemangioblastoma (13.3%), which are considered tumors of the = meninges.<A name=3DTab2></A> <DIV class=3DCapt>Table 2 Number = of cases and=20 percent of first primary central nervous system tumors by behavior and=20 histology, California, 2001=962005 </DIV> <TABLE border=3D1> <COLGROUP> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."></COLGROUP> <THEAD> <TR class=3Dheader> <TH rowSpan=3D2 colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Histology</TH> <TH rowSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> ICD-O3 histology codes</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Malignant</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Benign</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Uncertain</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Total</TH></TR> <TR class=3Dheader> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH></TR></THEAD> <TBODY> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D11 align=3Dleft> Tumors of the neuroepithelial tissue</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Pilocytic astrocytoma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9421</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 488</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.5</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 488</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.0</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Diffuse astrocytoma (protoplasmic,=20 fibrillary)</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9410, 9420</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 87</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 87</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Anaplastic astrocytoma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9401, 9411</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 644</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 644</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.6</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Unique astrocytoma variants</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9383, 9384, 9424</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 36</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 82</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 118</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Astrocytoma, NOS</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9400, 9412</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 587</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 590</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.4</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Glioblastoma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9440, 9441, 9442</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4,180</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 45.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4,180</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 16.8</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Oligodendroglioma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9450</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 448</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 448</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.8</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Anaplastic oligodendroglioma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9451, 9460</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 207</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 207</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.8</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Ependymoma/Anaplastic = ependymoma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9391, 9392, 9393</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 418</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 418</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.7</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Ependymoma variant, = Myxopapillary</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9394</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 146</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 9.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 146</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.6</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Mixed glioma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9382</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 313</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 313</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Glioma malignant, NOS</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9380</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 497</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 497</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.0</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Choroid plexus</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9390</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 20</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 68</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Neuroepithelial</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9381, 9423, 9430, 9444</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 25</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> <5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 27</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Neuronal/glial, neuronal and = mixed</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 8680, 9413, 9490, 9492, 9493, 9500, 9501, 9505, 9506, = 9508</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 59</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 91</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.6</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 200</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 12.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 350</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.4</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Pineal parenchymal</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9360, 9361, 9362</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 34</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 26</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 60</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> PNET/medulloblastoma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9470, 9471, 9472, 9473, 9474</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 399</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 399</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.6</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D11 align=3Dleft> Tumors of cranial & spinal nerves</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Nerve sheath tumors</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 9540, 9550, 9560, 9561, 9570</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 17</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,537</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 18.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 23</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,577</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 10.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D11 align=3Dleft> Tumors of meninges</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Meningioma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9530, 9531, 9532, 9533, 9534, 9537, 9538, 9539</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 138</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7,257</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 51.6</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 424</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 26.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7,819</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 31.4</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Other mesenchymal</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 8324, 8728, 8801, 8806, 8810, 8815, 8850, 8861, 8890, 8900, = 8920, 9150,=20 9260</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 25</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 21</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 49</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 95</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Hemangioblastoma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9131, 9161, 9535</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 17</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 217</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 13.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 234</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.9</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D11 align=3Dleft> Lymphomas</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 9590, 9591, 9650, 9670, 9671, 9675, 9680, 9684, 9687, 9690, = 9691, 9695,=20 9698, 9699, 9702, 9705, 9714, 9719, 9727, 9728, 9729, 9731, 9733, = 9734,=20 9740, 9741, 9750, 9755, 9930 </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 694</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 694</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.8</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D11 align=3Dleft> Germ cell tumors</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 9060, 9064, 9065, 9070, 9071, 9080, 9081, 9084, 9085</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 157</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 25</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 182</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.7</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D11 align=3Dleft> Tumors of sellar region</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Pituitary tumors</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 8270, 8271, 8272, 8280, 8290, 8300,9580</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 15</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,384</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 24.1</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,399</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 13.6</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Craniopharyngioma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9350, 9351, 9352</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 271</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 16.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 271</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.1</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D11 align=3Dleft> Local extensions from regional tumors</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Chordoma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 9370, 9371, 9372</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 23</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 23</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D11 align=3Dleft> Unclassifed tumors</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Hemangioma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9120, 9121, 9122, 9130, 9133</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.7</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 96</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Neoplasm, unspecified</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 8000, 8005, 8010</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 208</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 76</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 179</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 11.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 463</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.9</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> All other</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 8720, 8728, 9580, 9751</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> =96</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 9,236</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> =96</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 14,057</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> =96</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 1,630</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> =96</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 24,923</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> =96</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE> <DIV class=3DCapt> <DIV class=3DCaptCont> <DIV>PNET primitive neuroectodermal tumors = </DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV> <DIV class=3DPara> <DIV>As shown in Table <A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#Tab3">3</A>,=20 the highest incident histologies were glioblastoma (2.6 per 100,000) for = malignant and meningioma (4.5 per 100,000) for benign PCNST. The AAIR = for=20 glioblastomas was 1.7 times greater in males compared to females, while = the rate=20 of meningiomas was 2.3 times greater in females compared to males. = Non-Hispanic=20 white males had the highest AAIR of glioblastoma (3.9 per 100,000), = which was=20 significantly higher than all other race/ethnic groups by sex. = Non-Hispanic=20 white males had significantly higher AAIRs than other race/ethnic = groups; a=20 higher incidence of anaplastic astrocytoma, except for Hispanic males; = and a=20 higher incidence of nerve sheath tumors, except for Asian/Pacific = Islander=20 males. The AAIRs for astrocytoma, NOS, and pilocytic astrocytoma were=20 significantly higher for non-Hispanic white males compared to = Asian/Pacific=20 Islander males. Among females, non-Hispanic white females had the = highest rate=20 of glioblastoma (2.4 per 100,000), regardless of race/ethnicity. = Non-Hispanic=20 white females had a significantly higher AAIR compared to other = race/ethnic=20 groups for nerve sheath tumors, except for Asian/Pacific Islander = females.<A=20 name=3DTab3></A> <DIV class=3DCapt>Table 3 Age-Adjusted=20 Incidence Rates (AAIR)* of selected first primary malignant and benign = central=20 nervous system tumors by histology and sex, California, 2001=962005 = </DIV> <TABLE border=3D1> <COLGROUP> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."></COLGROUP> <THEAD> <TR class=3Dheader> <TH rowSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Behavior</TH> <TH rowSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Histology</TH> <TH align=3Dleft> Sex</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Total</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> NH White</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> NH Black</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Hispanic</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> API</TH></TR> <TR class=3Dheader> <TH align=3Dleft> </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> AAIR</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 95% CI</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> AAIR</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 95% CI</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> AAIR</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 95% CI</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> AAIR</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 95% CI</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> AAIR</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 95% CI</TH></TR></THEAD> <TBODY> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D30 align=3Dleft> Malignant</TD> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Astrocytoma, anaplastic</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5, 0.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.4</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Astrocytoma, NOS</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Glioblastoma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.5, 2.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.0, 3.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.3, 1.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.1, 2.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.1, 1.4</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.1, 3.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.7, 4.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.6, 2.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.5, 3.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.3, 1.9</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.9, 2.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.3, 2.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.9, 1.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.7, 2.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.7, 1.1</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Oligodendroglioma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Anaplastic oligodendroglioma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.1</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.1</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Ependymomas, anaplastic</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Mixed glioma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Glioma malignant, NOS</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.4</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> PNET/Meduloblastoma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Lymphomas</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4, 0.6</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5, 0.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4, 0.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4, 0.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4, 0.7</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.5</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D12 align=3Dleft> Benign</TD> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Pilocytic astrocytoma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Nerve sheath</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.4, 1.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.7, 1.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5, 0.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.9, 1.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.3, 1.7</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.5, 1.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.7, 2.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5, 1.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.8, 1.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.4, 1.9</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.4, 1.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.5, 1.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4, 0.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.9, 1.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.2, 1.6</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Meningioma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.4, 4.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.5, 4.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.5, 5.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.7, 4.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.9, 4.5</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.5, 2.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.7, 3.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.6, 3.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.7, 2.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.0, 2.7</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.9, 6.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.1, 6.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.8, 7.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.3, 6.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.3, 6.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Pituitary tumors</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.9, 2.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.6, 1.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.9, 3.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.3, 2.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.6, 2.0</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.0. 2.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.7, 2.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.2, 4.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.3, 2.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.5, 2.1</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.9, 2.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.5, 1.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.5, 3.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.4, 2.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.6, 2.1</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE> <DIV class=3DCapt> <DIV class=3DCaptCont> <DIV>* Age-adjusted incidence rates are per 100,000 population. = Rates are=20 standardized to the 2000 US population</DIV></DIV> <DIV class=3DCaptCont> <DIV>PNET primitive neuroectodermal tumors = </DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV> Non-Hispanic black males had significantly higher AAIR for pituitary = tumors=20 (3.8 per 100,000) compared to all other race/ethnic groups by sex and a=20 significantly higher AAIR for meningiomas compared to Hispanic males.=20 Non-Hispanic black females had a significantly higher AAIR for pituitary = tumors=20 compared to males and females in other race/ethnic groups, except = non-Hispanic=20 black males and Hispanic males and females. <DIV class=3DPara> <DIV>Table <A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#Tab4">4</A>=20 shows that malignant tumors occurred most often among adults, = 20=9664 years=20 old. The exception was PNET/medulloblastoma (71.9%) which occurred = mostly among=20 children, adolescents and teens, 0=9619 years old. Adults aged = 65 years=20 and older had higher proportions of glioblastomas (44.3%) and lymphomas = (40.6%).=20 Malignant tumors occurred chiefly among males with the exception of = glioma and=20 pilocytic astrocytoma, which occurred slightly more often among females. = Hispanics had higher proportions of PNET/medulloblastoma (47.4%) and=20 ependymoma/anaplastic ependymoma (33.5%). A higher proportion of = lymphoma=20 (13.5%) was seen among Asian/Pacific Islanders compared to other = histologies.=20 Most cases lived in areas of high SES, except for PNET/medulloblastoma, = where=20 41.9% of the cases were of the lowest SES group.<A name=3DTab4></A> <DIV class=3DCapt>Table 4 Number = of cases and=20 percent of selected first primary malignant and benign central nervous = system=20 tumors by demographics and histology, California, 2001=962005 </DIV> <TABLE border=3D1> <COLGROUP> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."></COLGROUP> <THEAD> <TR class=3Dheader> <TH colSpan=3D17 align=3Dleft> Malignant</TH></TR> <TR class=3Dheader> <TH rowSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Demographic characteristics</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Anaplastic astrocytoma</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Glioblastoma</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Ependymoma/anaplastic ependymoma</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Glioma, NOS</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> PNET/medullo-blastoma</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Lymphoma</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Other</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Total</TH></TR> <TR class=3Dheader> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH></TR></THEAD> <TBODY> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D17 align=3Dleft> Age group (years)</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> 0=9619</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 52</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 53</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 128</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 30.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 166</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 33.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 287</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 71.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 18</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 410</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 17.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,114</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 12.1</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> 20=9664</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 443</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 68.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,277</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 54.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 253</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 60.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 183</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 36.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 110</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 27.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 394</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 56.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,542</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 64.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5,202</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 56.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> 65+</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 149</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 23.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,850</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 44.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 37</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 148</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 29.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 282</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 40.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 452</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 18.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,920</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 31.6</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D17 align=3Dleft> Sex</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 363</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 56.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,441</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 58.4 </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 212</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 50.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 247</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 49.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 248</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 62.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 398</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 57.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,323</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 55.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5,232</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 56.6</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 281</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 43.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,739</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 41.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 206</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 49.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 250</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 50.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 151</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 37.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 296</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 42.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,081</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 45.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4,004</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 43.4</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D17 align=3Dleft> Race/ethnicity</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Non-Hispanic White</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 423</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 65.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,059</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 73.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 219</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 52.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 276</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 55.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 164</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 41.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 400</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 57.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,424</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 59.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5,965</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 64.6</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Non-Hispanic Black</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 16</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 143</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 23</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 29</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 13</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 38</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 116</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 378</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.1</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Hispanic</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 152</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 23.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 724</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 17.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 140</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 33.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 140</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 28.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 189</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 47.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 156</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 22.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 621</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 25.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,122</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 23.0</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Asian-Pacific Islander</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 50</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 242</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 34</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 47</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 9.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 31</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 94</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 13.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 228</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 9.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 726</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7.9</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Other/unknown</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 12</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 15</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 45</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D17 align=3Dleft> Socioeconomic status</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Low</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 218</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 33.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,218</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 29.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 157</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 37.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 184</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 37.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 167</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 41.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 245</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 35.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 831</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 34.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,020</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 32.7</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Medium</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 131</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 20.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 875</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 20.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 69</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 16.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 105</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 21.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 77</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 19.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 141</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 20.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 509</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 21.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,907</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 20.6</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> High</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 295</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 45.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,087</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 49.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 192</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 45.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 208</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 41.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 155</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 38.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 308</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 44.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,064</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 44.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4,309</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 46.7</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D17 align=3Dleft> Level of urbanization </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Rural</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 52</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 305</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 26</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 34</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 19</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 47</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 148</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 631</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.8</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Urban</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 592</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 91.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,875</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 92.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 392</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 463</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 380</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 95.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 647</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,256</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8,605</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 644</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4,180</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 418</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 497</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 399</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 694</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,404</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 9,236</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE> <TABLE border=3D1> <COLGROUP> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dleft></COLGROUP> <THEAD> <TR class=3Dheader> <TH colSpan=3D17 align=3Dleft> Benign</TH></TR> <TR class=3Dheader> <TH rowSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> </TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Pilocytic astrocytoma</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Nerve sheath tumors</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Meningioma</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Pituitary tumors</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Other</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Total</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TH> <TH align=3Dleft> </TH> <TH align=3Dleft> </TH> <TH align=3Dleft> </TH></TR> <TR class=3Dheader> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TH> <TH align=3Dleft> </TH> <TH align=3Dleft> </TH> <TH align=3Dleft> </TH></TR></THEAD> <TBODY> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D17 align=3Dleft> Age group (years)</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> 0=9619</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 371</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 76.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 48</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 30</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 143</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 106</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 27.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 698</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> 20=9664</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 111</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 22.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,037</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 80.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,863</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 53.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,444</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 72.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 221</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 56.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8,676</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 61.7</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> 65+</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 452</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 17.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,364</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 46.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 797</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 23.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 64</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 16.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4,683</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 33.3</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D17 align=3Dleft> Sex</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 240</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 49.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,290</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 50.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,923</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 26.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,634</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 48.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 190</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 48.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5,277</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 37.5</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 248</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 50.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,247</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 49.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5,334</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 73.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,750</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 51.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 201</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 51.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8,780</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 62.5</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D17 align=3Dleft> Race/ethnicity</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Non-Hispanic White</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 250</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 51.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,639</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 64.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4,626</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 63.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,528</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 45.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 223</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 57.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8,266</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 58.8</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Non-Hispanic Black</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 31</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 74</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 460</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 322</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 9.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 15</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 902</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.4</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Hispanic</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 168</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 34.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 423</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 16.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,273</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 17.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,116</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 33.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 112</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 28.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,092</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 22.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Asian-Pacific Islander</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 30</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 326</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 12.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 829</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 11.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 385</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 11.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 35</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 9.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,605</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 11.4</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Other/unknown</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 75</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 69</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 33</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 192</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.4</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D17 align=3Dleft> Socioeconomic status</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Low</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 191</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 39.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 630</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 24.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,323</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 32.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,299</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 38.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 130</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 33.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4,573</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 32.5</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Medium</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 94</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 19.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 488</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 19.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,537</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 21.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 689</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 20.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 101</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 25.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,909</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 20.7</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> High</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 203</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 41.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,419</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 55.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,397</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 46.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,396</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 41.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 160</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 40.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6,575</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 46.8</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D17 align=3Dleft> Level of urbanization </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Rural</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 35</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 165</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 469</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 159</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 31</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 859</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.1</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Urban</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 453</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 92.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,372</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6,788</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,225</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 95.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 360</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 92.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 13,198</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93.9</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 488</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,537</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7,257</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,384</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 391</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 14,057</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE> <DIV class=3DCapt> <DIV class=3DCaptCont> <DIV>NOS not otherwise specified, PNET primitive = neuroectodermal=20 tumors </DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV> Patients with benign tumors were more similar demographically across=20 histology groups than those with malignant tumors. Unlike malignant = tumors,=20 benign tumors occurred chiefly among females (62.5%). Benign PCNST = occurred most=20 often among adults, 20=9664 years old (61.7%); non-Hispanic whites = (58.8%)=20 followed by Hispanics (22.0%); those in the higher SES groups (46.8%) = followed=20 by those in the lowest (32.5%); and urban residents (93.9%) at time of=20 diagnosis. Meningiomas were highest among females (73.5%). Pilocytic = astrocytoma=20 (76.0%) occurred mostly among children, adolescents and teens, = 0=9619 years=20 old. Among Hispanics and non-Hispanic blacks, tumors of the pituitary = gland=20 occurred more often than other anatomic sites (33% and 9.5%, = respectively).=20 </DIV> <DIV><A name=3DSec7></A> <HR> <DIV class=3Dheading2>Discussion</DIV> Thirty-seven percent of California=92s PCNST were found to be = malignant and 56%=20 benign. The AAIR of malignant PCNST in California was 5.8 cases per = 100,000=20 persons, and benign PCNST was 8.5 cases per 100,000 persons. Consistent with findings of other studies, the incidence of malignant = tumors=20 increased with increasing age except for the youngest = (0=9614 years) and=20 oldest (>65 years) members of our study population [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR11">11</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR17">17</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR18">18</A></CITE>].=20 A similar, but more monotonic age-related pattern was found for benign = tumors.=20 The highest incidence for both malignant and benign PCNST was among = adults,=20 20=9664 years old. Median age at diagnosis ranged widely by sex,=20 race/ethnicity, SES, and the level of urbanization of patient residence. = Significant differences were found in median age at diagnosis by sex for = malignant but not for benign PCNST. Non-Hispanic whites were the oldest=20 (57 years old) while Hispanics were the youngest (41 years = old). Those=20 in the lowest SES level and those who lived in rural California were=20 significantly younger at the time of diagnosis. Disparities in median = age at=20 diagnosis could indicate etiologic differences in PCNST or disparities = in=20 healthcare utilization, access and diagnostics among these groups. The incidence of malignant PCNST was highest among non-Hispanic white = males,=20 followed by Hispanic males [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR17">17</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR19">19</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR20">20</A></CITE>].=20 Benign PCNST in California occurred more often among females. The AAIRs = were=20 similar across all race/ethnic groups, lead slightly by non-Hispanic = black=20 females (10.5 per 100,000). In our race/ethnicity analyses, we found=20 significantly higher AAIRs for glioblastoma, pilocytic astrocytoma, = anaplastic=20 astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, and nerve sheath tumors among = non-Hispanic white=20 males and females. In comparison, non-Hispanic black males and females = had=20 significantly higher rates of meningiomas and pituitary tumors [<CITE><A = href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR21">21</A></CITE>=96<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR28">28</A></CITE>].=20 We found higher incidence rates of nerve sheath tumors among = Asian/Pacific=20 Islanders. Unlike other studies, we found that the AAIR of pituitary = tumors=20 among Asian/Pacific Islanders was nearly the same rate as reported for=20 non-Hispanic whites [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR29">29</A></CITE>=96<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR32">32</A></CITE>].=20 Overall PCNST proportional incidence, regardless of tumor behavior, = was=20 highest for the highest SES group, followed by the lowest SES group = [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR28">28</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR33">33</A></CITE>].=20 Inskip et al. (2003) found similar results for gliomas and = meningiomas, in=20 which the incidence was highest among those with more education, greater = income,=20 and private insurance. The incidence among those with public insurance = was also=20 somewhat higher, possibly betraying a reporting bias linked to = population=20 healthcare coverage [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR33">33</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR34">34</A></CITE>].=20 Differential tumor detection and reporting between those with and = without health=20 insurance may account for some of the observed differences. As in other studies, glioblastoma was the dominant histologic = category for=20 malignant PCNST (43%) in California [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR35">35</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR36">36</A></CITE>].=20 Although the proportion of cases we found in California was exceedingly = higher=20 than that found by others [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR11">11</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR37">37</A></CITE>],=20 California=92s AAIR (2.6 per 100,000 cases) was lower than those = recorded=20 elsewhere, which range from 3.1 to 4.8/100,000 [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR11">11</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR38">38</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR39">39</A></CITE>].=20 The AAIR of lymphoma (0.4 per 100,000) was similar in California to that = reported elsewhere [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR11">11</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR38">38</A></CITE>=96<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR40">40</A></CITE>],=20 despite changes in their histological classification and their effect = over time=20 [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR41">41</A></CITE>].=20 The dominant histologic categories for benign PCNST were meningiomas = (53.5%),=20 tumors of the pituitary gland (24.9%), and tumors of the nerve sheath = (18.7%),=20 collectively representing 97% of California=92s benign tumor cases. The = AAIRs for=20 meningiomas, tumors of the pituitary gland, and tumors of the nerve = sheath were=20 4.5, 2.0, and 1.5 per 100,000, respectively. Californian rates for = meningiomas=20 were similar to those reported by some other studies [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR11">11</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR35">35</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR38">38</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR39">39</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR42">42</A></CITE>]=20 but not all [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR43">43</A></CITE>].=20 The rate of pituitary tumors in California was higher than that reported = by=20 CBTRUS, 1.37 per 100,000 [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR11">11</A></CITE>],=20 while the incidence rate for tumors of the nerve sheath was the same as = that=20 reported for the nation. Cancer incidence is difficult to compare across geographical areas,=20 time-periods and information sources. Data used in national and = international=20 incidence studies can differ in diagnostic and neuropathological = assessment,=20 case ascertainment practices [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR44">44</A></CITE>=96<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR47">47</A></CITE>].=20 Some studies are single institution or if population-based may lack a = sufficient=20 case population to calculate incidence rates or if rates can be = calculated, the=20 use of the world standard population for incidence rates standardization = rather=20 than the U.S. standard population [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR48">48</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR49">49</A></CITE>].=20 Among U.S. CNS tumor incidence studies, counts and rates can vary by = data=20 collection sources and tumor classifications systems. All national CNS = tumor=20 incidence statistics derived cases from one of four centralized data = collection=20 sources: the NPCR from the CDC; the North American Association of = Central Cancer=20 Registries (NAACCR); SEER and CBTRUS. Both NPCR and NAACCR are = population-based=20 and cover more than 95% of the U.S. population [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR8">8</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR50">50</A></CITE>],=20 while SEER, a non-random sample of central cancer registries, represents = 26% of=20 the population [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR9">9</A></CITE>].=20 CBTRUS differs from these agencies since it is a voluntary repository = for CNS=20 tumor data. In 1999, CBTRUS was estimated to cover 15% of the U.S. = population=20 with contributions from 16 state registries (excluding California) = [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR11">11</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR51">51</A></CITE>].=20 All of these cancer data collection agencies use the ICD-O tumor = classification=20 system [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR7">7</A></CITE>];=20 whereas neuropathologists use the WHO grading system, which is specific = to=20 classifying CNS tumors [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR52">52</A></CITE>].=20 Both of these tumor malignancy scales were created by the World Health=20 Organization and can differ substantially, one essential difference is = in tumor=20 behavior categories. The ICD-O category of uncertain tumor behavior = applies to=20 CNS tumors, whereas the WHO grading scheme does not have an option for = coding=20 tumors of uncertain behavior. Coding discrepancies can occur at the = individual=20 pathology report level. This issue is further complicated by the = application of=20 data collection agency specific coding rules. Pilocytic astrocytoma is=20 considered benign using the WHO grading system and ICD-O-3, but it is = classified=20 as malignant for reporting purposes by NAACCR and SEER and thus all = North=20 American central tumor registries. Given that pilocytic astrocytoma is a = high-incidence histology, its inclusion or exclusion could significantly = sway=20 pediatric PCNST statistics. On the other hand, some statistical sources = choose=20 not to partition histologies by tumor behavior, thus the incidence of = CNS tumors=20 calculated by these sources can appear higher than from other sources = [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR11">11</A></CITE>].=20 Other differences in CNS tumor incidence statistics can arise from = the=20 inclusion of all CNS tumors from a single case, regardless of tumor = sequence=20 (first primary tumors versus all primary tumors) and the organization of = tumor=20 histology codes. The CCR as well as all member central cancer registries = of NPCR=20 and NAACCR, use the SEER program=92s incidence site recode system that=20 standardizes ICD-O histology subgroups [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR7">7</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR9">9</A></CITE>].=20 When comparing the incidence of pituitary gland tumors between sources, = we found=20 wide variation in the ICD-O-3 histology codes used by CBTRUS and SEER. = These=20 code subgroup differences may explain a nearly two-fold difference in = reported=20 incidence in California compared to the nation, as reported by CBTRUS = [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR11">11</A></CITE>].=20 This is the first study to examine both malignant and benign PCNST in = California. California is a large, heavily populated state with a = diverse=20 ethnic, cultural, and socioeconomic population. This diversity is = reflected in=20 the CCR, and we were able to conduct robust analyses and make = comparisons that=20 few others can perform. The CCR=92s epidemiologic value stems from the = 1988=20 state-mandated comprehensive reporting of cancer cases from all = physicians,=20 hospitals, clinics, treatment facilities and pathology laboratories. = Because a=20 single standard is used for statewide data collection, quality = assurance, and=20 training and education for cancer registration, we acquire optimal case=20 ascertainment and a high level of accuracy for many data items. Our study and data source are not without limitations. This study was = conducted solely using the CCR and was not supplemented with other data. = The CCR=20 data are collected for the purpose of surveillance and can be less = detailed than=20 those derived from medical records to support the design of a specific = research=20 study. Population-based cancer registry data are derived from many = sources,=20 thus, the quality of some variables may vary. Individual-level social = indicators=20 are not available to the CCR. Our SES measure is a composite of = census-derived=20 data and is more efficient for data analysis, and it avoids biases = inherent in=20 the use of individual component indicators. Another potential source of = error is=20 the misclassification of cases. Despite a rigorous data review and = cleaning=20 process, cases could have been misclassified based on tumor behavior, = histology,=20 and/or anatomical site. Cancer surveillance identifies populations at greatest risk and which = of=20 their specific population attributes are associated with disease, = providing=20 valuable insights into disease etiology and prevention. This study of = California=20 PCNST establishes a foundation for future studies to examine age-group=20 differences (i.e., children and seniors), specific histologies (i.e.,=20 glioblastoma and pituitary tumors), risk factors, and incidence trends = over=20 time. </DIV> <DIV class=3DAcknowledgments><SPAN=20 class=3DAcknowledgmentsHeading>Acknowledgement Th= e=20 collection of cancer incidence data used in this study was supported by = the=20 California Department of Public Health as part of the statewide cancer = reporting=20 program mandated by California Health and Safety Code Sect. 103885; the = National=20 Cancer Institute=92s Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program = under=20 contract N01-PC-35136 awarded to the Northern California Cancer Center, = contract=20 N01-PC-35139 awarded to the University of Southern California, and = contract=20 N01-PC-54404 awarded to the Public Health Institute; and the Centers for = Disease=20 Control and Prevention=92s National Program of Cancer Registries, under = agreement=20 1U58DP00807-01 awarded to the Public Health Institute. The authors would = like to=20 thank Mark Allen, Research Scientist II, Winny Roshala, CTR, Quality = Control=20 Specialist II and Jennifer Dodge, MS, Research Scientist I, of the = California=20 Cancer Registry for their technical support and Dr. Erica Whitney of the = University of California, Davis and Cynthia Klutznick for their = editorial=20 guidance. <DIV class=3DFormalPara> <DIV><SPAN=20 style=3D"FONT-STYLE: italic; TEXT-DECORATION: = none">Disclaimer =20 The ideas and opinions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and=20 endorsement by the State of California, Department of Public Health the = National=20 Cancer Institute, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or = their=20 Contractors and Subcontractors is not intended nor should be inferred.=20 </DIV></DIV> <DIV class=3DFormalPara> <DIV>Open=20 Access This article is distributed under the terms of = the=20 Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any=20 noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, = provided the=20 original author(s) and source are credited. </DIV></DIV></DIV> <HR> <H2><A name=3DBib1></A>References </H2> <TABLE> <TBODY class=3DCitation> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>1.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR1></A>California Cancer Registry (CCR): Brain and = CNS Cancer=20 Incidence, 2001=962005. SEER*Stat Database: Incidence - = California, April=20 2008 (1988=962006), released April 2008. National Center for = Health=20 Statistics (NCHS) population estimates for 1990=962006; = Benchmarked=20 1988=961989. California Department of Finance (DOF) population = estimates=20 July 2007. California Department of Public Health, Chronic Disease = Surveillance an`d Research Section, generated by K. Bauer = </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>2.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR2></A>Kleihues P, Burger PC, Scheithauer BW (1993) = The new=20 WHO classification of brain tumours. Brain Pathol 3:255=96268. = doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3639.1993.tb00752.x">10.1111/j.1= 750-3639.1993.tb00752.x</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D8293185"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3639.1993.tb00752.x"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= AByuC383pvVU%253D&md5=3D9ed397b6ea9ae1ad9735a4b66f11741e"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>3.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR3></A>McCarthy BJ, Propp JM, Davis FG, Burger PC = (2008) Time=20 trends in oligodendroglial and astrocytic tumor incidence.=20 Neuroepidemiology 30:34=9644. doi:<A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000115440">10.1159/000115440</A> = <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D18259099"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000115440"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>4.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR4></A>U.S. Congress: Public Law 107=96260, Benign = Brain Tumor=20 Cancer Registries Amendment Act </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>5.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR5></A>U.S. Census Bureau: American Community Survey, = 2003=20 Summary Tables. Generated by Monica Brown; using American = FactFinder=20 </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>6.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR6></A>Cancer Reporting in California: Abstracting = and Coding=20 Procedures for Hospitals. California Cancer Reporting System = Standards,=20 Volume 1. Section II19, Determining Reportability, = Intracranial/CNS=20 Tumors. California Department of Public Health, Chronic Disease=20 Surveillance and Research Branch, Sacramento </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>7.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR7></A>Fritz A, Percy C, Jack A, Shanmugaratnam K, = Sobin L,=20 Parkin DM, Whelan S (eds) (2000) International classification of = diseases=20 for oncology: ICD-O. World Health Organization, Geneva </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>8.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR8></A>National Program of Central Cancer Registries = (NPCR).=20 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>9.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR9></A>Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results = (SEER)=20 Program. National Cancer Institute, DCCPS, Surveillance Research = Program,=20 Cancer Statistics Branch </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>10.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR10></A>Appendix V: Brain and CNS Site/Histology = Listing.=20 Cancer Reporting in California: Abstracting and Coding Procedures = for=20 Hospitals, California Cancer Reporting System Standards. = California=20 Department of Public Health, Chronic Disease Surveillance and = Research=20 Branch </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>11.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR11></A>CBTRUS Statistical Report: Primary Brain = Tumors in=20 the United States, 2000=962004. Central Brain Tumor Registry of = the United=20 States, 2008 </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>12.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR12></A>Stewart SL, Swallen KC, Glaser SL, Horn-Ross = PL, West=20 DW (1999) Comparison of methods for classifying Hispanic ethnicity = in a=20 population-based cancer registry. Am J Epidemiol = 149:1063=961071 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D10355383"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ADyaK1M3otFGitg%253D%253D&md5=3D5ce306f9e807f37047b4208d9d196289"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>13.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR13></A>Rural Urban Commuting Area Code US Department = of=20 Agriculture Economic Research Service, 2001, Washington, DC = </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>14.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR14></A>Rural Health Research Center (RHRC): The Use = of RUCAS=20 (Version 2.0) in Health Care. The University of Washington, WWAMI, = Center=20 for Health Workforce Studies, Seattle </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>15.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR15></A>Yost K, Perkins C, Cohen R, Morris C, Wright = W (2001)=20 Socioeconomic status and breast cancer incidence in California for = different race/ethnic groups. Cancer Causes Control 12:703=96711. = doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1011240019516">10.1023/A:101124001951= 6</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D11562110"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1011240019516" = target=3D_blank><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3DSpringerLink=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/springer_link= .gif"=20 width=3D108 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ADC%252BD3MrhsVantw%253D%253D&md5=3De55abb0e2e388ea58b0b821e7f717c71"= =20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>16.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR16></A>Fliess JL, Levin B, Paik MC (2003) = Statistical=20 methods for rates and proportions. Wiley, New York <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0471445428" target=3D_blank><IMG = border=3D0=20 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>17.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR17></A>Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results = (SEER)=20 Program Age-Adjusted Incidence Rates & 95% Confidence = Intervals for=20 Brain and Other Nervous System Cancer, All Ages SEER 17 Registries = for=20 2000=962004. In: Surveillance E, and End Results Program (ed). = National=20 Cancer Institute, DCCPS, Surveillance Research Program, Cancer = Statistics=20 Branch </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>18.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR18></A>Deorah S, Lynch CF, Sibenaller ZA, Ryken TC = (2006)=20 Trends in brain cancer incidence and survival in the United = States:=20 surveillance, epidemiology, and end results program, 1973 to 2001. = Neurosurg Focus 20:E1. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/foc.2006.20.4.1">10.3171/foc.2006.20.4.= 1</A>=20 </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>19.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR19></A>Howe HL, Wu X, Ries LA, Cokkinides V, Ahmed = F, Jemal=20 A, Miller B, Williams M, Ward E, Wingo PA, Ramirez A, Edwards BK = (2006)=20 Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, 1975=962003 = featuring=20 cancer among U.S. Hispanic/Latino populations. Cancer = 107:1711=961742.=20 doi:<A = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.22193">10.1002/cncr.22193</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D16958083"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.22193"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>20.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR20></A>Canto MT, Chu KC (2000) Annual cancer = incidence rates=20 for Hispanics in the United States: surveillance, epidemiology, = and end=20 results, 1992=961996. Cancer 88:2642=962652. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(20000601)88:11%3c2642::AID-CN= CR29%3e3.0.CO;2-S">10.1002/1097-0142(20000601)88:11<2642::AID-CNCR29&g= t;3.0.CO;2-S</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D10861444"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(20000601)88:11%3C2642::AID-CN= CR29%3E3.0.CO;2-S"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ADC%252BD3cvisFyqtg%253D%253D&md5=3Dcc3a5ea813becfe3d0c0c9522d97fc82"= =20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>21.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR21></A>Robertson JT, Gunter BC, Somes GW (2002) = Racial=20 differences in the incidence of gliomas: a retrospective study = from=20 Memphis, Tennessee. Br J Neurosurg 16:562=96566 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D12617237"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ADC%252BD3s7gsVagsg%253D%253D&md5=3Da0a0f2b1f524eba8f3317cd002dfd7a8"= =20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>22.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR22></A>Davis FG, Malinski N, Haenszel W, Chang J, = Flannery=20 J, Gershman S, Dibble R, Bigner DD (1996) Primary brain tumor = incidence=20 rates in four United States regions, 1985=961989: a pilot study.=20 Neuroepidemiology 15:103=96112. doi:<A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000109895">10.1159/000109895</A> = <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D8684582"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000109895"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ABymB28%252FovFI%253D&md5=3D5fc8b9a0f90c620bd0e338d94fa7fa08"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>23.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR23></A>Polednak AP, Flannery JT (1995) Brain, other = central=20 nervous system, and eye cancer. Cancer 75:330=96337. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(19950101)75:1+%3c330::AID-CNC= R2820751315%3e3.0.CO;2-5">10.1002/1097-0142(19950101)75:1+<330::AID-CN= CR2820751315>3.0.CO;2-5</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D8001004"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(19950101)75:1+%3C330::AID-CNC= R2820751315%3E3.0.CO;2-5"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= AByqD1Mvht10%253D&md5=3Dfa62a1a9657c6e3b065afa3e6b42bfeb"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>24.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR24></A>Fan KJ, Pezeshkpour GH (1992) Ethnic = distribution of=20 primary central nervous system tumors in Washington, DC, 1971 to = 1985. J=20 Natl Med Assoc 84:858=96863 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D1404461"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= AByyD387itVI%253D&md5=3Da3a4ee1be086072105f428b36b2d95c0"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>25.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR25></A>Fan KJ, Kovi J, Earle KM (1977) The ethnic=20 distribution of primary central nervous system tumors: AFIP, 1958 = to 1970.=20 J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 36:41=9649. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005072-197701000-00005">10.1097/00005= 072-197701000-00005</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D188996"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005072-197701000-00005"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ACSiD1MngtlU%253D&md5=3Da2f6d8a04b8519c25a7967d7889c01dd"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>26.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR26></A>Choi NW, Schuman LM, Gullen WH (1970) = Epidemiology of=20 primary central nervous system neoplasms. I. mortality from = primary=20 central nervous system neoplasms in Minnesota. Am J Epidemiol=20 91:238=96259 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D4313251"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ACS%252BC3MzislY%253D&md5=3D2bfe174bda79f70040357250a9c1f54a"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>27.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR27></A>Heshmat MY, Kovi J, Simpson C, Kennedy J, Fan = KJ=20 (1976) Neoplasms of the central nervous system. Incidence and = population=20 selectivity in the Washington DC, metropolitan area. Cancer = 38:2135=962142.=20 doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(197611)38:5%3c2135::AID-CNCR2= 820380543%3e3.0.CO;2-T">10.1002/1097-0142(197611)38:5<2135::AID-CNCR28= 20380543>3.0.CO;2-T</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D991126"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(197611)38:5%3C2135::AID-CNCR2= 820380543%3E3.0.CO;2-T"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ACSiD2cnovFI%253D&md5=3D69b6ae6f4cb2005c39d7e0aad7fd6e02"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>28.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR28></A>Preston-Martin S, Henderson BE, Peters JM = (1982)=20 Descriptive epidemiology of central nervous system neoplasms in = Los=20 Angeles County. Ann N Y Acad Sci 381:202=96208. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1982.tb50386.x">10.1111/j.1= 749-6632.1982.tb50386.x</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D6953791"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1982.tb50386.x"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ABi2B38bitVQ%253D&md5=3Dc96533964f59e71e0527815708955a63"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>29.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR29></A>Kuratsu J, Ushio Y (1996) Epidemiological = study of=20 primary intracranial tumors: a regional survey in Kumamoto = prefecture in=20 the southern part of Japan. J Neurosurg 84:946=96950 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D8847588"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ABymB3sjotlI%253D&md5=3Dfb4d8b6be14bc80b01fdeb6596099feb"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>30.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR30></A>Kepes JJ, Chen WY, Pang LC, Kepes M (1984) = Tumors of=20 the central nervous system in Taiwan, Republic of China. Surg = Neurol=20 22:149=96156. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0090-3019(84)90043-0">10.1016/0090-3019= (84)90043-0</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D6740478"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0090-3019(84)90043-0" = target=3D_blank><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ABiuB2M%252FmtFA%253D&md5=3Ddb63c7b20c4d4fbbf094a189c06bd0f9"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>31.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR31></A>Ho-cheong H (1979) Intracranial tumours among = Chinese=20 in Hong Kong. Surg Neurol 12:317=96318 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D524248"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ABi%252BC3czmsVw%253D&md5=3Df003c2f8bde6bb03adf9da0b29ff34c3"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>32.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR32></A>Cheng MK (1982) Brain tumors in the = People=92s Republic=20 of China: a statistical review. Neurosurgery 10:16=9621 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D7057973"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ABi2C38rns1Q%253D&md5=3De7ad8e312eba6a5583e5ccc078a34682"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>33.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR33></A>Inskip PD, Tarone RE, Hatch EE, Wilcosky TC, = Fine HA,=20 Black PM, Loeffler JS, Shapiro WR, Selker RG, Linet MS (2003)=20 Sociodemographic indicators and risk of brain tumours. Int J = Epidemiol=20 32:225=96233. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyg051">10.1093/ije/dyg051</A> = <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D12714541"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyg051"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>34.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR34></A>Barker DJ, Weller RO, Garfield JS (1976) = Epidemiology=20 of primary tumours of the brain and spinal cord: a regional survey = in=20 southern England. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 39:290=96296. = doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.39.3.290">10.1136/jnnp.39.3.290</A= >=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D932744"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.39.3.290"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ADyaE283hs1KmsA%253D%253D&md5=3D621de4ae398a317b6be52032d6569f35"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>35.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR35></A>Bauchet L, Rigau Vr, Mathieu-Daude′ = Hln,=20 Figarella-Branger D, Hugues D, Palusseau L, Bauchet F, Fabbro M, = Campello=20 C, Capelle L, Durand A, Tre′tarre B, Frappaz D, Henin D, = Menei P, Honnorat=20 Jr, Segnarbieux Fo (2007) French brain tumor data bank: = methodology and=20 first results on 10,000 cases. J Neurooncol </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>36.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR36></A>Surawicz TS, McCarthy BJ, Kupelian V, Jukich = PJ,=20 Bruner JM, Davis FG (1999) Descriptive epidemiology of primary = brain and=20 CNS tumors: results from the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the = United=20 States, 1990=961994. Neuro-oncol 1:14=9625 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D11554386"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ADC%252BD3MrgsFyjsg%253D%253D&md5=3D9dc1698d84d479c96fed5516a1c5617b"= =20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>37.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR37></A>Hoffman S, Propp JM, McCarthy BJ (2006) = Temporal=20 trends in incidence of primary brain tumors in the United States,=20 1985=961999. Neuro-oncol 8:27=9637. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/S1522851705000323">10.1215/S15228517050= 00323</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D16443945"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/S1522851705000323" = target=3D_blank><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>38.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR38></A>Fisher JL, Schwartzbaum JA, Wrensch M, = Wiemels JL=20 (2007) Epidemiology of brain tumors. Neurol Clin 25:867=96890 = vii <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D17964019"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ncl.2007.07.002" = target=3D_blank><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>39.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR39></A>Dobec-Meic B, Pikija S, Cvetko D, Trkulja V, = Pazanin=20 L, Kudelic N, Rotim K, Pavlicek I, Kostanjevec AR (2006) = Intracranial=20 tumors in adult population of the Varazdin County (Croatia) = 1996=962004: a=20 population-based retrospective incidence study. J Neurooncol = 78:303=96310.=20 doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11060-005-9100-2">10.1007/s11060-005-9= 100-2</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D16598428"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11060-005-9100-2" = target=3D_blank><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3DSpringerLink=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/springer_link= .gif"=20 width=3D108 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>40.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR40></A>Cote TR, Manns A, Hardy CR, Yellin FJ, Hartge = P=20 (1996) Epidemiology of brain lymphoma among people with or without = acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. AIDS/Cancer Study Group. J = Natl Cancer=20 Inst 88:675=96679. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/88.10.675">10.1093/jnci/88.10.675<= /A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D8627644"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/88.10.675"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ABymB3Mfot1Q%253D&md5=3D5d2ea064e4ce2c6520b25c9152a70e07"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>41.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR41></A>Clarke CA, Undurraga DM, Harasty PJ, Glaser = SL,=20 Morton LM, Holly EA (2006) Changes in cancer registry coding for = lymphoma=20 subtypes: reliability over time and relevance for surveillance and = study.=20 Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 15:630=96638. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-05-0549">10.1158/1055-996= 5.EPI-05-0549</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D16614102"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-05-0549" = target=3D_blank><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>42.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR42></A>Pobereskin LH, Chadduck JB (2000) Incidence = of brain=20 tumours in two English counties: a population based study. J = Neurol=20 Neurosurg Psychiatry 69:464=96471. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.69.4.464">10.1136/jnnp.69.4.464</A= >=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D10990505"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.69.4.464"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ADC%252BD3M%252Fht1Ohtg%253D%253D&md5=3D6edb0303e8e4e1c08347f1c563730= 9f2"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>43.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR43></A>Christensen HC, Kosteljanetz M, Johansen C = (2003)=20 Incidences of gliomas, meningiomas in Denmark, 1943 to 1997. = Neurosurgery=20 52:1327=961333 discussion 1333=961324 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D12762878"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.NEU.0000064802.46759.53"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>44.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR44></A>Castillo MS, Davis FG, Surawicz T, Bruner JM, = Bigner=20 S, Coons S, Bigner DD (2004) Consistency of primary brain tumor = diagnoses=20 and codes in cancer surveillance systems. Neuroepidemiology = 23:85=9693.=20 doi:<A = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000073980">10.1159/000073980</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D14739573"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000073980"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>45.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR45></A>Bruner JM, Inouye L, Fuller GN, Langford LA = (1997)=20 Diagnostic discrepancies and their clinical impact in a = neuropathology=20 referral practice. Cancer 79:796=96803. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19970215)79:4%3c796::AI= D-CNCR17%3e3.0.CO;2-V">10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19970215)79:4<796::AID-= CNCR17>3.0.CO;2-V</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D9024718"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19970215)79:4%3C796::AI= D-CNCR17%3E3.0.CO;2-V"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= AByiC2sjhs1I%253D&md5=3Dfe207632b88f945d27096578225f5d54"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>46.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR46></A>(1989) Intraobserver reproducibility in = assigning=20 brain tumors to classes in the World Health Organization = diagnostic=20 scheme. The Childhood Brain Tumor Consortium J Neurooncol = 7:211=96224 </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>47.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR47></A>Prayson RA, Agamanolis DP, Cohen ML, Estes = ML,=20 Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK, Abdul-Karim F, McClure SP, Sebek BA, = Vinay R=20 (2000) Interobserver reproducibility among neuropathologists and = surgical=20 pathologists in fibrillary astrocytoma grading. J Neurol Sci = 175:33=9639.=20 doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-510X(00)00274-4">10.1016/S0022-51= 0X(00)00274-4</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D10785254"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-510X(00)00274-4" = target=3D_blank><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ADC%252BD3c3kslensg%253D%253D&md5=3D071159b2d0946bae0ab6db242e3bdd39"= =20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>48.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR48></A>Bray F, Guilloux A, Sankila R, Parkin DM = (2002)=20 Practical implications of imposing a new world standard = population. Cancer=20 Causes Control 13:175=96182. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1014344519276">10.1023/A:101434451927= 6</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D11936824"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1014344519276" = target=3D_blank><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3DSpringerLink=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/springer_link= .gif"=20 width=3D108 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>49.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR49></A>Anderson RN, Rosenberg HM (1998) Age = standardization=20 of death rates: implementation of the year standard 2000. Natl = Vital Stat=20 Rep 47:1=9616 20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ADyaK1M%252Fht1eguw%253D%253D&md5=3D97e9017754014a8f4f2bc07b87b4bf3f"= =20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>50.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR50></A>North American Association of Central Cancer=20 Registries (NAACCR). NAACCR </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>51.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR51></A>Davis FG, McCarthy BJ (2001) Current = epidemiological=20 trends and surveillance issues in brain tumors. Expert Rev = Anticancer Ther=20 1:395=96401. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/14737140.1.3.395">10.1586/14737140.1.3.= 395</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D12113106"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/14737140.1.3.395" = target=3D_blank><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ADC%252BD38zmvVKitQ%253D%253D&md5=3D7147fa3d624748ee38ba67fc30b95797"= =20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>52.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR52></A>Louis DN, Ohgaki H, Wiestler OD, Cavenee WK = (eds)=20 (2007) WHO classification of tumours of the central nervous = system. WHO=20 Press, Geneva </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></BODY></HTML> ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C9C8B3.95D623B0 Content-Type: image/gif Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/contact.gif R0lGODdhDgAKAKIAAP////r7v+rrl8TFDKOkAH1+AElKAAAAACwAAAAADgAKAAADLWi63AQwynEM KCLrXEgFAraFgmdxm2iCpdhla8mpZRUQo0aYw+7/u8phSCwSEwA7 ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C9C8B3.95D623B0 Content-Type: image/gif Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/MediaObjects/11060_2009_9864_Fig1_HTML.gif R0lGODlhYAJqAfcAAAEBAQwMDBQUFBoaGiIiIisrKzQ0NDs7OzcANAAAdQEBfAgJfAsLaikUaXUA AHwAAHgMC2wECmghK30BfXcDd20IcU0Kb0JCQkxMTFRUVFxcXGZmZmpqamlmaXR0dHt7e312dmp2 aWJRawQEggsLhQgBhRwcjRQUiRUVjCsrlSUlkzs7nTQ0mSopkSojkmYUnUhIo1dXq1VYsGxrtWRk snd4u25rsFlSpHp6wn6FmIIEBIULC4UIDooUFI0bG4UTE48QG5USLpIkJJUrK5coKZ07O5ozM44q KqE4NqA9QKMlSKQdYaJDQ6VLS6tXWK1YU7NnZ717e7p0dKxtbphUWatXTYUHhY0bjYkUiZcDl5Ua lJIkkpUrlZoqmZkzmZ07nZY2l5Erjq0Era4yrqAqnZ8K0JlGmaVLpaNFo61bralUqbVPsrZstrNl sr58vrl0uatqq5NeoMwQmNAK0P4B/v4L/vUB9f4T/v4c/vUX9esM7P4k/v4s/vgl8/4z/v07/Okt 69cX09Jw0v5E/v5M/vVG9v5T/v5b/vNX8u1Q6v5o/f5z/v57/vZ99upx6d1azsllkreDboWFhYmJ iYWLiZWVlZycnJSalY+QjqKioqurq6SoobW1tb6+vri4tbmtuaSMo4iIxJeXy5KTyqys1qSl0rS0 2ru73be50KqLz73GvbzE1cSIiM6cnMqUlMyblsqlldSoqN68vNmzs8qpqeO5ucWMxcKEwsuYy9CX 0Nas1tKl0tu328uwyv6E/v6L/vWB9f6T/v6b/vOU8+eN5/6j/v6s/vOn8/60/v68/vGw8eez6Ne6 5MrAveHCv8PDw8vLy8jKyNPT093d3dvV0dPJ0MfH49TU6tzc7dTT6dPW6OPIyOrT0+3b2+jc1ujH 1+XL5ePE4u3c7ejU6P7D/v7M/v7T/v7b/vTX9PXU6eXl5ezs7Orj6uPj8evr9efm8vLk5PXs7PPr 5vHk8fXs9f7j/v7s/vDu+PT09PPz+fr09Pz0/P7+/vb8++348OPi5yH5BAAAAAAALAAAAABgAmoB AAj+APkJHEiwoEGB+voh7KfvoMOHECNKnEixosWLGDNq3Mixo8ePIEOKHEmypMmTKFOqXMmypcuX MGPKnEmzps2bBDll+IAPX4cMGTjhHEq0qNGjSJMqXVqUUwAOAjRIE/DhQyemWLNq3cq1q9evHDtJ 4geU04Fp+AgmBMu2rdu3cOPKpShtQABplgDYFTq3r9+/gAMLXrmO3zoMF/hN43fggMB1lSZpuEC5 suXLmDNr3sy5s+fPoEOLHk26tOnTqFOrXs26tevXsGPLnq35wNWM+AhwwGcAgwcN6wpoEIivk1MP liopT668uXPmlaA7jz59OnTpz6tn385dO3bv2pv+M/8uPvxy8+XNj1ePnrz19ufDu48Pnz11+fXp d6++Hr/9/ODdF6B/8813X4EA+qegewZep+CADOYX4X8T8ldJJgZMslEmdhmgTicEBHCAOmoNAM1g KKao4oos1qQQBxpupE9aCNFIED4m8qNPQ/woxONAPDakkEII6SiQjwX1MySRPDJ5pJFqFTnkQlBO +WOVPSq5ZJM9Qqmjkl2CSSSWSAL5pJZbnullQlOKaWaYXpKpZZZclvllm1MWCeeVdc6pZJ1ruumm nlZGmWWUa7n5I5th5klmnH2KyZCaiwrqKKB8njmnjkHCuRCeXRLaZaaNSoqpmWsdWiSXVx4KJpb+ WLba6aWxJrmkqLUaKmSoRrJa0FodxCjSmD3m2OKxyCar7LISbSCsSfrkSKxXY5LqKK/Ethqqk3a+ KSqxY2ZrEJHcxqnntwSFa2i6TxrZ7bmPDqSut/K2u6u21oZ6Jbn1sqvvqAblC26/8LZbLr6GXjuv pv0eHHDCvGK7LsHMcqSQsylFe2LFHHfs8cdudTAWSv3kqC1T61iSycost+zyyzDHLPPMNNds8804 56zzzjz37PPPQAct9NBAb2LJbSBX9OLIJ0UbTVcNabJBJ5pUbfXVWGet9dZcd+3112CHLfbYZJdt 9tlfb4L22my37fbbXVuigY1JUyRySvkY25X+JpaYW/ffgBe1Dk+BT8QB09DqzRXf7qbq7pe9+ii5 kPjMmhCrDQXJUEI9UXn55grt83jmZbKJZKKZRw5k6ftYmc9al0Meez+ip077l5cziqSfO/LTeqq7 Ivn7ocFjTuTr/VS+O+TLk87Q6a4+nzmjkf++vJ+jy467kJNy/6fkpfuevPJ7Xi9l7ABPqqTyle95 fvfNP66OB3QX7tAGiJekMdT7MH6y/QAMoErW4YHCCPAgGCOZ4rIiOqNFDCOdmIQ0FIOJq/yJH/iw BIn0ITp2qaMSfOFEJTY4KXVYIoNXgd2TmpQqNGFQGvXTSMoy0RARkghy07CE8wySw8hoQkj+jGqd uypxoh0x6V0cEWFkKiG5VW1OXjzSxDMgd5BOjJAf0MDEiS4ImX5wYhML6WDqENIp2EHDgB3JxyaU M4kT7SNIpPsRkjK4GA4e5IOVwIQGybg6HlXiaZyqFrEIGMMD8iOBTRvA06a1FIU4MEmtE507SpEP 3/Wog0TaAAA+wI8PAGA4BFEHADTxQCNxAgACwMc6BgAAvgxEEwBQBwYqUUqKTAMAGzNIB42xCEb4 8hcdtKRAbhkAtLByigIRXV5u6JBNAOACGNhkRPRxgExwBBy82Icu9LELeiSzXgUIAGIw8D+IEKAD ETkAAGipSU6O6RmxBAEoZRgApBHvUNz+YIUr4JGlCw4zAAXAgAGseRFRkpKRCjnlATAgAAMUkiAH 6BsjDUJANBrSSIhMXBG78kiH5GMFCYhBJR2igQBsgB8eCMBwMpGBDUhDlJzQhwcywMR6nbIA0YBG OGP6gZ0UJ5aT4EQ/NKGBSdDPEzaIhFT4YYkMdGCCkfHAbjy5gYcK5BB0yCod9hBMgkgDoJ6QhgEA 8LSecnITAVBlT3VoJlgWJgMGUAwHMkBKSRh1qVbhRyaK+gECYmIDHGCmQ8axBTZ8AQ1f6CpBCOCB nOxEH+r4gGQ28YEOLKYTGtAAKXXDD0081iAHoMo+NCDNSWQgsNKIpSYuwY9nZMAGHtD+BDQkq4Gr SGOufcuEJD6gAXWc8gKLeYgsdOAABwihGw5RRwDAqJD5ZaBvk5CEVDnhrNZV4rTTgKlMnxslp5Ao E7FUxwboyg9O7BavV2nqJJ66CaMGdiCEvGhBMlqSvOVSK46UqD5OQQpSmKK/pFiBAhagABj8t7// PYXoMkCADEBjAw2ehgE+QIACwDQDBZCEABr7I00IIAOTwEQG6mmJAtgAABuA5zQGIAlRYiBE65DE JwkwogN4gABxzQAAOBCA2G7yR/UwhpCFjIw/aJUOeBjykMvBj69eoBKb0HE0UDFhAEjCrQcwgIbd +UoAEIAAVuZHAWzcygsAwAMFGID+ci2R2gwMQM0BGEBKMVAQXujiznf+BhsmYAUr4MLOgNYFLwQy 1nBWohM9JoBLAZABM2cgKvq4wHgBsA4CWCXRw7mSAQqwgWhogCrRmLAAMJBadTR6GiIi7QdgqYED BGAdP9FkJzywYxp3AgAdKIxCuhGLWfja10ZwgA6I+wRZ9NrXseAGP5QrABx7AwMF8ORezxwAAWjS EtCwdAEsPEoMfyAAGhrTKSuM60pjwJMiRDGO+REAEH7SzJ3QJI9P2pCKyvdJ9CVJyQC5FdExjh/u gEEKUsACgqtAAQoYAcIHPnAWqECk/EDMbzyAAXJOYhIXUDMAMCGiDYy5XpoIAG/+OfBtT/gjEpQY QAaiEUsCTMISAegsAPyh4X5oWB8X3zQ/KLNzDOCDrMIkBx+GPnQ/3OHIdSA6H/ywB0UoxsqZnUQA oqEOEEjdA2h9RsdpDPJWSuMDBYDlBT7tgbHLXB0CsISGmfrqdqN0AFCaBxq4QHcvgMELZHjBBLDw Bbr7nQtqaAgBMBCNTszvkwYwwK1fGssNxFUTlQXANCxN1QI4tCDCmSvY6SfZAlwgtevIAAacuSPG npIft56GWNDNgQLwQxIaFwqRWuEDIxBhCLgftu57YATc414Ir1g2AGzgjGjc8gAbsHaje84PxvJj EpU4AJwrkWqVC1Pmsu2AAZz+iYHke4D6z495u1vdZABg1jGI6VJ87y2QfI9kfxNdCuMUO5BRIHwB pHhIxTMRgExcgK4A8AwbMH0DoAHP8AGVgA/QEEUBwAmWpwoAoAohMABihQHQEEsDMAmwpA8yhg81 B3ZSBw0YFnGJAU0/Z08HgVVaxQf093SacAEHcErUgGErtmp38UkHOEITFDWUhnoAwH8f8Awc0AkG MBzOhHbJAQAoFQCi1DcdQAAQsSNtgAVUuAsP4XwN8W1W1EYAIA2l1mqpZQnLZGlSZ0WSoA/SgEYF ACMC4IAfoGHSAIOgJ3oyKA89Bks+WBdD2Eo31kkaR0oOoRCs4AAP8AAOEAv+B9EPdrgJ9fYUz+AB nJB+C8UPA/ABnmB+A6hclTAAHBANWKcOi5FQsaRXAOBMktAJHcAJUvd6AsBuldABcHdr57dziVFv 9MN+7fcsJbFvXeFvfRNM4DIKJJB/mFQviHGB0PB/twZXA3BLIgRQA+AJt3ZDsKQOXyZKVrRjAbBy GMhJBjAA4TQ4MUdhsMRgUMhzkwgABWBRBqEIdHAHR+cHiiU6qdUJApVa0pBSJdUBzoQPkyAAafYM HeB6CgFLX7aNKAWQBSBhGUCKaIcJYlZhAiBKtASLEbELXsALarALXDAPDqFoRqIOBkAAA1AJ+HhL 6tBqaHcAZiYNjLUOm1b+kvxQigOhG7A0eR8AXgN4AHPoGCOmTqumhIt3AIo2Sk/YSRM5AAKwg7ai I1DQA0LgCp4yEKIERmmhYd8oDRjgGDxXiReoAWkGU9SXldBkSl4GZuj0aQVAANMgCePYiuCmDmmm Tp0AV7RoJPEVfwCEPxljMlvREA6kl/vwDi04EF6oD1PkhU1meNCAD9FQGNPgCYuxDmfxGNGAhtOg D4/JDzk1DTD0DPoADeqAD5rACTyGD+pwIurwNNLAmP3gmU02QdJwmRBRD+dwm+dQDw6hmagpDYiZ Fp0ADZ65DrTZmpc1T8TZCcFJI61JIsJpGNHQD1RHmtQlAKFJIqkZEfT+0BDeRA+F+Zzw1QkThA/P gA/9AJqw+SHT0JjSsBgfAg0XA4hNNppP85zQ8AypSZ764Jn90AmZsAkCAAKoh0GXWRzrCYoTlJ2q x44HAQ/xEIWbaZiGF5tNRg38UA2LIQ34CZ+b2ZzlxTTr8AzKKQ1E4qHZmZ1Utw5VUwnmpw6yOUGP cYu46H7DskBa4UDldBLTQFAZIQ1EOQB9wxXKuRGiEw0/ak166SI3koAagQ/mOCJywQkwKhHxJ1Yk iU4OYW8zqosk4TRf0VEPkaTTBEkFkySr4i/LZiNc8kZoOhLXciRipCavQi9H4iQBM5ou4Ti4oiZj en1xMi3rwKD8Qqf+KMEl7VIvjgIm/7MoB9Eq61A/V7J+8tUQNBoS++MVgYmLmjoRYmo/knpvlQoS JbNRWhE1fZOjSNGpu3kTnaqqhxoSrkqkGjFRC5MUrhqriPoQn2pIF8Ol76dIXxqkmzqsxHoQWsp+ ofoR9gU1/IAKGLBbVRGt0jqt1Fqt1nqt2Jqt2rqt3Nqt3vqt4Bqu4jqu5Fqu5nqu6FquUoWq9pOs HuGlXwGK0zCv8yqv9Gqv9Uqv+aqv+Jpd+uqv/Pqv+/qv/TqwAUuwB3uvCJuwBquwDAuwDiuwEPuw DVux9OoN2PCw/bqxCxuxDcuxAluwE+uxJDuxIEuyJ6uxHWuxFiv+si4rsVYFQA0BI315X8V6szib s1nBlwr0NOyKFfGHRPVSTkL7qmXqN0jbKgiFtCt0EUULMH36K406tYlYtUTLtFBrtWH6MFwrtV1r tFk7LlgbiFj7tISatFRLMex3ODWrs277tnBrEy/iqyJxqXF7t3ibtybBsycxqrWkt4AbuIL7EDRb qMBamIObuIp7t5SaP/oGrIsbuZKbt2xruFs0uZibuTdbuX2bI4iruaAbun/Tq33Jb6J7uqgLOJyr UWObuq77uilCuj0Lu7Rbu8fCt6xru7q7u/oQBU0ABcj1FpRKtxXRO2XKi7ubvLTrBIToAETwoHBR uIlkuspbvaH+2w0+8ADD9gCIiKtJgbsYIQ0gJBDii4LwZ73oq7nd0AO6x71/yxXgaxHQAJBWNg3N 1oDbYqPpu7+D2xDMW1w6YATb4BYKESwbQVRkcQGSAIUH0JBAArlVSxHeK7Y0McFu2hGxmsFKg8FK WsEcLMEbDMIWQxTwIARN8LvcEAU7AAW7ArZkGxETTC4DU7XuChE+ehcakGNxNRA4Qqr8+8OBqw9G AAUFwQ1IIASyMKddcTcboaIZlsMR5xjLtlsmlVTcOgXp6q1YnMXgusVc/MXU6sVZLMZgbK1kXMbY esZoPMZgrMZrXBVunK42EK2UIAEQEAnS6gGT8AF2fARTkAP+b6zFGkAFHkAJHhDHklAAEJkR+oAB 1rSVlUAA+lCER+Kibbianimy89qe06ANmSyxnumvnEyv7YmgmlzKnsnJniyxqEzKovyvqPxSoBzL qjzLExvLsCzKp/zK+hrLmhzKnfzJoBzKpjzMtSzLrMzLrlzMyYygtdzMvazMm6zLtuzM87rKAtvK 04yguczM2SzNxCzMyRzMyFzN4vzN5LzL3BzN3tzNqXzN5rzMwCzPF0sN3uAN2TUFPiAN2Kyv67AN TRABU6AOvzzMpKzO87zN99oJ7OsAEOAJGTvMoUe8EtEBeiEAhkcAAjAAyIQQiqTEEAHSKyHSLkHS jWTBMIz+0haj0h9h0krh0hsB0yYh0zLyJLPQA9sgprHgA1TATzUxBcKmAxBAxEHLD6sbvhO6bJ0Q XDwMrLcawxhcqyIc01LNqR/stElqwTRNwVSttla90l5NpVdtETCt1VAN1i4Mw2mrENuwA63QTxEs D0+wA6zA1W3KyP7SD0mgvTrwAExwqK1SwxyBI9QLxIbttvogBFKwwbNQewP8s1fdD63ABD0Q1A5Q 1w8xsxQ9EXLUqPp72KBNrEXQBE7bI1CwA1IA2R7BDVIgBEMQBd3wlD1AxM3iuL+6SKGd25uqEFAg BKptENswBEhMRW46C0ngA0UwC2MCDz4tEUf9uG6k29L+zX6u8APByxGssMIPytIGAQ9SMAQ+IAXK RjCoOrcpgbzTnd4BpBDDNQutG9ICwQ1F4AOIGNPyIgtO0ANM0ApVTRHx+6s+rN4C/jfrK5Ui0Qo9 0ATIhdLxwArgDQUDnNYVIb25O+AWnjT6QARELaoCIQ9OsAMG3qoD4QxOUHuu8Ntj+t81WtgX3uLL 0gRFgBKNXQQDPKgEEw+uUAQ94AQRriof8dwA/r4uPuQowgo+AL1NAwU6wApKOybcAAU+MAT7FNb2 TeG76LlEnuUqohCxsAM9PtMCsQ1CQAQ5HQusEOH60ApJsOPurRIqbqkQrOVyLhjboAPdqxJDEgVQ WYj+OhAFRk4EUiAPLSHYMuKXc37ofREPQhAFQn7BrhDUxJXcnU0yh7TZHoHeiJ7pcDHaMMHluqcD O6Bs3G0Rmt22mn7qYKEQTkAEKB4S8FDZhmgEjV4Sby6qcY7quK4VrtAD1x0Ts0AE+t3rLgHkdXvr uX7sSTELOyALcivoMWHelovs0n4Uu/YDUjnqbVHrLX24097tOKEPQ0DbzGLlXSot3n7uNAHjFdO4 5/3Z6P7uKdHaSD7utr3i8H7vLNEKOjDezALt04vvAH8Sbe3e2A4X2v6uhh7wCu8Rr17XrR4YhK4R y7rwFM8RQvwEHyO7ncviFd/x8O0Esv4xpR7tHl/+8mrNCj3Q3B9z8B3hpQVv8tM+CzrA7HVD7LCK 5TCf8/3QDfDADT1w7SDj7zNt7Dnf8frQBDrAvov98n3B8haf8EVP8QohBYRIXJj9N+Qe5FHf8UTC vMPmAH9dN+w+u1uv8D8iD0bO1w6w9Fhf73Bus2WP7k4O5Uag5oVoBCqfNFlf7E/zuXF/6sQyC03Q A0/Q5vEwC7Lw8Czi9DFN9H8v7ThOBEIAvIbUEEz874r/+C3eDVLgA0Rw4nUqL0wPGDb/1XyUJI6v +XM+JrLwBPrd5vdWwJbeET2s+oAvEPHQCkYw29c9+i3C+AcxCWvYExewaQfl0bht+1q+3J1PBKz+ gOS+fyylHxEsuokuNQBVM6U64u7KL+CsX+JMoNzJFP0tovEY8YpkYQCaYABS+ivc3/25vSn9EAvz 7QT8Tv7IUsBuTxHVrwngCAAAYYnfQH74BkTTp48gwX4LGxJUuJBfRH4PKzK0yFDjwH4ZJ0qkCPGi RJIDQ5ocWRIkSYoWXXpM+ZLkw4YnP8JUaVMhzpI6Zzpc6JMnTZUoV/IEutFo0JQSiRYVWpRo1KJM j1a1mrXhPocP8cVita0jPFZGjkSBxxHpx6tYl4pcm1UkR6Udf9JVe7cmy6Y/N0xyW7UDAIHr1PHD cGDgOkkeAmyw8cHDBxAfLFuufJmyZs6cM2f+7qz5c2jSpTlPlqwZtenLqFenZo1ZNuvRpkHHtuxa Ne7cvVuXfi3aM+/Jt3/vJg67s3HjwDd3Dh7cdPDmrHUfx33dN+nb1Y88cPCASZEdESR8oGSjsvHX 0klrVx4bvvvQtW3PLl19+nZJBQAHLkkSAD54RhoNDOhkgA4q2kcddQTwRB5vHKSwQgsvxDBDDTfk sEMPPwQxRBFHJLFEE09EMUUVV2SxRQ//+cefVhzQoUYHntjGH8O8mdBFH38EMkN9NPgPQIk2IMCA ATRQ54Il8QlqAGgAjMtIK526Mkstt+SySy+/VApMMaUas0wzz3SroVlorPGBtOZCM0455Wz+qANJ xOTJoGj6mrNPP/8ENFBBByW0UC1xsksfKGgErwibDIV00IY4KNJLnvQ5KFJNN+W0U08/BbXLh2Lx oQhXhvChiW5CZfXMDe6cE9M9q2y1VltvxTVXTx/qpokeXDEJHlp1JbbOStHsJ1Nil2W2WWef3TLR KHpwQp63oMX21T4xnfJRbL8FN1xxDX1oFiGIkOWuca3kKlIOYKVTynXnpbdee7/stQdWhr03VG1j VbZfgQcmONyH9GGF2jf5FbicYIQR5hdh6hlUIUq3lbdgjTfmGNdaiEAXr45J4uoXOk4+mZxC/+oz 2W5Hhjlmmed8CB4ndmDF25n5CQZlOur+MEdSflgGeM+dj0Y6aSoHSrgJbipiWGNhfKbjkGKClqjd OImWM5+MlQY7bLC3GUKIWUQOmxGqBxlkDzwGWcQYc7Q+syGiT4oaqq/F5rtvjuWBYgcpdE5aEZTr +DnoepLxxRA+9vCDEEaModhVeOPk1m/NN++3lR6YeDrvgrkyhw8+kimHHNXJoXugxRvnAw8/DPGF cjGJlmaDAQIQ4ABN8Nybc+GHX/ahbYroIRbOfaljES3rMYYRQ/zYYw9DfjHmHIIGoQMPPOowxC2W 8TEAgAMwuEAAADwBU1Y+iYc/fkhdGiiewKHYye96BrkjmS/3MUf02saH2QVjDz4bRFX+FMIyaABA GgsxgAbYwqXMEU5+F8SgnPQhize1olRPe9+83pGPLRUDfK0TkzmKsQhCIA5lCcQKAx0IQQmKbiFe m1IGdbjDOcnCBzrYASSe0INWbEwUI6BBluphiDoYYyAo3BIU/XAyxMFQJXYDjD7KZ4ADHEB9nQBT sozGQzKW0Uv6GEJ4HhCBJ8TDiCQYgQKSaCRj4IEQ2usTV6b4QvH9Rx0cKIAABoABTogpczY0YyJ3 CA9G6cAByrPguLBhAgUsYAEJKEVg9qGIOghDUL44hCIUcYhf9HEg6ujAAAAQgAuwL4wBU2QsZdkT IzxgB+BxRgjX1ZB+wCABcYSBO9z+Ug7ZYa1W2iKf+dCnvkJ+qYKzhCY09VEEHTxAB6zYWD9ooIIY jIAEK4AiQfaxiDr4IlcyfCBBDlBDSwUvmu8k4zRVNQsQDowr71iBCrDBD1LgMwb8gGLp+KCycwKm gekcSAQnuCX3wdOhPJwmEywSSXGdAgUx4Eq72kGCUZTkF3VQRDhBtcAslq8ABzDAF3UJoMw91KXx e4gRisBLRBKrXaEYQUfFyZVTkMAaC9kfHpDBLKJNYwMGKEABMPC7V77spU8VnhOI4MaCNSQfMTjB T1vXkFCYQJj8MKEh7FG8oRVpHZ7YhCYQ6kxYQtWtfHuCEKhKMK5gQwUseMf7GgL+AxjYg4nFeNZf GmKJAADAsADIAEXdgsO3NlZscYVSVflRChLUoCRa64g7XqCHO0KLZepgZSY0oYkPAOBYDJVXTR27 WnA1BAo9sNbGajCCTAZGEXd4gSkAGtg7RQMAJPxIBjKw0sC0lLXH5VhDpNCDVWnMHSswQTZ2u5B9 IMMY170uAc8xChS0w7OAkUYAPCANaUxDEwH4wEIP1Vbktvdeyu1BPQXGFWugAAb34JM5XIgyRlwk Bin47kA8cFjDFuAwbB2jexVMr4ZM62mKxVZDRkGCUEyXJOe4g89KKc4UzMDCuSIpQZ4xCctoIrJs zeGCVSyuhrhCB9vQ2D5iQAL+3VZFvz4D7EKwcQJROItrdFEH+j5wYApmSqQrRrKuWrGDdKlWV9hg AV4/LBFycM9nnqRbKU4gXScDCosQ0QeUpiGADliiEu1McZLVXCx+LDld9uyHKZC4FmP8AQ+GyDDK glGSGbQAuMT6sUMUcmLUTqnLa0Y0zdqsgyYPah+PfvSfuEqCHqtkH8JwGyPGSo5kdDoZlSPJCv65 LKLhoxIZOMAFxgu8KR050a8mFz9koYMiHtpImDad6UDdNRiY4KclsccvqveLXQfmHSfoqK379K8M rFIA6hPAWrlkkDTD2tqaaogsdlDEQvmCasUuE1eyYYJgluQci5CdMFxdlFP+jMAa6+4Uy6QBABOv Ax/qIMAGiNsSnWQKwtcGuJmyvW1Imcxn4MYTP0RRWbSZ47Z/GCqXuNLVr+KKZc8AwDrogoHh/rsn 7gx4yP+0DR0AS9lWMtl++WCIiZ1pBiQgBUC1Rg5C3MEQBLUUP24AA1yFeB0EILMHPHAAeqtXIqrY wCYGwomkgwTkIoc6mrjRgyjMjx8GR5kwFuEH2SmiGAg3ElfakQIVeFdrxqi5IowpJneowLLwjhTR OpHSVRIgvVjhBAAwEABJVAMAFwhAJkZyyKgXXuo/kAJx+3RbQxCi8ZWrRzEOwXU/LAIZxT6yNX5q 0RhkpBhcXwQey9QQayz+QLcnH9OXB1KJlA5gA0QuCggUg+oPFIAfF8CAQw6CesOLvCHdoPqm6lgO rJzDGIqAHNzKYcGeLmAGJtBpP/bxi8f9YqxzKoUJvGurDvyn2QIggCqjjZV+6KMZAbDBgfiRAQOY 5N4D6IQ+1jF/+tff/vfHf/71v3/+99///wfAABTAASTAAjTAA0TABFTABRTAfICHH3CCfmBAAvSH crCDYfAHdpgHdrA/DlwHfwBBf1AGRygEPdCDQvAF/+kHEJy/eDAFEqikBLAsf7AHRsiDPCCGD5zA /NOH/5K/HVzAwyASfpg3E1MHw8i3lbIExFq/9kO1U/KADQiADOCAKuz+AA64wizsAC3EwivEwioE Qy78QjD8wi0swzPMwjLUQjNkQy/0wi5swy60QjWMQzMcQzjkQjt0QzTkwy3Mwz0kQzF8wzlkwz5E wzX8wzm0Qj+UQz1sREEkQzVUxDDEw0ecREIEREr0w0S8Q0y8RDrkxEGUxE6UxDQ0xUNMww3wAA1w gCOAQ08kxTw0RFNExDkUATtYAzzcxEXcxBDwxQ64gTH4Az64AzFYAhHYAF/cgjJgxjIgAxHIgjvw AzNIxl2Mw1hsxFksw2Q0gQYIgT3UQzekRTkcw1M0x1e8xitUxQE4M9/SuI/gOKMjCE0YECiZhAGY hgJYEIh4ut7zRyP+wQcjcAJO+QNFoKCIsAdy8AU/8IM/OAS085k6sCP/KRRsQIHaYhU74Yd1GAAB QA2iU7qqaLZAwgB8OIAAKIBpWAg9uYmWTAi6eEle4oiIiMmRKD+TiIi90EmXvIibvIia3Mn8mYj8 IQqfrAmi5MmDQcqfZMqgzMmh7MmZxMmorAiafMr8wcqmrEqYRMqsVMqovMql9EmglEqoDEuqHEux tEq2OEq0XEuZ3Eqz5Eq3nEq4TEuY1Eqv/Ih4GIImQAmhJMu4fMm8JExeokl+IIQ/gAuthMqeVIiT uId7iJ4/sAOf2QPi04jHHDy1nMrCnIiD+QhS8Kmf1EvN/Eq7TEr+lzxLmQwxfuiEAjgs9HILw5iG aTgMfJgGQuMHxvK4f4y6jJApTlmEPbi+cGsIGSgDOqhMOiAE6bO6GlCBP/uUdyEIfCAvadC43iwJ lvTN7gyMfmACJNBOMwkGoEEWfvivQqgDF7IiTVmBGwAV1WMotzAu77TPhdgGsWgCR9mUZKADJzoT rtime1jIPxiEyuuUY0u2T2GZddAETuCE0YpQaYsW9rpP34wHJgCiHkgCuDQUDPOkOJmBE9gnrYE7 P2mInjoFUGEZ3yIww9K38eTHBLvQ7pQCNnGAxOM9I7GHPTDIOKmBE7gGXAmFE8grTmlNepQETkir TKi2QqtR72z+iCewJkfyS035g/AB0i3TFRhYAQaFFwJ4hroxsij1TfDE0cSLlEPYgxM1kknjslzZ hxZ4O07hGmmAEumTUaczNDMtPOMxAiKoJR1ggtgylF+4A7DrEq4QBQVYUTfVFGuAuXg7LYHrRz+9 Nn2QAh4YHH2YhVnY0y8xIcw8E8pa0WYRBRJVPA0qq5axUEx9tYdwBiEYAhjrlHKggxANt8kagRpz FhpgATs1KzyNSwSDVZGTh5vBJpuMlHrAA3OCVPKbrAWIuWjtlH5ggX8KVS75MoWgR4HYVn50qmNF tFHh0ObyFD44hADlB0ntsR0FlGswARqAgV9bmSJRhwIwAAj+VSswYSxyhbVuYILkQRtNMYT2LJOe qjRsmbgEUICsMhSWUYglJLAYPaNLBVgFY4UdcIK58hR0U9QucddVvRVrGIGTfdh9EhSLKRJpsARN 6AQmpdEK3RNrzViX2gYj8IGzCRVhMM9dNdkKs1lQeQcWUABgqjhB+ReCUIdOUAfp7JL6vFkF01TB 8dBOSYY6oMjU4weLrFNxwSeHTSJ4LQrqJAgOMCxLOADY49bUmloFMxcjsNVQ0a9SGlqV8Np6wYYa sAYT+FpJ44eLGYhOAADdec30Ui0xelv3igcn0Jer7ZR94IMfNZNJsiyyhRT6IoFMwtwjuROFwIQA yIeU3ID+3FOthlpc1vIcVSnYTmEbNHkHE/inu70VEjIFRx2Ui+EKeqyEArCEAvAAktWbWUndxuqG JACCWIBcT0E+2i0Jd0iBURMYCSMB6fqTBYIXfLiAVQIAAvCG9nnV4o2mh2AFHYCCtOhcLkFU0RsT d2gB6bUnfqgBEzjSPzHbgcAHDiAAJjGk8BXfWDIeIhACWbCLWjEGOtjaMcmHFOA54Q0XL13e0Qvc SkFbw8KAd0Sz/30nfRCWinitwXFgQimHOsgxM1kBFnBeZ9mHbJ0yNNGWhsg7QhqMz73YmdVgM/Ig amkFIZDbECYUZ3WeM4EBFoDajYndy122LOKHSsi4gSj+AHaKWre94TLKtmqy4mWtFa2ZHTSBgRQo Yo65Bh5r4YS70wL4nWgQgDPTzSzJnBSeYqRpCFZgkwfwAfTFFccZE63p4i/eGJ4yPR8urgmeR8Mq LAAQgAAYgDW2Eql9Yx5qhRpxJCIIVzTZh2KAmOPDg5DdEhqgX0DeJYUjgSF1Y5LQFoXgBAPIANxD nwtIrC6htkZOJG5wJFviWVapB6oxJzF5h1Poh+fbvqPZh37oqvo9k/uNE5fxZFgGG30wgieYBVaQ r1C5ZZ/J5UXdTRhQgChTWbD5r1HWCME1ia3oiAIusj5VZh1qgg7NlWlGmWrOEq3JB2wegQSYo7DZ hxX+aGDL6YnUkxdvPueOcQK5gppbYeeT2bA3lYh7sIYZ+KWTHQFiVprY9bBiLhJ8UOQa/ucMmpY3 yRVyoJqDrorW2YdsGIUuVgEYoIEFUAAFWFiwaYgdE1pDGhpY0QSg44RO+IAOOLPTlZdJzmjJeuTQ yZVyuINF4LROY1+SkQiSpoEUsK8aMAXgwqmW5pt2izlbo84HEYCUKmQOkEcrUdyfhp9ZYLJkFhRk oAN3LgmYwAZS2CYVWAEaOIWkJQiI7hvK0qrbMSgAAKOkIi8MjuInFWu+UQhnoDWzDhS0htbLkoh3 MAUayKcUoAFS2GaO8Ge6kl8TqGwvkaEpQeWvzpL+sB7szQG+qkvfL1HshRihD7sHUqgB6JJsUdjs YOahpubjRW7Vg+IHhZpk1B3tvokHIYACYvFPLBuIUhiBUXOHU8AB2I4B2W6Xh7jsneErveaHBjof 3mG/M0Ox39acIhhIXGkItC7hyVppBYCB/yI3UbAG6aTtWboHFRhbbuUHjQyvAEDkQwYArw5VZD5t 72aWJjACYjEGEl4Id6Ckk02AGGhv6nKolz6BCuPsSmWp9fNqfBuAARCIdmFkAN+ZfoACITDUW0Fr XSUIhp7nFfgz53wqkyUFcs4SlpmG88GAGk+Mnd7nuStcfjhl8jqwhmBJfdiLpXDOkEDKIZ+gImf+ CplE8pbgCiOPyienC9acCyVfTConcim/cqbM8oU68glyci+PyiZnCC1HCZnUciYH8zMHSzixcjbH 8iQ385YEzSeaqDFf87KkiCNXCFb4gVXZiTency5ni5xkciRny0PHC60h75vgClMgt2wWJiHHC6Lg CkH/8j0vczFXc023bE5vcyKH8b80ijoXzC2foPce8gK+SdH8qcP8CEPvyb2Qt1XCb/wGgODVGfPa X36YhAL4AKZiCIz1cI6JhR+IZj+BMHJGhjsYqujmB4vqMWtI2lEfaCpmbFHQbEC+mDAriMjydrdQ qE04H9PC307ohDSOBk9A93Z393eH93iX93n+p/d6t/d4RwV2v/d95/d+9/d/B/h7z/eAJ/iCN3h7 jwZNcIApgAZ9P3h0H/h5R4V2j3h5n4WJV4VhsAM2UAV3j4ZRSIAbkAZPiIZOcPiLh3eUf/iVP/hP aINoYINeuAVQaAZPmPhOoIWbZ3l+l4YGUAFo6AV9j/iKh3dowID/wAdL0LgPwABXEncJss31U4yN tIRJEC9LwIRJqIStr4RJ0Pqt13pMwIRKEPuxL/ux/3qwT/uwN3uxJ/uy73qu7/q1f/u3b3u3v/u6 x/utH/u4x/u/d/u0n3uuZ3u7t3u0l3uvJ3y9B3zEJ3y6B/zDj/vHX/zIP3uyN/y/x/zMh3v+wVd8 sGf8u3d8ta/8vL98y2/8ySd90Pf8tbcEKoiAKah6zBd9zg/8xA972t97uOf9zOf8S0ADOxCES2h7 SxCBEaAErKd93Wd+twd71L99ygd96B/9wZ9+0+983Cf8sTeDCvD+KwCFS+D7syd/rf/60xd99F9+ 1h9/TMgEFmAAs19+03/7SbAEA/gPDcg4TDgswSaJAgCIDPwyDJgk4AO/hPz0DYDGb5/CiBInUqxo 8SLGjBo3cuzo8SPIkCJHkiy5EZ4PVv1Msrxo7I6xlRFDlbDW8ibOjWomWGHDLN28nCLxraABssMk ftMAIDSQYV0AD/xkWkTKTx2HAwgj9hv+EO3h1In6FFKNODZh2bIJz4YVS5YiW7Vr37qd27buXbN0 JcaFu1cvWq545S78q7DvYL8XEfM1bDfvYceFAyeuHLjfWH1CnFB+TJgxXsCNMQqrkywixBonbEIU 7bqwWtCRO4v+7HilTNwK9+lWOE9Xmy9YJkz48oUL8i1c0Khp4waXrnDhxs0jnJCZl3Btdm3JJhGi 2rQK36HA8bBf69iRNySNBmCaugCW+DmdLJLhV7ZC9/Pv7/8/gAEKVQQTAooEUWmnvRUDCtgY+GBG 49iCxhZXtLEFFliEgcY89IgDTji65OIGG2qgAQYXynlh3BlpsHELLryMIw49aWS4RBv+vI1kzQKi cLQSB5LwIw0AzzwDgEMDSKUfRmOF1xCEUUo5JZVVQriSE0YwaeVECJr2XQwqtAMZlzi1thYvbHiB BRq3hMPPPGqA4wY4begClkX6fCiiLW+0ocZxKV7RBRYUpFESRKaQYI073p1pEXv84FNAAAIMMBAA nZiEX5mdevopqGVK4YM8oU6UIJ795LNCCu7gaepIj/IzDi5nKKfGLkGhdpM+HdrywhJXgENmRyuN YoIKi75aUaT8dFLAAJzwoxVLDDm0JazZarstt4K5skM33ApDh4Jh5cMCDPkQ261FZekTzhtfXOGF G+FgW9JYso6Dha1fWPFmSdicoID+Aqstxg8HSfWXD5TsOvwwxFWu1MoOzqzLJUS+kLsbP++YAIOO Ebcb0Ty5pHHFFWngIk6U4OCyzy70tGHFsCKtREMCIyyQAAwZbSCkffpM4wHQJHX1lchJK700SyvJ wkMrF5fJCB3kvIWNCUYxvQs44oTzW0L7hHNLil+wwYt+shoI0S1YDHuvRteoQLDBGAUZ0TqWXBAA ABvYF5K1UjM9OOGFc9ODK4JbSbXVEVlDgtZM23LFGWd4oQYvaqR4Bi7j7DqlrG0DLNI1JpDQy8VA JqVPJxrwXakl6ph0dOG12174SvL0IAW3i9xhDsennBDKskrjQpwVV3Bhp35wV2n+ywS8kIRNNv1Y F9HP/EADQFT8VBKAuptC6fzt5Zsfqj5EcJYtRIzccQ7HpigwSu374GLFBG/o6nAuVtypdk4Spj3u HSATHhAAPprWsPMxsIGmKkIRuOU++EVEFCMoheK6pYstUCBDXKjZw3bhP/+MJXv9aB3fACAATSQQ X15xIAxjKCWqQEEI5OOS+4AXNn6MYgSkKJ7IwOEF5b0BF7ewhRpEpgsr2OI/d1PIOjKxNwBw4G8g CZwMs6hFAEmhB/HIoIHOUQ5zmOMci8ADBcOCgxHYZHDzmBkb6BG2zERsJbxgIn9U9xh+UOOJRhvf FgMpSJJ0YxbdcEUPuAFGAxn+gg6OpEMdygEW9NRAWQB8mC3YBMLBQSQceORP9gTDqxcOspSm3Egs dvAAHexAFos0ECEeSQc/PIoGJnAQ03iRIundrpNLeAMoFSaR632EYQ45JTKTGZF4+GCVq9wGrBr5 SD6cKQYmGNPSxoEGLLihNZdU2j7ykQ0rtCEnK2kWf7CozHUOciXb2IEO4umAxJkqlo/0w1jcsQIW qOub29LHG6yQBpbBcB5YYANOxiLA/qiTnQ4N5BAcoINnmuocd5AlH/hxrhWoi5jawgUWvjC6GIoj ZTkJZR4X+NCVOnAliBSCDnoQtU9BpBx3OEQykIEMY5gDaz1TGi+GeKdAljT+iTfx43445VGWMnVp rGilPpwBD1MZgw6+kEg7UBC5iIlDDVZwww0ZqA8unKFpCBNmUgHZ1LXWDgqJfOWDNFYMhdRgBo+b QdL2cQsrqIGgptSHF9AQvpKgdD/GZCtilyYTJvggXLhZKoQWUYfG8aMGChjBCMzjT1jpQnm8TKY9 vOCFFpJkoSlFWmJTCzF9GMEIX8wWIfCgQ36E4rIjUEANIgaObeIirFrcxxm44NuKlLBoaXUIZFWr XCvBgwhNGG6U6sEHWkZkFJfdWW4dJjNyypGlmttfSJAqFNott7yhWgk3fLA+WJkDD4aYyDUGloCt gmoeLLuvPjKJBs8BcZ3+asCCX0Ei3pwEDrrmPXAe+SGLHUQBrgZKRh0WsSuPzWAU2YVVOLCQC86h jAu7SG0brhBgj6BzP105JoJTTKVY6IAV2hqXMJa1DxbcgF0iHA4WbmFgZIZ4xBopLglJqeIhC8il OoiFgwXEiDoYgyIwYMFUNsslceiCCxQ4Q3eXO7NNcsQqDFUpkcPcnyi0UluHuIMkJzKDFNwDVLIS hxuOMxwruM28/djrm6QcGC+n9Fpi/rNQnPDW5EJoH3/YQz0oUgMUjInQD4IXF66ABlzs4gpxfgMW srzcTOaZI4UVCqcALepqMYEIU4XVOfYwiEehhx+iUBao9JEm5XCuu17+48ew7GVnfkBvF+HIxdgu AiTjCuWwoz62SORhhCK81lTkqIMiKmKKBZiiv1KSdRpSlIZcfU7MtqAAGK6AhSZipMSgFjKy052R lXTDB89NMoCqetXv8INHPtLzf+ixi5NxIQ262PGBd8ETXGjk0+YEs7oTTpHDQUFbv6jDXCkiMOJF 6VHi2PC82vBZhSckHDzZOKTQem7UcrzkK5kFg7WliDuUSyLuUIFRHB0SOQZFH2eahy2+oJx6lVwi vAhphnLhM5ETGEoy73mKKTZTU+1jEGisSD5SEIMAjRUXaciFF3ghjlsIBw1u4C/SI3KLXfDCFrwA Zp74Ye6iOwTfYU/+MSt0MAum80O6frCHRZ5soJ8v4QVY2MIWzmAL8L5dJGv3CFX0saWGFh7QK5GC DiwGcAC19xAXCZOrDISLDm4nwJMv/DmJjhN8ILzxYha0Yz11JghLmCIQCcUJxuT2WPHj58D6sLVN 35HDd0Qa0kiIOjjxe64YXfdi1kcRhvDFowdoXMG4yKu9w/yQ6MJQX1gDFkBufJDwXiP4gMYANDCk AQxAAJrKTem3n1r9wMMITFh+p4xBCEIYwhCDuAMyKrISUpDgFLnPyV4RXDjkQ9eoH+ConehthCYQ QN/wwwcUAH2In0yQ3leoB15gC/lg4GyMRtpdoGJ0IAdq4MF4YGj+fKBoiCAInmCTmOAGvsZsUIVc tFsTyIVcsMUNnYVHYeAiyBIdNJl9UMXj+IhsuCAHUkZZsMG/LEQN0kYJ7lELPuELsmATBk1G4OAK TiEKjoZtjEz3VSF9CAQGGMBAHIBZvNDsGaAyuYIRNIEr+ECDgUo/aAwk0cHTdQk/YEMKUNx/yEQa dAHhoeFI8FlIFAAYimEYJgQ+dAInBEAlKCInPCIkRqIkTuIjesIkWiIlZmImYmIkcqImfmIlXiIo jiIneGIokuInmmIpomIqiiIrbiIoqqImyiIoqsIUOAAuOgAToMIrziIr0iIkesIneIIgyFId2AIl esIzmEADOGL+JyajK7biI3ZCL4RBBWiCM0JjNMIiKgKjND5jL25jLI5jN4bjKorjM1xAAnKEAYif BxDAtAgEP+TN93xAJlQCPlpCPuLjPvajPvLjP1ZCQA5kPxbkPwakQAKkQvojPyYkQy6kQ0bkQTYk QUakRELkRGJkQV6kQW5kRSJkRXIkSC7kSD6kQyLkSWokRSqkJRzkJPxAPMVTEVzCJehjSYrkSmpk S3pkR1bCJWBCIBgjKFxCQyYkA8DAJghkRpokR6YkRG5CHFTAGWQCUe7jTqbkUjqlVprkTV7kVd7k R+bkVoKlUvIkTuZkSFokQX4lRGplJhjAOm5EAYifNJCf+bX+BeMBIls1wSrpgAPwjvV4ij0Qwh7w gWHuwR8k2kTQwAqcoc1wgxagnV62hGmFRCcgjTRYAooh4gA8A2wE5kroA2hOxWiK5mSE5mhaj26I pm6oZliYphWyZli4Jmq2ZmmGZmDI5mOtZmre5mkqoW3yZnC+Jm4S53DW5mz6Zmz2pnAmJ2+eZmku hJMEJmmupnRW51rIBGxaT2ZEAUzi4ltNZ3HqJnai5mSYphIWhmia5m6+phIWQx0cAt7tA33uw1ko Hm/YUpttJ3vCRn8iZ3uGJn3mA0TkwgQ0UXRmBmbghoL+Z4KKJ1o8aG6mZ3o2aGsCp3MaZ4aa531q J26u53H+qieElqeITih6wqYS/ieGYoZ7dqH4bOZkstQ2CIEQbMMsOAEUKJLqnVlMYEQ/hMItBUg+ pMISaF+MkoSLesSWkNeRslNoQgGDTR+AlAMe+IFijowFscZ/7EMbYEGnNalJGFxCoRuYmpJMzIIP FIEi5QZ1cskv0AEjbISiVBuA6AOF/GGZGl5cvmientJYyMMT9ICLwZt/1IPTUZZFQEQQBsg8cMEX fF6fSkSS/pGfRaogtUIPNEG4EGp/IMMdEMKVYgQ2oADxOOZHgAMWHIqlkkQJ7akLtd2qyhB6JYEP IJkVWUlrKAIdxNhGuEPWBMgSuUGshqmr/lEFDmsMRUH+DzhBs4WKORjmbAnbQ6zAT/3H/RAcstoM AgYZyWWr7cjENgyBELhStpRGtP0IDDQmp15Ea2CakXrr7hXrSIQavN6OPriVFDgJ0xEC/m3EPrgK DbQKgNgI2NUr98mrzZihwQ7OyQmBEegopPZHMuBBYnKELdGACuBSf9CDaGnawpIYsRVdt36syMCD oA2qlP4H1czbRtAAwSSAj6QTP4hD4EWswU7qSDApyT6MTGAqE2xqyvZHPRwaoo4MP8gPZimACbzD ulqEJ5XTzoYEzt5H8UVtt6AXE/SArWbLSxiClJ3JKbDAdSkAXvGHCJGb1XZEqwYZjKbtp7SpPrBC Dzz+wWsFLX/swyFAnI8qRD6IAgugQA1YQwskQNnmBETYghXgntuSGMKGhLEtbrZsgxGM67aUwx74 QRq5nkK0Qw0gyygw7T5gww/xR5d+KeSu27Z+GXKdbpl4gxRAwSzEgxTsQL5uy8Od62ZZQwycAAyM btNSRHSEg9bpnI+xbrk1LkjorPFOCTwIAS7uQA8YATT9bks86x5cr2HiQctVxD2QAguYQAxUzw5x TEvslRmEARZwgccu7/GyLfWyr5Lygys4ADyxEvx9yrPJ0h/g3URQpzuEQgqYAA5knn+0BvRMgBrY bNqK6U2c2P/Br4nxAytIVDz1gAILRTnUgSz9gh3+JkQ20AAKrIAonIndZgQ96MJOTMBQQXDBIe9H 0CsL72FCcIMT+IBf4iLvmEow8CAHd4kpwAAKwEAbCcg8uMEWWAEFoAwWKG4Mh5z7XnATXwQNLys3 yAITFAErQHFLnAMj7MFFbfCr5MMoBHANaGyAgMPJfAEvuIEt4IIt7IJkRnFjTG1IKK8c48QUO4GO wooxGEIdDEIxlMMhGIIi2J8P3uGipcAoDFaA7IK8pAGX3XH7qq4km1VCbIOgPcEed8qZ1IMv8MEe KEK01lv49IM1ADEMmEIJc8TWXcEWuAGeVjJFhJ5/2LEsI547Za0eS0aVIIMhUGwx8G91JUAM3EP+ KbDACdCAd4yvf6BxSO2CFrMvHV8Rmd7yR2xD1kLBqb0vS9TDL/ABHihCmu2Kdd0WCeQhAXMzXOzC NqXB6JjqHU/zC6efNeufQmBzD2gzrJDDL/tBMHyTx4ztvQUIPdwC4MFyPXNfyOIE7cBzE1PFLBRB Pm8qqHizH4TzOG+gO4zxwNxWuqgzRYzDyXhBLkRzFMuzklZtQvevQkT07pQKE1YJOZyZP6vNmehu CIfCj/KMQ3eELmwT5qz0SKB0sdCzUPeDLBjB7tStlNSDUzs1/9ZDMFz0IVCW2riDKKSACsTAEN/h KrsGPdhCpOmPUN9H6p5WWe/FLCi1FGwz6Dj+3R7gwR0sgjkcQpX+QqhOhO6qgAp8LvnihC6kQZqM A+Z0qRfETFojqQun9MjKsj5wAw7GgrhKQbNSiT3sgTHuQVV3MD9g9QqgQAz4H4A0aoZcwQRcQVAn ds6e9XHd6h3LghDsgBDMwiwQQUqY9EjYAx/orzAzc73NgArkIdP6Nn/Mg2lvwS34VU+rNlFzxOPe sjz4gESt0m3H9JRYlCxZntr07QqA7ynAIKOmAXGggWrfRHNvhAMvN8miV1/6JTS1Ka7+whc/kiGo xTV0rgqEwnCDdKLeQt/Ji6Pi9kozcEvkpRyvhDNQ8APswJqWyT78Ah7wQTH4wiEswiIcAq/+8oMx dzcMnMKZqHdH8MIWeMHYXdw8sEHxlvdHnPePvZCAr6pMRIEPGIEqPYCLfTVJFMP1+uBKrMIQYwNw 5/c1WLd/zEMaWMEtqPh+sPi6GTUEOwMRDMHcbYMrTC+XGAM4/8KjkIICkIApkAIM8K7vgriSZtIZ xLKSzytrj1wlw8MTpJyDKwQyXHQP7xApLMBtLcAJlHGVhEOkrXCan9RiUwQ+qIOhD5NKxzCmNkGD E7mBkIMf3AEjKOajwMB1zZc3GYhM1Ag3vbiS07JJZAAADAAGSATptS38hqsPzN2nlMP9LcKHo0U2 WJMJEAwLpDOEgBQaRHKg4wSTL8QBSMv+Oph6Z6boVDgJsh87Zqxnii6ohbIotCe7szM7iFL7gkb7 sWf7tLNotXP7tUs7uC+7t1d7s2O7ua+ntZM7iJ67tqP7uF97QsgDFDyAFMiRPuQDHUW7uD87uLe7 s7f7seNgOhCCHSjCOXAnfXpwDJDADWRDNpgACzQaa7Kmaoa74r07sqNmxttcQoADFyzxXOg7s7P7 tCu7sV/7vpd7v4t8uuv7yVP8yK88uZM8upt8zFd8y9O8sl+8hWb8y1e8zjt70Nf8gv48d+b8eibQ r6sDAWCABgwfWUAJmVtqLBjBE8B0mfTDOShCHyxCXq8EkKfADOx3P/iDP5SEap69vwr+AhnkwtT3 +kVU5lBwgAccwAAM+zxiwgcEQMJIgt9Pgt8HviQAfuAT/t8LfuEj/uArvuEvfuIzPuQjfuNPvuI7 vuA3/uE/fuZLfuRfvudr/ueHfuWPvuBjQiUkQQRIACYA/gdUPuWDPuaTvuVLPiWAgiLkQRbEASVQ QuCvPijEQAIwQAZUAiYEPiXkQCR0Puwj/u5TQvLPvuRPAihsAQKIQCXEvvLLPuhv/uzHvveL/vdz fuJj/+iTP+mHP/ej//JvP/R3f/ufv/Znv/uzP+FPQgFUgkmog6a4x/DhQzR0AkAIsBStU0GDBxEm VLiQYUOHDyFGlDiR4kRVnZqhWoj+alYnaJ4kRIAyjWBFkwdV0eqk0aCqXmPm/CEnTdXFTtGgYWKQ gIY1as9YGkTV7OTBoUMdRtNkgQIuac+KRpU6lWpVq1exVoWGYRI/r1/BhhULthOADAQOhNU3ANpY t2/hxpU7l25du3fx5p3brx+/WkiacNM7WG6wPYTKjc0mQwUOd4Tr9pWbS4ugeJAxZ9a8mXNnz5/l duia+dmGD+rC4hsQjZ8+fWJft5at1mvs2rdtf439Ovft2b55w8Yt/Pfs4LRl9zYOdndx4M6X6x6O /HVfyXz7cmuy45XX69CbK2/OfGxscr6C/foVjN6vO36Mfd1n3RqMEzSwgd33+3v+cuLHyZvNOt90 uYILXspLkDjkwJsuQACl84+6BiVkMEALI6QQwufEczDCDZdTDroRRbStwwo/fG4DSTyTrDa2QItR xhlpjEufKHZ44jK+ahyLETqABHKPPeLraz5+9qnvvnZ6nGseNbDApckpqazSyivh4mA0zPTpR7zV +HERyzHJlFGyWYQgYhsy9/uxjiCDydCUFUiggUkky+TnFizOmCfPPwENVNCv+lpxxrXaGlTRRWnj 0St4muiBFevEtHKRIOmoY7/9vJoThRreIbRKetyYB5d5crnliysQZNTVV2HdTMtDYYzV1kD7YaWH Jrr50xxF3gyyjnq8O4UFE0D+zRMNL7ZA4wUK3BDx1mmptfW1WWVEtNpta+zHlSKakGUbIoSYxTsy jSHkjkMMoeOOOzLdz9Nk/9QHjQmWWCMdbvnt11VDzazV34Ehe40VBxx4QIceoqgus0rrqucXPvBQ 5Bx+7DknFRiUqaeUFJB9DOIaOfVqH17eOAOLF7S4rGSCYY65SQ5YzBbMkWXO2VGwilB4BwegCFOz fMIq2ch+XubnHEX2+KOYc/kpZYEEUoDBhFAewxNLcXY5Y4st0gjjhSWu+IKenNFOu7O+sI1RW2nV 7rdSeGaBggkd8NbBASmEJmw/UkwQZS++kjnkDkCO0WaVVUYJJZQYRohcgQX+8iMznDdW5eINXvTZ Rw2UwWljF63jLt30ugCOMR+BT+e2Un22cQWKIXowwolWWHkA4R4EGwxpr0gZQQEFRHGnnWxOOaUU UUTBIZQZaJhhDD3seMEFFVRIIQUWYIAhBhpMUED4GLCcZ5c0uNjiDFvEad399/FqG7R+wIQfUOzc qlSebVhpQoghigCFWMDDNrNgAhR6h5ekWWN4kjOB9rbHAu7FQAYxKMMc/AAMbFhDG+1oxz3yISZr mCABMSDajF6mD3DcgllcaAMvzmY/Gc5QOKkDjbZwRsMr7cwr8YiF3YjgAyawQhbyCAsP8SKmfJxi BitQwQnEpwAWWCMb7cj+xz2+8qs9IIIcjhKTZPZBNGuE4oQ10ocu0uCFK6ABF+DQjw7hOEOazYh+ rJlL0uLIpVa4IoFf2UYroGCE2jmBFWs6IsTgVjQx3eMUOIABClIQg1FcIx8wSAALQqUfYfjhDooo BxJJ17c3ZoYX9RgHNtoRjq+AwxYq40IadBHDPM7Sfmzb0g1hlEhaciYeRUDYDloBu/4RgQhGgMIs enXIwRzpK/kYoxNTsIJRZKOM/HhHKJjEqXowAg97+AWxoBaj/YioDV9Iw7LYEI42cIELX7iFG3cZ Txna8DP0S1Rc2oEfeUZGTK1wAN4esIMhCDEKs4DHETGTtGyMIgYpUAH+DEJhjWruJxl+GAQhBuEH c5SDEHgYBDI4hUe48MIW+rAFPdogS73sgx7zcBa+uHCFNOyiffu06fs2cMvPrMWOcGkHC6iGjf7c VFRgiYcsmKAwvP3AXBhKYtKwIYqGmgAGNTAF0ZImGWNgig57qFhiBgOOLaiBC15Qg1haKo5w8IIX udiFLW5xiza0IQ1f+IIa08cFLCzBCm+AJ1EBW7pC6dQz2oKLO1gwOQWkoHL6MdIskRgP/hXhf0zY gcIc4IQRJXEGNQBLO0hBA+yxYAamyKR8RskPZHB1EfaQy+/cQg962OIFE7ACXb+wLHbu1gvt9IIX znAGNbyBDbfYBS7+eDEOcMyDF1hY2RhiqMvATrda1yLs2nL5lnagQHzCo6okTTuWx8aRG1FowkCb wApnvMYVPtiBE4zou5DSIAEKoMEpaLCCB9KAFI01WQ7tYYxBCIsO5BiLSE1Gj3Dkwg3n7K0WljAB LrjhFrjAhS7YCg5wiEO2dUnDG9zwhjS0gbolRhs9C1s/uFgDigsgRTaeBwOQVa0GojhF1hQZt0rx zwlC8EETorBe2FzGLuMNSz5iMDnhnSAGovAvgsFSjl901A9/sAOQ3pSMUIZlHuF4axvQsAUDeeHD uGDGOL4g5ivYYi+pJQ89pGtiOU9rjjJa3T3d0iVruIAUpMsHNk7+EQoaSDB7MbBqNnA8yn5U81Y8 7Ac3WuGEIRChCFGQBZGLWpdNjeUd2SBFDWQMsu4mYBQIdbM9ksG0PfjBFwYGRxbmIIZAZMGNm5rH OHhxi7ry9gxtwEU4OBwWXqhBHLfgBRqwuA8oz5nZ77MlrfA8lnl4QReQ2MUWECQid1iDFDi4wYxX EINQnOIdknEHNmTgAl6kI6TyKRkzkfTFz55WM/BwRnzBAo8fGsEHRpCCQZ3qlmX3AxufjoETTcAC cZPCGv2owfBwECaIvewcvzDEkBRhDHB+pRdXuAKfdiHXM6R5C1xAwxuQOw6VimXZzXZ5HFHcGcPC JRdWsMIL3lD+ZGuUogYy0C8LbhCKOFDABS6wABla3uZsPPBOYPnd072zn6e/rBU9eEAPWsGPbsRC CoI0ZisOeiGxeMmapwgTHgluilHQAAYqSLihRdFwUS6jHzawgT5UGe+inecPh/lFYvCxjrXmAhdu oOsVKGCFdqqhDbbQxTiSnvSXTx6O8qsn6wTuBtt+YeR2/QLj6TpiW4zeFhcexzjSEQ5dMCMVNlhB AyxghSVYLwbdW4H3aJB7GtSgcY2zcfKSR8VrXAPQ4ZPiNcQrnxx+BR4/08EDeEBZ2w1wMO9YgQJK HaZ2WEMUM2i7CrhHg7i/Q6T7eI0azkBcM9xiZ/ZAxzEQEYj+OcxhDGtAvxnY2YWyegENw22DFWxL FyhvAAfwNWKOM3hKlMYCHcbGCtyAFywsAomLDd5AxNDgDNAgA8Pga7YADL6gC7qADF5gAV7ACk7A Am7ABkZBFJanBqBnBryve2wve7LHidzOBEhg1EhgBXiQB73nBmrP0FwQBnlvFHrPGqiIFfLm+Zyg Gspt0YznHd7BHdxBCq2wCqtwCqvwHrDh+sYnBljA7VaABkbBFLJBpDpnyxYhC8ZGDBzhE24BDtTg C8ggC+xw8dqguC6MFzbsHkzEnMzpCsZhywiwEEusztwmu2KLC0aODbagpvJCH+jhHupBH9KgAp5F DdaADLz+YA1sIRz8hC6uCItMAYoUAAUYrhSWh3lCAQecBwdqIPe+h+1gQAZkAAYaAAEgIAIiIG8c 4HpMAAVMYBiJsRiN8RhNAIoiZwQWoAb668DmA7ZSgxd24Q3oQA9szg5iTQzEYA4eQRCYYR1AKUFM hR84h6YMMR1N7NnsDPPEYh4EUBf0IblMxmjuAheuQA3QAMz4AR7CoZV6q502ZxzijB9MgQROwBry YuuagAiQ4AliYR3iIAIeIAKooB1QyYMyUiPb4R086CM7EiRRCRtioL5cTO+8Q0T64R7EgaTgwAzA wAzMYA30gA2XIAvuYBAYgRyU7S0kTx2Bcs4OcDPqyEr+xEEc5uEbzPEdc42sDOQM3CCW4iIb/MtF 5mM+bCMfZAEKiqDfLC03QqEBaGAck6gfYqAE+gxpEEzBcOEN5vAKtIAMxgAQAAERDIEQuDEv18A7 +qIgWS4oAbPEcgraFHBQ6IEX3EAN8EoNjG0Q8cQW2IoapWTLJKMbIk0IhOAJXsEx+ZKjCgEQMErL 2m2cOEUtN+0qezIXAqEQxqAQ1gAdwAIfxqEXbmENuEAL7LAbAyEP8MAPCOEQFIERfqEY9CBI7AAR CDEwldMQB4uOVAwu9KEb/JIu4iGZFOSIxEEX3AANuCAMwCAN3okNsCAM0gdBeGgfuIEVmOAIhkAK hMz+LZRBDOxADPRADIhhpXQDEazADrNADJRBGnTNC/iTGwOhD/7gEITTGMrhHOohafagDuoAXhZh OSk0KK2LMBNJFgSpCNbENirlZfpDTKLAB3oACozIyAiF7HqjH9JBO8/gCrogCyiAAtYgF2whF4jh uGTnCCAgCKSAF04IH1yjc5RtHzLmF8SADfeTEH7BF5z0SX8BGKR0Sh1BEKq0SgXhEdjgGwHBDmRU DOggN8fgERIBGIohGcqhQcPpL82hTcvBHDauQuW0EIdSM+wpLuZBCP7JAXwA0whjFhJGb6SALO3i D5Tg+eQAENJgCSQAAnbgCIxgCcAgA7vAubAgC7T+wOOy4FL7sz/pQAyWAEyTlD/tcD9LNQusQAtU dVXJAA08Dw26NAsmYA7uQOOcbk5xNVffAhFxqafcwhn+SQcuSwmYIAmSoAiQ1ViLwFiZ9ViZIFmX 1Vl9QKl0gAeSwAmgAAqwlRVcgVtdYRacQRbExRvI1Ru6QR7QVR72YQn+KaCWoAiIQAnk4BEQgRD+ ABDyIF8BoQ8AIREQwREcYRmWYRx0YRd6QRDCdAKywA4coRd2QRfAQblObxzmYR7WoWLxoTV6Mur4 wRFK1QrEIE4LU1dJtkLZMRGjTT9ghweWEBJe4RVc4WVhYWZptmZtlmZfIRacgFqDoBVgQQoiIRL+ pAAKmqAKmqBY0yRNggAImDYIhAAIllYJgCBvHiAIEtU3DUERfEEYigEZFlRkx6IcMDUL6nAYMkMQ xqAP5nIMYLNk3dZt6/RhFHEskkEO9OYB5MAP2MUQspYRFqERFsEXikEYCPdMk+Fwk4Ec2vQcziER guCfeCAQyiEZkMEYgkEYGEERGgGjBoFivCoP+iB07/URSNcRHncH9AYSzI8u3s1k+GEeTgoXZgsc vMRFlk/gXPdtdbdkLS/FfHUsyMEO5EAO5sAOFkEYhoFwg0ERmJd5D6EQCmEQBsEQ/KAP/IAP/oAP +KAP+KAOhJd46aB6/6AQCIEQmJcRCNdr37T+HurBHlaXOR6BBxQmCABhY3f3fvF3TAywZlTHHcMi eO3gyuwgPsTORuyhHvrhEDDlDkDktfjCNX7BESABEhwhTvL3gjG4Snj18lI2LCRGPdTjYorGzZJT ERb4L1Erg1V4he+HHzaYMFwDNp6zSc6hHN60TTkDf1h4h3k4M14Yu9oizn6yh4m4iLflh/NiHSrB EtZBLfzXiKE4itPmQjMDAwZgADLgiJ5Yirm4i/llP5D4LqQBAAgCAJr4K/xhAJ6hNVxEOXikOlJI AXOjNzxUNtpYQfgijoVmQDJkZGNDTHYDkH0jnCTjjyUOanKDjwe5jxNZjvMnQQR5jx25qO7+2I6L qpEF+Tpe51YjeZE3OfmKQ5EFpG8q+Vw6mY1Jx2EuxEQKs45v45N/Q5UZWTfkLUIGpJOHajls15OF ZjxeWexEeY4XRJJtmZQzhOwsmTw2eZP3t2D4IRoAYBqgAQCkIUVn2It393axWWZ6Ny+eAQDUYZqr mR/WIRJsIAAGgADUeZ3ZuZ3d+Z3VuQDgOZ3huZ7ZWZ7tOZ/1eZ/5mQDwuZ8BOqDVmZ4FuqDj2aDz +Z8RmqAPup0Z2qAVGqHdOaIlep0puqIbGqM1OqE3eqAJYAAuGqNDGqELAAAqITOmIQA4IRMCIGP5 AR+iIRpMQxMyoaYtoaYz4aZxeqd5uqf+N2ESMICnb1qne7qndZqoNcEDMoCmi1qom3qnNyGqMUAS NuGobbqpibqoLWETKuECNCGrn9qorxqnNaEDNuCrd9qqcRqsx3qtNSEDPoCpx5qttTqtM6Grs5qu n1qtLUETPgADNmGt7Xqwcxqr3/oDAjusBbuw53qtL0CxnZqwcXoTJAEDOEGtGXuvtVoTNMAD5Hqx w5qtb7oSMKAS6jqzITunk1oD0Dq1IbuvO7uqXRu1aXsTLkCvMTu1NwETMKC1aVuxiVqnNWEDMkEz PCAAAuADxEISxnkzpkG5N+M1OuGktXkuhtQGmlsz1qEDPOOyR5YwKmGNq5su1OEDpnP+Lp7hunyH Hybhd8f7LfqBAzxDGjzguwfDEjjB1AYDHz7gjO20Eywhh/mhEjrBMzbgvOVCHeS7M6J6M6Ahu79i GprYYbokOfqywmO4S3ijdl96GjoHOwq5L9mYRwYEww9ZHabBPzR8xEscKy/8wr1iGjI2xC28NTC8 L1/cxlujmrtERfGHw11DxE18xVHcjnW4wnuZxHuZjWNYHVAjOIYcx4Ncx0VcMvChmkU8TALZ/HJ8 w8/lNdYhxaMRlb08yVVcyvlBwmuD7JA5ho+cxrV8x23cOjBcw0t8N7w8hq/ckoecyW+5xrtkP5yc z4XczyW5x5c8H6Shy8mczB8YxkH+nB8GHc9TUsrr3MfPri+8YcL1bso9PckpZXUrfNFrA9Ebvc7J HMPnY88r/M09vdXNPDgGfZtpvdZ7eMVhGJEQHMk19jpRGS7aeByDPS52JobVgo5tpGSMnTlM5HaR 5o8hhsP7uDw8lNfXvJSh88t9XbqQmcu3HditXTyWfbNK/TrGPc4pHdi/CInScNph441NnVBsw9sz bc2R3NprPCXBHc9fBytL3UaafezCnS7aXeIQ3Kbeuy7cOOGrhOFX+Nx3KEUd3tappLIxALrvoi8y AQMyYAP8mx8qu8DtghNOmh+kQQM2IMXBQhrM+ys+oOXf4gPWeBo0IANKOyw0oeT+pSEDPODjw0Id NkAD2mId/loTbkMebCCohaYTMADCwcISMMADUAOopxosgF4DqnkaOiAD8tst1EGpu74SMuCW9KGy A9wroCEDRH4sTl7o+eGtMwDrv0LBM8ATvAKoixsuoiED1pgTMoADUMPqWds7PADj3WITNEAd1mED bF6n9n7mNQDw30ITOD7x14EDMgDPTt7mRZ7pWQORPsDm65u0Lx4sMiED4l7xPaC34dsSLiASND4D IiHRPAEDJN/kNaDrx4LoWb8TUD8Dstv1JSFjob7kx4Ly474D1uEZMqADAl/SUV8DNEDkP6C+x4K/ MaDmKwEffv/z3/4C4p4D8IH+E6IeNUYG+4ub6NU+LEh7EjglGjBg7d8C6Ncf6qO+0WJjHQpANIwf L8B/EgBiEj5++vh9ELBBgDR+DBs6dKhuEgAM/PAVuHDR4SYCBPox1ATAwMCHDJ9tAKCJHycAkWyk LKhOEoAM/NYNwGBAA8mGBgxgCKBOAwEPADoR1KdBgIcAlmoaKErSo0wPF/UV0DApk0MCBzAImIaR Q4BoO/kdMMABQDSQGwJM4udxw4APAN7y0wCgqceH6gRkyBAAn4YLlT6o43mgAwBolQJ0CKC1rL4D KKUF2GDgAsN+Hul6YGgpZFmG0wQAmAat7ofIDTGg5EfgQtfRGDAUFkwAw4D+dQT5WSIwyYZRi68L 8gXgQVKlyRkmNW14wbYkfLqJGn3osbGNAJ46AUj4oTcqACEMdGCY9q3xhxoKeBCwzoOBwtN6S/ww QBNbAZXKdkpuwADRCKDBWSPF9wFeKYFEQFn4FOZZJwJM8sFCHv03SQEErISZZmW1J0kAmryXgQCH FTTJhAN8NhkA/a23UwEYiDVNBhhMUsleo+3IY48+7gTNB88U8MxhP5KkjwGZGNkQAecVIMmP0hxE kzSneXcYZ5UQUABMGFzQUVmaKMjPJAeow1tD0pDIjycArCNhmg+tUwA06uQ1gFY5wcUPYfwUQJMH XnHCJ3ufbQLAMwZ0wiT+P+oUIM00LgZg1AUb9PbQB964A4AnBfKTgQH2GTUUP5n81N9O6oDAz3jq XCDJOuv1Y9idnUTHT22YNrQPP5IAxskHDXq3EEOd6HbeqxeICqNDGwA2jSYGTNMoP5X8pImV01h2 Iknz8YYPZPhAVdAHGaCJXol6kRQNAXY6WgAn1RZgyWF3EvpXoQ65pw40/GxQAD8cBFyQUKjVp4lX UaoawCbb5uoBPiMxBKg6z/SDwQH8dMBsWdIIWIkA/KT2jEP6bEDROtE1uOOWvmKgzsRqDrBmg5YV a7JZOtFbwFvF8UNVrpd+oNtbOiLJ1DQCHpAJb71u0t/RR05N9UOceOX+wTMBEPBd1QytIwABARwg 8UCZTRMAB7uO5tEFmmH5zGkVlTuARx5kMgnLZa3zGlFcvyUxQ7NFAwAnmABQ7UMXCOCdURnXZFwl KE0Dc+FrO/TxAdAIMAAA4Um8Tz/6LB5NAIYFQJPUDKkTwG5u31VA2Qw9xYk+GEADWVkeualZAQII UIA6/awzUGlfYVAAnaLuRLmtmI2caE13Dan2BppIMsBommxAeEQAcB2erOpkYCWjAGSSCQA4m0yA AAEYYCUn46bE22MDUCoNBuFq1etDDH6ntM6dR2I2cd+ZBMABdXDlcvwYwACAt44MBOw9xMsVAAoA ALVlABoDsAtJ7oT+QYocIACck4Y+8KGP+3FtE3JRxwHCVJbZcKBBkiJUBZshgGboAwSXuITIRlMa rSzlgSWrID8MQJMPBEAaoTGK6iR3wXE1xUXS60QAAlAUaVwAHxPS105OAgAN4MOBYWSIB2jSLK+p cUcFUcwHCoKPhYCkPl5biGWIUjhpFGCELOpRQV4XN4sxBQCvOYij5uIaspTlTilRx2HecxICFGQ2 BhnABRBXlmkUYAB2spzbXEOTk7xlMBL5jJgseZj6NOYZpsHEOgjASd/Exi+X08dh4pcBzQzGNReI mUEIUIkBSC4DcnIIPg6DKGnE7E6SwKAH8iG6jE3DAAewZFT4AYL+AkguQaIqXWgyKMwAXIATBJDE COlIkgtkgC6VwEd9QpQWKA3gcBrQxyQsqb5M9kNSIdOEPgrHS3eaJQMauBFyGBhHfoBEmQpNFPgk VsNOWNKaaRzAeQJQCYABDYkTWRY/EBWyxvTSi/rwBgA2Yat1EM90T9kAAdTGgQG40AAEWB6Q1AI0 mzEFi/351DQIQLTF7ARFP3RkAzkgEQDgIzULwUcGckMukgyFb1vqz/nwcoD2mAUDHTiA5C61o3t5 513e0cQBfjeAha1xrTyahrk2IA1PQCpExTySJjkBkk5IIxr62MQHOJEfL+quT5qhqrD6FQ3eGHId KFvhUB31Gq7+vsoAFpOGR3xSEQ5wggMGSGNFNhmNmBkArhOymDrYiSZLZGwi/gkjmjJRgGl0YABx hIYe3eVISUzCiqma0zwJ1wlJKKQAHIDT+M4U02O5ZlqX01onGmOJRa1EExbT5AbW0ZX/dKJUO9nE l2ZiiQAEiQD9kgY0bLS1THBAN1F9iCRW+4ENaGB8wXvGNI51yQO4VRPCqqtHNFGnvF5AAwudRpHk q8ANZMJtZdzJB3qJn+hOKQDrkIY0JmEAaCDquZKQaHh2YqPUcCK80DgAMRmVN7cOABU2+t76GKIP q7gEMvGyYr2KNBiVXeAZWbvKY4U1EE4E4Bkp2laR+CEAGzj+ar1ce8lO1MkQDHigL9N5BjT6QZWC QKMD/5FpWQaggdRk4i8rsROjkLcOnyTskh4CoovSF91oSGQa0xhMpNiKZx6tYxIZqDPnUqLG9whA rfzohO9M6aOC6Mpaf+aVr8JUroCNhnUp2YgANNeQttFEYAMgkhcvtDWxRQMa7RMjTwJQgACYknXX IQlRNkmA/G3NKAXxDpfGEkwEjuaeSqnJBcaGzmgYIGyeYMg+BLAJyXDgd5bQRwYc+OGPiI2y0AiQ /tgooo1tjVANKYh7evOBgKmuId3brgAW9ZBwEQo/BKD1B0uUVpU8cGEXEttIK4Jsjw07XtRptJc4 95YtEUj+Zph7CgdOCBj49UYwrfMnQ4Q5Gk/crz8JWdF6pjFCSEmjmvfeCQY2jU3OJbshrCOUcfK2 ow5+5H4ZGMkfdeIor2xoNOQMgE6eIbYPe0Qaw9ZvQyDu2YaELACSQMrvIhNfBuZ56STJR9CPhMJu b4bgiV5P4HZ1QpNRPd3GdMhe8KGjqI+mbFHPerf7gQ/iudzpZdnHCY0I9kzHOO0jufrYZTaxsBuH M2wfu9X3UhCPnNAjnNk6dkTHELHrK+6CN7yx0d4QmREe7XUftzHXY3atyx3xfv/6TjhfEcdnuusk UfwJnw7jyE/M6t0W/dwuL3XIy130Mst85GFkd92tPu/+U99M4FEv9+DDxfZML37qBbtWyxt/+cxv vvP753zOOH/61B8N8Kt/JOXjWfvY/xH3uw/+8It//OT3evnPj/70q3/97G+/+98P//jLf/70r7/9 74///Ot///zvv///D4ABKIADSIAFaIAHiIAJqIALyIAN6IAPCIERKIETSIEVaIEXiIEZqIHntxfS h3wbCIIhKIIjSIIlaIIniIIpWH6z9RyjNytBx3lxJDPhBktQwhuZMGRwAXq+xyfG0SwxZjIe+DpH oYJFaIRH2IBoAwAas1YFkT4lsxcZkEEccEk6cSwvJnV4xgGIhoRd6IVf6H9KxDXFog6WYAnSUAmH sQ7+llAJ6JR4nCAJ9eJUANABA+EReGEcl6RMacgP02AJklA7cMEJlaBhz7APlgANmlAvMNYJmKAJ aTINlTAJJaNQhFKGkuAJ1weGm8iJnYh9BLBOVPQo39M50GAVhCQA/gIdF3RBEgUANMMnUjgSktMJ IPEMVhI2B0UUA8A1HsA3JBQSA3ESWERe0sA5XKM2nfYowMNanuiMzwiNzJcanZAaoiIThOIakVgZ M9GDqyEwi5FXOggqAKAPHhEaeKUW0rAB1PI+VqIT6RMxopEW94Uc/eAdHxAaAmEJhBIbbrIBfcUa 0SiQA0mQPNIZnhMip3ESvCE56uA3sEQRMNZMBoD+QRrWKZgiiwxBF9LwhOqAAVwBAOOUF32YQf90 KTLhPcXCJR5JSBiwEAMgEsv2PQJRkDVpkzV5iu7TORQCFVI4DRIBDfigCU7kGyO5kYjSC4WSkX0h Mk20OBIzAAdAOJeyEh7QD11DF+qwEv0hKRlQi3AiGjWlDpnAKIrRWzeJlmm5id6hE3E0NlaEalhU DazDUS9iKktYIokCEmfSEFLYE1j0Fk0khRlAGV1ySb6DHOMyNPlEGcO2GGnxF3QIG7HVOpgRPd+n lpmpmRvYCRvUEJNwXWvCk2QhDRyQAYAmdBggCZpAPvhgLjhjCRqgARnQAZTYmdTSAaf5AZ+RD5Vo wAGIch4a0BSccC41UQkZ4AELoQ9jhgGZMBAfEB5uhQHcs5nVaZ1H2C71MmyJM33qYB7rQBfrcp3j SZ7OWI5SJxiENAAjJzqedZ5794Nu54GYgnjnOQlYpGoFgXlyByOiA3jwWZ4lGBAAOw== ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C9C8B3.95D623B0 Content-Type: image/gif Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/MediaObjects/11060_2009_9864_Fig2_HTML.gif R0lGODlhiAEEAfcAAAEBAQwMDAwCBw0LFRwAChQABhMTExwcHBsWFxgPFA0OIxYVJxsbPx0gPiIA DisAEyQGFCAVHTYEHDAOHjkEHyUaJiUcMS0fNjcNITsFIDoLITQTIzoSJj0WKT0cLCQkJCsiJiws LC8nKysmODErLjIjKz0lMD4uNjUsNDQ0NDw8PDY3OR4eQyUnRikxUjw8QjU1Rz09Uz09XTQ0VC4u XTY2Zzc3aDs+Zzo5bDs7cDxAPj5EQT9HdUQJJkoLKkcIJ0MSKkIaLU8RL00UMFQNL1UNMFoPM1cU LVgWLlESMVgVNl4XOloYM10aOlYYNkYlNUI0OkE7PmAWOmIbPGAWN2UPOUc4QG0XQWwaQmYbQHcf SnkdSnMaRX0jTXYgSn4kUENDQ0NDT0tCR01DSEtLS0RKR0FBUUdHWUlJW01NV09SUFJLTldPU1hP VFRUVFlSVVxWWVxbW1ZZVUtRTkFBakVFaEREckhGdUpLelpaZU5QelphXl9kYWNbX2VeYmBgX2Vl ZWtrZ2tsa2Zlam9vcG1xb3Bvb3Bwb3V1dHZ2en19fXd6eHBvcVFRi1ZWnU5Oj1tbpF5eqX5+gWBg p2Jiq2xsrm1tvWdptGtxumlwt3B0vnV4xH6Afn6BgIQnUYQoUoosWZMqXZEwXJsvZJcyY5kyZJ81 aaE2aqQ4bag5b6k3bqk7cKY6cLE+drVBerNBeIB/gIGBfoSEhIeHiISIhoyMjIeIh4ySjo6WkpSU lJadmZubm5aZlZOTjZegm5qhnp2loaGhnqOkpKSqp6ysrKWrqLOzr7W1s7e3uLq6tbq6urW4t66z sIeH54yM7YeJ6o2N8I+S8ZKT9peX+piX+5yd9Zqa/peY95KT7p2g96Cf/6Oj/qmp/qKj97Oz/7Gv /8G/wMLCvcLCwsbMycvLxMvMy8PLx8vRzs3T0NHRy9PU09bd2d3d3djX2NDPz9/f4Nvh3t/l4uDf 3+Hf4OLi3uLj4unp5+vr6+Po5uzw7u/z8fDv8PLy7/T09P7+/vf49yH5BAAAAAAALAAAAACIAQQB AAj+AP0JHEiwoMF/AxEeVGiwocOHECNKnEixosWLGDNq3Mixo8ePIEOKHEmypMmTKFOqXMmyJUJm 4ASWEwRIHEF8iAa1a8mzp8+fQIMKRWkPkIBd/s59ELYrBTt/CN0oyrWCIdSDEK1aTZiV4FaBX72K xfpQa8OwXNMWRAt27Nquat2elRuXbFu7c+vedWgWL96wbK/qFcyX7l6O99SVyeXvGGN/KpQJVKci KjPCQzNr3sy5s2eNfh5DXQRGobjS/gDVglqPnbLXsGPLnn1stu3br2vj3g1bN+/dvn/fDi6cdnHc xI/3Vm47OXPnyqEfl16cunDrsc9lROgHl0BmYxT+7btqDoxAP7z8qUMkJwRNQPDjD5IfH/58QPMH 3bfPvz99/PjtV99+AgIIoH4D+lfgffkVqGB9BjaYoIEU9ichhBQuyB+C/xEIIYMBYpjhhxsKCKJ/ FoaIoYcTXpgiihGqOCKMIHL4YoUx2siiHyrYgxF3qykDhjoD2bPPPymcY08ITyGkjCCfRSnllFRW +ZAbT12E0CCMIRICIGqAcU8iivhDjAovpHeVMn5AhZBCb171Zpz/1CmnnXLmaSedcwpG55138gmn nm7q2eegf+7ppqBtJepooYgaGuikhB4KqKKVQroopYlqemicmSpaJ6OXBuYZn/5gqdGe+NTjaqH+ /txzT0HiAGLlrbjmWtI/xMxSSy61/BpssLkAO6yxyP6arLDHLosssMlCOywvsxqkakvg2Krrttx2 S9E9cjBzzLjK1IYMMuaOOy666rbbLrvuqgtvvPSiq0wcNllbD0/gtOntvwD/i48sVtZi01bXqoQQ OHxgFvDDEEdpTyII2TPGDmeYkbEZaMAAC2GjWsQQo6DiidAs+RaU8ErZRuzyy53ZowhC7MwATTM4 4xzNJHkI1E85DLWTZcj7sPPPOX026haobaHckBv7YqstzFRX3dOYNMdQjTbWdF0NN5sMIhMAav5j QBkGCfmPH9VqRIyaTlubJUsMW2333SjhM7P+P/TE0PXf1lRjib/iBBCHQMgc4EasvNRCpJBm1rlL MOKUY085yuSCD1TCGOwPPuWIU4vRaqQwqywpE+QGPDzV6jDesMeOkT2LCMSO34Bbs40lYvsjpBpE IgLI4mUwUksU+4gzxj8h2BOHagYg0o4BtQAyRmpxCBOCOOocsAgiKuDjRvj+oO4w1DwpM7Xs7Lc/ Ee0I9Z277rwLdIwcsOTyjxvClPHPMfUoxwrUUQ4w7AMMx6hMagTRjg98LgX7OIY62pECYbSDBP3w RwrawQttxU1lc0sJQlznvhKa0CDw88ftcjcNwfUOGW4Qhx+IUYgC+gMRaoBFCNpRngMSY3H+/qgF Itxhnnqs4B6KKIMsKkgZgaiAHR0UyAdVF0KVqO+E3NqKqbDoEJnR7AzVmF/YEGceOaBAHOIgQzlS 4I96gICHBkwBZYikAkE0ER+RUcF4VhCMdqxAICuA4h+keDCVRY0lJOSilLaoSJF5kW8xkAY0pBEN SVqDEj3zHRmCeABN+sMPYIiDClCmhn1URRlkiMMHFqEYf9hDBfcYBBgAMcvTCOQF6gDHB4hkPrm1 zl+NjJI4msQMXmxuMrmYxWWCKZEU3iMMGjuDNM9QBxgkAiwZvFQ9EHKPPfFKGepwA2PG449+1Kke s5pVNu10jwxOcSArU0nLGMnMlhBDAMT+8McsDPCByiBEFh9wAyLqGZGJgcUe9EgoPeYxD3rUg5wZ mYUapELPhjgNYYcUoT9aRtDNxBIAx/DHAYLhjwBI5oaAIAZEO2oQfNROSz15p0DimZIrsnQzAchn TkuaT3/EYQWKu2lDUvgPYfDiqLzQRVJzkbrBmESmqapiShIpVKHs1ADCKOkyzfE/AVS1II+sRwV+ 4IOylpUIDwCiesABDq7WRSHt8BGenOoQ82GUJU5aH676Qldu7RQQIVClO9zwD0WkYAdo++pAkCiQ eDxBFalgBSomuwov+AsfH4jDIMQQB7YgBBY97QhUaYoS11U0M/g4gGTE8QEDzAIsgwj+wAdOGjBA lCNWiHBDOfohpn0Awg8+UqxA8EGxNpqgFMhN7imy0IfhQhCQ5vBdLSSzj3Kooxa3BQeR2GGwcoCu HbmgrUR6CcLW6bVKzEgBACSTAkQowwBEYgYA1tNJ4baPdo01ASmSi1xUYKG5nyMBM8qxi+sNQwW8 KMMx+hECP8giBPgIDWQQgYgPlCNMuQhBaCNyUUOm77xU2kc9BCCZ9fpDAMhQYYoHwcaHmcybr/tq CuNxXP6S4hT/Fcg9RCCHQZChDPcAAzL+wQwyLEk7bxCGIYbxw3KmwB1kIKktQGzRps5UqiYZIZWp RGJ/mNjEUPHDB3ZiX/alsB4mGAX+f0vhXwDj47n+UEQeVMCGiUpvBT6SAzEEMYxgQMmn5SCDZGYh ti2OFssnsamuTJyCRYgDAeVoxz/AEAJ1rLRb5ViEIja9aUlwWhaI2DDEvnLagu4NzfstBSlWjWM3 w1kOtXjDMPyRC2IgyUdwGIYhguGOF6gwBFCWzJQpYlcPSy3GUzKp7z4QgFm0QwDMCMABDqCCf53s AVlYghSkoG1uL2EKPThcmV156sdOdrKmeIUXAHwPFJRBDmNokzjKoIYxsGMfsPQpMRDBmFmUIQ4H cIcawPGPWkDJ0FZOVUblueUpdRMs5DTnPu5hj7Z5CxdLaMW5N46KVXhC3KMuZkb+leG5j0wMIWKV AAVWTgEJAIEAQPyHiNmxL4T0w2hQOZKbzFkPYriDGGIyJ1Sy2ZVDfwQtI9tow3SVdGQDrBZKOMWq Va3qVaNCCyAHGEIWwc+qSDEAYAiAmjois4GoYxxoP8c5zIH2qJkqLPsQxPNu65cqnw/RESn1QDg6 boUFUQmoSDV/R3EKrLvMACQ9QE/jYJ4UlEnvBbmHHyrHPXVY/vKWTwcazWEOcZBDHJ0PHehB3/nO j74c7igH6jdfetJTHo2hE707BpFw9GUEHWTexy+EsRWmrHSeuCoHM5ZBr2UsgxkL99YtAC94/p7C C1kPGBhWUAsAZNUf5ZD2B47+2ZF/7IIWtZiF+GdhC/GXX/zh9xX61R+s9fuq/elXP/vbL//w23/9 veA+FTFyj1wgACk+5QeaRRCC4AbDQxB8dytW8ABBAAQO+IAdAARDQACvBXmdAXWBt2bIVXiHY4Ge wQ76EQDLVAablAKF5i0euH8XgQ+8EAJIYUv/sAJkxg5eBwaFBHy3MgaekAqn0IOmgAo9WAqroAS0 4HRWghAY2HzKtQXRBzAdBAgHwCuyIAsIsE+MkYJcgSqwkjSi0iiWgiowtoWw8jTJJxFAQmviVgYn ZUupsRoL03CdgRBjsAVSl1yrpmaoQAQVGDBJqIGlcApM6DLtAAhxcFu/YCv+slAGY8dFpDURcbAa uZCGa2gebagegkAGIeAgEyIinLginfiJnDgIFeAJpuCHbLYEKWAIoIgjq+iJrtiKoQgfgrACTXAK pmgKnvABg+AHsNiLIqKJvgiM9SEImyYIfoAIigAIyCg8vtiLwgiLmviMn2giEOIHePYjqcEY6pAC MhdIzmUPMXhbeaUpWwgnJVMygEKOXRgy5ugnctgFtqiBpMAKREAw3tSO5eiOfpKOLwYW7fiPSvNi SAh4plh4crApAMmPjnKO/tiQCamFmPIpdWJOdXIk/0CR7BiQDBkp/aiO6MiF+LiODSmG5RSQhbI6 2OgHr3VDZAAGtYMIryX+C2KgBn82jrcih1tgClO3ZqlABEWIhZmxfBmogagQiH23GbKQAB+QL/fg BgEwQFdShhPRDsf0D2g0GWRmDspgFVRlJXNYh0Tpk0ZYJQOJCn5ICqZgeC4mC4rgaWwZC7CgCGzJ lhYHMOoAAOYwCy2WC5WRAosTFo3oEWEhQ3vlD2MAj6aICknwk3wYdUq4gUYZMPUAAU3QBEtwmZfJ bZZJAEQClJlRDgCAD8MAANxUcAdwGYCJdzAlEQnolTl5lnlYhA8jlI/JZlpwkA8TDx2QChx3bqew CkCADhHzD4NwACgQAAxBDAewkmTIL3DIGQghBojph7E5lgXDfH7IgRD+Ew8bYIdUV3WmgAHCOWrE oD47UHGxsDgp0IFPo5oi8YbWuRnSWYryWJ2eCRQIIZQFqZYBw52muIHiOZxQeADqkAtjxmze6BCB WRKmhStzaJbUKZaziZ0aqJ33GRT10J3/eQoB6jL2kEH/MCv/AI4QsaAkoWhkaZh0aIo9yZgo+HdD uWaA2ITdUg8d8J9/2KFYZHt+15VVIgYrSp2LCTF9WKGRCTD+WZs3pqMnZKIjgaKuGY9h6aL/goEF yQU0yi34sAH0mZ0BeqH4eQ/5MKZkKiv3sA/5gBZOKhI+SiVz2KVrZp+NCaFrdmNH+i/cCac2xqHj GTCDUAJQAAUnMKj+hHoCUAACqKkvv1SYb5qYYgmmPZGfBJmd0LedGlqQTPova8AFoxAKpBAKneqp oXAKPqALCuqeI4GDXtkFeppc1TmhMep8/AkwW9qqyHVjG9CnANMGK9qqQ+gLp4pXG/WcnXGYtspm j2ptMFqb2vkw8HCp2SkBwgmpPvEGQVqnq5AEwPoVPLoSUDolOEmncSqhAaOf2Wl41NoTGYqjfAox 1poKppitptqe5qUrD8qiyfp0FCqjd+otGaqTZ9muD2OtUmpjrDAEwNqcK2GTR6iix6qYVOotRSqj s/ov67qhmeotbDCddZoK2vo6axoSDZqD1zquEbstkhqrylWx3lL+qxg7rQGzsQVrhx6bsIraEm0a Je/4sEUgm3P6mHaapdviny8LMRsLsB17BPPqSy3xrW76mhF6sky3rOcqtLqypf+5pLr6L2ywBeJK s0NgqtyKqiChZYzqBQ9LriSRrg4xsbJqtbmCtUX7MF2rsqqWCmGroFJpEk47JcbqqFK7LeZap80q mdBKuF8as6x6lh67tOWVhbviDzkrJY3qhx4buBwhPh+ACAxRCyHAuSRBm1Ubn1TyrMeao1ursRxr YzWrtx/GqItLnT07EggxfcoQAATTGAdgoKsREmXJrP3aLXKLqanbLUfLuB87tgNRD8jAZEDDoMTK GZU7paRbEbP+AAbEEAInNYupYR5g6rZLCLe44rLEa7QlC7YAyLS8IAAA0L4A4D8naithcQ+qpw6H 9DPBxRM4mbaYuxG7cABqoFoCwWKp8UffO6kViqUQk6G1CaAwCzAyy7gI67r1EABlIAzMwAyKAADM uR0NMbm5YAAhIABA1A9kIAC79BP3KqT9i41f4g+rJEUhkCrseXQwGrDByy1JWpATULzcUrdAi7fb 6kugOShusAbVm3e+I79zoQ4WJhDnEJofsIfC+pWwObskQQzaNz1DFgLTRnciMbgyWqkPU6tKyqHa QbddYLek0Lr0yg4CIAiR1g7CYAC1YyrsIA51WV35OxCECRH+ZfB4rvQBhLy3KGHFUZvEFKEOAOQ7 PoIPx0BmIyG6FcqywsulGJvGAeMGORnESSC2+oIQG+y+ANA8EgF0ceAGkmwPZTA+REIQkyu5BwBR a+AG6mAAi9gSiKyBqTC7kMq2DwG+G2jJ3HKx5QvMLNEGsduxE0yvk9E54cVIK5BPZbCHyahPwDSO 7BgycaAGAqEM5qACY5B9VzgqXygq6FwqkBIn8+mo9kgy6xzPn7Io5mzO8vyF68wos4DA/NqB2+yP JHPO+Xwp91yOAX0Vz8quGDAO9KzOAknQMBbRDo3P96gpRxvEefvPtrcPuxAHrcxKSrwLH0AGKSwQ Y5BibOj+x3/mEHJwfYYgNm5AAh1cxctssor8Gbmwr7IKTADzr3MbMHDgtWepCkMwa87sBgAQAAZg AABgAOIIEbWwCOyACEhRu6tVbbajCHEQAoqACIuQCIgA1t9DJl2NjIqwCHP5PV791d/z1V4t1mBN YYvg1hQG12Ot1m5N12QCAp9wrKcwBSoAamEt1nKdCHdd2G9NYW8913EtCIhQCBQG2Yqt2IaN2HS9 2GGN12BN2IoABk1gt3/oCSEw12Gd2HJ92Zs91l6N2IS91nFd2myd2Zb92oxN2bId14sACIcroxyw B11N2LGd17SN2phd2Yl92bFt3MKt2Mmt2Zlt2CVAirX+iQpKsANlXdldvQKbc5e2tg/9YA8fwMQP oQIoTYn+IAiv1WQIIWK74AbzoA7ugHnxrQ7pIN/wPd/2Dd+Yt9/8nd/9vd/zoAJf4NdKUAj4UN/9 jd//bd/twAwQUAVLAOGXWQVGAOFVQADCwA4L7t8L7g7wgAg67apdUAbroOAbfuIozuEpfuLtAA4c oNDEoOH8beIpTuMdvuL6fePqIAYDjrycUA/9TQb7AprVghBk8JcQgQhgIAxgsAvtACXmgAK8MM2E IQ6907BAeqwtetMPsQ5PsAqn0JuU9QRPDRK4EOKqlpbieyt52sACGzBv8AVfe6t4CwzBeg/MBgiC MIv+1meEvLII+VSgAiEOixBSBWFTW9EO5LDojN7o5FAO4zFXKtHOiZyCVqEOHvCdfhgEDF22VEuU 6Nqfu22HaMzlndG1SMu6nwyyWSIOL2AAAiBbMy2Yw9oQQTYDdCADui4Dua7rNzACiJACB0DIwVUL BlABRj0S02tjEGvqDYHpYLnpnR4SwvyHxDy0GsqsGKDJEAy1RLnqCvsPuZACBnAAgEC2e9F0BaGq OnYG0rAN8A7v1SDv3tAIvdAO7XDktmN9vBAAddl9KjqzrkoEtuDsBqEOHSDwysXpvnvDo5ubmByw GWu8cn6W2TrEj4vU/HQASQ3GNtym93AGzmAN1ED+DSRf8tRwDd3QCOlRDgeQJfeQVcGAnCSx7Pz1 qiGBDh6g8BsYBB7/EVaanTm8LcMrj6WOzCvBBgMOtBcfrNwtc/uAWeINEk4b8tDANfMzDdxg7zRc EMZu6A3/t5UeEpiuZv/J8BcqxrKKmwFT9BU68T/stUCrCh9Lr0ROEPoOpm1qD2cADfPTNdOwDY2A FB+QT/+wE4hgAFtJrTbvqr5M9ibA88jF8GGM5jd27bpCD6OuXHC/LREsj6yw6ty6L3geAINAYSrQ 50869QJhD2iADX9vDYHfCMFgDwBQcwEwDK1FyP/OEfsLuAZfEDov+aXg8w1f7afQBWtuJeTrpT7+ 7PmsyvTNLDcjFALu61q0K7kgxvd+//fUIPjpcUgfeg/4wA74wPhCLbs+CxIIf6ylaPwiEfSVvPxV 0vyI+8Bc+wUKTwpE7bgqyBoAoY7dvXvq8PlDmFDhQoYN/SkD5O/fwntnoFnDmBHjtG2NeCGc6FDk SJETx2w5VUrlSpWoiNCSSFKmQnUeTpFiyfJUkHEzfU6spQQVzpylTmmJ41PpUqYk4W0oqhMDuqZV rS5ls8VU1FKohuyKudBNvYbsAHxwo+xqQ3F+GvKzqE1jRmrcPK61ejJlVJcw8S5E12Fv1J09/yoM OrQoqaNJDz++ig8qV6NTIV9uyuYLqqikViX+8eXQDbuG/RIdm8fssriIDO1ZnEu3Yy9/+fT103c7 9+2Ql/Vy7Rv2sLogNykHKSf87y0lg3Oe2uIY83SZ9DZs7XzKMnXuItto7azqq2jSIO2xe9dv+kRw bl3Djm2NIx4EUKCcOHE/v/0SiZT//S2qVJKAqbe/0LGJJexW4gkz5hQr6pQupOuuwoQko6wyqizk 0B/NTCGKJVIGDM1AhMZCSJwQAGAxAEWoA6e1hV6Dppr4puHGDiJGCSUUUnzsMZRSqqDwL5PA46sI vyCraRTKTEEOMqCEClEnLeT4r0PMrMtQuw217C4rCEUkkTx/7DnAAEEWWeQFAMAyEa8Y/6v+qMYb ubnjCFZUWnArVLhwzzckiwouzqvUMcG5nKDsyVCrEqtyJeiwBLM7DLlibLtKqWOjC+NyGnG8hkbz pxwA7lGIDDemm5OhipyxMTaO8hxTpyuSctSqMrpYMKdCIUNQ0ZyifGxKzghDalPuLuXKS2U55bWz VIYokSEU1QFAmIn+aeeDiHKtqlWK0LAzNmq2obWUXlU6BYsi8TryU1+TsCXLQwXLkFjIEssuumen e2rdlTL98t/HOgVxsQF1MdMfNwAIAAEDIFaHVT7otCjWuepKlzB37b3qJIFLISW4y4KNdCVGQa7q wWaTNRgyZgmzDNyYlRIz5VBDG7U8f3L+UeGDEAbxuVh/2mvoHnLjs4bjI2qV9Io+WK5Kr5S7eolq poLN1zDIHrwaundvtkqykUl2luy/OhWW5DLjRNEfcVYIgMUDZoFRRoWUjkZjjc6lNexbL4uXq1Sy tnmpmtrmU18j/YGUMH8TV3ukeiZrVtPKrWJbWtDMRFPNRRJRIdvpWEv6DFhvRPdpUlJmRWqtmTrp 2KIOX/Kxxa82qsHL+EV27M2Vigeqqwke/qo3uoDa7SQY7rnUU0Hyhww1Zv/poW8pUp1pHANfDJXB KZ+pcL4QBzbB45IzOvIIt6A0+abM5j1t+ZnKauQRP4ebLGy1/cc/2OEt7CkFda7KGOv+8rSn8A0O M2JACXAIhBl1dCBhXPHdvqi0GAkJ734jKR5lkPdBrGzBdmSiVsMeFgAD1M0A7jhdoPaWQHO1rnld uUIeCuiTABEKfbpTX1SglBzyzQRsoCoZzEjok3p0oEs1w4yKDIA3hLRjBQiQBbTkNbCFNeweuXAD GMqAiIoR7mh6S8irmOa0G4rPgyEblK9+eBh0FIcyO2Hf1zYYISUuUSbFO5uGqJOCOOwiDvs4UVoM II7psE1nb7MWWRxSRKUgDYGrkxWe9HQ1N+6QJEc626+A6KTjeO0xwHsfrtZDSbxIhneCxMw9ArCC EFDRHwfIhT8Q8BFWkqRzCvtc9MD+BI6LuYpcfsvI91yXslPIDjNjiFb4snYZRDFOXQ3qZUOMpbPG YGYiwTjAB6RjjzIEIIvTCSGmtHOO6dwjW8oAQDsQgkt/GICXl3GkwkRlLdKoIwVlAIMKVACGFNgS MnMyEd+QuREbCk6VkIFmKOd4oCBGxXGHcd9z+ggZSQiiHPKcyCIqII54TgcfHHhiwYr1AWJgyx0H AQMg6mEAtWAmK23bWZZQhI8DAMAAP52YIGYXQIYYSlwKodFCm6bJE9rqjU05UlNXYjJgAcGapbjo XzJqpaeWZCEhmUgcDhCCYcSEGAsII3UuJ0L7XYYYLZQFSUv1gQDIEDL548pneGb+rXkgBB8AAIc/ +tEPosoEESpwQx7/IQgVxAFV1DtqQpKqQD01S3bZFAk0GSfK4XggkCszmssk11WFTEQcAfhACiQp BwOEwADB8EcwxCELA4AEDIHwwwEee5l0Zk6lkLHHQf5xEH/cQ5KN/MIWVeKZFI6qrwgBRBmVMouk KCOXE8nFGPwhCEQsRBkX21ZIJisrGwInC6rcVlh6YyCwlhaUwFGSRNZLPeqlt74xmQjKSolf+qo3 Iell7zb5kqzC/pe+6c1FGcRRjm2VQx21QABpeEEMYSTAH/hoBwDEgS2QCse+8z1wfwGpTgw0ir/+ VU57+1tYFoOkwChm74oN/I/+X4JKFc878UTc8FyruAERgJCFek5EjIeAYSHgECpD8lGHcm1Mk8pt yccwW1R/iAy+BYLMOiq6qAw+JhfN4eZGZ4KIEKgAEQZSATIQgowDHIDIBmCGMAxwN7Wi9I6a8+NI 3vAF/bEiCcBwyBt4/OKZpMAP7RhjTMCgFnEYGSH2EEctyCAOZCBDGZdWBjGsEI015qiyhOGCGMph aUyX2tSnxjSplYEMcZyAz8BRAh9GjWpa1/rS4tAFvo6TC3Ecw9a/LvUxWNMEqbakC2AQB7BNLYg4 yAIAsxi1ORjxAUyLg8LJFoawgyGMZCvb25geBuZoxotef1vZxzgGM9Ctbnb+q1vV5v61FV69mBsX otumLsNxq0IGRqsgIXGA7THKkJB67AIRK9hFLhSucF7YAgbSWGPrcHoKLyB84RfHeMY1vvBdkMAT oVwCGYRRi42XvOS8WMQGis2uDiAi4SaHOcZ3oYYmQFldX0gBL2J+cV6kABCSEAAgFqHwAwB84bx4 uc5xsQud79zpR+fEddTJgUW8/Okm34UbCIABCXRdAhPw+gQcEIKrOz0F87axE+Rg9Yu/gLil8kPF CO2QXMShHWSoxT3AwowUuKMMtfDuIJLG5E6DL0LjE5T+OPsXLQcSq3n08h5ZMgpUEDh7uUAAAgAB DwDUox8BgOG/ekszdhr+TRdNWIUpVG8KVKz+FZ4gLVPeoBWdeQXQoyKLaQHwIqX8IxdkyOIBeaEG g7Jne715Td/iA7inWfahBv4q9EUihmgSKr65MlT2/YGgz2KztJPUpoFRKaJumkjFDMEHaf5RjwCy I4AB7Mc9cNOPfeAmN/S37/ejH/6YjB5U6+yv/zC/8MOFJFgFnTEFLYAD/ZM+AXQIzWge5qoWAyMV hCiHDxAAFSiDgjodNHq0uKCsG2qX5/OJciCoOAiJdnADFVAGNTAh+MKbKWMIrmmWLjsM5rA5sfEk mQAEFIiCFbAPKABC+4gCEKgpyFirO/stvCjAVOAkBWyk6iMT/omkmBD+hgA4ABYCAEIYKvDzLg8s LvioIcN7DgdiCl4AA2IghpAIATCQhAOIAE+gDKoCohtSiay6CmN5mdj7r3ZIB3RIh0AMxHJIB3VI ByjgglIIkh4RhR4ZhQwohh0EIScisSW0ionAhSNwQiRKwAW0KU/xnL0SC5/5ByF7PzOKrA+EBrkw F6YSHLuSiYmQhRBwA0ZCCESoB1kSAFCYw4nCC3SwqleyweWQPJaoPD5ECHAYATqwAhlwxme0ghuQ gQj4hJTok61YhR+IRN7agFdqq8PABaHoDFTYAk/EJ1DUJ7AQpkeTBQU7wstAKO5xBu9pKL5AvOzZ hUUwBANApCryltr+AQ5fXIvFeZIokUHxE0fJiR+fMAY74IZqqIZu2AZr2IZq2AZt2IYRkMKBUYUf KKuDVAizUUJJJMAk2ERQqTxzvKsI0qcJVIi4OZMPYBFhQIB3fIwDMrA6YcW5UCYGipCPaQpxIId5 AAB7sMAPyCIrWwxWuL70sSY8wozx0wl/WYpksINtuAb50MqmoQZrGAGWJJQe+EjIGLHswLO/wAUn uKFObCQTeqRg4icr1LAQKIcywBKQVAiISJ2LCMFmkTKmIIYACAAdqqU4AAAVSIEEAAXFiy9q8gBS wiBTusGE/D8x86qGnEimsYYL8AScSgWxxAz/e46zZEInSAWuYMv+T4zAMoke7AqAewiBdoiDOSDJ 8MPJGVrFEBScqemlcmCGiVAGdSgHNTyGs5MoLNOdRClIEzulYpQUyxyJZbjKadDMEkBHlATNyxBJ syy9w8BEkwwbKLQp2gMmhumfhBgHAFiBAxgDARCG6dDL9+DLTFoghzKjiApI5KSjLRsWyIMXyFHL MENGf7DKbaBOptHIzQJNvPSrbhxJBvWHtDxNZFHJg2GeR2quuEyIWmihABC8DkwdTOJJVxQiLNAh Snq/FH0/RIKgzZomYNE1whhGvDiiVNohzDzQ+LiALqCMzywrbgykb0RLJTjJ5yjHKISyUFFHDU0I dmip9dCeEFX+qllxnahghSrQISmpMvL0If38C4JcHy2Vyufkw4lIhjswUM3kTMVbUCQUt/8jzUuM UPAkDC+o0MO4KQx1yYSASX/ghYkJgO4CUQRSPvrcJFAjQZJgB0VgEzZRBERQhEdVBEkQgY/jpMZk EpsQRsnUKudkF+gUCRxV0858pB7YRjdNKcz4siK1kjv9Cze4ThSCHiYlqQ9QhNLJJczQy4RSnSmt R0LhgkQdiWNgAUqAhGNFVmR9hAhYzPyszYYIDGsaomdliK0i094j0KtUKowYATkEDlOl1oXYTpqh CggtQBEUz8toA095yyUdxZjIhc6TCLQIVwO7zTSiIScjQ53+CFamQAY84AaJ5IZt2IaBJdhqsIBP OBvcqdeEAFMZ9U9iXLluqsqr1ExrKAE+46Q2fYwk9C0tLcBVaJYjVU2dEQ9RfMnjKocDSI57+ADA 09XtwU3vIdEIqQLeVIpjuEpq4Nmu3AhrgAYQsNTz8dJf5E+WmFE5tdZPHVCr1IZpyNG50MiFzU6Z eVPyi9OraMKwsdO21J8uak25+akd6KkVGCgIbYu9nFKmgkxjPC9sVQY6mFJrkAYL+DgJyp3O6j7m xChPZQxQdYhkoIM0RdDk+tYfZYo4+IC9CYFF8Ad4sLOPvYxcoNP3cVW8wKt01CmfEQYBSJM5a6EP 6MfDuFf+VfRVWmlbScECnPUJnd1WurXbC/KVpmSK4FIIdiAL7suXiMWLpTUKwI2+Ao3audhR2TVG jvUJZZAYhdgFAOiup2ArKHqMra3Ty10LCJSWDBULfeOQ+ByX+dyY8iIMZ1IKZeABbfDZ2IgGoT3O qsgwMgAJP2ChXIAHTQ2bpL0K39XBItLZzGQazpzDqv2JOKiFAGjSg4uIgBnJywjZzjCFrsWM5VnN fXpXMCndMGyyv2Eq59uhY6CDnVTf2HVWVgIEA4Bff1AHFdgHXDCA+r0qPFRaT/3dprWD193Muw0f 5JUJRYgDYihKhBgEWQAD+IXeBWYK7StAVQAOLxjQmcj+XFCZFvNk0g5J24Q6pvi4BvE9PNb9JH84 hjtAX6ap26G1vqIliXxkLPnyh8CcBXgQjE11EMo00gE1hjuw4eI9XGwFhBBIAQDIhX+4BzdIgRYi hny42oER0qroDcqdWJLFpxcEJpTlU0n6h3QzxbfzzjNKGjQo1Lm4hpotwwFVBjtmmmoYY+OdKoEU iX3AJTIIAYWohzhQATeWVoPUIBHs1+xJhjrw3/jo1q/V4S4+BgCop/f0Bx1wCwX+WFbihY9QiFxI DuolFAg+xyRlTQ0FBBaJg0GYGJl9jFQMQxHVCCpdy79s3Z1lmmgQ4STJW5moBzdwgzZrB3BgBgQo B0P+CAF2iNEIgeH8lWNEpkqlsEobzlhUJhlUCOZY7CvP8ytUEU1jpABLHAlkOMyYUAdEAADYugUD fBnrvYp8gmIqfFds8YMrVM8UcNdv9maEUKM72depAsry8WK51UxpYF9OUmWvQoRDAgB2EITWOod1 2OeiwF+o8ocafQ4mxtYz7eXYmFrDEeDD8NjwmYDu9IlAJoMUiAllADqw2GhWfU6P5pxY5SLtTVnp SY5/6g5xKJKJqAhOoyxV4CRznollQNP0nQt1VlhnNWqHeNiiWBkIRWquYopj4OWLHYHkqr2o/ouZ AewNsOqZUIRcqIUKEA57mlOw5pN0vSt2BaaU5lP+0jCVikmBN2hYhgDnljbUlUuFe+ziuH1dvW5f FPUw6tEvDOLdtRhTpmWKM73jjZyqhB6JweKHfuCH4i5uwlqHyOULCmAn8rmHAyAoAyiPiTiAj/jq 8BTrqrip7N3TEyELU1GGfQgBNRCgfIBPMKyT063SnxTW8HPdmo7dqxkQM76KxoPj9vlnSQnoc25q 4iXrlfBRbM2FFTiDMAgDM0DwBT+DFZiA6JVobToGZIhne1gBeaon7E4CEXTklTwbvRKN8GaRERcA AHALyokTQ7ng9V6+X32O1d2hUa4GvMYIajBlu7U5VMBUn2AHdTMGdDOGIA/yY8iFoe7POEbXMiX+ UJrWzAQdR+F2CEZwBKCNhmiQBiuXBmighkuYgKfM2pGwLn8IBOKCtghVggPkIM4+GMWmNxyLnnoA BEGQc0EghJI2owumkcJbpsMb0P7VTGzo1l60b4dYhBbAgztA9ENH9DvAAxdQOd6ZVgjVX+BliC/+ 74zQBus06FL4zFP1iUSgBG6gcYzYBkx48Eo84gaE18rVqCaWiRoTEVYYglmt4LW454XgBTIwKITw XtxUKuZrI9eWCdcd9a6EBhwfYZlGhFA/WIsk2ILVBAywOVKY1ssY7GvVZVJucuA+aHBFcX9IhEkg 3LnQBkzAgFTtpfwjKmnWqO3ODLRDIUkG7wv+g9RIjVREILJY3ECFIIa+UwOY3eqVLi40EGfZWCC/ ZF1wmYgvfl1sWGdCoZehmghEiAQD7cpp6NksxoQNeGEi8sLsmfTnw75steHENuiSgfLoC/dLP5eN /ywMeO6Pzz+R4AVWR2Q11xqbAekplOJ3NZURB4ASF3iGkAVZOGGEiIP3RIaBUwhw+NDv/fUN9pj3 pjJlsNifrXFrcHgcRsmcjj5EEPdS3viV6x2Pf5xwTPLevvr/DfCW8EimWPkWN/UMQYUvLypJiPNB 0HtBGAQ5HwRGWAFi0+7pmD1rhst3/QcHKwcHqwd3wPCR2AVhSGHqeYF+S4h9uIdhkIN7YIf+zu98 fHAHM5jHFn9pdrkCN9iHzq+H1cdd3K2H1u/8exAGO2gaMX54XzGCReiH1n/93n993meHfgAEShh3 jSh1jhfGY7iHd+D931/951f95o/+178HRdhvdtkCNTgP6fd91X+HewiG6VTTti8ZH8CF1EeP3od9 4L8HQaCEbS33U88cZOB89Wf9d3iHeoCHeOB/fFiBSQCITZYEbiI40AUTVqRKMWxY6tQWNvjYsZtX j129ixovVtyIESPHjPXCdDnl0KGqJLbufaSYkUw9fzJn9lNWBtHMnDn7hRAE6ECumWqY+VMGZia7 WXFSyFLk1KksQTCmVbNm9aq1a9zuHEH+tfDkwy0hZjld9PQsWlly8FTFilWaBU9gG55aomOWWbR5 Fe21teLSNrdWr1WztMHrXIYe4sjaq5fv072Sn8oC08TkXFOeQpx1jJavLDd1tl0TfPVCya8nUQ1R 07Ts586zVACeZnobJgymEpM6hQEQLM+xE7FS1EIaN2vbqlarFpgbHicK5576QuJx7MjZYZP4hPkk KVROypD9vMLezH/iABkAAADnP505/ykTJuuDMnvu/OU6Kgj+TMoAIp8/95wBjWnWTLMNV6iMMgpY rFzRB4EVynSMHdvYZho0Fnyy21yoEEGLhfLFh0gkgQlGFSaHqXbSKUGMUyKNJvpTixL+qCR2ihdx 1KhTMne0leAIJc0VXg/D/JhTIpOoKJg2mEyQGEO+neNPfEvy0Mw11ChIDTUbbsMDE4iBhYoWcCy5 pj9sdAEieKkk4QuW8rnBjj/71JICAAh8YIA4a5bjRlFlYImICnHso9N6deZkoDNDYjXNVl292JAp V+ThKI3xKUOHpFfZBteHiaUyIqc1LpLihm7htoEqlzoURDls/nhLjrKG5eOS8QWpYYLWlPDFKbqi kmSqFsbX5JNYURPlBN+B5xs6tlrxTKhXVUPmdA6RQoopWshh649uStsQKXLSSaAbMY0DgAFB5RJA lmvWK9O9AQ4on4HQZKsgg0d0u1r+FmrmW+IxQrbqFjZxmWJsEiT26g+KzYqKGwbFJmaKjORieXB8 OOpI3Ra8rmlMhsFaU+S5DCGp5MEWLuKkl25Rg9uUVFJrqxnPJLggmanIGt4WanpcorlHpjLELhXe 6U87AQhgACBxGNDP0TQ2yu+B/1LKFStHooLFpjHbiEzKCUoDQqkhomq2Tieyalo1LbY8a61wsxmy E2bC2GOyJRpzh8rWoHZ3KakgO/HM29TsLM6IP4RBtWzu8Iw2pgFd5tBoGp01gWxscXe6Q9B58NP+ sJNLCO4FsMg7oNvYaL6QJkhNpaZAeOYVJi95DKiaWxONhw+7TaLeOlX8OFZ1H6b+M63ktuMGGMrg m2cc/+SSK8m+/5hMhsy7xXLnyCZ/fSKUOG6N+DjDCdbO58+0A4KmUbMtE0JnlqbsoW/hN7rU5bSY 5KQciPgAAAYkvzUJiECQ+tfNwGas3gXOQgmzGFaI9yFjve1HJ3KS5uqWMSqVomN7SwEgFAEA9PiD GSsAwD5ykQQA0oUL3itRfAbXnGAdTmmLW1MiUhQsKSGuN5Szls8SNKb8bYx//dOJm2hYinTNyWl4 MhExiPFERu1LJ/dAg7/sFzCFyOoUE7JXUUC1sLc4LDEiktiaKqa5V0mRIRyb0QKxpIx7zCIEi/JH OWoBw+0hjkc3pNGvVFYCI4X+6IdLYpb4ACYlEu6MTT0L1hL1Bz8nskkcIUDALGZSDzCAsk1bMF6c kqCLwKUuVcjQ4hb1Fbc8oSEaEKwUGXdHFwrmEUNeqwZcPPE+h7yxgjZCBAgFczO76Yoh0dsbIA9w FFHCkBfcg1/J0HgMtqiMfI2EmQf9AckVQauIlVyTGSKlxKDtiJNrUkEsxAGAWvkjDmVgBgLE4Qct SLF067ITAWdSjkUgUIGx9MfWvHig2wVsZPA7I5uUwYPMJYh4nkBcMSe2PLplAgN1fIgJ13SPRPyj HQAIKDuqeU0YZZNNyRiNylBDJcUpiU1BBJbNIqezI1qyGQy9AxNiRbLPrYn+Hfj4QwruIZMKBAUo gxid0pg2QJnUg3XuEUAg8nbQBnJNncrE5Y54uSbgUdQ0Fh1mQ06FvDimKJILysQGNJaYZ9orBAY4 ABn88QKcpDSGOXJjNnsppJgKU2zmC+dNbcY+aKHVZedc0iXnyC1d8Yioa8KHHCrAwgPgwh8IyMVT Sbe0VaIOT+1oDxnEIQsD5LGTBs2JPbomRq5gNAsUmljCtLHGqwQToxEz5ixRlBy6bSKuJAzpmvZB DGYoVRl506LIKAs4lw6WhxcdmuKKgUZm7XaZE2hslXi6pjM041/KsUOZ2mnZGv0DDOaoBwDU8Y9/ lAEQ9jDAMfwAVbBQ8Z/+OnlaOeAlCHbUIgBYO2h8Evoo2X5VgiHCgo/yqIzqLmxUcaFSMeUnt/UJ phodFWpmotdaZd3or/w9hQ21CdNgjUAubuyBdvPIXWVCi5LiXVIYfBosHqzUIadw55IGEYAADKgM cXjHAQIgh3+0Yb9xkiq7YvKPProHXvQ8KEJfO5PY1k8w1wiYXFdDQTZhCINWAWYbQ1QEOLKXYnNz y4LsBr0r22u+drYz1mxhYvil2KV2MK9VhoXK1Rz2kZMYbk6lBF4jVm5NOcYkt3ZUNI/NYx7xwQd6 7tEOmSSNv0s7nZ2uiCVxCOIA7gkllrmq0C7bDJcTjHA4P1WN3VqlYcL+5OBalyTHFTnPoXNB7hO3 52sftzSciWTxm0zlyE6JM5k2Y+xOq5VHK+h4RUusY2WfeK9Op9K/OWnlTJSLQuB6TMEz6VdZIdcg ykJ0rBNNkDaCOWhiokqjb3ZViz56R3LrZBeLiAXAAx4Lp9CiDE3AdrF/t2IiEevFNQUizZTpPt5Y yVY7aEYk2bdEELN0vf0TnWhVOVUCzRfLReni9fr1066EFdZtJmuwzurGDrZ513C2Blw5Dha6/uge MHgEJBwhdEcEXeiRaMBlpOvy71U3QaiZd0OOBU5Dc9hZNY62rbZkjX+NSQkD87EXPN6pfpCd7PM1 +z+47a1VVLG0Jq/+UIJRvuUDpfti66YOhPmdE18Kz6IYXbPeZ7JRxTKTSkCYUXLPoA1ubIPxjN/G NrrxDTINmy5bGBeZM1Qapyebv1K3FbOG+F2K3/hHMfCqaSYbIiDXSB1RCAPsYX+G2JMhDAjYIH9Z AWWAvt1Cql4wqydVKZ3v8pAIU1hFL+xGwGtUfZFcpnF31LEF7qMM0vjSNGzjpWlo4waco44WjE9y f4DPzKcp7DcDvyxn43v0Oyp9jcKAeldR/kg/FruFknGDaTgDGtCIhv/5XzQ0Q/HoCitUEbuIWu9x kQOdgTP8TKV4RRldgR+gETI0nWBoEEbRHLPZnFtoA1xJDsfQWY3+7EMYRMPtdIP39dMpdIH4VUj5 hYnTuZinLZuqRJxpTBLpNdqSXMvPXNvQZNvEJAMPcENbZE5ZUUPxHMkBklaoLSCBNFDtOGDdWcWC 3B3vLF2NTFg1uJU1kAqGAV4eeeDFGEaYwQiw0Ug/hMH1idENeJ2uhMsLzhLKVJ1gtNgZRl2h/Ujj PN/EvZ+0rcnlMJQdKMEqUNaksUk40AE3ZFxWFCBYjILuedtMtAsUzkeWEUg+0N1sCcyO5F1EBY/a eMgG5loHChHd5IbklBDiLQk/hAGtaZz3EV+VJNyPLMMdmB/7PJ1hTR2zpY8dXsUfUgf80QgPJJHE 3cES0OJDsB7+IjGiI16DBXxBY5FCE1rRJeqEFK7a7UTgJ2ohiV2Q8DRM25xJvYVTxWwevsVVM+3b mrxiG1qb9xVS+AWeTAQJoK3MrdXgwz0SKkKJomEdm7wAMuYU5VGWM5ZIMtBBMF6FNOIeeKQEqP2X AmajPhEIl1Uh+0Qgu1FIHiGDGiUf+p2JGLKV+TmP5MQIHi2JCcYjnG3DLCLkHMrHQuYjHjoc6OGg YASk/WHAlbDJo4nRQWZG2NnKQpJGgjxkY43CKpjOyGWjTJibTHDZyn1d8dkKF9pPNSjlzJkiDrlZ QypHvjVTCZEgjbQkJq1gENbjEGZILBpOF0xR+mlYszVknLn+HzHy4I8EpbNoHJkwI0TgHwwyojq6 BVfmXhI0TQJCZZ383rk5oNc01LeAhSmQjT36A9+JZDWiwm/Z23LchioeVyv+iAmi4BypJfjNJJCk zc2tDCOBBU3lJE5ZnSXg5bQcUR7FQLUJxhLlYZUkpIUs4mzCGdvAyWROkQAtJmNmIteEkbU5WIRo iq0kzKwlXzmuBhHYwmUik5lRBVzpG8/VyBrG4oKopS7RBVsaG0O+ZQ953h5+ZehJHE/mpa3IALas U0Kol1Ey4sI8jjQswEgapwChTkBB5UXmC5d5jatRxxnR5QUCGqlAHXKeY83946S8im/a0fS54gmm ZXp1j1H+uiWL7WOcwNh26eRVPAsR7aDFBZ+o4E/YUEdRutR6JmWaPZliPqHsxEzMgIPcyUS/RCYW wohYLUlW8pq8YRcH1sjgraNcoVV40gg8Bgs3oOa0AE4e/cpbLhJ4HUuMQdxwCqMOAqLFYQ6t9aax JKJ6ckN3PeJIesunYSNUxoePNiCCZAvuDKmPFSmzyVqwJOlcqJX6geVucZ8qkmWUlsgauuRbwGSP oadq5gTKaORVFImEvsxlxuezjSl9sokP4qcmnUS4CCaBHOWGPM72WcCbYJdTEijo/AMxIAIszYQ4 JMIxyEedTqGLWiFHUkefjVUu/umNYqdXktiqdGeUsOP+xmzoj/CDGTAqVsDk921SpM5E+bHnmxKT DZKYpjIPtPVkIOJYM1BqJrkRcA4mm9potrpMcuro0SwCGAwDGIRSgqUAL6zArMoEOAyCnSroup2n HYFiOIEkoNmahJYCZ7LZjzSpqIDg81BJGsKdP8BjxpXnh2JTtcpEHcZU54HFKrwnjTQJBH1rpzra bl7oUILHqO5nmDrksAaQyCknucRHIASKOEyTPwxCLfgDMeRVToCD98RHgs5RgzzImeSdhGEgw7xs 1JVkhbbsW8FKOyaqhVCsgryklbIUOEps+RWmFVpFkdTR5zGO+nTXNtTmwTKarZBXsGgDO3memrbZ Qqb+q2lEqNK0He/JTj28QFDER/UgFM7q648WSB3sqoJ444Nt7fhlplk5DK4NKsNqy1hK32iKJxt6 KGDaYo1c0FuyTC+CnvrAG6fCj0/aSo5pZAQlRBxO15oIZ5co1jSQ4pFIpJwezT9URjDkxN/eLFLM AlKVhyw0hSwcAgxAqxU21I54AQqQhSzAwmsIb1PAgvQqglLkYiyuzboyBCo0ARjUgiI4r/Q6ryJA 7/gqQi3Qhl1iTIYyRAcAAi1Axfg+b/lGLyKMQLBYLLZ9QQg0r1PAwvzKb1PMghworVsMS4ayhhqU x//Cb/A6xWyELo2t6I5wACAocAMv8PgO3Ag8YKH+bgN6WWWVfAEK8K//ku/8DpwtyAFDOqIG8cb2 ksf3Sm8DqwA+gM4iLEKW/APWKMKAzEIFxsc+tAMvuIE6lIMRl8M4qEMyWIE0dKdk+ioZsMMRTzEV H3E75IIo3pwGHewpJMGAVTEYGzE7xAEEd9jkzpUwFHEYU7E6gMML9OfFZC0xdUEZqPEaT3E79EKw IhvpoIIP0IIU33E5uIMRtwMgOJ982qa3+MYwtIMgT7E7ECS5olfl2ZEXlEE6PPIRq0MvEObPxMUB JwEntIM5VDFMZA07fAAgAIIb7IIyjIE/2EMZqIEKqINO7KsDpYHhfs0RFBKfbqH1WmeXLimJIQL+ IndYR4kg1VZIP5yBad7GCkpaxpIf4bDnaxKaL35l48zR6MJIMZZIZCUIj4mtF9xW60LjKHYsnA4B MNTuzLaDOJSDOLBDEMvEPpQDC13PNjpKbD2g5izotCDt+GEi8HjNFy6hmhVryc3HhrkVHU3tSjJ0 eszEKz4z1uZKGQXWRJNcDuWiI7pmHxdavSz0RN9UxuEMlRhRRGNislyOeS0RCDejZY30vcyXqapr NY6Wo8RHfICbRQ6u7RCtpfhqtcYHLp4k9g5zsUpsxZypnEFs5Urp5cKutKpCKQBsb2guiekQoB1O +fTjj4xTDkZfyfZgQdKf6oIfqdJkjZqGNGb+LxWtUpQtpz/UKddYtPBxBTOiQhX8wWXKWiye1eN6 Jq2h5HFpFWl2aIJU6bSyFOatybElyCIhTmxOjFi3X0o/1o9onRJRchOtNZDwQMta4TR2KQLmLWPm qkL583OyHFEP6pHeHKCCh4jQq0kqUWguq1mWyCuSp7RiW3r+DjfxsbGAbIloKvtghQTTZx5dXLBs y6P+JmjnxNwGNigfCdtN5LdV5ALSaQXeNQTqKV0I9O/8WcwxLUOkgtMurIU2zxnDT8RW7VTL48Vq 7WW+lC7CJYZt63HfW4omq43pZY2Ywcm6RdAg5HTXyU27tewiJiXKhCUup12vttr06kNNM3X+Xi96 IyzzoaN/i6nUQixi18grGq5yyDFdsO7LETBWXABcxyZdJpZplBOLWtL8RWv9ndi5Esgi0u2KLIB3 TNH7kEJ2u3M2qjbwScrjcOQEfvfAsnitOW5CQ257H29uz1VU8zYs/uAbAvc04yNh+SaSaJdlO4nZ drOPfbOF9AwEbRwiJvg9tvWKoLc1xqy7QuWEL9iNH694a+8v00hsTwqaZS/CEnOJGPNJtggzglSW W0g/mAFex3Fj+1hwM9sxLJxptNhMmaiMmXkEY0CAX+anWhuPxfT9oVF1ayZ2typq47mWASmDvSTY fCNWhmTdggChJyzkoqhVeEnhUUd8Vwj+WioRitfil5t3sAhacWdzyB6aGLVIqFvSWacogygBLfbG jsvHInZDLF4DkBvPkOtejlIkXYMDH/TrPzcIrdOlOI4iiXoLKnR4zbEftf/6rzU6M883nDE2C1Z6 jUR2pquzQ1Q2YtF7r9M4uPIM5ogRJSP43sytI05DcX7Li5CCKjilzF6id9tpeM9QR14mwZ53rhu6 hUSuxoUgoo64VEf68UZzak4npt9hw6WfTfG6xqE5Xah5hTi3UKb1mczoOSNl414nuhS5q0o4UKOB NAhpEpj6mDEQ8jXuRSkNyR9TlS+WGU7tbsu38VrFb69lUVNzPj7dsmeqzauoIqNL/KD+08JLnOph U4L7CkN6raggdETuHrkvp1QWiAM6cZ8jrHSyO7IrVodAJLGikcmzyAhBNZuYIN33elXL5GWWGcdu Jn9bCHK7xXySroDTCIE/N5mIOSrE7Y+Eg2hr+Ivjbd4zpmNOpQOG91DzDpwXBZR/Ia6Dl6Dm0bEW 9lOH2NYL+1Sv0c0UO8L6OyINvmm4OO4b9/hlvpimfc53PjgXuDAeOH+ZAtDLLX/i9N0+uD9EeDbS KVBDplCLbeCPFWsKhsG6UWd6uPk99LKutFR3/fBPuuVNsw5V/ueySR8mCM6HF0Cg8zeQYEGDA800 q2aNYUOG23gwSVWKYkWKprTAObj+sWAyOt2mOXQozUIXUxYrkko1ZBdHN+w4xpQ5cyA4QP7+Gbx3 BtpCkdamcbtzhBUplBRRVemDkybBY3Z8igxJ0tPJo6VQEaHFlGZORJG2hfy5DdOGU0avlgpSrilB fmHE/qS27QYTVGlRcYnTlmmyOtt+OhxRFa1FlT2GcW26aNI2anLJTrB6lNQpDAJztjXjLKrDaRDt FraIKiPfgR7DBrZ2zYKnU1dVDvGlmOBL07c3irtZMOfOaKo/D0UluiKqK3szz8yJ7A5g1dEsfDJF HKlW2jO/OhdJTVumDXfTqmXLt1+Y34Hn1h0+6ugpLXtNJ4OqmmGJLq+vokJ8nWP+zkSUHAssssmO MoUCgUwz45nOHKomolSoK8WULTRqKyfUrlGNKgJTSiUJXVyqB7cRCVJmN53OcAY4oY4Y7qpTpljK NGXoYJChx6AjLD/rkpPJq8YeG6uss9IyJYhx+OPonjCkUS09u9JyD76mLmyOPmtG+AI/lA5LzLRE wFJNG0wkS4sUUzA45zYrnqEPtIkoM8WLCi0Mh4dtMgyMtS+mo2yl2TayjcTbctJto516Qm8b4agj BRUspuzKn6dsbIgk6fCyzrTs0OvOrAgpOtK08ppUVL1GpbztmL+uHKyUCPXzkq9EgFSNTA5HS/O2 HZpx80FYKbzNI27y/Ik1TP3+TGK2HgcSdNDbTDw0xUqDGkqVIrFYilmZlLmjUmqquRTX6rbadqMf tXNoriFBNXK8tvYxo1TI6lIlwlTj8/bKC+6DdT9zD/KvVqkGDA9NzPjiodcgRXozyjlN+yccOlIL bMNGPQT0IDdEfPY2Qw+6B41Ef6q2xXuvkJGvp9JtKKQct0Qpq60s9Cc7hht6bMjwTlnLtH3Mc5Iu JcBr770kOWK51fvSSmU/0xgLcDttLCkzyst2bUYb1baxg4lV7i0tvjqIVY01Hbn0EMRAYfK45mhD 5onaRU9+8TikDcqJxmriEinHcUtJhUe+OIWsLHvDE5U8JoU+lbJTtohUOX/+PKq0IX5jTilWvHnz J2qcbywYNssQ5EtBoXkgOmw6u5KY4r5H+oBPjJXlj2O3TQMZRc4CM9nF9lLm3KBj9NWwtcyLS6Jc Km2OhBvQrQGX3cSRBPigt+bdjq7QXjzaNOJbFsk+ItPuoZjbaJVa3TEnQL4i0m87nWuvETea9aaS 4eF5s6PrM23ZXNI23DUlWsy6RxrOUzK6FQ0lp7hbzZBhh/ABxRpUCc/MhDcQr4TJcBggX3t8xhd+ nCF7DAnJk37XQO8xLxnFU80ImJYf82WQKenjGpnCUwr4We8gCtIG7KLnICUU5UWRE5YMKuaZ1fSP dmvbWMcG6CN/6K4gO+H+XclYlEKLmAJSNBzIMWqkmnC1BnCoKALNmFc4IX0nh4pry1sSqD3HcQly kqOJfJL4Exi+SoaJ4aFB0gc97uCQZ1hLUJu4FhEitidYNZtYHkfSP9hkzHYCjCK3bmLAFAFngbDq 4veaA0SGYIOMsBpcW7IjympgAgNa3KIbm4I9E26HG3NUoR1ngkdRMuQCrmna05gXyBs5hH2Aq4wh +bIDRAIRNK6kyCkgFh86cGOXF0uWxgzirEvGRBx+kFYcPZNFvHTxjxr0x97EZM2jYLBmahTJKtlY JJ+VcyBAK2HOtudMHa5QUsaQoFhC0jfM4QWYbUkfEAdptRchUzO96l3+NbzGiiiJjS+o2eXZ/GeY lbQkUFAkUT2I4VF/2IMYlhwIFQliRU4Kp2l3o+cXobLLv2VqeZJKZWCqkYlWtvFdsWRc7/I5On7i T4KWw1K/+uhFf4BpgnOpWkYNs0PTOVRAqdOne+53x2mKchpUYWCHALgtbeKmHCvwgwpgkhN2qMAP K+ipP2wiLRX1LouwcilfIjjBqbQmPK8QQk0n586cwVOfEoIlTUjFSfUUyQu4lEkLqwE9hlTjAlqC zeZeulQOCmkCOYSfadhEHwcx4YOjaWRFp3kNye5pXKRgxRCcmE2R3iYOuVgqIpiCCNzmYko5AYc3 cxLckW4yoNMwbgX+u3YyUizXKMs1xd36wZTgCne6k4LKNYyb3eM6g6/MXS5FznQETkhXuDgp7wb5 Ro0TUkO9VPsUc48iqn9kZr4apK4/lnQe7bJ3Gtqoy1ngWxGMyMG89D2vcI2BB75ll4JNmkaWphPg V53iX/a1sIGbtxAGB3SVGACvd5tbCgxUjyvUxXAYeoVd42bIuKAhEojPVJr6YtjAF6KYNNibY/Va AzqfeJV3f/xaEM2YKWO9DRjAcU4wEAQMypiiCgjiW0EcKg/Y4MaVsYxlb+iBCq5gRSpSsYpVsELM rtiCN9+GhyyvmRvVGEEoXgFmOcvZFUtAIyov4Y1tsJkb3tiEB1r+gYpVhHnOqVDFE96qnDNog89X 9kYdpuAKQQt6zq/wxInaogw96LnR3BgBKAadClTMmRWuGIKsJCWJSnCaz5vogJgFLWZZC7oDpWvL Gazc6UY0QdJzHnScPYFmvoRj03vmczdGIIo4k1nWq0CFK5qA6oLcblBInuIOmOxkc0B5IPYQxiI+ cIhADILcgxCEHwxAgxvUgN3tZjcOFlAADUiA3vWutwM+gAhyA4LcgvC3IAYRiHGP2xBlUAAO3J3w GgzgAfamgL0lQIAVIILf5B44IgQx8HIjIgQtQLjCa4ADFgggAxB3uADccIh9B9zc/h53xvd9gBmA /N0KIEDJTU7+7wd8wN8WZ3nGx+1zRBj84yDHQQAegHOTa6AAYKB40F8OcI2Tm+MNKHrCcdACAeS8 3hkogBv0HfR+69vnA1+Aumtgg7S7G94OULq9JyABBxwA6j//t9gBcQgyLODqCgdAw7meAQLoQBD8 HnggAJECfJAoJ3FoySwGkVtF+EMYbmCKPZihCBUoohC6FYRuOx9wgY+e9IYohCBO7+/Tp77zGNct Ig6h2wqoYRGf97whEGEI0rec9BhH/e9Zj3rd4p4QiOi8HwIwiOF7PvYqJ/3zf4/61QO/9bb3/CLG EIJF4N7zuUeEwEX//EBEf/XT9/frrY+IRawgDq93PezFLf7+3qu+ENNPffqt74cDKP/1sddt+EcP 6MbP94CvALuP+AxhEcDgABah+Prv/8RP9wTu88hP9X4P9N5P/T6gDBSBAmHP8wDh+QCQAAuQ/tzv /QQBDDJrI8AhBRQhBdqhHPaiHFwwBZysIJShFpQKdwDhBrdJJuphBe7hB2eCGKZsBZ8lJ2SBLZDw WfCBDJpwUHJiFzQiCgdlEIiBCGci8jxmHGpBHfyBHbLQH9ShFhJNGWbBvC5svtiwutqwwArMDatL EZxMDtuwxmZsukzswHICH/5gCN9wD+NwD9kQDguxEI8hDQ+xDfshD03MEPVQD9VQEcRhEO1rEe9w EPOQvIT+6x4GYR/U8A4dUQ450RIxLPPUMA4hURRD0RAvUbjoMBVFsbpMMRJXkb4wTQsNAg130G1q wRx0UUkWwQoHRRlsKxjzxh8UIdGQcR+GERkPIgehsXPMcBoNggs9xlzMhRdjgh3e5R7EYVvSYQVt ARh7pByO4RiYQRlA8TbsoR1iwh4QoR3PRRzosRzg4SDaYQj5whgPoh7SUR1Nqi3UQRv9YQllohzg cSDYwR0MaCHhBRGYpR/EwRiMgRmAETfawR5iQhoBBh8y0h/2IRzz5hxeKidqoRINwh0CEhnokS/2 AQxjAhut0SMDxnMAoG1qAQCYkCD6IQRmSyZmgRwMYh/+QqD9lG/xzGlydsHyzOUeJLIbASAN/aEd AEAWSswfyiALy0lvjrEgwC0RCq8OO2cmUgAMzYUSZSIEUoApVuADkiMniKEMvMgZmSUZFoARDGEQ dDBi/MENWmIbqfImd1ImcwEAZJIg6iEFoosvfvEgUoAM9M0QgjImCuUFZCIXg1FvdBBgFAEBeAEn AAEBVJIg9mEFKpMjUrIoV0ApSaTyzgW/5jEm2gEB1GAggkEAOrMg1GAMM8226GupsNIK/2EF4JFZ cmIZLRMMUIAt1GEFVKC+mIIZbhMmo7IgkGEMiNMfHC9JpDE2eSEA+jIODCAxBwIfUuAlpWg1DQIM enL+RJSBLmfSGktEETkCEfIAt9RhEMpAHNTBDQC0Hf4BBcAxDshAGGiiGpNjH1IgrXJCGOLADRA0 ENwADNTAD3YgEfxBBsngJmBTGQyUowYCKhtzI8pBB/yALQyBDGrhHwDBDcoAQcmAGWzGDfzAPDfC H6PMZiavvuTRDQThH/ChDM7qRcugHjwRQNkCBvsBEYC0HZWwNAOGDAbBtnhBEKAwGNyADKaMGMjA H3JBSWeiHxIhLidlyRoRJxbBDeLAHfahDOJgB/JADqwgC5uyDHCBO1tCEdh0PDhTJmphDKZMHQBB BdRBHADUDdThHlLgH9QhD9xAEUqUI2ZBSgdCBSr+sb6IIUJbwknL4EKd7pwiNPLEAcrIIUK/ciA0 Exm/kyMCYRYEgR1yIRfUABzqARnwIQ6mbAXUAQx+QRxCwFIP4helEydSAAzeAAxyoRwwVRlCwB3A ABD+4QNkwR5SoBzqgRnWyhyOwfJUYBdo0AehUj0LohxYNBfYYRAWQRb+gRnqoRc+QCuRARYAQR1m QQcs85xSNScW4QAMNA7+geLawQ0WYR8E4BwEIToj1R9CShFuAgXqQRH8YGCnjCmUsz/AYBhuAhCE QQXBgRzUIViRQQ7E4QXKIReiUybschcPAEANdRbiQB1uAQzeIQCQwRwCgByOYQWmSByUoS3jgBj+ eEsdcmEFoutPY1MW9K0deGEWyEAhbZVK/SEF6qEMdiEd3EBD+8MfZiEkCSIFVqBCc2HbwKEFlYFK 7yEEqvUD1KEdlIEdttIdosAfVIAXgJUs/WFVg5EXAWYQeGEXamEQ2qEMwMEeckEcDOEmVOAYPgAQ /CAOfJBSvVYkr7UfFm8RUmAQAIFk3eAY/GEMkMEfmkwdeEEZosAcjCEO8OEAHDcOPLc3EGFSDaIc wMAcBCEXmnYR/CEYiIEXeFZCx8BG+Y0jO3JfbaYQRmof/iEFbNQNciEIDxK3FmHycgEN9+IsVcAN ACEOqDInYuE980YF2gEQNLYdGtUcllUFlAH+GfygFkhAcwEhNUXyGQviGFQQH+7hH7LXD/wgEEr2 H+ohOq31HphBGIiBZ+OAF9SgQwEBEOahRPryJmVBEQAXEcShDMphH6oXECRSBZgBBAYhDvzgzjbi MQ1icQEYTENgEP7gDZTBDSoRDGLYHGS1HHrTXMuhAjTXDSKXJpERaW8SEHIhbW9ChuNAB+PgJlZA HFrzHmSBXA1iFt6KQUUkJ4JhDKoSt8qARsGAi5mBBJThHw5AHIhBDgaUHZyYHsc1Jp6TO0PAHhKh FpQhXoehArTyGNp3d1M1R40XEXq0WW6B8nZhMT3HEGwGFvy4RqeWHbiX8o4xOSeXN1BTGA7+QBgC 2HwXNViPIQ6E4TZ1NCb2oUwNghnkcyDkIA2FllEBGAX+gR3AgBjiFRkQgDuFwRAmjxi695x2cyOU Nm0tj2r9YMqSeHndYQXcQRmZ0ZxqIclO2Bz9YRhUMGDLoQycDFP94QWOwQrCMQWIAVqtlS3UkiB8 GBr59j51MATScAzKQRlUIELVoB7AYB94AQyUNUEtdR/AAIr+oRDK4AV0UA1ClwycjAzEYRZUYBDc YBCMAQ7+gRd2AAwieKRil42XbBZ4VhFadAw69FoBARnqQaMxeCY+2WLtsyrJgAzAQB1cmWsnTxFm wR2yNw4w+EjZ4aTd05wkgRwA5h/KAI3+A6Ae8OEF/kERwGAQVECO3yBvy6A/Z2IfJrp+2YArahql y+EeoAwf7jef36AMGGEFhAERhGEfbFpKWzUZawG3wAArwcBtVUAO3oAM2mHJhGEHiBSKC4I9C0Kd CwIRdoBK+wGGPxcYMRhlIzQQlOE2oRlOX1JvdZEbt7Ys9wEQpTOym0KKb1InoHQpMyN/RZIrKNuc 5JGHemTGJJu+7KGcRnpHeeO0zYnGSluDWLsgLvaxgxO/JHGkyimUt2VbYru2gwsQQTEzYhuCJ0e1 9yG4pfMfiHcm8Fq1q4gffXtEcyK4YfsgxplVd9kaK5U+R3Q2ufsYgNMacwIWhLUZr3P+GoEYvbm2 vJGRsX/wT4lxRNhhua2RRLl7pAZyM5H5vskwvuEzoq1xH/nbvYmwnPmbu+37wO97thW8JgG8waHx uvf2waNotGmjvHrRNNZYF3f7XPw7X2UhkivcbT4cvrn7DelTwhu7pCEcGUP7vj98RBRBp1t8Gsu6 xoORwC8pvbfpGG6QpPyBGR6YDMNYGHKiHYghJ9TBcy9pw4mwHIx8INwVIKcTqGdhFmQhGGI8GZVz y4mBH9khdIOBvm9DGMicRG5cF92BH9uhFq48yonBNbVQxbXQwLepDAyAI2lQdGkUTPfiAGACEXLS H8htm6ByyzdiFgAAQUV3fekyJ5r+TBkqgBdyoQxwa5uSM5lHZHnHgxiWrBbk/DaeNxt1eRrxIQAm D0xTIBhQNg2XuL3v2yZ/MA5WQHeZ1R/IgJkh1B/UIDTlgAyyUH0zPCYSnAhlQQXGYPHUQBkOmyn6 8xhkRB0alQgVwZlxx1Cl3PIUkyPnqx/qITP6gR2OFr9cM7jigRjTnAgDNZ7BdDeUYclkGBnpHNPP aTB/cAyIwQ3KoY3BoLZygQwsTxEQ4R442RCWV35HxMl/EBFmgRb2YgyUQRw+IBdmIRc+wByQ4QNq oRZWIDTpXRI0fURUQBBqIRfkwPKMmU/T2h5W4KTN2FzjIJ/LIQTIYOTpth3MYQz+1oBm0ZzCMZ0M 7EEQsrAW3OAe6mER9sKaczzWWfySandky0p0AeFv4cCMmSEOggERctVLf1DhRzyRg9V1gRVwdyEE MP4DdiEXHPe9ldEctlx/ESEXdqEPvDXjj0Ed6qEePuCYG1kZ6sENiKEcPsAeGLRXzTULhUHEJ0fW tZAGy0EO9oIX/FUN5AAmlF4X5/0HHfsHyyB0/WAQvpSacUIYCOwe3GANshAQWPQH5VF2L2kRdLdj BfpsnR0cjoHAjBUiB0gJQx43sD3Iv1QFyqEclLYX1AFgudaCv3AMmIF2L9WGiSFlh73UOdxzJBMQ QuAf1F4x4h3RD0LHR5zxnd7+c9nBAKAMDJicF7RdDgwAH/5B0Xs/4Z+a3tVPVXnyGLAY0tf3BfCh HoQhPQHCn8CBBAsaPDhQkTl//xA6RPgvhTqBxMr4eyHr0D1lEcClIFbvBbMUu+od2CUOjMAV5cCk cyPLnopjDx8qq1UzZ057K+wJlDOMVxyGA1WI04kU4aCkTG3ibNhUp6Cj/mb58TdV4LFFAoUKbAk1 6sN7iPqJRZorl8B6IdSVK0RUkDt3KeS4eVPu7MOGsvLqNQionUBliPwBcieLjJph+EIAIoOzoiBZ gMQJYhh4ELt6ccjM0qvs89+clokOk3VMFlGBgCaOrrn0NdObsmvbPmhPkNn+27xtK/Lb22E7EmEF FufdMHRwh8eXIwTkHGE5YaujW8+5j1fz5du3I/e3y7X1sPdmFfdOED3S6dfb6xTtPr78+fTr27+P P7/+/fz7+/8PYIACDkhggQYeiGCCCi7IYIMOPghhhBJOSGGFFl6IYYYabshhhx4SqF5UIX5IYokm nohiiioGt08ZH7z4wSD3DPTPeccVJ4sfwhwAYwA4teNTLR/gs1qNRDUkTgDEMFRjQ+wY8Fk99TQU 1ogrXonlWfcYcAAig6gBwFBnHVBLLQC4MQggcSiDDwCKYAVAPTWpAwZVBNWjBnVuHLBPln7+yds+ BqjUEBgBzHjMLMIQ6U/+PcLkwo5A9xBTizgNqQNAO2aK508uAKzAjiIAiLPLLkSWE4w6vBDTJz65 CIZPMLXklV059XwAAEq5+KROLYwCCmywNe0TgEoChbCCP34AgGsKjeIaAAA0qQBAtJ/NcoA/sgAg izC8BPNPHAAAkMu2BxgAgLOzAIBAtNApA8Av91RQLbmYojauGrgAEIxhAEQqbMACD7TPAQGkkMK5 ginqTxkA7COqMve8kIsw5N6jggH3gOGGP6KOC4AA+LADQGGIkKtsnJ7m8s8HAfgDLzHbMvPPIH5g Wpih/fQjwFAGdGzlwEKbWLABccQRAgBL8hJCCLj+Q4YBfTYkCLMvhnD+jJIeA5BXP5eW7M/JkYqK j5l5GQqz0m68PBDO/hhK5J7iKD103YAKSsZXANRyDwDQyQHAP8uy048bvOwCgDL/KINMLgbIue1E ULkDAFcnC7atPWa/bUDaxACSadiFuD3Gof4QAwAYH8xod+tX3lOs3rLAfsDacZIDgAG4MlNwBeK6 sULe2jKL8AeykGzAMWIP/46nC6XwMrzClJN70oq0A7YbfvtzD66xuQ4+iv8Iohb3g6iljBuIHJOH Mv6A48cfVNUjSBl8ry8QM0e7EUcZau1ChmEgQw4+OYYcNiKHSNXiMupww1HEoSbq4CMOSyqHHxBB tcSFb4McxA87wJAlrQ6KsENGMg5USkijG1EpPU064QlNaBwYVqc6LmQItagzQrEEBAA7 ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C9C8B3.95D623B0 Content-Type: image/gif Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.gif R0lGODlhQQAUAPcAAAAAAAAICAgQEBAYGBAYIRghKSEpMSExOSExQik5SjlKWjlKY0JSa0pKSkpa c0pje0pjhFJSUlJSjFJrhFJzjFpaWlpalFp7lFp7nFqUlGNjnGOEnGOEpWOMrWOcnGOczmOl1muU tWuUvWul1nOUvXOcvXOcxnulzoSEhISt1oSt3oS154yMjIy13oy154y975SUlJTG95TG/5TO/5yc zpyl1pzO/62trbW1tff39/////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// /////////////////////////////////////////////////////ywAAAAAQQAUAAAI/gA/0BhI kEaNgQcLKlzIsKHDhzQ+5BAYw0aMihVtaJyB0aLHjiA/Wrwo8iJIkiFJfshwg6LGlxlfjoQpU6TG mDJx1txZM8ZKFAI9Cr2ZAoHRAxQy4mTA4KaNogc22HhgtKPQjBgQXI25MoJLmDFLACiQYAAAqVdt IDggkwQAAA7UvuUp9AEAuj4zNAiqNKfYEhoJHHhRwsXTE2oRnHiQwobYAFoBCABQsQUFxhotb7C7 NePKvTRwktToNoTFAgj+qmWbYDKAASrEIiDwAgCCuzYMvIVto8DbALh35gWdFqbYBQ8SAJgg1rRR GwcApEgBV6wCAGIZUP7bQoCDEAAu/rwgcFfp6M9fbyoV+xbAAsfYV8tPLHaC++V37UKYQACBfY2c 8TQcX04ZF99NYpGQ2ILQJeCWWwccAAFldk3wwAMbTAhgeep5hF5oOcX0oFDN2SCYDa294MIACvw1 GXJ3bQAAYhOkICNiuvXkmV4EDmWRaje1IBkBA2h1wAAEkHfCg7c9YF8MKwrgGwcuCDBAAcAVZ9GH osWkQo1DcZBACBtgYEOZISBgWgsPtJBhCyU8oFEKCyBAwZwJTEDCBKK99GFxVgGKF01p9SVoWlwW GFNINhnqqKEz9TnUjqB9YOmlmFo6wqabfjDCpZ9y6umooXb6aaaopnopjx944OqrRrDGKuustNZq q6w8amDBrrz26uuvwAYr7LC/StBADjegUEEDzDbr7LPQRivttNQ+GwGyMChbwbbcduvtt+CGK+64 3aIQEAAAOw== ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C9C8B3.95D623B0 Content-Type: image/gif Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link.gif R0lGODlhQQAUAPcAAAAAAAgICAhrvQhzvRAQEBBzvRgYGBh7xiEhISF7xiGExikpKSmExjExMTk5 OTmMzkJCQkKMzkKUzkpKSkqMxkqUzlJSUlJSjFKczlpalFqUlFqc1mNjY2OcnGOczmOl1mtra2ul 3mut1nNzc3Ot3nt7e3u13oSEhIS93oyMjIycpYy11oy93pSUlJS93pS955ycnJyczpzG56WlpaW9 zqXO562tra3G3q3O57W1tbXW7729vb3W78bGxsbe787Ozs7e987n99bW1tbn997e3t7v9+fn5+fv 9+/v7+/3//f39/f///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// /////////////////////////////////////////////////////ywAAAAAQQAUAAAI/gA9eIhB sKDBgwgTKlzI8KAHJEoExmBCsaLFixeRQMTIsaPHix46/BAi8SNGJUJSGjFCJCURkzA9etBgI0fJ mExYWkyZ8keOHSpxMlHSIoWSjjNTwLgJUwgSikZSHrWIRIiSqkJiTgAA4CnHmSVaMP2YlUlVrx2J GBkqxEgDAhwITJhhgEADIT0CAAAxFSNYsQNhEjnaNmZVikgQcAVQIsCCGQEcQFiMFqSGsGM5rjws FCXFBQBG5LABwAAEAgSQ6LUh8zLgiWR1CqWIUgnoGSgBENix4wQTAgB2tMYc2KOQGyt0JPHBI4kM IEyAyMBxhCIPGTqWKMEhgwboHkSQ/pxYbOF38OGvP1IowH5IAgERCmAgUWDAgAM+XNgvIAODgAEF qNDDUysR0UNZPczwA3qZWeSDAAWw4MIRCtzHwAvsoVCBfCIU8EANQzAgwAc1HFGWWS9VpERLDBbH EQ8DMJBEEkokMEANS/BQwAFJvDDAA0V0WEANPlRwXxFMWEWbUxRldaJfrjVY0REH3FcADjbiMJSN 7BWAwgYfPFCACQyYcEABOlBERIo54bViX1ASB1tHPmCQwANBbFCBDxQNscGdLDBRQwQJSHAECQ8k EMISKvLkEpMtzjnbpJRa9JdAIXWg6aacdurpp6CGKuqmUXqQwamopqrqqqy26uqrOKpeEBYSP9iQ Qgm45qrrrrz26uuvwOp6Agwo5QBDC8gim0KyRTG7bLLPKuvstNBSK221yM6QQ0AAADs= ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C9C8B3.95D623B0 Content-Type: image/gif Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link.gif R0lGODlhQQAUAPcAAAAAvRAQxjExzkJC1lJSlFJS1lpanFpapWNjY2NjpWNjvWNj3mtra2trvXNz c3NzvXNz3nt7e3t7zoSEhISEzoyM55SUlJwY95ycnJyc56Up96Wlpa05962tra2t77VK97W1tb1a 971r9729vb2978Z798bGxs6M987Ozs7O996l/961/97e3ufG/+fn5+fn/+/W/+/v7+/v//fn//f3 9/f3///3//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// /////////////////////////////////////////////////////ywAAAAAQQAUAAAI/gBpUBhI sKDBgwgTKlxokAUNGjcExnDhgoXFixgzatzIsaNHCR1YuHhIgcWNkyhTqlzJsqXLlycVTADBIkYM CjdkyIDJs6dPlQoYYEDh4mbOnT+TKl3ZAIEFEzZx6kxJY8WJFTNOXFiak4TXFFxvNH1atOTUkyo0 nGihooRWriQALIAAwAPMuUydmijL4iyMCyVO0qjxtgUNGydbwFDZYieMnXEh3AAw4GQKsCnBApCs cuzem32Ral2MUqsIDhpmwNCgIsSJG6Y5fCjxIXXkFJtjCKgAYUCMuAMAZJD7orNevmdDbE2pVfWF FiU00HirtepzGs+BF5C8IMBJABUi6JOYPN44WdBnta5gvvx5CA4n4sPe2uL5jeybUQ6oPHlA3PIA lJeSAsehh9QMGnwA0Q2EtQeddKXRZx9+nN3Q3XfhBfidgCh5hhxSN8Dw3gluvXWfYSOeYENhE7YQ GUoxDMBbATf8d5IAAxSXkocGKkUDaWH5xKNZIAZppEtDOrTgkUzmdV5JJ7nQ5JQdFvhAAgYYcICW XG7pZZdgfilmmGSOaSYBesVAAwodTMAAAnAi8Gacc8oJ55x15knnnXz26WedcW5A1A0ujGBBBIg6 EIEDija6qKONRrroo5QyOqmkmFbqKE0xBAQAOw== ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C9C8B3.95D623B0 Content-Type: image/gif Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/springer_link.gif R0lGODlhbAAUANUAAAAAAO/v76Kioo+Pj3BwcP8AAFBQUEBAQP9wcNbW1iAgIP8zM/+/v9/f38zM zJmZmf+Zmf///4ODg7+/vxAQEGZmZjMzM//f3//MzFpaWv9AQP+AgGZmZvX19X9/f5mZmf8QEK+v r//v7/9/f/+Zmf4BAgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACH5BAUUACUALAAAAABsABQAAAb/wIdw SCwaj8ikcslsOh+JxiNCrVqrjNEIcu16v+CweEy9aEfkh0QwHW8KCwR5Tq+PMRpQIZ2RtMVvDHaD hGIBEw5XGntjD31/YYFUAQQeGR5kGSGFVwIGBwRWBAJeDRYHXYt8fmSSERWhAQekYgabnKIAV6Nf HqiKjGKOrG4FghEKFVQOiQ0BAQ1VDQ7REdTL01bZ0gHSEdUeulfM3+RUvtKJqo2PrcZUBAAG1RUA BBYAA6YH+BMUmP4MVKAQKgKBCuEOUAphQYAsAPUShbMyQcGBBvwIKKDQDZ0FA4kirBPWrtgxgwAA kJoAYEKEDABkUUiQIMIBTDYxTXTQMkJL/18TMlCIEM6BS6LiqhxA5cHCt56+GhSkMjLMMEhgXFEx BaABS5csHSxVivMm0qchAgAQe2ACorNVJloZi86ny6YKcFINZrUkoHdEqYT9GiGEApu/clIxK9eX AZdj4yaFG5juL6izeu5dhfWLKwWJBqBiOSCAhUT8qlgouPqsAwoI9Q2Q5yGUXCr1ug3ANFZjBLWb 7kUwQCFkVTBX3R2bEFswRH0RJnjwQErA9AnWPTSYTqrCqY2FKyjbPp1K9unapXvY7QH7de4Byovk i9xvpAIQMHghPKjipKG4jCECAwvQ90VyxRSgwX4A3GLHABSkNQAtAYbBQAEYckbGBQwwoEhfF+hV Y0d2IlYIxoAdamjiiiyaeNUTMMYo44w09vGNABLkqOOOPPbo449ABinkkEQSSUoHDdCk5JJMNunk k1BGKeWUVFbZQBAAOw== ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C9C8B3.95D623B0 Content-Type: text/css; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://www.springerlink.com/config/css/A++_common.css .Keyword { BACKGROUND: white; FONT-SIZE: 12pt } BODY.for-print { MARGIN: 1.5em; BACKGROUND: white; FONT-SIZE: 12pt } DIV.Abstract { MARGIN-TOP: 1em } DIV.Acknowledgments { MARGIN-TOP: 1em } DIV.AbstractSection { MARGIN-TOP: 0.3em } P.AuthorGroup { FONT-WEIGHT: bold } .Contact { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt } .Affiliation { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt } .Citation { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt } DIV.Capt { MARGIN-TOP: 1.5em; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; = MARGIN-BOTTOM: 1.5em; FONT-SIZE: 10pt } SPAN.CaptCont { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt } TBODY.CaptCont { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt } DIV.CaptCont { MARGIN-TOP: 0.3em; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; = FONT-SIZE: 10pt } .AbstractHeading { FONT-WEIGHT: bold } .KeywordHeading { FONT-WEIGHT: bold } .ArticleNoteHeading { FONT-WEIGHT: bold } .Acknowledgmentsheading { FONT-WEIGHT: bold } .CaptNr { FONT-WEIGHT: bold } DIV.SbLexicon { FONT-WEIGHT: bold } TABLE.Sidebar { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND: #d6d6d6 } .Term { FONT-STYLE: italic } .AbstractSectionHeading { FONT-STYLE: italic } TABLE.OrderedList { PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.3em; MARGIN-TOP: 1em; PADDING-LEFT: 0.3em; = PADDING-RIGHT: 0.3em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 1em; MARGIN-LEFT: 17pt; FONT-SIZE: = 12pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.3em } UNKNOWN { MARGIN-TOP: 0.3em } DIV.GlossaryDefSimplePara { MARGIN-TOP: 0.3em; MARGIN-LEFT: 1.5em } DIV.Para { MARGIN-TOP: 1em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 1em } DIV.FormalPara { MARGIN-TOP: 1em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 1em } DIV.ArticleNote { MARGIN-TOP: 1em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 1em } DIV.Motto { TEXT-ALIGN: right; MARGIN-TOP: 1em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 1em } DIV.Figure { MARGIN-TOP: 1.5em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 1em } .PCode { FONT-FAMILY: 'Courier New' } .Box { BORDER-BOTTOM: black 2px solid; BORDER-LEFT: black 2px solid; = PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.5em; PADDING-LEFT: 0.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.5em; = DISPLAY: block; BORDER-TOP: black 2px solid; BORDER-RIGHT: black 2px = solid; PADDING-TOP: 0.5em } .Important { BORDER-BOTTOM: black 2px solid; BORDER-LEFT: black 2px solid; = PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.5em; PADDING-LEFT: 0.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.5em; = DISPLAY: block; BACKGROUND: #d6d6d6; BORDER-TOP: black 2px solid; = BORDER-RIGHT: black 2px solid; PADDING-TOP: 0.5em } .Example { BORDER-LEFT: black 4px solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.5em; PADDING-LEFT: = 0.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.5em; DISPLAY: block; PADDING-TOP: 0.5em } .Trailer { PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.5em; PADDING-LEFT: 0.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.5em; = FONT-WEIGHT: bold; PADDING-TOP: 0.5em } DIV.GlossaryEntry { TEXT-INDENT: -1.5em; MARGIN-LEFT: 1.5em } TABLE.Stack { FONT-SIZE: 0.5em } ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C9C8B3.95D623B0 Content-Type: text/css; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://www.springerlink.com/config/css/content_A++_SpringerLink.css BODY { BACKGROUND: white; FONT-SIZE: 12pt } DIV.Heading1 { MARGIN-TOP: 0.7em; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; = MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.7em; COLOR: #444444; FONT-SIZE: 20pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold } DIV.SubTitle { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #444444; FONT-SIZE: = 19pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold } DIV.heading2 { MARGIN-TOP: 0.8em; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; = MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.8em; FONT-SIZE: 19pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold } DIV.SubHeading2 { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 14pt } H2.rubric { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #666666; FONT-SIZE: = 16pt } .subrubric { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #666666; FONT-SIZE: = 14pt } DIV.heading3 { MARGIN-TOP: 0.8em; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; = MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.8em; FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold } DIV.SubHeading3 { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; = FONT-WEIGHT: bold } H4.Section3 { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 14pt } H5.Section4 { FONT-STYLE: italic; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; = FONT-SIZE: 14pt } H3.rubric { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #666666 } H5.Section5 { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 12pt } P.HeadSec6 { FONT-STYLE: italic; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif } P.HeadSec7 { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } .HeadList { FONT-STYLE: italic; MARGIN-TOP: 1em } A:link { COLOR: #ff0000 } A:active { COLOR: #ff0000 } A:visited { COLOR: #5f5f5f } TR.header { BACKGROUND: #d6d6d6 } TR.BibSectionHeading { FONT-SIZE: 12pt } H1 { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #444444; FONT-SIZE: = 20pt } H2 { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 16pt } H3 { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif } H4 { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif } H5 { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 12pt } ------=_NextPart_000_0000

From: Subject: 10.1007/s11060-009-9864-x Date: Wed, 29 Apr 2009 10:16:39 +0200 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/related; type="text/html"; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0000_01C9C8B3.95D623B0" X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2900.5579 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C9C8B3.95D623B0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.html 10.1007/s11060-009-9864-x</TIT= LE> <META content=3D"text/html; charset=3DISO-8859-1" = http-equiv=3DContent-Type><LINK=20 rel=3DstyleSheet type=3Dtext/css=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/config/css/A++_common.css"><LINK=20 rel=3DstyleSheet type=3Dtext/css=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/config/css/content_A++_SpringerLink.c= ss"> <META name=3DGENERATOR content=3D"MSHTML 8.00.6001.18702"></HEAD> <BODY class=3Dfor-print> <TABLE border=3D1 cellPadding=3D2> <TBODY> <TR class=3Dheader> <TD>Journal of Neuro-Oncology</TD></TR> <TR> <TD>=A9 The Author(s) 2009</TD></TR> <TR> <TD>10.1007/s11060-009-9864-x</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE> <H2 class=3Drubric>Clinical Study - Patient Study</H2> <DIV class=3DHeading1><A name=3Dtitle></A>Incidence of first primary = central nervous=20 system tumors in California, 2001=962005 </DIV> Monica Brown1, 2 <A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#ContactOfAuthor1"><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3D"Contact Information"=20 src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/contact.gif">= </A>,=20 Rudolph Schrot3 <A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#ContactOfAuthor2"><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3D"Contact Information"=20 src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/contact.gif">= </A>,=20 Katrina Bauer1 <A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#ContactOfAuthor3"><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3D"Contact Information"=20 src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/contact.gif">= </A>=20 and Deanna LeTendre1 <A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#ContactOfAuthor4"><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3D"Contact Information"=20 src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/contact.gif">= </A> <TABLE> <TBODY> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD><A = name=3DAff1></A>(1) </TD> <TD>Public Health Institute/California = Department=20 of Public Health, Chronic Disease Surveillance and Research = Branch, 1825=20 Bell Street, Suite 102, Sacramento, CA 95825,=20 USA</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE> <TABLE> <TBODY> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD><A = name=3DAff2></A>(2) </TD> <TD>Division of Hematology and Oncology,=20 Department of Internal Medicine, University of California at = Davis, 4860 Y=20 Street, Suite 3740, Sacramento, CA 95817,=20 USA</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE> <TABLE> <TBODY> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD><A = name=3DAff3></A>(3) </TD> <TD>Department of Neurological Surgery, = University=20 of California at Davis, 4860 Y Street, Suite 3740, Sacramento,=20 CA 95817, USA</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE> <A name=3DContactOfAuthor1></A> <TABLE class=3DContact> <TBODY> <TR> <TD vAlign=3Dtop><IMG border=3D0 alt=3D"Contact Information"=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/contact.gif">= </TD> = <TD>Monica Brown (Cor= responding=20 author) Email: <A=20 = href=3D"mailto:MBrown@ccr.ca.gov">MBrown@ccr.ca.gov</A> Email:= =20 <A=20 = href=3D"mailto:MonBrown@ucdavis.edu">MonBrown@ucdavis.edu</A></TD></TR></= TBODY></TABLE> <A name=3DContactOfAuthor2></A> <TABLE class=3DContact> <TBODY> <TR> <TD vAlign=3Dtop><IMG border=3D0 alt=3D"Contact Information"=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/contact.gif">= </TD> = <TD>Rudolph Schrot</STRONG= > Email:=20 <A=20 = href=3D"mailto:Rudolph.Schrot@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu">Rudolph.Schrot@ucdmc.ucd= avis.edu</A></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE> <A name=3DContactOfAuthor3></A> <TABLE class=3DContact> <TBODY> <TR> <TD vAlign=3Dtop><IMG border=3D0 alt=3D"Contact Information"=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/contact.gif">= </TD> = <TD>Katrina Bauer= Email:=20 <A=20 = href=3D"mailto:KBauer@ccr.ca.gov">KBauer@ccr.ca.gov</A></TD></TR></TBODY>= </TABLE> <A name=3DContactOfAuthor4></A> <TABLE class=3DContact> <TBODY> <TR> <TD vAlign=3Dtop><IMG border=3D0 alt=3D"Contact Information"=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/contact.gif">= </TD> = <TD>Deanna LeTendre</STRON= G> Email:=20 <A=20 = href=3D"mailto:DLeTendre@ccr.ca.gov">DLeTendre@ccr.ca.gov</A></TD></TR></= TBODY></TABLE> Received:=20 15 July 2008 Accepted:=20 16 March 2009 Published online:=20 2 April 2009 <DIV class=3DAbstract><A name=3DAbs1></A><SPAN=20 class=3DAbstractHeading>Abstract We examined the = incidence of=20 first primary central nervous system tumors (PCNST) in California from=20 2001=962005. This study period represents the first five years of data = collection=20 of benign PCNST by the California Cancer Registry. California=92s = age-adjusted=20 incidence rates (AAIR) for malignant and benign PCNST (5.5 and 8.5 per = 100,000,=20 respectively). Malignant PCNST were highest among non-Hispanic white = males (7.8=20 per 100,000). Benign PCNST were highest among African American females = (10.5 per=20 100,000). Hispanics, those with the lowest socioeconomic status, and = those who=20 lived in rural California were found to be significantly younger at = diagnosis.=20 Glioblastoma was the most frequent malignant histology, while meningioma = had the=20 highest incidence among benign histologies (2.6 and 4.5 per 100,000,=20 respectively). This study is the first in the US to compare malignant to = benign=20 PCNST using a population-based data source. It illustrates the = importance of=20 PCNST surveillance in California and in diverse communities. </DIV> Keywords Brain and=20 other central nervous system=20 neoplasms - Epidemiology - Cancer=20 incidence - Ethnic groups - Health disparities <DIV><A name=3DSec1></A> <HR> <DIV class=3Dheading2>Introduction</DIV> Central nervous system (CNS) cancers are neoplasms of the = neuroepithelial=20 tissue and membranous coverings of the brain and spinal cord, tumors of = the=20 pituitary gland, and cancers arising from the cranial nerves and CNS=20 hematopoietic cells. Compared to other forms of cancer, PCNST are rare. = In=20 California, these cancers generally represent only 1.5% of incident = cancer cases=20 and 2.6% of cancer deaths [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR1">1</A></CITE>].=20 Despite these statistics, PCNST are an important source of cancer = morbidity and=20 mortality and generate intense interest from clinicians, researchers, = the public=20 health community, and the general public. Many population-based epidemiologic studies of PCNST are = methodologically=20 inconsistent and potentially unreliable. CNS cancers are a heterogeneous = group=20 of diseases, comprising many histopathological forms and encompassing = numerous=20 gross anatomic sites. Their histopathological progression may be benign, = malignant, or of uncertain tumor behavior. Although CNS tumor = classification was=20 standardized by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1993, there = remains=20 variation in the organization of histologic codes for presentation and = in the=20 creation of histology sub-groups [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR2">2</A></CITE>].=20 Coding trends by neuropathologists change with time, resulting in = erroneous=20 incidence fluctuations [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR3">3</A></CITE>].=20 Furthermore, many epidemiologic studies are retrospective, have small = sample=20 sizes, or lack broad ethnic, cultural, and socioeconomic demographics. = With the enactment of federal Public Law 107-260 in 2004, the Benign = Brain=20 Tumor Cancer Registries Amendment Act, all state and metropolitan cancer = registries are required to collect data on benign PCNST and those of = uncertain=20 tumor behavior [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR4">4</A></CITE>].=20 Prior to 2004, many state and metropolitan cancer registries voluntarily = collected these data, including the California Cancer Registry (CCR), = which has=20 been collecting data on benign and uncertain tumor behavior CNS tumors = since=20 2001. In this study, we examined the incidence of first primary PCNST = collected=20 by the CCR from 2001=962005. For benign PCNST, this study period = represents the=20 first five years of data collection in California and the first = population-based=20 study of benign PCNST in the country. With a population of = 36.5 million,=20 California contains over 12% of the U.S. population, with broad ethnic,=20 cultural, and socioeconomic representation [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR5">5</A></CITE>].=20 Delineating the epidemiology of PCNST in California will create a = backdrop for=20 future basic, translational, clinical, and public health research and = can be=20 used as a baseline for monitoring incidence trends over time. </DIV> <DIV><A name=3DSec2></A> <HR> <DIV class=3Dheading2>Materials and methods</DIV> <DIV><A name=3DSec3></A> <DIV class=3DHeading3>Case identification</DIV> Cases used in these analyses were identified using the California = Cancer=20 Registry (CCR), a population-based registry composed of eight regional=20 registries collecting cancer incidence and mortality data for the entire = population of California. In 1985, California state law mandated the = reporting=20 of all newly diagnosed cancers in California, and statewide = implementation began=20 January 1, 1988. This state law was amended to require the collection of = benign=20 and uncertain behavior brain and other nervous system tumors beginning = January=20 1, 2001. Cases are reported to the Chronic Disease Surveillance and = Research=20 Branch of the California Department of Public Health from all hospitals = and any=20 other facilities providing care or therapy to cancer patients residing = in=20 California (approximately 2,500 facilities) [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR6">6</A></CITE>].=20 Cases diagnosed outside of California, at autopsy, or from death = certificates=20 were excluded. For this study, first primary cases of malignant, benign and = uncertain tumor=20 behavior brain and other nervous system tumors diagnosed between January = 1, 2001=20 and December 31, 2005 and reported to the CCR as of October 2007 were = used=20 [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR7">7</A></CITE>].=20 Only cases diagnosed or treated at the reporting facility were included = in these=20 analyses. Diagnoses of 98% of the 24,944 cases were confirmed by = histology=20 (79.0%) and radiography (19.3%); the remaining 1.7% was confirmed by a = variety=20 of methods, including but not limited to cytology and clinical = determination.=20 Less than 0.5% of cases included in these analyses were confirmed by an = unknown=20 method. In this manuscript, the term =93uncertain behavior=94 is used = and synonymous=20 with =93borderline behavior=94. These terms are defined similarly but = their use is=20 specific to certain classification systems. Uncertain behavior is used = in the=20 International Classification of Diseases (ICD) systems [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR7">7</A></CITE>],=20 while borderline behavior is the term used by the Centers for Disease = Control=20 and Prevention=92s (CDC), National Programs for Central Cancer = Registries (NPCR)=20 [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR8">8</A></CITE>],=20 Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR9">9</A></CITE>]=20 program of the National Cancer Institute, and thus the CCR. = Additionally,=20 primitive neuroectodermal tumors are abbreviated throughout the text and = tables=20 as PNET. Only cases with anatomical sites, histology codes and tumor behavior = defined=20 as reportable in Cancer Reporting in California: Abstracting and Coding=20 Procedures for Hospitals, Volume 1, Section II.1.9.1 and Appendix V were = included in these analyses. Anatomical sites included were the meninges=20 (C70.0=96C70.9); brain (C71.0=96C71.9); cerebrum (C71.0); brain lobes = (C71.1=96C71.4);=20 ventricle, NOS (C71.5); cerebellum, NOS (C71.6); brain stem (C71.7); = spinal cord=20 (C72.0); cauda equina (C72.1); cranial nerves (C72.2); pituitary gland = (C75.1);=20 craniopharyngeal duct (C75.2); and pineal gland (C75.3) [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR10">10</A></CITE>].=20 For other selected analyses, overlapping lesions of brain (C71.8); = brain, NOS=20 (C71.9); and/or nervous system, NOS (C72.9) were included. Although the = use of=20 some anatomical sites and histology codes differed, the 2007=962008 = report of the=20 Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS), 2000=962004, = was used=20 as a guide for the organization of histology codes in Table <A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#Tab2">2</A>=20 [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR11">11</A></CITE>].=20 In this study, pilocytic astrocytoma (ICD-O-3, 9421) is classified as = having=20 benign tumor behavior as is directed in ICD-O-3 [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR7">7</A></CITE>].=20 This is contrary to the classification stipulated in Cancer Reporting in = California: Abstracting and Coding Procedures for Hospitals, Volume 1, = Section=20 II.1.9.1 and Appendix V, in which it is classified as malignant, in = accordance=20 with SEER reporting requirements [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR10">10</A></CITE>].=20 The collection of benign and borderline brain and other nervous = system tumors=20 became a statewide effort beginning in 2001; however, the nationwide = effort did=20 not begin until 2004. Inconsistencies in data collection may have = occurred as a=20 result of coding rule changes for cases diagnosed in 2004 and 2005. To = utilize=20 all eligible cases, we identified inconsistencies by cross tabulations = of cases=20 by histology, tumor behavior, and anatomical site; these were reviewed = by the=20 authors, a regional registry quality control coordinator, and a = neurosurgeon to=20 determine the accuracy of coding and the appropriate categorization for=20 presentation. Based on their assessment, approximately 400 cases were = reassigned=20 histology, tumor behavior, and/or anatomical site codes, and = approximately 100=20 cases were deleted from the research database entirely for this study.=20 Specifically, all craniopharyngiomas were recoded to uncertain behavior = of the=20 craniopharyngeal duct. All cases coded as benign adenomas (ICD-O-3 8140) = of the=20 pituitary gland were recoded to pituitary adenomas (ICD-O-3 8272). Some = cases=20 (n =3D 65), were recoded based on visual review of the = individual=20 case abstract for various reasons. Cases with ICD-O-3 codes 9450, = 9391-9393,=20 9380, 9370-9372, were recoded to malignant behavior. Myxopapillary = ependymomas=20 were recoded to uncertain behavior. The cases coded as hemangioblastic=20 meningioma were recoded to hemangioblastoma. <DIV><A name=3DSec4></A> <H4 class=3DSection3>Variables</H4> The age, sex, race/ethnicity, and residential address of the patients = that=20 were used in these analyses were collected by the CCR from each = patient=92s=20 medical record. Race/ethnicity was derived from patient = self-identification,=20 assumptions based on personal appearance, or inferences based on the=20 race/ethnicity of the parents, birthplace, surname, or maiden name.=20 Race/ethnicity was classified into four mutually exclusive categories of = non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, Hispanic, and Asian/Pacific = Islander.=20 Hispanic ethnicity identification was enhanced by the use of = computerized=20 comparisons to the 1980 U.S. census list of Hispanic surnames. Patients=20 identified as Hispanic on the medical record, or patients identified as = white,=20 black, or of unknown race with a Hispanic surname were classified as = Hispanic.=20 Use of this method can misclassify some persons as Hispanic when they = are not=20 [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR12">12</A></CITE>].=20 Residential census tracts of cases, including those who used post = office=20 boxes as residential addresses and the denominator population were = classified by=20 the 2000 Rural Urban Commuting Areas (RUCA) codes. The RUCAs were = developed by=20 the University of Washington=92s Rural Health Research Center and the = Economic=20 Research Service [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR13">13</A></CITE>].=20 The RUCAs are a census tract-based taxonomy that utilizes the standard = Census=20 Bureau Urbanized Area and Urban Cluster definitions in combination with = other=20 work that commuted data to characterize the nation=92s census tracts = regarding=20 their urban and rural status and functional relationships [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR14">14</A></CITE>].=20 For these analyses, urban and rural census tracks in California were=20 dichotomized based on Categorization C as recommended in =93Using RUCA = Data,=94=20 published by the Rural Health Research Center [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR14">14</A></CITE>].=20 Socioeconomic status (SES) was assigned based on the patient=92s = census block=20 group (2000 U.S. census) derived from their address at time of initial = diagnosis=20 as reported in the medical record. This SES variable is an index that = utilizes=20 education, employment characteristics, median household income, = proportion of=20 the population living 200% below the Federal Poverty Level, median rent, = and=20 median housing value of census tract of residence for case and = denominator=20 population. A principal components analysis was used to identify = quintiles of=20 SES ranging from one, the lowest, to five, the highest [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR15">15</A></CITE>].=20 </DIV> <DIV><A name=3DSec5></A> <H4 class=3DSection3>Statistical analysis</H4> Counts and proportions were calculated using SAS 9.0 (SAS Institute, = Cary,=20 NC). Age-adjusted incidence rates (AAIR) were adjusted by the direct = method and=20 standardized to the 2000 U.S. population [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR16">16</A></CITE>].=20 Age-specific incidence rates (ASIR) were calculated specific to each = 5 year=20 age group. Denominators were based on the 2000 U.S. census. All rates = were=20 calculated using SEER*Stat 6.3.6 (National Cancer Institute, Silver = Spring, MD).=20 Statistical comparisons of incidence rates were assessed using their = respective=20 confidence intervals [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR16">16</A></CITE>].=20 If two comparative AAIR or ASIR confidence intervals do not overlap, the = difference in the rates is considered statistically significantly.=20 </DIV></DIV></DIV> <DIV><A name=3DSec6></A> <HR> <DIV class=3Dheading2>Results</DIV> <DIV class=3DPara> <DIV>We identified 24,923 cases of first PCNST in the CCR from 2001 to = 2005. A=20 total of 9,236 (37.1%) cases were malignant, 14,057 (56.4%) cases were = benign,=20 and 1,630 (6.5%) cases were of uncertain tumor behavior. As shown in=20 Table <A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#Tab1">1</A>,=20 our study population was 59.5% adult, 20=9664 years old; 54.5% = female; 60.8%=20 non-Hispanic white; 46.5% of high SES; and 93.5% urban residents at time = of=20 diagnosis. The proportion of cases by age groups, SES, and location of = residence=20 at diagnosis was similar across tumor behavior, although tumors of = uncertain=20 tumor behavior appeared to occur more in the 0=9619 year old age = group than=20 malignant and benign. There were statistically significant differences = in the=20 median age at diagnosis of patients with PCNST by tumor behavior=20 (P < 0.05). For malignant PCNST, males, ethnic = minorities,=20 those of low SES, and those who lived in urban areas were significantly = younger=20 at diagnosis than females, those of high SES, non-Hispanic whites, and = those who=20 lived in rural areas. For benign PCNST, Hispanics and Asian/Pacific = Islanders,=20 those of low SES, and those who lived in urban areas were significantly = younger=20 at diagnosis (P < 0.05). The proportional incidence = of=20 PCNST, regardless of tumor behavior, was highest among those at the = highest=20 SES.<A name=3DTab1></A> <DIV class=3DCapt>Table 1 Number = of cases and=20 percent of first primary central nervous system tumors, population = demographic=20 characteristics and median age at diagnosis by behavior, California, = 2001=962005=20 </DIV> <TABLE border=3D1> <COLGROUP> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."></COLGROUP> <THEAD> <TR class=3Dheader> <TH rowSpan=3D2 colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Demographic characteristics</TH> <TH colSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Malignant</TH> <TH colSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Benign</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Uncertain</TH> <TD class=3Dauto-generated> </TD> <TD class=3Dauto-generated> </TD> <TD class=3Dauto-generated> </TD> <TD class=3Dauto-generated> </TD> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Total</TH></TR> <TR class=3Dheader> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft> Median age</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft> Median age</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft> Median age</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH></TR></THEAD> <TBODY> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D13 align=3Dleft> Age group, years</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> 0=9619</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,114</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 12.1</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 698</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 284</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 17.4</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,096</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8.4</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> 20=9664</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5,202</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 56.3</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8,676</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 61.7</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 941</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 57.7</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 14,819</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 59.5</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> 65+</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,920</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 31.6</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4,683</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 33.3</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 405</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 24.8</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8,008</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 32.1</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D13 align=3Dleft> Sex</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5,232</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 56.6</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 53*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5,277</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 37.5</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 55</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 830</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 50.9</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 44*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 11,339</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 45.5</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4,004</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 43.4</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 57 </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8,780</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 62.5</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 56</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 800</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 49.1</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 50</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 13,584</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 54.5</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D13 align=3Dleft> Race/ethnicity</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Non-Hispanic White</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5,965</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 64.6</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 58 </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8,266</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 58.8</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 58</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 919</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 56.4</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 53</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 15,150</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 60.8</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Non-Hispanic Black</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 378</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.1</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 51*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 902</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.4</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 57</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 116</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7.1</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 47*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,396</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.6</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Hispanic</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,122</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 23.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 43*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,092</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 22.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 47*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 424</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 26.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 34*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5,638</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 22.6</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Asian-Pacific Islander</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 726</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7.9</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 51*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,605</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 11.4</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 57*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 157</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 9.6</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 48*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,488</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 10.0</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Other/unknown</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 45</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 40*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 192</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.4</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 52*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 14</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.9</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 49</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 251</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.0</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D13 align=3Dleft> Socioeconomic status</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Low</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,020</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 32.7</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 51*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4,573</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 32.5</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 54*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 585</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 35.9</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 42*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8,180</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 32.8</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Medium</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,907</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 20.6</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 56 </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,909</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 20.7</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 56</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 352</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 21.6</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 50 </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5,169</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 20.7</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> High</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4,309</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 46.7</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 56 </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6,575</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 46.8</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 56</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 693</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 42.5</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 49</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 11,579</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 46.5</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D13 align=3Dleft> Level of urbanization</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Rural</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 631</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.8</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 58 </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 859</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.1</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 58</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 127</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7.8</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 54</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,617</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.5</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Urban</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8,605</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93.2</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 54*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 13,198</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93.9</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 55*</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,503</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 92.2</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 47</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 23,306</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93.5</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Total </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 9,236</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 14,057</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,630</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 24,923</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE> <DIV class=3DCapt> <DIV class=3DCaptCont> <DIV>* P-value < 0.05; female; Non-Hispanic = white; SES=20 high and rural were used as the referent catagories=20 </DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV> The overall sex-specific AAIR for malignant PCNST was highest among = males, at=20 6.6 per 100,000 (C.I., 6.4, 6.8). For benign PCNST, the AAIR was highest = for=20 females, at 10.0 per 100,000 (C.I., 9.8, 10.2). The sex-specific AAIR = for PCNST=20 of uncertain tumor behavior were nearly equal for males and females at = 1.0 and=20 0.9 per 100,000. <DIV class=3DPara> <DIV>Age-specific incidence of malignant tumors was lowest, for both = males and=20 females, in their early 20s. The ASIR for males was higher than the ASIR = for=20 females, with the gap increasing between ages 40 and 79. Incidence of = malignant=20 tumors peaked for both males and females in their late 70s and decreased = thereafter. In contrast to malignant tumors, benign tumors were lowest = in=20 childhood and adolescence and increased with increasing age. ASIRs for = benign=20 tumors were consistently higher among females for all age groups except = ages=20 10=9614 (Fig. <A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#Fig1">1</A>).=20 <DIV class=3DFigure><A name=3DFig1></A><IMG=20 alt=3DMediaObjects/11060_2009_9864_Fig1_HTML.gif=20 src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/MediaObjects/= 11060_2009_9864_Fig1_HTML.gif"></DIV> <DIV class=3DCapt>Fig. 1 Age-specific=20 incidence rates (ASIR) of first primary benign and malignant brain and = other=20 nervous system tumors by sex, California, 2001=962005 </DIV> <HR> </DIV></DIV> <DIV class=3DPara> <DIV>In Fig. <A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#Fig2">2</A>,=20 incidence of malignant tumors was highest for non-Hispanic white males, = followed=20 by Hispanic males (7.8 and 5.7 per 100,000, respectively), and lowest = for=20 Asian/Pacific Islander and non-Hispanic black females (3.0 and 3.1 per = 100,000,=20 respectively). Incidence of benign tumors was highest for all females, = with=20 rates for non-Hispanic black, non-Hispanic white, and Hispanic females = being=20 very close (10.5, 10.2 and 9.8 per 100,000, respectively).=20 <DIV class=3DFigure><A name=3DFig2></A><IMG=20 alt=3DMediaObjects/11060_2009_9864_Fig2_HTML.gif=20 src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/MediaObjects/= 11060_2009_9864_Fig2_HTML.gif"></DIV> <DIV class=3DCapt>Fig. 2 Age-adjusted=20 incidence rates (AAIR) of first primary central nervous system tumors by = race/ethnicity, behavior and sex, California, 2001=962005 </DIV> <HR> </DIV></DIV> <DIV class=3DPara> <DIV>In Table <A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#Tab2">2</A>=20 we see that malignant PCNST were primarily glioblastoma (45.3%), = followed=20 distantly by lymphoma (7.5%) and anaplastic astrocytoma (7.0%). The vast = majority of benign tumors consisted of meningiomas (51.6%), pituitary = tumors=20 (24.1%), and nerve sheath tumors (18.0%). Tumors of uncertain behavior = were=20 distributed similarly to benign tumors, with the largest proportion = being=20 meningiomas (26.0%), followed by craniopharyngiomas (16.6%), which are = tumors of=20 the sellar region like those of the pituitary gland. These two groups = were=20 followed by hemangioblastoma (13.3%), which are considered tumors of the = meninges.<A name=3DTab2></A> <DIV class=3DCapt>Table 2 Number = of cases and=20 percent of first primary central nervous system tumors by behavior and=20 histology, California, 2001=962005 </DIV> <TABLE border=3D1> <COLGROUP> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."></COLGROUP> <THEAD> <TR class=3Dheader> <TH rowSpan=3D2 colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Histology</TH> <TH rowSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> ICD-O3 histology codes</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Malignant</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Benign</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Uncertain</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Total</TH></TR> <TR class=3Dheader> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH></TR></THEAD> <TBODY> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D11 align=3Dleft> Tumors of the neuroepithelial tissue</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Pilocytic astrocytoma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9421</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 488</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.5</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 488</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.0</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Diffuse astrocytoma (protoplasmic,=20 fibrillary)</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9410, 9420</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 87</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 87</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Anaplastic astrocytoma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9401, 9411</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 644</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 644</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.6</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Unique astrocytoma variants</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9383, 9384, 9424</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 36</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 82</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 118</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Astrocytoma, NOS</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9400, 9412</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 587</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 590</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.4</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Glioblastoma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9440, 9441, 9442</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4,180</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 45.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4,180</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 16.8</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Oligodendroglioma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9450</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 448</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 448</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.8</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Anaplastic oligodendroglioma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9451, 9460</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 207</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 207</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.8</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Ependymoma/Anaplastic = ependymoma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9391, 9392, 9393</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 418</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 418</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.7</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Ependymoma variant, = Myxopapillary</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9394</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 146</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 9.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 146</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.6</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Mixed glioma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9382</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 313</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 313</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Glioma malignant, NOS</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9380</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 497</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 497</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.0</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Choroid plexus</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9390</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 20</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 68</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Neuroepithelial</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9381, 9423, 9430, 9444</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 25</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> <5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 27</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Neuronal/glial, neuronal and = mixed</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 8680, 9413, 9490, 9492, 9493, 9500, 9501, 9505, 9506, = 9508</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 59</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 91</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.6</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 200</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 12.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 350</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.4</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Pineal parenchymal</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9360, 9361, 9362</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 34</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 26</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 60</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> PNET/medulloblastoma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9470, 9471, 9472, 9473, 9474</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 399</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 399</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.6</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D11 align=3Dleft> Tumors of cranial & spinal nerves</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Nerve sheath tumors</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 9540, 9550, 9560, 9561, 9570</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 17</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,537</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 18.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 23</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,577</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 10.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D11 align=3Dleft> Tumors of meninges</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Meningioma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9530, 9531, 9532, 9533, 9534, 9537, 9538, 9539</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 138</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7,257</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 51.6</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 424</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 26.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7,819</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 31.4</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Other mesenchymal</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 8324, 8728, 8801, 8806, 8810, 8815, 8850, 8861, 8890, 8900, = 8920, 9150,=20 9260</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 25</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 21</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 49</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 95</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Hemangioblastoma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9131, 9161, 9535</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 17</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 217</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 13.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 234</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.9</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D11 align=3Dleft> Lymphomas</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 9590, 9591, 9650, 9670, 9671, 9675, 9680, 9684, 9687, 9690, = 9691, 9695,=20 9698, 9699, 9702, 9705, 9714, 9719, 9727, 9728, 9729, 9731, 9733, = 9734,=20 9740, 9741, 9750, 9755, 9930 </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 694</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 694</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.8</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D11 align=3Dleft> Germ cell tumors</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 9060, 9064, 9065, 9070, 9071, 9080, 9081, 9084, 9085</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 157</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 25</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 182</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.7</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D11 align=3Dleft> Tumors of sellar region</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Pituitary tumors</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 8270, 8271, 8272, 8280, 8290, 8300,9580</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 15</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,384</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 24.1</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,399</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 13.6</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Craniopharyngioma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9350, 9351, 9352</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 271</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 16.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 271</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.1</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D11 align=3Dleft> Local extensions from regional tumors</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Chordoma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 9370, 9371, 9372</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 23</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 23</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D11 align=3Dleft> Unclassifed tumors</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Hemangioma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 9120, 9121, 9122, 9130, 9133</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.7</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 96</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Neoplasm, unspecified</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 8000, 8005, 8010</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 208</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 76</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 179</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 11.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 463</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.9</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> All other</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 8720, 8728, 9580, 9751</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> =96</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 9,236</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> =96</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 14,057</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> =96</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> 1,630</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> =96</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 24,923</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> =96</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE> <DIV class=3DCapt> <DIV class=3DCaptCont> <DIV>PNET primitive neuroectodermal tumors = </DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV> <DIV class=3DPara> <DIV>As shown in Table <A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#Tab3">3</A>,=20 the highest incident histologies were glioblastoma (2.6 per 100,000) for = malignant and meningioma (4.5 per 100,000) for benign PCNST. The AAIR = for=20 glioblastomas was 1.7 times greater in males compared to females, while = the rate=20 of meningiomas was 2.3 times greater in females compared to males. = Non-Hispanic=20 white males had the highest AAIR of glioblastoma (3.9 per 100,000), = which was=20 significantly higher than all other race/ethnic groups by sex. = Non-Hispanic=20 white males had significantly higher AAIRs than other race/ethnic = groups; a=20 higher incidence of anaplastic astrocytoma, except for Hispanic males; = and a=20 higher incidence of nerve sheath tumors, except for Asian/Pacific = Islander=20 males. The AAIRs for astrocytoma, NOS, and pilocytic astrocytoma were=20 significantly higher for non-Hispanic white males compared to = Asian/Pacific=20 Islander males. Among females, non-Hispanic white females had the = highest rate=20 of glioblastoma (2.4 per 100,000), regardless of race/ethnicity. = Non-Hispanic=20 white females had a significantly higher AAIR compared to other = race/ethnic=20 groups for nerve sheath tumors, except for Asian/Pacific Islander = females.<A=20 name=3DTab3></A> <DIV class=3DCapt>Table 3 Age-Adjusted=20 Incidence Rates (AAIR)* of selected first primary malignant and benign = central=20 nervous system tumors by histology and sex, California, 2001=962005 = </DIV> <TABLE border=3D1> <COLGROUP> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."></COLGROUP> <THEAD> <TR class=3Dheader> <TH rowSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Behavior</TH> <TH rowSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Histology</TH> <TH align=3Dleft> Sex</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Total</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> NH White</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> NH Black</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Hispanic</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> API</TH></TR> <TR class=3Dheader> <TH align=3Dleft> </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> AAIR</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 95% CI</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> AAIR</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 95% CI</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> AAIR</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 95% CI</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> AAIR</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 95% CI</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> AAIR</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> 95% CI</TH></TR></THEAD> <TBODY> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D30 align=3Dleft> Malignant</TD> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Astrocytoma, anaplastic</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5, 0.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.4</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Astrocytoma, NOS</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Glioblastoma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.5, 2.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.0, 3.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.3, 1.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.1, 2.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.1, 1.4</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.1, 3.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.7, 4.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.6, 2.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.5, 3.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.3, 1.9</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.9, 2.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.3, 2.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.9, 1.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.7, 2.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.7, 1.1</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Oligodendroglioma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Anaplastic oligodendroglioma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.1</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.1</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Ependymomas, anaplastic</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Mixed glioma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Glioma malignant, NOS</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.4</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> PNET/Meduloblastoma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.0, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Lymphomas</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4, 0.6</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5, 0.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4, 0.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4, 0.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4, 0.7</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.5</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D12 align=3Dleft> Benign</TD> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Pilocytic astrocytoma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3, 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2, 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.1, 0.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Nerve sheath</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.4, 1.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.7, 1.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5, 0.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.9, 1.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.3, 1.7</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.5, 1.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.7, 2.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5, 1.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.8, 1.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.4, 1.9</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.4, 1.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.5, 1.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4, 0.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.9, 1.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.2, 1.6</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Meningioma</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.4, 4.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.5, 4.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.5, 5.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.7, 4.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.9, 4.5</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.5, 2.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.7, 3.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.6, 3.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.7, 2.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.0, 2.7</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.9, 6.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.1, 6.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.8, 7.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.3, 6.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.3, 6.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD rowSpan=3D3 align=3Dleft> Pituitary tumors</TD> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.9, 2.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.6, 1.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.9, 3.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.3, 2.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.6, 2.0</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.0. 2.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.7, 2.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.2, 4.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.3, 2.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.5, 2.1</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.9, 2.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.5, 1.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.5, 3.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.4, 2.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.6, 2.1</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE> <DIV class=3DCapt> <DIV class=3DCaptCont> <DIV>* Age-adjusted incidence rates are per 100,000 population. = Rates are=20 standardized to the 2000 US population</DIV></DIV> <DIV class=3DCaptCont> <DIV>PNET primitive neuroectodermal tumors = </DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV> Non-Hispanic black males had significantly higher AAIR for pituitary = tumors=20 (3.8 per 100,000) compared to all other race/ethnic groups by sex and a=20 significantly higher AAIR for meningiomas compared to Hispanic males.=20 Non-Hispanic black females had a significantly higher AAIR for pituitary = tumors=20 compared to males and females in other race/ethnic groups, except = non-Hispanic=20 black males and Hispanic males and females. <DIV class=3DPara> <DIV>Table <A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#Tab4">4</A>=20 shows that malignant tumors occurred most often among adults, = 20=9664 years=20 old. The exception was PNET/medulloblastoma (71.9%) which occurred = mostly among=20 children, adolescents and teens, 0=9619 years old. Adults aged = 65 years=20 and older had higher proportions of glioblastomas (44.3%) and lymphomas = (40.6%).=20 Malignant tumors occurred chiefly among males with the exception of = glioma and=20 pilocytic astrocytoma, which occurred slightly more often among females. = Hispanics had higher proportions of PNET/medulloblastoma (47.4%) and=20 ependymoma/anaplastic ependymoma (33.5%). A higher proportion of = lymphoma=20 (13.5%) was seen among Asian/Pacific Islanders compared to other = histologies.=20 Most cases lived in areas of high SES, except for PNET/medulloblastoma, = where=20 41.9% of the cases were of the lowest SES group.<A name=3DTab4></A> <DIV class=3DCapt>Table 4 Number = of cases and=20 percent of selected first primary malignant and benign central nervous = system=20 tumors by demographics and histology, California, 2001=962005 </DIV> <TABLE border=3D1> <COLGROUP> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."></COLGROUP> <THEAD> <TR class=3Dheader> <TH colSpan=3D17 align=3Dleft> Malignant</TH></TR> <TR class=3Dheader> <TH rowSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> Demographic characteristics</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Anaplastic astrocytoma</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Glioblastoma</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Ependymoma/anaplastic ependymoma</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Glioma, NOS</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> PNET/medullo-blastoma</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Lymphoma</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Other</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Total</TH></TR> <TR class=3Dheader> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH></TR></THEAD> <TBODY> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D17 align=3Dleft> Age group (years)</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> 0=9619</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 52</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 53</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 128</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 30.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 166</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 33.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 287</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 71.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 18</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 410</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 17.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,114</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 12.1</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> 20=9664</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 443</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 68.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,277</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 54.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 253</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 60.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 183</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 36.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 110</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 27.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 394</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 56.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,542</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 64.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5,202</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 56.3</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> 65+</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 149</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 23.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,850</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 44.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 37</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 148</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 29.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 282</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 40.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 452</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 18.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,920</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 31.6</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D17 align=3Dleft> Sex</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 363</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 56.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,441</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 58.4 </TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 212</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 50.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 247</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 49.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 248</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 62.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 398</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 57.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,323</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 55.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5,232</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 56.6</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 281</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 43.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,739</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 41.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 206</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 49.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 250</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 50.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 151</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 37.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 296</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 42.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,081</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 45.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4,004</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 43.4</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D17 align=3Dleft> Race/ethnicity</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Non-Hispanic White</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 423</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 65.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,059</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 73.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 219</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 52.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 276</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 55.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 164</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 41.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 400</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 57.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,424</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 59.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5,965</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 64.6</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Non-Hispanic Black</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 16</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 143</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 23</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 29</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 13</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 38</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 116</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 378</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.1</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Hispanic</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 152</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 23.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 724</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 17.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 140</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 33.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 140</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 28.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 189</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 47.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 156</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 22.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 621</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 25.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,122</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 23.0</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Asian-Pacific Islander</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 50</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 242</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 34</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 47</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 9.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 31</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 94</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 13.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 228</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 9.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 726</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7.9</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Other/unknown</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 12</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 15</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 45</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.5</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D17 align=3Dleft> Socioeconomic status</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Low</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 218</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 33.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,218</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 29.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 157</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 37.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 184</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 37.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 167</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 41.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 245</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 35.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 831</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 34.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,020</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 32.7</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Medium</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 131</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 20.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 875</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 20.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 69</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 16.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 105</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 21.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 77</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 19.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 141</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 20.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 509</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 21.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,907</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 20.6</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> High</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 295</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 45.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,087</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 49.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 192</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 45.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 208</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 41.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 155</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 38.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 308</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 44.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,064</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 44.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4,309</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 46.7</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D17 align=3Dleft> Level of urbanization </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Rural</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 52</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 305</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 26</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 34</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 19</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 47</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 148</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 631</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.8</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Urban</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 592</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 91.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,875</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 92.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 392</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 463</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 380</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 95.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 647</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,256</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8,605</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93.2</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 644</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4,180</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 418</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 497</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 399</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 694</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,404</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 9,236</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE> <TABLE border=3D1> <COLGROUP> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dchar char=3D"."> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dleft> <COL align=3Dleft></COLGROUP> <THEAD> <TR class=3Dheader> <TH colSpan=3D17 align=3Dleft> Benign</TH></TR> <TR class=3Dheader> <TH rowSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft> </TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Pilocytic astrocytoma</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Nerve sheath tumors</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Meningioma</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Pituitary tumors</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Other</TH> <TH colSpan=3D2 align=3Dleft char=3D"."> Total</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TH> <TH align=3Dleft> </TH> <TH align=3Dleft> </TH> <TH align=3Dleft> </TH></TR> <TR class=3Dheader> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> n </TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> %</TH> <TH align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TH> <TH align=3Dleft> </TH> <TH align=3Dleft> </TH> <TH align=3Dleft> </TH></TR></THEAD> <TBODY> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D17 align=3Dleft> Age group (years)</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> 0=9619</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 371</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 76.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 48</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 30</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 0.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 143</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 106</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 27.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 698</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> 20=9664</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 111</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 22.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,037</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 80.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,863</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 53.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,444</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 72.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 221</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 56.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8,676</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 61.7</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> 65+</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 452</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 17.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,364</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 46.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 797</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 23.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 64</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 16.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4,683</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 33.3</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D17 align=3Dleft> Sex</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Male</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 240</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 49.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,290</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 50.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,923</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 26.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,634</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 48.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 190</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 48.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5,277</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 37.5</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Female</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 248</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 50.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,247</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 49.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 5,334</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 73.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,750</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 51.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 201</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 51.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8,780</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 62.5</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D17 align=3Dleft> Race/ethnicity</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Non-Hispanic White</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 250</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 51.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,639</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 64.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4,626</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 63.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,528</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 45.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 223</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 57.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 8,266</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 58.8</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Non-Hispanic Black</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 31</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 74</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 460</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 322</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 9.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 15</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 902</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.4</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Hispanic</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 168</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 34.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 423</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 16.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,273</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 17.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,116</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 33.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 112</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 28.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,092</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 22.0</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Asian-Pacific Islander</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 30</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 326</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 12.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 829</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 11.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 385</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 11.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 35</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 9.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,605</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 11.4</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Other/unknown</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 75</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 69</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 33</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 192</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1.4</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D17 align=3Dleft> Socioeconomic status</TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Low</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 191</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 39.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 630</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 24.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,323</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 32.0</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,299</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 38.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 130</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 33.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4,573</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 32.5</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Medium</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 94</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 19.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 488</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 19.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,537</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 21.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 689</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 20.4</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 101</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 25.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,909</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 20.7</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> High</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 203</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 41.6</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,419</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 55.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,397</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 46.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 1,396</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 41.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 160</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 40.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6,575</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 46.8</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD colSpan=3D17 align=3Dleft> Level of urbanization </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Rural</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 35</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7.2</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 165</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 469</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 159</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 4.7</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 31</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7.9</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 859</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6.1</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Urban</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 453</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 92.8</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,372</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 6,788</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93.5</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,225</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 95.3</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 360</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 92.1</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 13,198</TD> <TD align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 93.9</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR> <TR class=3Dnoclass> <TD align=3Dleft> Total</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 488</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 2,537</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 7,257</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 3,384</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 391</TD> <TD colSpan=3D2 align=3Dchar char=3D"."> 14,057</TD> <TD align=3Dleft char=3D"."> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD> <TD align=3Dleft> </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE> <DIV class=3DCapt> <DIV class=3DCaptCont> <DIV>NOS not otherwise specified, PNET primitive = neuroectodermal=20 tumors </DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV> Patients with benign tumors were more similar demographically across=20 histology groups than those with malignant tumors. Unlike malignant = tumors,=20 benign tumors occurred chiefly among females (62.5%). Benign PCNST = occurred most=20 often among adults, 20=9664 years old (61.7%); non-Hispanic whites = (58.8%)=20 followed by Hispanics (22.0%); those in the higher SES groups (46.8%) = followed=20 by those in the lowest (32.5%); and urban residents (93.9%) at time of=20 diagnosis. Meningiomas were highest among females (73.5%). Pilocytic = astrocytoma=20 (76.0%) occurred mostly among children, adolescents and teens, = 0=9619 years=20 old. Among Hispanics and non-Hispanic blacks, tumors of the pituitary = gland=20 occurred more often than other anatomic sites (33% and 9.5%, = respectively).=20 </DIV> <DIV><A name=3DSec7></A> <HR> <DIV class=3Dheading2>Discussion</DIV> Thirty-seven percent of California=92s PCNST were found to be = malignant and 56%=20 benign. The AAIR of malignant PCNST in California was 5.8 cases per = 100,000=20 persons, and benign PCNST was 8.5 cases per 100,000 persons. Consistent with findings of other studies, the incidence of malignant = tumors=20 increased with increasing age except for the youngest = (0=9614 years) and=20 oldest (>65 years) members of our study population [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR11">11</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR17">17</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR18">18</A></CITE>].=20 A similar, but more monotonic age-related pattern was found for benign = tumors.=20 The highest incidence for both malignant and benign PCNST was among = adults,=20 20=9664 years old. Median age at diagnosis ranged widely by sex,=20 race/ethnicity, SES, and the level of urbanization of patient residence. = Significant differences were found in median age at diagnosis by sex for = malignant but not for benign PCNST. Non-Hispanic whites were the oldest=20 (57 years old) while Hispanics were the youngest (41 years = old). Those=20 in the lowest SES level and those who lived in rural California were=20 significantly younger at the time of diagnosis. Disparities in median = age at=20 diagnosis could indicate etiologic differences in PCNST or disparities = in=20 healthcare utilization, access and diagnostics among these groups. The incidence of malignant PCNST was highest among non-Hispanic white = males,=20 followed by Hispanic males [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR17">17</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR19">19</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR20">20</A></CITE>].=20 Benign PCNST in California occurred more often among females. The AAIRs = were=20 similar across all race/ethnic groups, lead slightly by non-Hispanic = black=20 females (10.5 per 100,000). In our race/ethnicity analyses, we found=20 significantly higher AAIRs for glioblastoma, pilocytic astrocytoma, = anaplastic=20 astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, and nerve sheath tumors among = non-Hispanic white=20 males and females. In comparison, non-Hispanic black males and females = had=20 significantly higher rates of meningiomas and pituitary tumors [<CITE><A = href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR21">21</A></CITE>=96<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR28">28</A></CITE>].=20 We found higher incidence rates of nerve sheath tumors among = Asian/Pacific=20 Islanders. Unlike other studies, we found that the AAIR of pituitary = tumors=20 among Asian/Pacific Islanders was nearly the same rate as reported for=20 non-Hispanic whites [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR29">29</A></CITE>=96<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR32">32</A></CITE>].=20 Overall PCNST proportional incidence, regardless of tumor behavior, = was=20 highest for the highest SES group, followed by the lowest SES group = [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR28">28</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR33">33</A></CITE>].=20 Inskip et al. (2003) found similar results for gliomas and = meningiomas, in=20 which the incidence was highest among those with more education, greater = income,=20 and private insurance. The incidence among those with public insurance = was also=20 somewhat higher, possibly betraying a reporting bias linked to = population=20 healthcare coverage [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR33">33</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR34">34</A></CITE>].=20 Differential tumor detection and reporting between those with and = without health=20 insurance may account for some of the observed differences. As in other studies, glioblastoma was the dominant histologic = category for=20 malignant PCNST (43%) in California [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR35">35</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR36">36</A></CITE>].=20 Although the proportion of cases we found in California was exceedingly = higher=20 than that found by others [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR11">11</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR37">37</A></CITE>],=20 California=92s AAIR (2.6 per 100,000 cases) was lower than those = recorded=20 elsewhere, which range from 3.1 to 4.8/100,000 [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR11">11</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR38">38</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR39">39</A></CITE>].=20 The AAIR of lymphoma (0.4 per 100,000) was similar in California to that = reported elsewhere [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR11">11</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR38">38</A></CITE>=96<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR40">40</A></CITE>],=20 despite changes in their histological classification and their effect = over time=20 [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR41">41</A></CITE>].=20 The dominant histologic categories for benign PCNST were meningiomas = (53.5%),=20 tumors of the pituitary gland (24.9%), and tumors of the nerve sheath = (18.7%),=20 collectively representing 97% of California=92s benign tumor cases. The = AAIRs for=20 meningiomas, tumors of the pituitary gland, and tumors of the nerve = sheath were=20 4.5, 2.0, and 1.5 per 100,000, respectively. Californian rates for = meningiomas=20 were similar to those reported by some other studies [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR11">11</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR35">35</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR38">38</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR39">39</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR42">42</A></CITE>]=20 but not all [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR43">43</A></CITE>].=20 The rate of pituitary tumors in California was higher than that reported = by=20 CBTRUS, 1.37 per 100,000 [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR11">11</A></CITE>],=20 while the incidence rate for tumors of the nerve sheath was the same as = that=20 reported for the nation. Cancer incidence is difficult to compare across geographical areas,=20 time-periods and information sources. Data used in national and = international=20 incidence studies can differ in diagnostic and neuropathological = assessment,=20 case ascertainment practices [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR44">44</A></CITE>=96<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR47">47</A></CITE>].=20 Some studies are single institution or if population-based may lack a = sufficient=20 case population to calculate incidence rates or if rates can be = calculated, the=20 use of the world standard population for incidence rates standardization = rather=20 than the U.S. standard population [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR48">48</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR49">49</A></CITE>].=20 Among U.S. CNS tumor incidence studies, counts and rates can vary by = data=20 collection sources and tumor classifications systems. All national CNS = tumor=20 incidence statistics derived cases from one of four centralized data = collection=20 sources: the NPCR from the CDC; the North American Association of = Central Cancer=20 Registries (NAACCR); SEER and CBTRUS. Both NPCR and NAACCR are = population-based=20 and cover more than 95% of the U.S. population [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR8">8</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR50">50</A></CITE>],=20 while SEER, a non-random sample of central cancer registries, represents = 26% of=20 the population [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR9">9</A></CITE>].=20 CBTRUS differs from these agencies since it is a voluntary repository = for CNS=20 tumor data. In 1999, CBTRUS was estimated to cover 15% of the U.S. = population=20 with contributions from 16 state registries (excluding California) = [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR11">11</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR51">51</A></CITE>].=20 All of these cancer data collection agencies use the ICD-O tumor = classification=20 system [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR7">7</A></CITE>];=20 whereas neuropathologists use the WHO grading system, which is specific = to=20 classifying CNS tumors [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR52">52</A></CITE>].=20 Both of these tumor malignancy scales were created by the World Health=20 Organization and can differ substantially, one essential difference is = in tumor=20 behavior categories. The ICD-O category of uncertain tumor behavior = applies to=20 CNS tumors, whereas the WHO grading scheme does not have an option for = coding=20 tumors of uncertain behavior. Coding discrepancies can occur at the = individual=20 pathology report level. This issue is further complicated by the = application of=20 data collection agency specific coding rules. Pilocytic astrocytoma is=20 considered benign using the WHO grading system and ICD-O-3, but it is = classified=20 as malignant for reporting purposes by NAACCR and SEER and thus all = North=20 American central tumor registries. Given that pilocytic astrocytoma is a = high-incidence histology, its inclusion or exclusion could significantly = sway=20 pediatric PCNST statistics. On the other hand, some statistical sources = choose=20 not to partition histologies by tumor behavior, thus the incidence of = CNS tumors=20 calculated by these sources can appear higher than from other sources = [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR11">11</A></CITE>].=20 Other differences in CNS tumor incidence statistics can arise from = the=20 inclusion of all CNS tumors from a single case, regardless of tumor = sequence=20 (first primary tumors versus all primary tumors) and the organization of = tumor=20 histology codes. The CCR as well as all member central cancer registries = of NPCR=20 and NAACCR, use the SEER program=92s incidence site recode system that=20 standardizes ICD-O histology subgroups [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR7">7</A></CITE>,=20 <CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR9">9</A></CITE>].=20 When comparing the incidence of pituitary gland tumors between sources, = we found=20 wide variation in the ICD-O-3 histology codes used by CBTRUS and SEER. = These=20 code subgroup differences may explain a nearly two-fold difference in = reported=20 incidence in California compared to the nation, as reported by CBTRUS = [<CITE><A=20 href=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/fulltext.htm= l#CR11">11</A></CITE>].=20 This is the first study to examine both malignant and benign PCNST in = California. California is a large, heavily populated state with a = diverse=20 ethnic, cultural, and socioeconomic population. This diversity is = reflected in=20 the CCR, and we were able to conduct robust analyses and make = comparisons that=20 few others can perform. The CCR=92s epidemiologic value stems from the = 1988=20 state-mandated comprehensive reporting of cancer cases from all = physicians,=20 hospitals, clinics, treatment facilities and pathology laboratories. = Because a=20 single standard is used for statewide data collection, quality = assurance, and=20 training and education for cancer registration, we acquire optimal case=20 ascertainment and a high level of accuracy for many data items. Our study and data source are not without limitations. This study was = conducted solely using the CCR and was not supplemented with other data. = The CCR=20 data are collected for the purpose of surveillance and can be less = detailed than=20 those derived from medical records to support the design of a specific = research=20 study. Population-based cancer registry data are derived from many = sources,=20 thus, the quality of some variables may vary. Individual-level social = indicators=20 are not available to the CCR. Our SES measure is a composite of = census-derived=20 data and is more efficient for data analysis, and it avoids biases = inherent in=20 the use of individual component indicators. Another potential source of = error is=20 the misclassification of cases. Despite a rigorous data review and = cleaning=20 process, cases could have been misclassified based on tumor behavior, = histology,=20 and/or anatomical site. Cancer surveillance identifies populations at greatest risk and which = of=20 their specific population attributes are associated with disease, = providing=20 valuable insights into disease etiology and prevention. This study of = California=20 PCNST establishes a foundation for future studies to examine age-group=20 differences (i.e., children and seniors), specific histologies (i.e.,=20 glioblastoma and pituitary tumors), risk factors, and incidence trends = over=20 time. </DIV> <DIV class=3DAcknowledgments><SPAN=20 class=3DAcknowledgmentsHeading>Acknowledgement Th= e=20 collection of cancer incidence data used in this study was supported by = the=20 California Department of Public Health as part of the statewide cancer = reporting=20 program mandated by California Health and Safety Code Sect. 103885; the = National=20 Cancer Institute=92s Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program = under=20 contract N01-PC-35136 awarded to the Northern California Cancer Center, = contract=20 N01-PC-35139 awarded to the University of Southern California, and = contract=20 N01-PC-54404 awarded to the Public Health Institute; and the Centers for = Disease=20 Control and Prevention=92s National Program of Cancer Registries, under = agreement=20 1U58DP00807-01 awarded to the Public Health Institute. The authors would = like to=20 thank Mark Allen, Research Scientist II, Winny Roshala, CTR, Quality = Control=20 Specialist II and Jennifer Dodge, MS, Research Scientist I, of the = California=20 Cancer Registry for their technical support and Dr. Erica Whitney of the = University of California, Davis and Cynthia Klutznick for their = editorial=20 guidance. <DIV class=3DFormalPara> <DIV><SPAN=20 style=3D"FONT-STYLE: italic; TEXT-DECORATION: = none">Disclaimer =20 The ideas and opinions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and=20 endorsement by the State of California, Department of Public Health the = National=20 Cancer Institute, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or = their=20 Contractors and Subcontractors is not intended nor should be inferred.=20 </DIV></DIV> <DIV class=3DFormalPara> <DIV>Open=20 Access This article is distributed under the terms of = the=20 Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any=20 noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, = provided the=20 original author(s) and source are credited. </DIV></DIV></DIV> <HR> <H2><A name=3DBib1></A>References </H2> <TABLE> <TBODY class=3DCitation> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>1.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR1></A>California Cancer Registry (CCR): Brain and = CNS Cancer=20 Incidence, 2001=962005. SEER*Stat Database: Incidence - = California, April=20 2008 (1988=962006), released April 2008. National Center for = Health=20 Statistics (NCHS) population estimates for 1990=962006; = Benchmarked=20 1988=961989. California Department of Finance (DOF) population = estimates=20 July 2007. California Department of Public Health, Chronic Disease = Surveillance an`d Research Section, generated by K. Bauer = </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>2.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR2></A>Kleihues P, Burger PC, Scheithauer BW (1993) = The new=20 WHO classification of brain tumours. Brain Pathol 3:255=96268. = doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3639.1993.tb00752.x">10.1111/j.1= 750-3639.1993.tb00752.x</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D8293185"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3639.1993.tb00752.x"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= AByuC383pvVU%253D&md5=3D9ed397b6ea9ae1ad9735a4b66f11741e"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>3.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR3></A>McCarthy BJ, Propp JM, Davis FG, Burger PC = (2008) Time=20 trends in oligodendroglial and astrocytic tumor incidence.=20 Neuroepidemiology 30:34=9644. doi:<A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000115440">10.1159/000115440</A> = <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D18259099"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000115440"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>4.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR4></A>U.S. Congress: Public Law 107=96260, Benign = Brain Tumor=20 Cancer Registries Amendment Act </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>5.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR5></A>U.S. Census Bureau: American Community Survey, = 2003=20 Summary Tables. Generated by Monica Brown; using American = FactFinder=20 </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>6.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR6></A>Cancer Reporting in California: Abstracting = and Coding=20 Procedures for Hospitals. California Cancer Reporting System = Standards,=20 Volume 1. Section II19, Determining Reportability, = Intracranial/CNS=20 Tumors. California Department of Public Health, Chronic Disease=20 Surveillance and Research Branch, Sacramento </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>7.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR7></A>Fritz A, Percy C, Jack A, Shanmugaratnam K, = Sobin L,=20 Parkin DM, Whelan S (eds) (2000) International classification of = diseases=20 for oncology: ICD-O. World Health Organization, Geneva </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>8.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR8></A>National Program of Central Cancer Registries = (NPCR).=20 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>9.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR9></A>Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results = (SEER)=20 Program. National Cancer Institute, DCCPS, Surveillance Research = Program,=20 Cancer Statistics Branch </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>10.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR10></A>Appendix V: Brain and CNS Site/Histology = Listing.=20 Cancer Reporting in California: Abstracting and Coding Procedures = for=20 Hospitals, California Cancer Reporting System Standards. = California=20 Department of Public Health, Chronic Disease Surveillance and = Research=20 Branch </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>11.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR11></A>CBTRUS Statistical Report: Primary Brain = Tumors in=20 the United States, 2000=962004. Central Brain Tumor Registry of = the United=20 States, 2008 </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>12.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR12></A>Stewart SL, Swallen KC, Glaser SL, Horn-Ross = PL, West=20 DW (1999) Comparison of methods for classifying Hispanic ethnicity = in a=20 population-based cancer registry. Am J Epidemiol = 149:1063=961071 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D10355383"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ADyaK1M3otFGitg%253D%253D&md5=3D5ce306f9e807f37047b4208d9d196289"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>13.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR13></A>Rural Urban Commuting Area Code US Department = of=20 Agriculture Economic Research Service, 2001, Washington, DC = </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>14.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR14></A>Rural Health Research Center (RHRC): The Use = of RUCAS=20 (Version 2.0) in Health Care. The University of Washington, WWAMI, = Center=20 for Health Workforce Studies, Seattle </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>15.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR15></A>Yost K, Perkins C, Cohen R, Morris C, Wright = W (2001)=20 Socioeconomic status and breast cancer incidence in California for = different race/ethnic groups. Cancer Causes Control 12:703=96711. = doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1011240019516">10.1023/A:101124001951= 6</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D11562110"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1011240019516" = target=3D_blank><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3DSpringerLink=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/springer_link= .gif"=20 width=3D108 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ADC%252BD3MrhsVantw%253D%253D&md5=3De55abb0e2e388ea58b0b821e7f717c71"= =20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>16.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR16></A>Fliess JL, Levin B, Paik MC (2003) = Statistical=20 methods for rates and proportions. Wiley, New York <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0471445428" target=3D_blank><IMG = border=3D0=20 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>17.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR17></A>Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results = (SEER)=20 Program Age-Adjusted Incidence Rates & 95% Confidence = Intervals for=20 Brain and Other Nervous System Cancer, All Ages SEER 17 Registries = for=20 2000=962004. In: Surveillance E, and End Results Program (ed). = National=20 Cancer Institute, DCCPS, Surveillance Research Program, Cancer = Statistics=20 Branch </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>18.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR18></A>Deorah S, Lynch CF, Sibenaller ZA, Ryken TC = (2006)=20 Trends in brain cancer incidence and survival in the United = States:=20 surveillance, epidemiology, and end results program, 1973 to 2001. = Neurosurg Focus 20:E1. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/foc.2006.20.4.1">10.3171/foc.2006.20.4.= 1</A>=20 </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>19.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR19></A>Howe HL, Wu X, Ries LA, Cokkinides V, Ahmed = F, Jemal=20 A, Miller B, Williams M, Ward E, Wingo PA, Ramirez A, Edwards BK = (2006)=20 Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, 1975=962003 = featuring=20 cancer among U.S. Hispanic/Latino populations. Cancer = 107:1711=961742.=20 doi:<A = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.22193">10.1002/cncr.22193</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D16958083"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.22193"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>20.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR20></A>Canto MT, Chu KC (2000) Annual cancer = incidence rates=20 for Hispanics in the United States: surveillance, epidemiology, = and end=20 results, 1992=961996. Cancer 88:2642=962652. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(20000601)88:11%3c2642::AID-CN= CR29%3e3.0.CO;2-S">10.1002/1097-0142(20000601)88:11<2642::AID-CNCR29&g= t;3.0.CO;2-S</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D10861444"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(20000601)88:11%3C2642::AID-CN= CR29%3E3.0.CO;2-S"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ADC%252BD3cvisFyqtg%253D%253D&md5=3Dcc3a5ea813becfe3d0c0c9522d97fc82"= =20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>21.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR21></A>Robertson JT, Gunter BC, Somes GW (2002) = Racial=20 differences in the incidence of gliomas: a retrospective study = from=20 Memphis, Tennessee. Br J Neurosurg 16:562=96566 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D12617237"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ADC%252BD3s7gsVagsg%253D%253D&md5=3Da0a0f2b1f524eba8f3317cd002dfd7a8"= =20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>22.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR22></A>Davis FG, Malinski N, Haenszel W, Chang J, = Flannery=20 J, Gershman S, Dibble R, Bigner DD (1996) Primary brain tumor = incidence=20 rates in four United States regions, 1985=961989: a pilot study.=20 Neuroepidemiology 15:103=96112. doi:<A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000109895">10.1159/000109895</A> = <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D8684582"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000109895"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ABymB28%252FovFI%253D&md5=3D5fc8b9a0f90c620bd0e338d94fa7fa08"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>23.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR23></A>Polednak AP, Flannery JT (1995) Brain, other = central=20 nervous system, and eye cancer. Cancer 75:330=96337. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(19950101)75:1+%3c330::AID-CNC= R2820751315%3e3.0.CO;2-5">10.1002/1097-0142(19950101)75:1+<330::AID-CN= CR2820751315>3.0.CO;2-5</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D8001004"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(19950101)75:1+%3C330::AID-CNC= R2820751315%3E3.0.CO;2-5"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= AByqD1Mvht10%253D&md5=3Dfa62a1a9657c6e3b065afa3e6b42bfeb"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>24.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR24></A>Fan KJ, Pezeshkpour GH (1992) Ethnic = distribution of=20 primary central nervous system tumors in Washington, DC, 1971 to = 1985. J=20 Natl Med Assoc 84:858=96863 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D1404461"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= AByyD387itVI%253D&md5=3Da3a4ee1be086072105f428b36b2d95c0"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>25.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR25></A>Fan KJ, Kovi J, Earle KM (1977) The ethnic=20 distribution of primary central nervous system tumors: AFIP, 1958 = to 1970.=20 J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 36:41=9649. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005072-197701000-00005">10.1097/00005= 072-197701000-00005</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D188996"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005072-197701000-00005"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ACSiD1MngtlU%253D&md5=3Da2f6d8a04b8519c25a7967d7889c01dd"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>26.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR26></A>Choi NW, Schuman LM, Gullen WH (1970) = Epidemiology of=20 primary central nervous system neoplasms. I. mortality from = primary=20 central nervous system neoplasms in Minnesota. Am J Epidemiol=20 91:238=96259 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D4313251"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ACS%252BC3MzislY%253D&md5=3D2bfe174bda79f70040357250a9c1f54a"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>27.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR27></A>Heshmat MY, Kovi J, Simpson C, Kennedy J, Fan = KJ=20 (1976) Neoplasms of the central nervous system. Incidence and = population=20 selectivity in the Washington DC, metropolitan area. Cancer = 38:2135=962142.=20 doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(197611)38:5%3c2135::AID-CNCR2= 820380543%3e3.0.CO;2-T">10.1002/1097-0142(197611)38:5<2135::AID-CNCR28= 20380543>3.0.CO;2-T</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D991126"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(197611)38:5%3C2135::AID-CNCR2= 820380543%3E3.0.CO;2-T"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ACSiD2cnovFI%253D&md5=3D69b6ae6f4cb2005c39d7e0aad7fd6e02"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>28.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR28></A>Preston-Martin S, Henderson BE, Peters JM = (1982)=20 Descriptive epidemiology of central nervous system neoplasms in = Los=20 Angeles County. Ann N Y Acad Sci 381:202=96208. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1982.tb50386.x">10.1111/j.1= 749-6632.1982.tb50386.x</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D6953791"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1982.tb50386.x"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ABi2B38bitVQ%253D&md5=3Dc96533964f59e71e0527815708955a63"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>29.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR29></A>Kuratsu J, Ushio Y (1996) Epidemiological = study of=20 primary intracranial tumors: a regional survey in Kumamoto = prefecture in=20 the southern part of Japan. J Neurosurg 84:946=96950 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D8847588"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ABymB3sjotlI%253D&md5=3Dfb4d8b6be14bc80b01fdeb6596099feb"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>30.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR30></A>Kepes JJ, Chen WY, Pang LC, Kepes M (1984) = Tumors of=20 the central nervous system in Taiwan, Republic of China. Surg = Neurol=20 22:149=96156. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0090-3019(84)90043-0">10.1016/0090-3019= (84)90043-0</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D6740478"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0090-3019(84)90043-0" = target=3D_blank><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ABiuB2M%252FmtFA%253D&md5=3Ddb63c7b20c4d4fbbf094a189c06bd0f9"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>31.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR31></A>Ho-cheong H (1979) Intracranial tumours among = Chinese=20 in Hong Kong. Surg Neurol 12:317=96318 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D524248"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ABi%252BC3czmsVw%253D&md5=3Df003c2f8bde6bb03adf9da0b29ff34c3"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>32.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR32></A>Cheng MK (1982) Brain tumors in the = People=92s Republic=20 of China: a statistical review. Neurosurgery 10:16=9621 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D7057973"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ABi2C38rns1Q%253D&md5=3De7ad8e312eba6a5583e5ccc078a34682"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>33.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR33></A>Inskip PD, Tarone RE, Hatch EE, Wilcosky TC, = Fine HA,=20 Black PM, Loeffler JS, Shapiro WR, Selker RG, Linet MS (2003)=20 Sociodemographic indicators and risk of brain tumours. Int J = Epidemiol=20 32:225=96233. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyg051">10.1093/ije/dyg051</A> = <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D12714541"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyg051"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>34.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR34></A>Barker DJ, Weller RO, Garfield JS (1976) = Epidemiology=20 of primary tumours of the brain and spinal cord: a regional survey = in=20 southern England. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 39:290=96296. = doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.39.3.290">10.1136/jnnp.39.3.290</A= >=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D932744"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.39.3.290"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ADyaE283hs1KmsA%253D%253D&md5=3D621de4ae398a317b6be52032d6569f35"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>35.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR35></A>Bauchet L, Rigau Vr, Mathieu-Daude′ = Hln,=20 Figarella-Branger D, Hugues D, Palusseau L, Bauchet F, Fabbro M, = Campello=20 C, Capelle L, Durand A, Tre′tarre B, Frappaz D, Henin D, = Menei P, Honnorat=20 Jr, Segnarbieux Fo (2007) French brain tumor data bank: = methodology and=20 first results on 10,000 cases. J Neurooncol </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>36.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR36></A>Surawicz TS, McCarthy BJ, Kupelian V, Jukich = PJ,=20 Bruner JM, Davis FG (1999) Descriptive epidemiology of primary = brain and=20 CNS tumors: results from the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the = United=20 States, 1990=961994. Neuro-oncol 1:14=9625 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D11554386"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ADC%252BD3MrgsFyjsg%253D%253D&md5=3D9dc1698d84d479c96fed5516a1c5617b"= =20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>37.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR37></A>Hoffman S, Propp JM, McCarthy BJ (2006) = Temporal=20 trends in incidence of primary brain tumors in the United States,=20 1985=961999. Neuro-oncol 8:27=9637. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/S1522851705000323">10.1215/S15228517050= 00323</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D16443945"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/S1522851705000323" = target=3D_blank><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>38.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR38></A>Fisher JL, Schwartzbaum JA, Wrensch M, = Wiemels JL=20 (2007) Epidemiology of brain tumors. Neurol Clin 25:867=96890 = vii <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D17964019"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ncl.2007.07.002" = target=3D_blank><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>39.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR39></A>Dobec-Meic B, Pikija S, Cvetko D, Trkulja V, = Pazanin=20 L, Kudelic N, Rotim K, Pavlicek I, Kostanjevec AR (2006) = Intracranial=20 tumors in adult population of the Varazdin County (Croatia) = 1996=962004: a=20 population-based retrospective incidence study. J Neurooncol = 78:303=96310.=20 doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11060-005-9100-2">10.1007/s11060-005-9= 100-2</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D16598428"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11060-005-9100-2" = target=3D_blank><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3DSpringerLink=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/springer_link= .gif"=20 width=3D108 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>40.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR40></A>Cote TR, Manns A, Hardy CR, Yellin FJ, Hartge = P=20 (1996) Epidemiology of brain lymphoma among people with or without = acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. AIDS/Cancer Study Group. J = Natl Cancer=20 Inst 88:675=96679. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/88.10.675">10.1093/jnci/88.10.675<= /A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D8627644"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/88.10.675"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ABymB3Mfot1Q%253D&md5=3D5d2ea064e4ce2c6520b25c9152a70e07"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>41.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR41></A>Clarke CA, Undurraga DM, Harasty PJ, Glaser = SL,=20 Morton LM, Holly EA (2006) Changes in cancer registry coding for = lymphoma=20 subtypes: reliability over time and relevance for surveillance and = study.=20 Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 15:630=96638. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-05-0549">10.1158/1055-996= 5.EPI-05-0549</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D16614102"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-05-0549" = target=3D_blank><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>42.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR42></A>Pobereskin LH, Chadduck JB (2000) Incidence = of brain=20 tumours in two English counties: a population based study. J = Neurol=20 Neurosurg Psychiatry 69:464=96471. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.69.4.464">10.1136/jnnp.69.4.464</A= >=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D10990505"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.69.4.464"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ADC%252BD3M%252Fht1Ohtg%253D%253D&md5=3D6edb0303e8e4e1c08347f1c563730= 9f2"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>43.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR43></A>Christensen HC, Kosteljanetz M, Johansen C = (2003)=20 Incidences of gliomas, meningiomas in Denmark, 1943 to 1997. = Neurosurgery=20 52:1327=961333 discussion 1333=961324 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D12762878"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.NEU.0000064802.46759.53"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>44.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR44></A>Castillo MS, Davis FG, Surawicz T, Bruner JM, = Bigner=20 S, Coons S, Bigner DD (2004) Consistency of primary brain tumor = diagnoses=20 and codes in cancer surveillance systems. Neuroepidemiology = 23:85=9693.=20 doi:<A = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000073980">10.1159/000073980</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D14739573"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000073980"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>45.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR45></A>Bruner JM, Inouye L, Fuller GN, Langford LA = (1997)=20 Diagnostic discrepancies and their clinical impact in a = neuropathology=20 referral practice. Cancer 79:796=96803. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19970215)79:4%3c796::AI= D-CNCR17%3e3.0.CO;2-V">10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19970215)79:4<796::AID-= CNCR17>3.0.CO;2-V</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D9024718"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19970215)79:4%3C796::AI= D-CNCR17%3E3.0.CO;2-V"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= AByiC2sjhs1I%253D&md5=3Dfe207632b88f945d27096578225f5d54"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>46.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR46></A>(1989) Intraobserver reproducibility in = assigning=20 brain tumors to classes in the World Health Organization = diagnostic=20 scheme. The Childhood Brain Tumor Consortium J Neurooncol = 7:211=96224 </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>47.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR47></A>Prayson RA, Agamanolis DP, Cohen ML, Estes = ML,=20 Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK, Abdul-Karim F, McClure SP, Sebek BA, = Vinay R=20 (2000) Interobserver reproducibility among neuropathologists and = surgical=20 pathologists in fibrillary astrocytoma grading. J Neurol Sci = 175:33=9639.=20 doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-510X(00)00274-4">10.1016/S0022-51= 0X(00)00274-4</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D10785254"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-510X(00)00274-4" = target=3D_blank><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ADC%252BD3c3kslensg%253D%253D&md5=3D071159b2d0946bae0ab6db242e3bdd39"= =20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>48.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR48></A>Bray F, Guilloux A, Sankila R, Parkin DM = (2002)=20 Practical implications of imposing a new world standard = population. Cancer=20 Causes Control 13:175=96182. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1014344519276">10.1023/A:101434451927= 6</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D11936824"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1014344519276" = target=3D_blank><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3DSpringerLink=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/springer_link= .gif"=20 width=3D108 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>49.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR49></A>Anderson RN, Rosenberg HM (1998) Age = standardization=20 of death rates: implementation of the year standard 2000. Natl = Vital Stat=20 Rep 47:1=9616 20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ADyaK1M%252Fht1eguw%253D%253D&md5=3D97e9017754014a8f4f2bc07b87b4bf3f"= =20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>50.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR50></A>North American Association of Central Cancer=20 Registries (NAACCR). NAACCR </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>51.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR51></A>Davis FG, McCarthy BJ (2001) Current = epidemiological=20 trends and surveillance issues in brain tumors. Expert Rev = Anticancer Ther=20 1:395=96401. doi:<A=20 = href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/14737140.1.3.395">10.1586/14737140.1.3.= 395</A>=20 <A=20 = href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=3DRetrieve&= db=3DPubMed&dopt=3DAbstract&list_uids=3D12113106"=20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DPubMed=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.g= if"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 href=3D"http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/14737140.1.3.395" = target=3D_blank><IMG=20 border=3D0 alt=3DCrossRef=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> <A=20 = href=3D"http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=3Dftslink&action=3D= reflink&origin=3Dspringer&version=3D1.0&coi=3D1%3ASTN%3A280%3= ADC%252BD38zmvVKitQ%253D%253D&md5=3D7147fa3d624748ee38ba67fc30b95797"= =20 target=3D_blank><IMG border=3D0 alt=3DChemPort=20 = src=3D"http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link= .gif"=20 width=3D65 height=3D20></A> </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR> <TR vAlign=3Dtop> <TD>52.</TD> <TD><A name=3DCR52></A>Louis DN, Ohgaki H, Wiestler OD, Cavenee WK = (eds)=20 (2007) WHO classification of tumours of the central nervous = system. WHO=20 Press, Geneva </TD></TR> <TR> <TD> </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></BODY></HTML> ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C9C8B3.95D623B0 Content-Type: image/gif Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/contact.gif R0lGODdhDgAKAKIAAP////r7v+rrl8TFDKOkAH1+AElKAAAAACwAAAAADgAKAAADLWi63AQwynEM KCLrXEgFAraFgmdxm2iCpdhla8mpZRUQo0aYw+7/u8phSCwSEwA7 ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C9C8B3.95D623B0 Content-Type: image/gif Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/MediaObjects/11060_2009_9864_Fig1_HTML.gif R0lGODlhYAJqAfcAAAEBAQwMDBQUFBoaGiIiIisrKzQ0NDs7OzcANAAAdQEBfAgJfAsLaikUaXUA AHwAAHgMC2wECmghK30BfXcDd20IcU0Kb0JCQkxMTFRUVFxcXGZmZmpqamlmaXR0dHt7e312dmp2 aWJRawQEggsLhQgBhRwcjRQUiRUVjCsrlSUlkzs7nTQ0mSopkSojkmYUnUhIo1dXq1VYsGxrtWRk snd4u25rsFlSpHp6wn6FmIIEBIULC4UIDooUFI0bG4UTE48QG5USLpIkJJUrK5coKZ07O5ozM44q KqE4NqA9QKMlSKQdYaJDQ6VLS6tXWK1YU7NnZ717e7p0dKxtbphUWatXTYUHhY0bjYkUiZcDl5Ua lJIkkpUrlZoqmZkzmZ07nZY2l5Erjq0Era4yrqAqnZ8K0JlGmaVLpaNFo61bralUqbVPsrZstrNl sr58vrl0uatqq5NeoMwQmNAK0P4B/v4L/vUB9f4T/v4c/vUX9esM7P4k/v4s/vgl8/4z/v07/Okt 69cX09Jw0v5E/v5M/vVG9v5T/v5b/vNX8u1Q6v5o/f5z/v57/vZ99upx6d1azsllkreDboWFhYmJ iYWLiZWVlZycnJSalY+QjqKioqurq6SoobW1tb6+vri4tbmtuaSMo4iIxJeXy5KTyqys1qSl0rS0 2ru73be50KqLz73GvbzE1cSIiM6cnMqUlMyblsqlldSoqN68vNmzs8qpqeO5ucWMxcKEwsuYy9CX 0Nas1tKl0tu328uwyv6E/v6L/vWB9f6T/v6b/vOU8+eN5/6j/v6s/vOn8/60/v68/vGw8eez6Ne6 5MrAveHCv8PDw8vLy8jKyNPT093d3dvV0dPJ0MfH49TU6tzc7dTT6dPW6OPIyOrT0+3b2+jc1ujH 1+XL5ePE4u3c7ejU6P7D/v7M/v7T/v7b/vTX9PXU6eXl5ezs7Orj6uPj8evr9efm8vLk5PXs7PPr 5vHk8fXs9f7j/v7s/vDu+PT09PPz+fr09Pz0/P7+/vb8++348OPi5yH5BAAAAAAALAAAAABgAmoB AAj+APkJHEiwoEGB+voh7KfvoMOHECNKnEixosWLGDNq3Mixo8ePIEOKHEmypMmTKFOqXMmypcuX MGPKnEmzps2bBDll+IAPX4cMGTjhHEq0qNGjSJMqXVqUUwAOAjRIE/DhQyemWLNq3cq1q9evHDtJ 4geU04Fp+AgmBMu2rdu3cOPKpShtQABplgDYFTq3r9+/gAMLXrmO3zoMF/hN43fggMB1lSZpuEC5 suXLmDNr3sy5s+fPoEOLHk26tOnTqFOrXs26tevXsGPLnq35wNWM+AhwwGcAgwcN6wpoEIivk1MP liopT668uXPmlaA7jz59OnTpz6tn385dO3bv2pv+M/8uPvxy8+XNj1ePnrz19ufDu48Pnz11+fXp d6++Hr/9/ODdF6B/8813X4EA+qegewZep+CADOYX4X8T8ldJJgZMslEmdhmgTicEBHCAOmoNAM1g KKao4oos1qQQBxpupE9aCNFIED4m8qNPQ/woxONAPDakkEII6SiQjwX1MySRPDJ5pJFqFTnkQlBO +WOVPSq5ZJM9Qqmjkl2CSSSWSAL5pJZbnullQlOKaWaYXpKpZZZclvllm1MWCeeVdc6pZJ1ruumm nlZGmWWUa7n5I5th5klmnH2KyZCaiwrqKKB8njmnjkHCuRCeXRLaZaaNSoqpmWsdWiSXVx4KJpb+ WLba6aWxJrmkqLUaKmSoRrJa0FodxCjSmD3m2OKxyCar7LISbSCsSfrkSKxXY5LqKK/Ethqqk3a+ KSqxY2ZrEJHcxqnntwSFa2i6TxrZ7bmPDqSut/K2u6u21oZ6Jbn1sqvvqAblC26/8LZbLr6GXjuv pv0eHHDCvGK7LsHMcqSQsylFe2LFHHfs8cdudTAWSv3kqC1T61iSycost+zyyzDHLPPMNNds8804 56zzzjz37PPPQAct9NBAb2LJbSBX9OLIJ0UbTVcNabJBJ5pUbfXVWGet9dZcd+3112CHLfbYZJdt 9tlfb4L22my37fbbXVuigY1JUyRySvkY25X+JpaYW/ffgBe1Dk+BT8QB09DqzRXf7qbq7pe9+ii5 kPjMmhCrDQXJUEI9UXn55grt83jmZbKJZKKZRw5k6ftYmc9al0Meez+ip077l5cziqSfO/LTeqq7 Ivn7ocFjTuTr/VS+O+TLk87Q6a4+nzmjkf++vJ+jy467kJNy/6fkpfuevPJ7Xi9l7ABPqqTyle95 fvfNP66OB3QX7tAGiJekMdT7MH6y/QAMoErW4YHCCPAgGCOZ4rIiOqNFDCOdmIQ0FIOJq/yJH/iw BIn0ITp2qaMSfOFEJTY4KXVYIoNXgd2TmpQqNGFQGvXTSMoy0RARkghy07CE8wySw8hoQkj+jGqd uypxoh0x6V0cEWFkKiG5VW1OXjzSxDMgd5BOjJAf0MDEiS4ImX5wYhML6WDqENIp2EHDgB3JxyaU M4kT7SNIpPsRkjK4GA4e5IOVwIQGybg6HlXiaZyqFrEIGMMD8iOBTRvA06a1FIU4MEmtE507SpEP 3/Wog0TaAAA+wI8PAGA4BFEHADTxQCNxAgACwMc6BgAAvgxEEwBQBwYqUUqKTAMAGzNIB42xCEb4 8hcdtKRAbhkAtLByigIRXV5u6JBNAOACGNhkRPRxgExwBBy82Icu9LELeiSzXgUIAGIw8D+IEKAD ETkAAGipSU6O6RmxBAEoZRgApBHvUNz+YIUr4JGlCw4zAAXAgAGseRFRkpKRCjnlATAgAAMUkiAH 6BsjDUJANBrSSIhMXBG78kiH5GMFCYhBJR2igQBsgB8eCMBwMpGBDUhDlJzQhwcywMR6nbIA0YBG OGP6gZ0UJ5aT4EQ/NKGBSdDPEzaIhFT4YYkMdGCCkfHAbjy5gYcK5BB0yCod9hBMgkgDoJ6QhgEA 8LSecnITAVBlT3VoJlgWJgMGUAwHMkBKSRh1qVbhRyaK+gECYmIDHGCmQ8axBTZ8AQ1f6CpBCOCB nOxEH+r4gGQ28YEOLKYTGtAAKXXDD0081iAHoMo+NCDNSWQgsNKIpSYuwY9nZMAGHtD+BDQkq4Gr SGOufcuEJD6gAXWc8gKLeYgsdOAABwihGw5RRwDAqJD5ZaBvk5CEVDnhrNZV4rTTgKlMnxslp5Ao E7FUxwboyg9O7BavV2nqJJ66CaMGdiCEvGhBMlqSvOVSK46UqD5OQQpSmKK/pFiBAhagABj8t7// PYXoMkCADEBjAw2ehgE+QIACwDQDBZCEABr7I00IIAOTwEQG6mmJAtgAABuA5zQGIAlRYiBE65DE JwkwogN4gABxzQAAOBCA2G7yR/UwhpCFjIw/aJUOeBjykMvBj69eoBKb0HE0UDFhAEjCrQcwgIbd +UoAEIAAVuZHAWzcygsAwAMFGID+ci2R2gwMQM0BGEBKMVAQXujiznf+BhsmYAUr4MLOgNYFLwQy 1nBWohM9JoBLAZABM2cgKvq4wHgBsA4CWCXRw7mSAQqwgWhogCrRmLAAMJBadTR6GiIi7QdgqYED BGAdP9FkJzywYxp3AgAdKIxCuhGLWfja10ZwgA6I+wRZ9NrXseAGP5QrABx7AwMF8ORezxwAAWjS EtCwdAEsPEoMfyAAGhrTKSuM60pjwJMiRDGO+REAEH7SzJ3QJI9P2pCKyvdJ9CVJyQC5FdExjh/u gEEKUsACgqtAAQoYAcIHPnAWqECk/EDMbzyAAXJOYhIXUDMAMCGiDYy5XpoIAG/+OfBtT/gjEpQY QAaiEUsCTMISAegsAPyh4X5oWB8X3zQ/KLNzDOCDrMIkBx+GPnQ/3OHIdSA6H/ywB0UoxsqZnUQA oqEOEEjdA2h9RsdpDPJWSuMDBYDlBT7tgbHLXB0CsISGmfrqdqN0AFCaBxq4QHcvgMELZHjBBLDw Bbr7nQtqaAgBMBCNTszvkwYwwK1fGssNxFUTlQXANCxN1QI4tCDCmSvY6SfZAlwgtevIAAacuSPG npIft56GWNDNgQLwQxIaFwqRWuEDIxBhCLgftu57YATc414Ir1g2AGzgjGjc8gAbsHaje84PxvJj EpU4AJwrkWqVC1Pmsu2AAZz+iYHke4D6z495u1vdZABg1jGI6VJ87y2QfI9kfxNdCuMUO5BRIHwB pHhIxTMRgExcgK4A8AwbMH0DoAHP8AGVgA/QEEUBwAmWpwoAoAohMABihQHQEEsDMAmwpA8yhg81 B3ZSBw0YFnGJAU0/Z08HgVVaxQf093SacAEHcErUgGErtmp38UkHOEITFDWUhnoAwH8f8Awc0AkG MBzOhHbJAQAoFQCi1DcdQAAQsSNtgAVUuAsP4XwN8W1W1EYAIA2l1mqpZQnLZGlSZ0WSoA/SgEYF ACMC4IAfoGHSAIOgJ3oyKA89Bks+WBdD2Eo31kkaR0oOoRCs4AAP8AAOEAv+B9EPdrgJ9fYUz+AB nJB+C8UPA/ABnmB+A6hclTAAHBANWKcOi5FQsaRXAOBMktAJHcAJUvd6AsBuldABcHdr57dziVFv 9MN+7fcsJbFvXeFvfRNM4DIKJJB/mFQviHGB0PB/twZXA3BLIgRQA+AJt3ZDsKQOXyZKVrRjAbBy GMhJBjAA4TQ4MUdhsMRgUMhzkwgABWBRBqEIdHAHR+cHiiU6qdUJApVa0pBSJdUBzoQPkyAAafYM HeB6CgFLX7aNKAWQBSBhGUCKaIcJYlZhAiBKtASLEbELXsALarALXDAPDqFoRqIOBkAAA1AJ+HhL 6tBqaHcAZiYNjLUOm1b+kvxQigOhG7A0eR8AXgN4AHPoGCOmTqumhIt3AIo2Sk/YSRM5AAKwg7ai I1DQA0LgCp4yEKIERmmhYd8oDRjgGDxXiReoAWkGU9SXldBkSl4GZuj0aQVAANMgCePYiuCmDmmm Tp0AV7RoJPEVfwCEPxljMlvREA6kl/vwDi04EF6oD1PkhU1meNCAD9FQGNPgCYuxDmfxGNGAhtOg D4/JDzk1DTD0DPoADeqAD5rACTyGD+pwIurwNNLAmP3gmU02QdJwmRBRD+dwm+dQDw6hmagpDYiZ Fp0ADZ65DrTZmpc1T8TZCcFJI61JIsJpGNHQD1RHmtQlAKFJIqkZEfT+0BDeRA+F+Zzw1QkThA/P gA/9AJqw+SHT0JjSsBgfAg0XA4hNNppP85zQ8AypSZ764Jn90AmZsAkCAAKoh0GXWRzrCYoTlJ2q x44HAQ/xEIWbaZiGF5tNRg38UA2LIQ34CZ+b2ZzlxTTr8AzKKQ1E4qHZmZ1Utw5VUwnmpw6yOUGP cYu46H7DskBa4UDldBLTQFAZIQ1EOQB9wxXKuRGiEw0/ak166SI3koAagQ/mOCJywQkwKhHxJ1Yk iU4OYW8zqosk4TRf0VEPkaTTBEkFkySr4i/LZiNc8kZoOhLXciRipCavQi9H4iQBM5ou4Ti4oiZj en1xMi3rwKD8Qqf+KMEl7VIvjgIm/7MoB9Eq61A/V7J+8tUQNBoS++MVgYmLmjoRYmo/knpvlQoS JbNRWhE1fZOjSNGpu3kTnaqqhxoSrkqkGjFRC5MUrhqriPoQn2pIF8Ol76dIXxqkmzqsxHoQWsp+ ofoR9gU1/IAKGLBbVRGt0jqt1Fqt1nqt2Jqt2rqt3Nqt3vqt4Bqu4jqu5Fqu5nqu6FquUoWq9pOs HuGlXwGK0zCv8yqv9Gqv9Uqv+aqv+Jpd+uqv/Pqv+/qv/TqwAUuwB3uvCJuwBquwDAuwDiuwEPuw DVux9OoN2PCw/bqxCxuxDcuxAluwE+uxJDuxIEuyJ6uxHWuxFiv+si4rsVYFQA0BI315X8V6szib s1nBlwr0NOyKFfGHRPVSTkL7qmXqN0jbKgiFtCt0EUULMH36K406tYlYtUTLtFBrtWH6MFwrtV1r tFk7LlgbiFj7tISatFRLMex3ODWrs277tnBrEy/iqyJxqXF7t3ibtybBsycxqrWkt4AbuIL7EDRb qMBamIObuIp7t5SaP/oGrIsbuZKbt2xruFs0uZibuTdbuX2bI4iruaAbun/Tq33Jb6J7uqgLOJyr UWObuq77uilCuj0Lu7Rbu8fCt6xru7q7u/oQBU0ABcj1FpRKtxXRO2XKi7ubvLTrBIToAETwoHBR uIlkuspbvaH+2w0+8ADD9gCIiKtJgbsYIQ0gJBDii4LwZ73oq7nd0AO6x71/yxXgaxHQAJBWNg3N 1oDbYqPpu7+D2xDMW1w6YATb4BYKESwbQVRkcQGSAIUH0JBAArlVSxHeK7Y0McFu2hGxmsFKg8FK WsEcLMEbDMIWQxTwIARN8LvcEAU7AAW7ArZkGxETTC4DU7XuChE+ehcakGNxNRA4Qqr8+8OBqw9G AAUFwQ1IIASyMKddcTcboaIZlsMR5xjLtlsmlVTcOgXp6q1YnMXgusVc/MXU6sVZLMZgbK1kXMbY esZoPMZgrMZrXBVunK42EK2UIAEQEAnS6gGT8AF2fARTkAP+b6zFGkAFHkAJHhDHklAAEJkR+oAB 1rSVlUAA+lCER+Kibbianimy89qe06ANmSyxnumvnEyv7YmgmlzKnsnJniyxqEzKovyvqPxSoBzL qjzLExvLsCzKp/zK+hrLmhzKnfzJoBzKpjzMtSzLrMzLrlzMyYygtdzMvazMm6zLtuzM87rKAtvK 04yguczM2SzNxCzMyRzMyFzN4vzN5LzL3BzN3tzNqXzN5rzMwCzPF0sN3uAN2TUFPiAN2Kyv67AN TRABU6AOvzzMpKzO87zN99oJ7OsAEOAJGTvMoUe8EtEBeiEAhkcAAjAAyIQQiqTEEAHSKyHSLkHS jWTBMIz+0haj0h9h0krh0hsB0yYh0zLyJLPQA9sgprHgA1TATzUxBcKmAxBAxEHLD6sbvhO6bJ0Q XDwMrLcawxhcqyIc01LNqR/stElqwTRNwVSttla90l5NpVdtETCt1VAN1i4Mw2mrENuwA63QTxEs D0+wA6zA1W3KyP7SD0mgvTrwAExwqK1SwxyBI9QLxIbttvogBFKwwbNQewP8s1fdD63ABD0Q1A5Q 1w8xsxQ9EXLUqPp72KBNrEXQBE7bI1CwA1IA2R7BDVIgBEMQBd3wlD1AxM3iuL+6SKGd25uqEFAg BKptENswBEhMRW46C0ngA0UwC2MCDz4tEUf9uG6k29L+zX6u8APByxGssMIPytIGAQ9SMAQ+IAXK RjCoOrcpgbzTnd4BpBDDNQutG9ICwQ1F4AOIGNPyIgtO0ANM0ApVTRHx+6s+rN4C/jfrK5Ui0Qo9 0ATIhdLxwArgDQUDnNYVIb25O+AWnjT6QARELaoCIQ9OsAMG3qoD4QxOUHuu8Ntj+t81WtgX3uLL 0gRFgBKNXQQDPKgEEw+uUAQ94AQRriof8dwA/r4uPuQowgo+AL1NAwU6wApKOybcAAU+MAT7FNb2 TeG76LlEnuUqohCxsAM9PtMCsQ1CQAQ5HQusEOH60ApJsOPurRIqbqkQrOVyLhjboAPdqxJDEgVQ WYj+OhAFRk4EUiAPLSHYMuKXc37ofREPQhAFQn7BrhDUxJXcnU0yh7TZHoHeiJ7pcDHaMMHluqcD O6Bs3G0Rmt22mn7qYKEQTkAEKB4S8FDZhmgEjV4Sby6qcY7quK4VrtAD1x0Ts0AE+t3rLgHkdXvr uX7sSTELOyALcivoMWHelovs0n4Uu/YDUjnqbVHrLX24097tOKEPQ0DbzGLlXSot3n7uNAHjFdO4 5/3Z6P7uKdHaSD7utr3i8H7vLNEKOjDezALt04vvAH8Sbe3e2A4X2v6uhh7wCu8Rr17XrR4YhK4R y7rwFM8RQvwEHyO7ncviFd/x8O0Esv4xpR7tHl/+8mrNCj3Q3B9z8B3hpQVv8tM+CzrA7HVD7LCK 5TCf8/3QDfDADT1w7SDj7zNt7Dnf8frQBDrAvov98n3B8haf8EVP8QohBYRIXJj9N+Qe5FHf8UTC vMPmAH9dN+w+u1uv8D8iD0bO1w6w9Fhf73Bus2WP7k4O5Uag5oVoBCqfNFlf7E/zuXF/6sQyC03Q A0/Q5vEwC7Lw8Czi9DFN9H8v7ThOBEIAvIbUEEz874r/+C3eDVLgA0Rw4nUqL0wPGDb/1XyUJI6v +XM+JrLwBPrd5vdWwJbeET2s+oAvEPHQCkYw29c9+i3C+AcxCWvYExewaQfl0bht+1q+3J1PBKz+ gOS+fyylHxEsuokuNQBVM6U64u7KL+CsX+JMoNzJFP0tovEY8YpkYQCaYABS+ivc3/25vSn9EAvz 7QT8Tv7IUsBuTxHVrwngCAAAYYnfQH74BkTTp48gwX4LGxJUuJBfRH4PKzK0yFDjwH4ZJ0qkCPGi RJIDQ5ocWRIkSYoWXXpM+ZLkw4YnP8JUaVMhzpI6Zzpc6JMnTZUoV/IEutFo0JQSiRYVWpRo1KJM j1a1mrXhPocP8cVita0jPFZGjkSBxxHpx6tYl4pcm1UkR6Udf9JVe7cmy6Y/N0xyW7UDAIHr1PHD cGDgOkkeAmyw8cHDBxAfLFuufJmyZs6cM2f+7qz5c2jSpTlPlqwZtenLqFenZo1ZNuvRpkHHtuxa Ne7cvVuXfi3aM+/Jt3/vJg67s3HjwDd3Dh7cdPDmrHUfx33dN+nb1Y88cPCASZEdESR8oGSjsvHX 0klrVx4bvvvQtW3PLl19+nZJBQAHLkkSAD54RhoNDOhkgA4q2kcddQTwRB5vHKSwQgsvxDBDDTfk sEMPPwQxRBFHJLFEE09EMUUVV2SxRQ//+cefVhzQoUYHntjGH8O8mdBFH38EMkN9NPgPQIk2IMCA ATRQ54Il8QlqAGgAjMtIK526Mkstt+SySy+/VApMMaUas0wzz3SroVlorPGBtOZCM0455Wz+qANJ xOTJoGj6mrNPP/8ENFBBByW0UC1xsksfKGgErwibDIV00IY4KNJLnvQ5KFJNN+W0U08/BbXLh2Lx oQhXhvChiW5CZfXMDe6cE9M9q2y1VltvxTVXTx/qpokeXDEJHlp1JbbOStHsJ1Nil2W2WWef3TLR KHpwQp63oMX21T4xnfJRbL8FN1xxDX1oFiGIkOWuca3kKlIOYKVTynXnpbdee7/stQdWhr03VG1j VbZfgQcmONyH9GGF2jf5FbicYIQR5hdh6hlUIUq3lbdgjTfmGNdaiEAXr45J4uoXOk4+mZxC/+oz 2W5Hhjlmmed8CB4ndmDF25n5CQZlOur+MEdSflgGeM+dj0Y6aSoHSrgJbipiWGNhfKbjkGKClqjd OImWM5+MlQY7bLC3GUKIWUQOmxGqBxlkDzwGWcQYc7Q+syGiT4oaqq/F5rtvjuWBYgcpdE5aEZTr +DnoepLxxRA+9vCDEEaModhVeOPk1m/NN++3lR6YeDrvgrkyhw8+kimHHNXJoXugxRvnAw8/DPGF cjGJlmaDAQIQ4ABN8Nybc+GHX/ahbYroIRbOfaljES3rMYYRQ/zYYw9DfjHmHIIGoQMPPOowxC2W 8TEAgAMwuEAAADwBU1Y+iYc/fkhdGiiewKHYye96BrkjmS/3MUf02saH2QVjDz4bRFX+FMIyaABA GgsxgAbYwqXMEU5+F8SgnPQhize1olRPe9+83pGPLRUDfK0TkzmKsQhCIA5lCcQKAx0IQQmKbiFe m1IGdbjDOcnCBzrYASSe0INWbEwUI6BBluphiDoYYyAo3BIU/XAyxMFQJXYDjD7KZ4ADHEB9nQBT sozGQzKW0Uv6GEJ4HhCBJ8TDiCQYgQKSaCRj4IEQ2usTV6b4QvH9Rx0cKIAABoABTogpczY0YyJ3 CA9G6cAByrPguLBhAgUsYAEJKEVg9qGIOghDUL44hCIUcYhf9HEg6ujAAAAQgAuwL4wBU2QsZdkT IzxgB+BxRgjX1ZB+wCABcYSBO9z+Ug7ZYa1W2iKf+dCnvkJ+qYKzhCY09VEEHTxAB6zYWD9ooIIY jIAEK4AiQfaxiDr4IlcyfCBBDlBDSwUvmu8k4zRVNQsQDowr71iBCrDBD1LgMwb8gGLp+KCycwKm gekcSAQnuCX3wdOhPJwmEywSSXGdAgUx4Eq72kGCUZTkF3VQRDhBtcAslq8ABzDAF3UJoMw91KXx e4gRisBLRBKrXaEYQUfFyZVTkMAaC9kfHpDBLKJNYwMGKEABMPC7V77spU8VnhOI4MaCNSQfMTjB T1vXkFCYQJj8MKEh7FG8oRVpHZ7YhCYQ6kxYQtWtfHuCEKhKMK5gQwUseMf7GgL+AxjYg4nFeNZf GmKJAADAsADIAEXdgsO3NlZscYVSVflRChLUoCRa64g7XqCHO0KLZepgZSY0oYkPAOBYDJVXTR27 WnA1BAo9sNbGajCCTAZGEXd4gSkAGtg7RQMAJPxIBjKw0sC0lLXH5VhDpNCDVWnMHSswQTZ2u5B9 IMMY170uAc8xChS0w7OAkUYAPCANaUxDEwH4wEIP1Vbktvdeyu1BPQXGFWugAAb34JM5XIgyRlwk Bin47kA8cFjDFuAwbB2jexVMr4ZM62mKxVZDRkGCUEyXJOe4g89KKc4UzMDCuSIpQZ4xCctoIrJs zeGCVSyuhrhCB9vQ2D5iQAL+3VZFvz4D7EKwcQJROItrdFEH+j5wYApmSqQrRrKuWrGDdKlWV9hg AV4/LBFycM9nnqRbKU4gXScDCosQ0QeUpiGADliiEu1McZLVXCx+LDld9uyHKZC4FmP8AQ+GyDDK glGSGbQAuMT6sUMUcmLUTqnLa0Y0zdqsgyYPah+PfvSfuEqCHqtkH8JwGyPGSo5kdDoZlSPJCv65 LKLhoxIZOMAFxgu8KR050a8mFz9koYMiHtpImDad6UDdNRiY4KclsccvqveLXQfmHSfoqK379K8M rFIA6hPAWrlkkDTD2tqaaogsdlDEQvmCasUuE1eyYYJgluQci5CdMFxdlFP+jMAa6+4Uy6QBABOv Ax/qIMAGiNsSnWQKwtcGuJmyvW1Imcxn4MYTP0RRWbSZ47Z/GCqXuNLVr+KKZc8AwDrogoHh/rsn 7gx4yP+0DR0AS9lWMtl++WCIiZ1pBiQgBUC1Rg5C3MEQBLUUP24AA1yFeB0EILMHPHAAeqtXIqrY wCYGwomkgwTkIoc6mrjRgyjMjx8GR5kwFuEH2SmiGAg3ElfakQIVeFdrxqi5IowpJneowLLwjhTR OpHSVRIgvVjhBAAwEABJVAMAFwhAJkZyyKgXXuo/kAJx+3RbQxCi8ZWrRzEOwXU/LAIZxT6yNX5q 0RhkpBhcXwQey9QQayz+QLcnH9OXB1KJlA5gA0QuCggUg+oPFIAfF8CAQw6CesOLvCHdoPqm6lgO rJzDGIqAHNzKYcGeLmAGJtBpP/bxi8f9YqxzKoUJvGurDvyn2QIggCqjjZV+6KMZAbDBgfiRAQOY 5N4D6IQ+1jF/+tff/vfHf/71v3/+99///wfAABTAASTAAjTAA0TABFTABRTAfICHH3CCfmBAAvSH crCDYfAHdpgHdrA/DlwHfwBBf1AGRygEPdCDQvAF/+kHEJy/eDAFEqikBLAsf7AHRsiDPCCGD5zA /NOH/5K/HVzAwyASfpg3E1MHw8i3lbIExFq/9kO1U/KADQiADOCAKuz+AA64wizsAC3EwivEwioE Qy78QjD8wi0swzPMwjLUQjNkQy/0wi5swy60QjWMQzMcQzjkQjt0QzTkwy3Mwz0kQzF8wzlkwz5E wzX8wzm0Qj+UQz1sREEkQzVUxDDEw0ecREIEREr0w0S8Q0y8RDrkxEGUxE6UxDQ0xUNMww3wAA1w gCOAQ08kxTw0RFNExDkUATtYAzzcxEXcxBDwxQ64gTH4Az64AzFYAhHYAF/cgjJgxjIgAxHIgjvw AzNIxl2Mw1hsxFksw2Q0gQYIgT3UQzekRTkcw1M0x1e8xitUxQE4M9/SuI/gOKMjCE0YECiZhAGY hgJYEIh4ut7zRyP+wQcjcAJO+QNFoKCIsAdy8AU/8IM/OAS085k6sCP/KRRsQIHaYhU74Yd1GAAB QA2iU7qqaLZAwgB8OIAAKIBpWAg9uYmWTAi6eEle4oiIiMmRKD+TiIi90EmXvIibvIia3Mn8mYj8 IQqfrAmi5MmDQcqfZMqgzMmh7MmZxMmorAiafMr8wcqmrEqYRMqsVMqovMql9EmglEqoDEuqHEux tEq2OEq0XEuZ3Eqz5Eq3nEq4TEuY1Eqv/Ih4GIImQAmhJMu4fMm8JExeokl+IIQ/gAuthMqeVIiT uId7iJ4/sAOf2QPi04jHHDy1nMrCnIiD+QhS8Kmf1EvN/Eq7TEr+lzxLmQwxfuiEAjgs9HILw5iG aTgMfJgGQuMHxvK4f4y6jJApTlmEPbi+cGsIGSgDOqhMOiAE6bO6GlCBP/uUdyEIfCAvadC43iwJ lvTN7gyMfmACJNBOMwkGoEEWfvivQqgDF7IiTVmBGwAV1WMotzAu77TPhdgGsWgCR9mUZKADJzoT rtime1jIPxiEyuuUY0u2T2GZddAETuCE0YpQaYsW9rpP34wHJgCiHkgCuDQUDPOkOJmBE9gnrYE7 P2mInjoFUGEZ3yIww9K38eTHBLvQ7pQCNnGAxOM9I7GHPTDIOKmBE7gGXAmFE8grTmlNepQETkir TKi2QqtR72z+iCewJkfyS035g/AB0i3TFRhYAQaFFwJ4hroxsij1TfDE0cSLlEPYgxM1kknjslzZ hxZ4O07hGmmAEumTUaczNDMtPOMxAiKoJR1ggtgylF+4A7DrEq4QBQVYUTfVFGuAuXg7LYHrRz+9 Nn2QAh4YHH2YhVnY0y8xIcw8E8pa0WYRBRJVPA0qq5axUEx9tYdwBiEYAhjrlHKggxANt8kagRpz FhpgATs1KzyNSwSDVZGTh5vBJpuMlHrAA3OCVPKbrAWIuWjtlH5ggX8KVS75MoWgR4HYVn50qmNF tFHh0ObyFD44hADlB0ntsR0FlGswARqAgV9bmSJRhwIwAAj+VSswYSxyhbVuYILkQRtNMYT2LJOe qjRsmbgEUICsMhSWUYglJLAYPaNLBVgFY4UdcIK58hR0U9QucddVvRVrGIGTfdh9EhSLKRJpsARN 6AQmpdEK3RNrzViX2gYj8IGzCRVhMM9dNdkKs1lQeQcWUABgqjhB+ReCUIdOUAfp7JL6vFkF01TB 8dBOSYY6oMjU4weLrFNxwSeHTSJ4LQrqJAgOMCxLOADY49bUmloFMxcjsNVQ0a9SGlqV8Np6wYYa sAYT+FpJ44eLGYhOAADdec30Ui0xelv3igcn0Jer7ZR94IMfNZNJsiyyhRT6IoFMwtwjuROFwIQA yIeU3ID+3FOthlpc1vIcVSnYTmEbNHkHE/inu70VEjIFRx2Ui+EKeqyEArCEAvAAktWbWUndxuqG JACCWIBcT0E+2i0Jd0iBURMYCSMB6fqTBYIXfLiAVQIAAvCG9nnV4o2mh2AFHYCCtOhcLkFU0RsT d2gB6bUnfqgBEzjSPzHbgcAHDiAAJjGk8BXfWDIeIhACWbCLWjEGOtjaMcmHFOA54Q0XL13e0Qvc SkFbw8KAd0Sz/30nfRCWinitwXFgQimHOsgxM1kBFnBeZ9mHbJ0yNNGWhsg7QhqMz73YmdVgM/Ig amkFIZDbECYUZ3WeM4EBFoDajYndy122LOKHSsi4gSj+AHaKWre94TLKtmqy4mWtFa2ZHTSBgRQo Yo65Bh5r4YS70wL4nWgQgDPTzSzJnBSeYqRpCFZgkwfwAfTFFccZE63p4i/eGJ4yPR8urgmeR8Mq LAAQgAAYgDW2Eql9Yx5qhRpxJCIIVzTZh2KAmOPDg5DdEhqgX0DeJYUjgSF1Y5LQFoXgBAPIANxD nwtIrC6htkZOJG5wJFviWVapB6oxJzF5h1Poh+fbvqPZh37oqvo9k/uNE5fxZFgGG30wgieYBVaQ r1C5ZZ/J5UXdTRhQgChTWbD5r1HWCME1ia3oiAIusj5VZh1qgg7NlWlGmWrOEq3JB2wegQSYo7DZ hxX+aGDL6YnUkxdvPueOcQK5gppbYeeT2bA3lYh7sIYZ+KWTHQFiVprY9bBiLhJ8UOQa/ucMmpY3 yRVyoJqDrorW2YdsGIUuVgEYoIEFUAAFWFiwaYgdE1pDGhpY0QSg44RO+IAOOLPTlZdJzmjJeuTQ yZVyuINF4LROY1+SkQiSpoEUsK8aMAXgwqmW5pt2izlbo84HEYCUKmQOkEcrUdyfhp9ZYLJkFhRk oAN3LgmYwAZS2CYVWAEaOIWkJQiI7hvK0qrbMSgAAKOkIi8MjuInFWu+UQhnoDWzDhS0htbLkoh3 MAUayKcUoAFS2GaO8Ge6kl8TqGwvkaEpQeWvzpL+sB7szQG+qkvfL1HshRihD7sHUqgB6JJsUdjs YOahpubjRW7Vg+IHhZpk1B3tvokHIYACYvFPLBuIUhiBUXOHU8AB2I4B2W6Xh7jsneErveaHBjof 3mG/M0Ox39acIhhIXGkItC7hyVppBYCB/yI3UbAG6aTtWboHFRhbbuUHjQyvAEDkQwYArw5VZD5t 72aWJjACYjEGEl4Id6Ckk02AGGhv6nKolz6BCuPsSmWp9fNqfBuAARCIdmFkAN+ZfoACITDUW0Fr XSUIhp7nFfgz53wqkyUFcs4SlpmG88GAGk+Mnd7nuStcfjhl8jqwhmBJfdiLpXDOkEDKIZ+gImf+ CplE8pbgCiOPyienC9acCyVfTConcim/cqbM8oU68glyci+PyiZnCC1HCZnUciYH8zMHSzixcjbH 8iQ385YEzSeaqDFf87KkiCNXCFb4gVXZiTency5ni5xkciRny0PHC60h75vgClMgt2wWJiHHC6Lg CkH/8j0vczFXc023bE5vcyKH8b80ijoXzC2foPce8gK+SdH8qcP8CEPvyb2Qt1XCb/wGgODVGfPa X36YhAL4AKZiCIz1cI6JhR+IZj+BMHJGhjsYqujmB4vqMWtI2lEfaCpmbFHQbEC+mDAriMjydrdQ qE04H9PC307ohDSOBk9A93Z393eH93iX93n+p/d6t/d4RwV2v/d95/d+9/d/B/h7z/eAJ/iCN3h7 jwZNcIApgAZ9P3h0H/h5R4V2j3h5n4WJV4VhsAM2UAV3j4ZRSIAbkAZPiIZOcPiLh3eUf/iVP/hP aINoYINeuAVQaAZPmPhOoIWbZ3l+l4YGUAFo6AV9j/iKh3dowID/wAdL0LgPwABXEncJss31U4yN tIRJEC9LwIRJqIStr4RJ0Pqt13pMwIRKEPuxL/ux/3qwT/uwN3uxJ/uy73qu7/q1f/u3b3u3v/u6 x/utH/u4x/u/d/u0n3uuZ3u7t3u0l3uvJ3y9B3zEJ3y6B/zDj/vHX/zIP3uyN/y/x/zMh3v+wVd8 sGf8u3d8ta/8vL98y2/8ySd90Pf8tbcEKoiAKah6zBd9zg/8xA972t97uOf9zOf8S0ADOxCES2h7 SxCBEaAErKd93Wd+twd71L99ygd96B/9wZ9+0+983Cf8sTeDCvD+KwCFS+D7syd/rf/60xd99F9+ 1h9/TMgEFmAAs19+03/7SbAEA/gPDcg4TDgswSaJAgCIDPwyDJgk4AO/hPz0DYDGb5/CiBInUqxo 8SLGjBo3cuzo8SPIkCJHkiy5EZ4PVv1Msrxo7I6xlRFDlbDW8ibOjWomWGHDLN28nCLxraABssMk ftMAIDSQYV0AD/xkWkTKTx2HAwgj9hv+EO3h1In6FFKNODZh2bIJz4YVS5YiW7Vr37qd27buXbN0 JcaFu1cvWq545S78q7DvYL8XEfM1bDfvYceFAyeuHLjfWH1CnFB+TJgxXsCNMQqrkywixBonbEIU 7bqwWtCRO4v+7HilTNwK9+lWOE9Xmy9YJkz48oUL8i1c0Khp4waXrnDhxs0jnJCZl3Btdm3JJhGi 2rQK36HA8bBf69iRNySNBmCaugCW+DmdLJLhV7ZC9/Pv7/8/gAEKVQQTAooEUWmnvRUDCtgY+GBG 49iCxhZXtLEFFliEgcY89IgDTji65OIGG2qgAQYXynlh3BlpsHELLryMIw49aWS4RBv+vI1kzQKi cLQSB5LwIw0AzzwDgEMDSKUfRmOF1xCEUUo5JZVVQriSE0YwaeVECJr2XQwqtAMZlzi1thYvbHiB BRq3hMPPPGqA4wY4begClkX6fCiiLW+0ocZxKV7RBRYUpFESRKaQYI073p1pEXv84FNAAAIMMBAA nZiEX5mdevopqGVK4YM8oU6UIJ795LNCCu7gaepIj/IzDi5nKKfGLkGhdpM+HdrywhJXgENmRyuN YoIKi75aUaT8dFLAAJzwoxVLDDm0JazZarstt4K5skM33ApDh4Jh5cMCDPkQ261FZekTzhtfXOGF G+FgW9JYso6Dha1fWPFmSdicoID+Aqstxg8HSfWXD5TsOvwwxFWu1MoOzqzLJUS+kLsbP++YAIOO Ebcb0Ty5pHHFFWngIk6U4OCyzy70tGHFsCKtREMCIyyQAAwZbSCkffpM4wHQJHX1lchJK700SyvJ wkMrF5fJCB3kvIWNCUYxvQs44oTzW0L7hHNLil+wwYt+shoI0S1YDHuvRteoQLDBGAUZ0TqWXBAA ABvYF5K1UjM9OOGFc9ODK4JbSbXVEVlDgtZM23LFGWd4oQYvaqR4Bi7j7DqlrG0DLNI1JpDQy8VA JqVPJxrwXakl6ph0dOG12174SvL0IAW3i9xhDsennBDKskrjQpwVV3Bhp35wV2n+ywS8kIRNNv1Y F9HP/EADQFT8VBKAuptC6fzt5Zsfqj5EcJYtRIzccQ7HpigwSu374GLFBG/o6nAuVtypdk4Spj3u HSATHhAAPprWsPMxsIGmKkIRuOU++EVEFCMoheK6pYstUCBDXKjZw3bhP/+MJXv9aB3fACAATSQQ X15xIAxjKCWqQEEI5OOS+4AXNn6MYgSkKJ7IwOEF5b0BF7ewhRpEpgsr2OI/d1PIOjKxNwBw4G8g CZwMs6hFAEmhB/HIoIHOUQ5zmOMci8ADBcOCgxHYZHDzmBkb6BG2zERsJbxgIn9U9xh+UOOJRhvf FgMpSJJ0YxbdcEUPuAFGAxn+gg6OpEMdygEW9NRAWQB8mC3YBMLBQSQceORP9gTDqxcOspSm3Egs dvAAHexAFos0ECEeSQc/PIoGJnAQ03iRIundrpNLeAMoFSaR632EYQ45JTKTGZF4+GCVq9wGrBr5 SD6cKQYmGNPSxoEGLLihNZdU2j7ykQ0rtCEnK2kWf7CozHUOciXb2IEO4umAxJkqlo/0w1jcsQIW qOub29LHG6yQBpbBcB5YYANOxiLA/qiTnQ4N5BAcoINnmuocd5AlH/hxrhWoi5jawgUWvjC6GIoj ZTkJZR4X+NCVOnAliBSCDnoQtU9BpBx3OEQykIEMY5gDaz1TGi+GeKdAljT+iTfx43445VGWMnVp rGilPpwBD1MZgw6+kEg7UBC5iIlDDVZwww0ZqA8unKFpCBNmUgHZ1LXWDgqJfOWDNFYMhdRgBo+b QdL2cQsrqIGgptSHF9AQvpKgdD/GZCtilyYTJvggXLhZKoQWUYfG8aMGChjBCMzjT1jpQnm8TKY9 vOCFFpJkoSlFWmJTCzF9GMEIX8wWIfCgQ36E4rIjUEANIgaObeIirFrcxxm44NuKlLBoaXUIZFWr XCvBgwhNGG6U6sEHWkZkFJfdWW4dJjNyypGlmttfSJAqFNott7yhWgk3fLA+WJkDD4aYyDUGloCt gmoeLLuvPjKJBs8BcZ3+asCCX0Ei3pwEDrrmPXAe+SGLHUQBrgZKRh0WsSuPzWAU2YVVOLCQC86h jAu7SG0brhBgj6BzP105JoJTTKVY6IAV2hqXMJa1DxbcgF0iHA4WbmFgZIZ4xBopLglJqeIhC8il OoiFgwXEiDoYgyIwYMFUNsslceiCCxQ4Q3eXO7NNcsQqDFUpkcPcnyi0UluHuIMkJzKDFNwDVLIS hxuOMxwruM28/djrm6QcGC+n9Fpi/rNQnPDW5EJoH3/YQz0oUgMUjInQD4IXF66ABlzs4gpxfgMW srzcTOaZI4UVCqcALepqMYEIU4XVOfYwiEehhx+iUBao9JEm5XCuu17+48ew7GVnfkBvF+HIxdgu AiTjCuWwoz62SORhhCK81lTkqIMiKmKKBZiiv1KSdRpSlIZcfU7MtqAAGK6AhSZipMSgFjKy052R lXTDB89NMoCqetXv8INHPtLzf+ixi5NxIQ262PGBd8ETXGjk0+YEs7oTTpHDQUFbv6jDXCkiMOJF 6VHi2PC82vBZhSckHDzZOKTQem7UcrzkK5kFg7WliDuUSyLuUIFRHB0SOQZFH2eahy2+oJx6lVwi vAhphnLhM5ETGEoy73mKKTZTU+1jEGisSD5SEIMAjRUXaciFF3ghjlsIBw1u4C/SI3KLXfDCFrwA Zp74Ye6iOwTfYU/+MSt0MAum80O6frCHRZ5soJ8v4QVY2MIWzmAL8L5dJGv3CFX0saWGFh7QK5GC DiwGcAC19xAXCZOrDISLDm4nwJMv/DmJjhN8ILzxYha0Yz11JghLmCIQCcUJxuT2WPHj58D6sLVN 35HDd0Qa0kiIOjjxe64YXfdi1kcRhvDFowdoXMG4yKu9w/yQ6MJQX1gDFkBufJDwXiP4gMYANDCk AQxAAJrKTem3n1r9wMMITFh+p4xBCEIYwhCDuAMyKrISUpDgFLnPyV4RXDjkQ9eoH+ConehthCYQ QN/wwwcUAH2In0yQ3leoB15gC/lg4GyMRtpdoGJ0IAdq4MF4YGj+fKBoiCAInmCTmOAGvsZsUIVc tFsTyIVcsMUNnYVHYeAiyBIdNJl9UMXj+IhsuCAHUkZZsMG/LEQN0kYJ7lELPuELsmATBk1G4OAK TiEKjoZtjEz3VSF9CAQGGMBAHIBZvNDsGaAyuYIRNIEr+ECDgUo/aAwk0cHTdQk/YEMKUNx/yEQa dAHhoeFI8FlIFAAYimEYJgQ+dAInBEAlKCInPCIkRqIkTuIjesIkWiIlZmImYmIkcqImfmIlXiIo jiIneGIokuInmmIpomIqiiIrbiIoqqImyiIoqsIUOAAuOgAToMIrziIr0iIkesIneIIgyFId2AIl esIzmEADOGL+JyajK7biI3ZCL4RBBWiCM0JjNMIiKgKjND5jL25jLI5jN4bjKorjM1xAAnKEAYif BxDAtAgEP+TN93xAJlQCPlpCPuLjPvajPvLjP1ZCQA5kPxbkPwakQAKkQvojPyYkQy6kQ0bkQTYk QUakRELkRGJkQV6kQW5kRSJkRXIkSC7kSD6kQyLkSWokRSqkJRzkJPxAPMVTEVzCJehjSYrkSmpk S3pkR1bCJWBCIBgjKFxCQyYkA8DAJghkRpokR6YkRG5CHFTAGWQCUe7jTqbkUjqlVprkTV7kVd7k R+bkVoKlUvIkTuZkSFokQX4lRGplJhjAOm5EAYifNJCf+bX+BeMBIls1wSrpgAPwjvV4ij0Qwh7w gWHuwR8k2kTQwAqcoc1wgxagnV62hGmFRCcgjTRYAooh4gA8A2wE5kroA2hOxWiK5mSE5mhaj26I pm6oZliYphWyZli4Jmq2ZmmGZmDI5mOtZmre5mkqoW3yZnC+Jm4S53DW5mz6Zmz2pnAmJ2+eZmku hJMEJmmupnRW51rIBGxaT2ZEAUzi4ltNZ3HqJnai5mSYphIWhmia5m6+phIWQx0cAt7tA33uw1ko Hm/YUpttJ3vCRn8iZ3uGJn3mA0TkwgQ0UXRmBmbghoL+Z4KKJ1o8aG6mZ3o2aGsCp3MaZ4aa531q J26u53H+qieElqeITih6wqYS/ieGYoZ7dqH4bOZkstQ2CIEQbMMsOAEUKJLqnVlMYEQ/hMItBUg+ pMISaF+MkoSLesSWkNeRslNoQgGDTR+AlAMe+IFijowFscZ/7EMbYEGnNalJGFxCoRuYmpJMzIIP FIEi5QZ1cskv0AEjbISiVBuA6AOF/GGZGl5cvmientJYyMMT9ICLwZt/1IPTUZZFQEQQBsg8cMEX fF6fSkSS/pGfRaogtUIPNEG4EGp/IMMdEMKVYgQ2oADxOOZHgAMWHIqlkkQJ7akLtd2qyhB6JYEP IJkVWUlrKAIdxNhGuEPWBMgSuUGshqmr/lEFDmsMRUH+DzhBs4WKORjmbAnbQ6zAT/3H/RAcstoM AgYZyWWr7cjENgyBELhStpRGtP0IDDQmp15Ea2CakXrr7hXrSIQavN6OPriVFDgJ0xEC/m3EPrgK DbQKgNgI2NUr98mrzZihwQ7OyQmBEegopPZHMuBBYnKELdGACuBSf9CDaGnawpIYsRVdt36syMCD oA2qlP4H1czbRtAAwSSAj6QTP4hD4EWswU7qSDApyT6MTGAqE2xqyvZHPRwaoo4MP8gPZimACbzD ulqEJ5XTzoYEzt5H8UVtt6AXE/SArWbLSxiClJ3JKbDAdSkAXvGHCJGb1XZEqwYZjKbtp7SpPrBC Dzz+wWsFLX/swyFAnI8qRD6IAgugQA1YQwskQNnmBETYghXgntuSGMKGhLEtbrZsgxGM67aUwx74 QRq5nkK0Qw0gyygw7T5gww/xR5d+KeSu27Z+GXKdbpl4gxRAwSzEgxTsQL5uy8Od62ZZQwycAAyM btNSRHSEg9bpnI+xbrk1LkjorPFOCTwIAS7uQA8YATT9bks86x5cr2HiQctVxD2QAguYQAxUzw5x TEvslRmEARZwgccu7/GyLfWyr5Lygys4ADyxEvx9yrPJ0h/g3URQpzuEQgqYAA5knn+0BvRMgBrY bNqK6U2c2P/Br4nxAytIVDz1gAILRTnUgSz9gh3+JkQ20AAKrIAonIndZgQ96MJOTMBQQXDBIe9H 0CsL72FCcIMT+IBf4iLvmEow8CAHd4kpwAAKwEAbCcg8uMEWWAEFoAwWKG4Mh5z7XnATXwQNLys3 yAITFAErQHFLnAMj7MFFbfCr5MMoBHANaGyAgMPJfAEvuIEt4IIt7IJkRnFjTG1IKK8c48QUO4GO wooxGEIdDEIxlMMhGIIi2J8P3uGipcAoDFaA7IK8pAGX3XH7qq4km1VCbIOgPcEed8qZ1IMv8MEe KEK01lv49IM1ADEMmEIJc8TWXcEWuAGeVjJFhJ5/2LEsI547Za0eS0aVIIMhUGwx8G91JUAM3EP+ KbDACdCAd4yvf6BxSO2CFrMvHV8Rmd7yR2xD1kLBqb0vS9TDL/ABHihCmu2Kdd0WCeQhAXMzXOzC NqXB6JjqHU/zC6efNeufQmBzD2gzrJDDL/tBMHyTx4ztvQUIPdwC4MFyPXNfyOIE7cBzE1PFLBRB Pm8qqHizH4TzOG+gO4zxwNxWuqgzRYzDyXhBLkRzFMuzklZtQvevQkT07pQKE1YJOZyZP6vNmehu CIfCj/KMQ3eELmwT5qz0SKB0sdCzUPeDLBjB7tStlNSDUzs1/9ZDMFz0IVCW2riDKKSACsTAEN/h KrsGPdhCpOmPUN9H6p5WWe/FLCi1FGwz6Dj+3R7gwR0sgjkcQpX+QqhOhO6qgAp8LvnihC6kQZqM A+Z0qRfETFojqQun9MjKsj5wAw7GgrhKQbNSiT3sgTHuQVV3MD9g9QqgQAz4H4A0aoZcwQRcQVAn ds6e9XHd6h3LghDsgBDMwiwQQUqY9EjYAx/orzAzc73NgArkIdP6Nn/Mg2lvwS34VU+rNlFzxOPe sjz4gESt0m3H9JRYlCxZntr07QqA7ynAIKOmAXGggWrfRHNvhAMvN8miV1/6JTS1Ka7+whc/kiGo xTV0rgqEwnCDdKLeQt/Ji6Pi9kozcEvkpRyvhDNQ8APswJqWyT78Ah7wQTH4wiEswiIcAq/+8oMx dzcMnMKZqHdH8MIWeMHYXdw8sEHxlvdHnPePvZCAr6pMRIEPGIEqPYCLfTVJFMP1+uBKrMIQYwNw 5/c1WLd/zEMaWMEtqPh+sPi6GTUEOwMRDMHcbYMrTC+XGAM4/8KjkIICkIApkAIM8K7vgriSZtIZ xLKSzytrj1wlw8MTpJyDKwQyXHQP7xApLMBtLcAJlHGVhEOkrXCan9RiUwQ+qIOhD5NKxzCmNkGD E7mBkIMf3AEjKOajwMB1zZc3GYhM1Ag3vbiS07JJZAAADAAGSATptS38hqsPzN2nlMP9LcKHo0U2 WJMJEAwLpDOEgBQaRHKg4wSTL8QBSMv+Oph6Z6boVDgJsh87Zqxnii6ohbIotCe7szM7iFL7gkb7 sWf7tLNotXP7tUs7uC+7t1d7s2O7ua+ntZM7iJ67tqP7uF97QsgDFDyAFMiRPuQDHUW7uD87uLe7 s7f7seNgOhCCHSjCOXAnfXpwDJDADWRDNpgACzQaa7Kmaoa74r07sqNmxttcQoADFyzxXOg7s7P7 tCu7sV/7vpd7v4t8uuv7yVP8yK88uZM8upt8zFd8y9O8sl+8hWb8y1e8zjt70Nf8gv48d+b8eibQ r6sDAWCABgwfWUAJmVtqLBjBE8B0mfTDOShCHyxCXq8EkKfADOx3P/iDP5SEap69vwr+AhnkwtT3 +kVU5lBwgAccwAAM+zxiwgcEQMJIgt9Pgt8HviQAfuAT/t8LfuEj/uArvuEvfuIzPuQjfuNPvuI7 vuA3/uE/fuZLfuRfvudr/ueHfuWPvuBjQiUkQQRIACYA/gdUPuWDPuaTvuVLPiWAgiLkQRbEASVQ QuCvPijEQAIwQAZUAiYEPiXkQCR0Puwj/u5TQvLPvuRPAihsAQKIQCXEvvLLPuhv/uzHvveL/vdz fuJj/+iTP+mHP/ej//JvP/R3f/ufv/Znv/uzP+FPQgFUgkmog6a4x/DhQzR0AkAIsBStU0GDBxEm VLiQYUOHDyFGlDiR4kRVnZqhWoj+alYnaJ4kRIAyjWBFkwdV0eqk0aCqXmPm/CEnTdXFTtGgYWKQ gIY1as9YGkTV7OTBoUMdRtNkgQIuac+KRpU6lWpVq1exVoWGYRI/r1/BhhULthOADAQOhNU3ANpY t2/hxpU7l25du3fx5p3brx+/WkiacNM7WG6wPYTKjc0mQwUOd4Tr9pWbS4ugeJAxZ9a8mXNnz5/l duia+dmGD+rC4hsQjZ8+fWJft5at1mvs2rdtf439Ovft2b55w8Yt/Pfs4LRl9zYOdndx4M6X6x6O /HVfyXz7cmuy45XX69CbK2/OfGxscr6C/foVjN6vO36Mfd1n3RqMEzSwgd33+3v+cuLHyZvNOt90 uYILXspLkDjkwJsuQACl84+6BiVkMEALI6QQwufEczDCDZdTDroRRbStwwo/fG4DSTyTrDa2QItR xhlpjEufKHZ44jK+ahyLETqABHKPPeLraz5+9qnvvnZ6nGseNbDApckpqazSyivh4mA0zPTpR7zV +HERyzHJlFGyWYQgYhsy9/uxjiCDydCUFUiggUkky+TnFizOmCfPPwENVNCv+lpxxrXaGlTRRWnj 0St4muiBFevEtHKRIOmoY7/9vJoThRreIbRKetyYB5d5crnliysQZNTVV2HdTMtDYYzV1kD7YaWH Jrr50xxF3gyyjnq8O4UFE0D+zRMNL7ZA4wUK3BDx1mmptfW1WWVEtNpta+zHlSKakGUbIoSYxTsy jSHkjkMMoeOOOzLdz9Nk/9QHjQmWWCMdbvnt11VDzazV34Ehe40VBxx4QIceoqgus0rrqucXPvBQ 5Bx+7DknFRiUqaeUFJB9DOIaOfVqH17eOAOLF7S4rGSCYY65SQ5YzBbMkWXO2VGwilB4BwegCFOz fMIq2ch+XubnHEX2+KOYc/kpZYEEUoDBhFAewxNLcXY5Y4st0gjjhSWu+IKenNFOu7O+sI1RW2nV 7rdSeGaBggkd8NbBASmEJmw/UkwQZS++kjnkDkCO0WaVVUYJJZQYRohcgQX+8iMznDdW5eINXvTZ Rw2UwWljF63jLt30ugCOMR+BT+e2Un22cQWKIXowwolWWHkA4R4EGwxpr0gZQQEFRHGnnWxOOaUU UUTBIZQZaJhhDD3seMEFFVRIIQUWYIAhBhpMUED4GLCcZ5c0uNjiDFvEad399/FqG7R+wIQfUOzc qlSebVhpQoghigCFWMDDNrNgAhR6h5ekWWN4kjOB9rbHAu7FQAYxKMMc/AAMbFhDG+1oxz3yISZr mCABMSDajF6mD3DcgllcaAMvzmY/Gc5QOKkDjbZwRsMr7cwr8YiF3YjgAyawQhbyCAsP8SKmfJxi BitQwQnEpwAWWCMb7cj+xz2+8qs9IIIcjhKTZPZBNGuE4oQ10ocu0uCFK6ABF+DQjw7hOEOazYh+ rJlL0uLIpVa4IoFf2UYroGCE2jmBFWs6IsTgVjQx3eMUOIABClIQg1FcIx8wSAALQqUfYfjhDooo BxJJ17c3ZoYX9RgHNtoRjq+AwxYq40IadBHDPM7Sfmzb0g1hlEhaciYeRUDYDloBu/4RgQhGgMIs enXIwRzpK/kYoxNTsIJRZKOM/HhHKJjEqXowAg97+AWxoBaj/YioDV9Iw7LYEI42cIELX7iFG3cZ Txna8DP0S1Rc2oEfeUZGTK1wAN4esIMhCDEKs4DHETGTtGyMIgYpUAH+DEJhjWruJxl+GAQhBuEH c5SDEHgYBDI4hUe48MIW+rAFPdogS73sgx7zcBa+uHCFNOyiffu06fs2cMvPrMWOcGkHC6iGjf7c VFRgiYcsmKAwvP3AXBhKYtKwIYqGmgAGNTAF0ZImGWNgig57qFhiBgOOLaiBC15Qg1haKo5w8IIX udiFLW5xiza0IQ1f+IIa08cFLCzBCm+AJ1EBW7pC6dQz2oKLO1gwOQWkoHL6MdIskRgP/hXhf0zY gcIc4IQRJXEGNQBLO0hBA+yxYAamyKR8RskPZHB1EfaQy+/cQg962OIFE7ACXb+wLHbu1gvt9IIX znAGNbyBDbfYBS7+eDEOcMyDF1hY2RhiqMvATrda1yLs2nL5lnagQHzCo6okTTuWx8aRG1FowkCb wApnvMYVPtiBE4zou5DSIAEKoMEpaLCCB9KAFI01WQ7tYYxBCIsO5BiLSE1Gj3Dkwg3n7K0WljAB LrjhFrjAhS7YCg5wiEO2dUnDG9zwhjS0gbolRhs9C1s/uFgDigsgRTaeBwOQVa0GojhF1hQZt0rx zwlC8EETorBe2FzGLuMNSz5iMDnhnSAGovAvgsFSjl901A9/sAOQ3pSMUIZlHuF4axvQsAUDeeHD uGDGOL4g5ivYYi+pJQ89pGtiOU9rjjJa3T3d0iVruIAUpMsHNk7+EQoaSDB7MbBqNnA8yn5U81Y8 7Ac3WuGEIRChCFGQBZGLWpdNjeUd2SBFDWQMsu4mYBQIdbM9ksG0PfjBFwYGRxbmIIZAZMGNm5rH OHhxi7ry9gxtwEU4OBwWXqhBHLfgBRqwuA8oz5nZ77MlrfA8lnl4QReQ2MUWECQid1iDFDi4wYxX EINQnOIdknEHNmTgAl6kI6TyKRkzkfTFz55WM/BwRnzBAo8fGsEHRpCCQZ3qlmX3AxufjoETTcAC cZPCGv2owfBwECaIvewcvzDEkBRhDHB+pRdXuAKfdiHXM6R5C1xAwxuQOw6VimXZzXZ5HFHcGcPC JRdWsMIL3lD+ZGuUogYy0C8LbhCKOFDABS6wABla3uZsPPBOYPnd072zn6e/rBU9eEAPWsGPbsRC CoI0ZisOeiGxeMmapwgTHgluilHQAAYqSLihRdFwUS6jHzawgT5UGe+inecPh/lFYvCxjrXmAhdu oOsVKGCFdqqhDbbQxTiSnvSXTx6O8qsn6wTuBtt+YeR2/QLj6TpiW4zeFhcexzjSEQ5dMCMVNlhB AyxghSVYLwbdW4H3aJB7GtSgcY2zcfKSR8VrXAPQ4ZPiNcQrnxx+BR4/08EDeEBZ2w1wMO9YgQJK HaZ2WEMUM2i7CrhHg7i/Q6T7eI0azkBcM9xiZ/ZAxzEQEYj+OcxhDGtAvxnY2YWyegENw22DFWxL FyhvAAfwNWKOM3hKlMYCHcbGCtyAFywsAomLDd5AxNDgDNAgA8Pga7YADL6gC7qADF5gAV7ACk7A Am7ABkZBFJanBqBnBryve2wve7LHidzOBEhg1EhgBXiQB73nBmrP0FwQBnlvFHrPGqiIFfLm+Zyg Gspt0YznHd7BHdxBCq2wCqtwCqvwHrDh+sYnBljA7VaABkbBFLJBpDpnyxYhC8ZGDBzhE24BDtTg C8ggC+xw8dqguC6MFzbsHkzEnMzpCsZhywiwEEusztwmu2KLC0aODbagpvJCH+jhHupBH9KgAp5F DdaADLz+YA1sIRz8hC6uCItMAYoUAAUYrhSWh3lCAQecBwdqIPe+h+1gQAZkAAYaAAEgIAIiIG8c 4HpMAAVMYBiJsRiN8RhNAIoiZwQWoAb668DmA7ZSgxd24Q3oQA9szg5iTQzEYA4eQRCYYR1AKUFM hR84h6YMMR1N7NnsDPPEYh4EUBf0IblMxmjuAheuQA3QAMz4AR7CoZV6q502ZxzijB9MgQROwBry YuuagAiQ4AliYR3iIAIeIAKooB1QyYMyUiPb4R086CM7EiRRCRtioL5cTO+8Q0T64R7EgaTgwAzA wAzMYA30gA2XIAvuYBAYgRyU7S0kTx2Bcs4OcDPqyEr+xEEc5uEbzPEdc42sDOQM3CCW4iIb/MtF 5mM+bCMfZAEKiqDfLC03QqEBaGAck6gfYqAE+gxpEEzBcOEN5vAKtIAMxgAQAAERDIEQuDEv18A7 +qIgWS4oAbPEcgraFHBQ6IEX3EAN8EoNjG0Q8cQW2IoapWTLJKMbIk0IhOAJXsEx+ZKjCgEQMErL 2m2cOEUtN+0qezIXAqEQxqAQ1gAdwAIfxqEXbmENuEAL7LAbAyEP8MAPCOEQFIERfqEY9CBI7AAR CDEwldMQB4uOVAwu9KEb/JIu4iGZFOSIxEEX3AANuCAMwCAN3okNsCAM0gdBeGgfuIEVmOAIhkAK hMz+LZRBDOxADPRADIhhpXQDEazADrNADJRBGnTNC/iTGwOhD/7gEITTGMrhHOohafagDuoAXhZh OSk0KK2LMBNJFgSpCNbENirlZfpDTKLAB3oACozIyAiF7HqjH9JBO8/gCrogCyiAAtYgF2whF4jh uGTnCCAgCKSAF04IH1yjc5RtHzLmF8SADfeTEH7BF5z0SX8BGKR0Sh1BEKq0SgXhEdjgGwHBDmRU DOggN8fgERIBGIohGcqhQcPpL82hTcvBHDauQuW0EIdSM+wpLuZBCP7JAXwA0whjFhJGb6SALO3i D5Tg+eQAENJgCSQAAnbgCIxgCcAgA7vAubAgC7T+wOOy4FL7sz/pQAyWAEyTlD/tcD9LNQusQAtU dVXJAA08Dw26NAsmYA7uQOOcbk5xNVffAhFxqafcwhn+SQcuSwmYIAmSoAiQ1ViLwFiZ9ViZIFmX 1Vl9QKl0gAeSwAmgAAqwlRVcgVtdYRacQRbExRvI1Ru6QR7QVR72YQn+KaCWoAiIQAnk4BEQgRD+ ABDyIF8BoQ8AIREQwREcYRmWYRx0YRd6QRDCdAKywA4coRd2QRfAQblObxzmYR7WoWLxoTV6Mur4 wRFK1QrEIE4LU1dJtkLZMRGjTT9ghweWEBJe4RVc4WVhYWZptmZtlmZfIRacgFqDoBVgQQoiIRL+ pAAKmqAKmqBY0yRNggAImDYIhAAIllYJgCBvHiAIEtU3DUERfEEYigEZFlRkx6IcMDUL6nAYMkMQ xqAP5nIMYLNk3dZt6/RhFHEskkEO9OYB5MAP2MUQspYRFqERFsEXikEYCPdMk+Fwk4Ec2vQcziER guCfeCAQyiEZkMEYgkEYGEERGgGjBoFivCoP+iB07/URSNcRHncH9AYSzI8u3s1k+GEeTgoXZgsc vMRFlk/gXPdtdbdkLS/FfHUsyMEO5EAO5sAOFkEYhoFwg0ERmJd5D6EQCmEQBsEQ/KAP/IAP/oAP +KAP+KAOhJd46aB6/6AQCIEQmJcRCNdr37T+HurBHlaXOR6BBxQmCABhY3f3fvF3TAywZlTHHcMi eO3gyuwgPsTORuyhHvrhEDDlDkDktfjCNX7BESABEhwhTvL3gjG4Snj18lI2LCRGPdTjYorGzZJT ERb4L1Erg1V4he+HHzaYMFwDNp6zSc6hHN60TTkDf1h4h3k4M14Yu9oizn6yh4m4iLflh/NiHSrB EtZBLfzXiKE4itPmQjMDAwZgADLgiJ5Yirm4i/llP5D4LqQBAAgCAJr4K/xhAJ6hNVxEOXikOlJI AXOjNzxUNtpYQfgijoVmQDJkZGNDTHYDkH0jnCTjjyUOanKDjwe5jxNZjvMnQQR5jx25qO7+2I6L qpEF+Tpe51YjeZE3OfmKQ5EFpG8q+Vw6mY1Jx2EuxEQKs45v45N/Q5UZWTfkLUIGpJOHajls15OF ZjxeWexEeY4XRJJtmZQzhOwsmTw2eZP3t2D4IRoAYBqgAQCkIUVn2It393axWWZ6Ny+eAQDUYZqr mR/WIRJsIAAGgADUeZ3ZuZ3d+Z3VuQDgOZ3huZ7ZWZ7tOZ/1eZ/5mQDwuZ8BOqDVmZ4FuqDj2aDz +Z8RmqAPup0Z2qAVGqHdOaIlep0puqIbGqM1OqE3eqAJYAAuGqNDGqELAAAqITOmIQA4IRMCIGP5 AR+iIRpMQxMyoaYtoaYz4aZxeqd5uqf+N2ESMICnb1qne7qndZqoNcEDMoCmi1qom3qnNyGqMUAS NuGobbqpibqoLWETKuECNCGrn9qorxqnNaEDNuCrd9qqcRqsx3qtNSEDPoCpx5qttTqtM6Grs5qu n1qtLUETPgADNmGt7Xqwcxqr3/oDAjusBbuw53qtL0CxnZqwcXoTJAEDOEGtGXuvtVoTNMAD5Hqx w5qtb7oSMKAS6jqzITunk1oD0Dq1IbuvO7uqXRu1aXsTLkCvMTu1NwETMKC1aVuxiVqnNWEDMkEz PCAAAuADxEISxnkzpkG5N+M1OuGktXkuhtQGmlsz1qEDPOOyR5YwKmGNq5su1OEDpnP+Lp7hunyH Hybhd8f7LfqBAzxDGjzguwfDEjjB1AYDHz7gjO20Eywhh/mhEjrBMzbgvOVCHeS7M6J6M6Ahu79i GprYYbokOfqywmO4S3ijdl96GjoHOwq5L9mYRwYEww9ZHabBPzR8xEscKy/8wr1iGjI2xC28NTC8 L1/cxlujmrtERfGHw11DxE18xVHcjnW4wnuZxHuZjWNYHVAjOIYcx4Ncx0VcMvChmkU8TALZ/HJ8 w8/lNdYhxaMRlb08yVVcyvlBwmuD7JA5ho+cxrV8x23cOjBcw0t8N7w8hq/ckoecyW+5xrtkP5yc z4XczyW5x5c8H6Shy8mczB8YxkH+nB8GHc9TUsrr3MfPri+8YcL1bso9PckpZXUrfNFrA9Ebvc7J HMPnY88r/M09vdXNPDgGfZtpvdZ7eMVhGJEQHMk19jpRGS7aeByDPS52JobVgo5tpGSMnTlM5HaR 5o8hhsP7uDw8lNfXvJSh88t9XbqQmcu3HditXTyWfbNK/TrGPc4pHdi/CInScNph441NnVBsw9sz bc2R3NprPCXBHc9fBytL3UaafezCnS7aXeIQ3Kbeuy7cOOGrhOFX+Nx3KEUd3tappLIxALrvoi8y AQMyYAP8mx8qu8DtghNOmh+kQQM2IMXBQhrM+ys+oOXf4gPWeBo0IANKOyw0oeT+pSEDPODjw0Id NkAD2mId/loTbkMebCCohaYTMADCwcISMMADUAOopxosgF4DqnkaOiAD8tst1EGpu74SMuCW9KGy A9wroCEDRH4sTl7o+eGtMwDrv0LBM8ATvAKoixsuoiED1pgTMoADUMPqWds7PADj3WITNEAd1mED bF6n9n7mNQDw30ITOD7x14EDMgDPTt7mRZ7pWQORPsDm65u0Lx4sMiED4l7xPaC34dsSLiASND4D IiHRPAEDJN/kNaDrx4LoWb8TUD8Dstv1JSFjob7kx4Ly474D1uEZMqADAl/SUV8DNEDkP6C+x4K/ MaDmKwEffv/z3/4C4p4D8IH+E6IeNUYG+4ub6NU+LEh7EjglGjBg7d8C6Ncf6qO+0WJjHQpANIwf L8B/EgBiEj5++vh9ELBBgDR+DBs6dKhuEgAM/PAVuHDR4SYCBPox1ATAwMCHDJ9tAKCJHycAkWyk LKhOEoAM/NYNwGBAA8mGBgxgCKBOAwEPADoR1KdBgIcAlmoaKErSo0wPF/UV0DApk0MCBzAImIaR Q4BoO/kdMMABQDSQGwJM4udxw4APAN7y0wCgqceH6gRkyBAAn4YLlT6o43mgAwBolQJ0CKC1rL4D KKUF2GDgAsN+Hul6YGgpZFmG0wQAmAat7ofIDTGg5EfgQtfRGDAUFkwAw4D+dQT5WSIwyYZRi68L 8gXgQVKlyRkmNW14wbYkfLqJGn3osbGNAJ46AUj4oTcqACEMdGCY9q3xhxoKeBCwzoOBwtN6S/ww QBNbAZXKdkpuwADRCKDBWSPF9wFeKYFEQFn4FOZZJwJM8sFCHv03SQEErISZZmW1J0kAmryXgQCH FTTJhAN8NhkA/a23UwEYiDVNBhhMUsleo+3IY48+7gTNB88U8MxhP5KkjwGZGNkQAecVIMmP0hxE kzSneXcYZ5UQUABMGFzQUVmaKMjPJAeow1tD0pDIjycArCNhmg+tUwA06uQ1gFY5wcUPYfwUQJMH XnHCJ3ufbQLAMwZ0wiT+P+oUIM00LgZg1AUb9PbQB964A4AnBfKTgQH2GTUUP5n81N9O6oDAz3jq XCDJOuv1Y9idnUTHT22YNrQPP5IAxskHDXq3EEOd6HbeqxeICqNDGwA2jSYGTNMoP5X8pImV01h2 Iknz8YYPZPhAVdAHGaCJXol6kRQNAXY6WgAn1RZgyWF3EvpXoQ65pw40/GxQAD8cBFyQUKjVp4lX UaoawCbb5uoBPiMxBKg6z/SDwQH8dMBsWdIIWIkA/KT2jEP6bEDROtE1uOOWvmKgzsRqDrBmg5YV a7JZOtFbwFvF8UNVrpd+oNtbOiLJ1DQCHpAJb71u0t/RR05N9UOceOX+wTMBEPBd1QytIwABARwg 8UCZTRMAB7uO5tEFmmH5zGkVlTuARx5kMgnLZa3zGlFcvyUxQ7NFAwAnmABQ7UMXCOCdURnXZFwl KE0Dc+FrO/TxAdAIMAAA4Um8Tz/6LB5NAIYFQJPUDKkTwG5u31VA2Qw9xYk+GEADWVkeualZAQII UIA6/awzUGlfYVAAnaLuRLmtmI2caE13Dan2BppIMsBommxAeEQAcB2erOpkYCWjAGSSCQA4m0yA AAEYYCUn46bE22MDUCoNBuFq1etDDH6ntM6dR2I2cd+ZBMABdXDlcvwYwACAt44MBOw9xMsVAAoA ALVlABoDsAtJ7oT+QYocIACck4Y+8KGP+3FtE3JRxwHCVJbZcKBBkiJUBZshgGboAwSXuITIRlMa rSzlgSWrID8MQJMPBEAaoTGK6iR3wXE1xUXS60QAAlAUaVwAHxPS105OAgAN4MOBYWSIB2jSLK+p cUcFUcwHCoKPhYCkPl5biGWIUjhpFGCELOpRQV4XN4sxBQCvOYij5uIaspTlTilRx2HecxICFGQ2 BhnABRBXlmkUYAB2spzbXEOTk7xlMBL5jJgseZj6NOYZpsHEOgjASd/Exi+X08dh4pcBzQzGNReI mUEIUIkBSC4DcnIIPg6DKGnE7E6SwKAH8iG6jE3DAAewZFT4AYL+AkguQaIqXWgyKMwAXIATBJDE COlIkgtkgC6VwEd9QpQWKA3gcBrQxyQsqb5M9kNSIdOEPgrHS3eaJQMauBFyGBhHfoBEmQpNFPgk VsNOWNKaaRzAeQJQCYABDYkTWRY/EBWyxvTSi/rwBgA2Yat1EM90T9kAAdTGgQG40AAEWB6Q1AI0 mzEFi/351DQIQLTF7ARFP3RkAzkgEQDgIzULwUcGckMukgyFb1vqz/nwcoD2mAUDHTiA5C61o3t5 513e0cQBfjeAha1xrTyahrk2IA1PQCpExTySJjkBkk5IIxr62MQHOJEfL+quT5qhqrD6FQ3eGHId KFvhUB31Gq7+vsoAFpOGR3xSEQ5wggMGSGNFNhmNmBkArhOymDrYiSZLZGwi/gkjmjJRgGl0YABx hIYe3eVISUzCiqma0zwJ1wlJKKQAHIDT+M4U02O5ZlqX01onGmOJRa1EExbT5AbW0ZX/dKJUO9nE l2ZiiQAEiQD9kgY0bLS1THBAN1F9iCRW+4ENaGB8wXvGNI51yQO4VRPCqqtHNFGnvF5AAwudRpHk q8ANZMJtZdzJB3qJn+hOKQDrkIY0JmEAaCDquZKQaHh2YqPUcCK80DgAMRmVN7cOABU2+t76GKIP q7gEMvGyYr2KNBiVXeAZWbvKY4U1EE4E4Bkp2laR+CEAGzj+ar1ce8lO1MkQDHigL9N5BjT6QZWC QKMD/5FpWQaggdRk4i8rsROjkLcOnyTskh4CoovSF91oSGQa0xhMpNiKZx6tYxIZqDPnUqLG9whA rfzohO9M6aOC6Mpaf+aVr8JUroCNhnUp2YgANNeQttFEYAMgkhcvtDWxRQMa7RMjTwJQgACYknXX IQlRNkmA/G3NKAXxDpfGEkwEjuaeSqnJBcaGzmgYIGyeYMg+BLAJyXDgd5bQRwYc+OGPiI2y0AiQ /tgooo1tjVANKYh7evOBgKmuId3brgAW9ZBwEQo/BKD1B0uUVpU8cGEXEttIK4Jsjw07XtRptJc4 95YtEUj+Zph7CgdOCBj49UYwrfMnQ4Q5Gk/crz8JWdF6pjFCSEmjmvfeCQY2jU3OJbshrCOUcfK2 ow5+5H4ZGMkfdeIor2xoNOQMgE6eIbYPe0Qaw9ZvQyDu2YaELACSQMrvIhNfBuZ56STJR9CPhMJu b4bgiV5P4HZ1QpNRPd3GdMhe8KGjqI+mbFHPerf7gQ/iudzpZdnHCY0I9kzHOO0jufrYZTaxsBuH M2wfu9X3UhCPnNAjnNk6dkTHELHrK+6CN7yx0d4QmREe7XUftzHXY3atyx3xfv/6TjhfEcdnuusk UfwJnw7jyE/M6t0W/dwuL3XIy130Mst85GFkd92tPu/+U99M4FEv9+DDxfZML37qBbtWyxt/+cxv vvP753zOOH/61B8N8Kt/JOXjWfvY/xH3uw/+8It//OT3evnPj/70q3/97G+/+98P//jLf/70r7/9 74///Ot///zvv///D4ABKIADSIAFaIAHiIAJqIALyIAN6IAPCIERKIETSIEVaIEXiIEZqIHntxfS h3wbCIIhKIIjSIIlaIIniIIpWH6z9RyjNytBx3lxJDPhBktQwhuZMGRwAXq+xyfG0SwxZjIe+DpH oYJFaIRH2IBoAwAas1YFkT4lsxcZkEEccEk6cSwvJnV4xgGIhoRd6IVf6H9KxDXFog6WYAnSUAmH sQ7+llAJ6JR4nCAJ9eJUANABA+EReGEcl6RMacgP02AJklA7cMEJlaBhz7APlgANmlAvMNYJmKAJ aTINlTAJJaNQhFKGkuAJ1weGm8iJnYh9BLBOVPQo39M50GAVhCQA/gIdF3RBEgUANMMnUjgSktMJ IPEMVhI2B0UUA8A1HsA3JBQSA3ESWERe0sA5XKM2nfYowMNanuiMzwiNzJcanZAaoiIThOIakVgZ M9GDqyEwi5FXOggqAKAPHhEaeKUW0rAB1PI+VqIT6RMxopEW94Uc/eAdHxAaAmEJhBIbbrIBfcUa 0SiQA0mQPNIZnhMip3ESvCE56uA3sEQRMNZMBoD+QRrWKZgiiwxBF9LwhOqAAVwBAOOUF32YQf90 KTLhPcXCJR5JSBiwEAMgEsv2PQJRkDVpkzV5iu7TORQCFVI4DRIBDfigCU7kGyO5kYjSC4WSkX0h Mk20OBIzAAdAOJeyEh7QD11DF+qwEv0hKRlQi3AiGjWlDpnAKIrRWzeJlmm5id6hE3E0NlaEalhU DazDUS9iKktYIokCEmfSEFLYE1j0Fk0khRlAGV1ySb6DHOMyNPlEGcO2GGnxF3QIG7HVOpgRPd+n lpmpmRvYCRvUEJNwXWvCk2QhDRyQAYAmdBggCZpAPvhgLjhjCRqgARnQAZTYmdTSAaf5AZ+RD5Vo wAGIch4a0BSccC41UQkZ4AELoQ9jhgGZMBAfEB5uhQHcs5nVaZ1H2C71MmyJM33qYB7rQBfrcp3j SZ7OWI5SJxiENAAjJzqedZ5794Nu54GYgnjnOQlYpGoFgXlyByOiA3jwWZ4lGBAAOw== ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C9C8B3.95D623B0 Content-Type: image/gif Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/MediaObjects/11060_2009_9864_Fig2_HTML.gif R0lGODlhiAEEAfcAAAEBAQwMDAwCBw0LFRwAChQABhMTExwcHBsWFxgPFA0OIxYVJxsbPx0gPiIA DisAEyQGFCAVHTYEHDAOHjkEHyUaJiUcMS0fNjcNITsFIDoLITQTIzoSJj0WKT0cLCQkJCsiJiws LC8nKysmODErLjIjKz0lMD4uNjUsNDQ0NDw8PDY3OR4eQyUnRikxUjw8QjU1Rz09Uz09XTQ0VC4u XTY2Zzc3aDs+Zzo5bDs7cDxAPj5EQT9HdUQJJkoLKkcIJ0MSKkIaLU8RL00UMFQNL1UNMFoPM1cU LVgWLlESMVgVNl4XOloYM10aOlYYNkYlNUI0OkE7PmAWOmIbPGAWN2UPOUc4QG0XQWwaQmYbQHcf SnkdSnMaRX0jTXYgSn4kUENDQ0NDT0tCR01DSEtLS0RKR0FBUUdHWUlJW01NV09SUFJLTldPU1hP VFRUVFlSVVxWWVxbW1ZZVUtRTkFBakVFaEREckhGdUpLelpaZU5QelphXl9kYWNbX2VeYmBgX2Vl ZWtrZ2tsa2Zlam9vcG1xb3Bvb3Bwb3V1dHZ2en19fXd6eHBvcVFRi1ZWnU5Oj1tbpF5eqX5+gWBg p2Jiq2xsrm1tvWdptGtxumlwt3B0vnV4xH6Afn6BgIQnUYQoUoosWZMqXZEwXJsvZJcyY5kyZJ81 aaE2aqQ4bag5b6k3bqk7cKY6cLE+drVBerNBeIB/gIGBfoSEhIeHiISIhoyMjIeIh4ySjo6WkpSU lJadmZubm5aZlZOTjZegm5qhnp2loaGhnqOkpKSqp6ysrKWrqLOzr7W1s7e3uLq6tbq6urW4t66z sIeH54yM7YeJ6o2N8I+S8ZKT9peX+piX+5yd9Zqa/peY95KT7p2g96Cf/6Oj/qmp/qKj97Oz/7Gv /8G/wMLCvcLCwsbMycvLxMvMy8PLx8vRzs3T0NHRy9PU09bd2d3d3djX2NDPz9/f4Nvh3t/l4uDf 3+Hf4OLi3uLj4unp5+vr6+Po5uzw7u/z8fDv8PLy7/T09P7+/vf49yH5BAAAAAAALAAAAACIAQQB AAj+AP0JHEiwoMF/AxEeVGiwocOHECNKnEixosWLGDNq3Mixo8ePIEOKHEmypMmTKFOqXMmyJUJm 4ASWEwRIHEF8iAa1a8mzp8+fQIMKRWkPkIBd/s59ELYrBTt/CN0oyrWCIdSDEK1aTZiV4FaBX72K xfpQa8OwXNMWRAt27Nquat2elRuXbFu7c+vedWgWL96wbK/qFcyX7l6O99SVyeXvGGN/KpQJVKci KjPCQzNr3sy5s2eNfh5DXQRGobjS/gDVglqPnbLXsGPLnn1stu3br2vj3g1bN+/dvn/fDi6cdnHc xI/3Vm47OXPnyqEfl16cunDrsc9lROgHl0BmYxT+7btqDoxAP7z8qUMkJwRNQPDjD5IfH/58QPMH 3bfPvz99/PjtV99+AgIIoH4D+lfgffkVqGB9BjaYoIEU9ichhBQuyB+C/xEIIYMBYpjhhxsKCKJ/ FoaIoYcTXpgiihGqOCKMIHL4YoUx2siiHyrYgxF3qykDhjoD2bPPPymcY08ITyGkjCCfRSnllFRW +ZAbT12E0CCMIRICIGqAcU8iivhDjAovpHeVMn5AhZBCb171Zpz/1CmnnXLmaSedcwpG55138gmn nm7q2eegf+7ppqBtJepooYgaGuikhB4KqKKVQroopYlqemicmSpaJ6OXBuYZn/5gqdGe+NTjaqH+ /txzT0HiAGLlrbjmWtI/xMxSSy61/BpssLkAO6yxyP6arLDHLosssMlCOywvsxqkakvg2Krrttx2 S9E9cjBzzLjK1IYMMuaOOy666rbbLrvuqgtvvPSiq0wcNllbD0/gtOntvwD/i48sVtZi01bXqoQQ OHxgFvDDEEdpTyII2TPGDmeYkbEZaMAAC2GjWsQQo6DiidAs+RaU8ErZRuzyy53ZowhC7MwATTM4 4xzNJHkI1E85DLWTZcj7sPPPOX026haobaHckBv7YqstzFRX3dOYNMdQjTbWdF0NN5sMIhMAav5j QBkGCfmPH9VqRIyaTlubJUsMW2333SjhM7P+P/TE0PXf1lRjib/iBBCHQMgc4EasvNRCpJBm1rlL MOKUY085yuSCD1TCGOwPPuWIU4vRaqQwqywpE+QGPDzV6jDesMeOkT2LCMSO34Bbs40lYvsjpBpE IgLI4mUwUksU+4gzxj8h2BOHagYg0o4BtQAyRmpxCBOCOOocsAgiKuDjRvj+oO4w1DwpM7Xs7Lc/ Ee0I9Z277rwLdIwcsOTyjxvClPHPMfUoxwrUUQ4w7AMMx6hMagTRjg98LgX7OIY62pECYbSDBP3w RwrawQttxU1lc0sJQlznvhKa0CDw88ftcjcNwfUOGW4Qhx+IUYgC+gMRaoBFCNpRngMSY3H+/qgF Itxhnnqs4B6KKIMsKkgZgaiAHR0UyAdVF0KVqO+E3NqKqbDoEJnR7AzVmF/YEGceOaBAHOIgQzlS 4I96gICHBkwBZYikAkE0ER+RUcF4VhCMdqxAICuA4h+keDCVRY0lJOSilLaoSJF5kW8xkAY0pBEN SVqDEj3zHRmCeABN+sMPYIiDClCmhn1URRlkiMMHFqEYf9hDBfcYBBgAMcvTCOQF6gDHB4hkPrm1 zl+NjJI4msQMXmxuMrmYxWWCKZEU3iMMGjuDNM9QBxgkAiwZvFQ9EHKPPfFKGepwA2PG449+1Kke s5pVNu10jwxOcSArU0nLGMnMlhBDAMT+8McsDPCByiBEFh9wAyLqGZGJgcUe9EgoPeYxD3rUg5wZ mYUapELPhjgNYYcUoT9aRtDNxBIAx/DHAYLhjwBI5oaAIAZEO2oQfNROSz15p0DimZIrsnQzAchn TkuaT3/EYQWKu2lDUvgPYfDiqLzQRVJzkbrBmESmqapiShIpVKHs1ADCKOkyzfE/AVS1II+sRwV+ 4IOylpUIDwCiesABDq7WRSHt8BGenOoQ82GUJU5aH676Qldu7RQQIVClO9zwD0WkYAdo++pAkCiQ eDxBFalgBSomuwov+AsfH4jDIMQQB7YgBBY97QhUaYoS11U0M/g4gGTE8QEDzAIsgwj+wAdOGjBA lCNWiHBDOfohpn0Awg8+UqxA8EGxNpqgFMhN7imy0IfhQhCQ5vBdLSSzj3Kooxa3BQeR2GGwcoCu HbmgrUR6CcLW6bVKzEgBACSTAkQowwBEYgYA1tNJ4baPdo01ASmSi1xUYKG5nyMBM8qxi+sNQwW8 KMMx+hECP8giBPgIDWQQgYgPlCNMuQhBaCNyUUOm77xU2kc9BCCZ9fpDAMhQYYoHwcaHmcybr/tq CuNxXP6S4hT/Fcg9RCCHQZChDPcAAzL+wQwyLEk7bxCGIYbxw3KmwB1kIKktQGzRps5UqiYZIZWp RGJ/mNjEUPHDB3ZiX/alsB4mGAX+f0vhXwDj47n+UEQeVMCGiUpvBT6SAzEEMYxgQMmn5SCDZGYh ti2OFssnsamuTJyCRYgDAeVoxz/AEAJ1rLRb5ViEIja9aUlwWhaI2DDEvnLagu4NzfstBSlWjWM3 w1kOtXjDMPyRC2IgyUdwGIYhguGOF6gwBFCWzJQpYlcPSy3GUzKp7z4QgFm0QwDMCMABDqCCf53s AVlYghSkoG1uL2EKPThcmV156sdOdrKmeIUXAHwPFJRBDmNokzjKoIYxsGMfsPQpMRDBmFmUIQ4H cIcawPGPWkDJ0FZOVUblueUpdRMs5DTnPu5hj7Z5CxdLaMW5N46KVXhC3KMuZkb+leG5j0wMIWKV AAVWTgEJAIEAQPyHiNmxL4T0w2hQOZKbzFkPYriDGGIyJ1Sy2ZVDfwQtI9tow3SVdGQDrBZKOMWq Va3qVaNCCyAHGEIWwc+qSDEAYAiAmjois4GoYxxoP8c5zIH2qJkqLPsQxPNu65cqnw/RESn1QDg6 boUFUQmoSDV/R3EKrLvMACQ9QE/jYJ4UlEnvBbmHHyrHPXVY/vKWTwcazWEOcZBDHJ0PHehB3/nO j74c7igH6jdfetJTHo2hE707BpFw9GUEHWTexy+EsRWmrHSeuCoHM5ZBr2UsgxkL99YtAC94/p7C C1kPGBhWUAsAZNUf5ZD2B47+2ZF/7IIWtZiF+GdhC/GXX/zh9xX61R+s9fuq/elXP/vbL//w23/9 veA+FTFyj1wgACk+5QeaRRCC4AbDQxB8dytW8ABBAAQO+IAdAARDQACvBXmdAXWBt2bIVXiHY4Ge wQ76EQDLVAablAKF5i0euH8XgQ+8EAJIYUv/sAJkxg5eBwaFBHy3MgaekAqn0IOmgAo9WAqroAS0 4HRWghAY2HzKtQXRBzAdBAgHwCuyIAsIsE+MkYJcgSqwkjSi0iiWgiowtoWw8jTJJxFAQmviVgYn ZUupsRoL03CdgRBjsAVSl1yrpmaoQAQVGDBJqIGlcApM6DLtAAhxcFu/YCv+slAGY8dFpDURcbAa uZCGa2gebagegkAGIeAgEyIinLginfiJnDgIFeAJpuCHbLYEKWAIoIgjq+iJrtiKoQgfgrACTXAK pmgKnvABg+AHsNiLIqKJvgiM9SEImyYIfoAIigAIyCg8vtiLwgiLmviMn2giEOIHePYjqcEY6pAC MhdIzmUPMXhbeaUpWwgnJVMygEKOXRgy5ugnctgFtqiBpMAKREAw3tSO5eiOfpKOLwYW7fiPSvNi SAh4plh4crApAMmPjnKO/tiQCamFmPIpdWJOdXIk/0CR7BiQDBkp/aiO6MiF+LiODSmG5RSQhbI6 2OgHr3VDZAAGtYMIryX+C2KgBn82jrcih1tgClO3ZqlABEWIhZmxfBmogagQiH23GbKQAB+QL/fg BgEwQFdShhPRDsf0D2g0GWRmDspgFVRlJXNYh0Tpk0ZYJQOJCn5ICqZgeC4mC4rgaWwZC7CgCGzJ lhYHMOoAAOYwCy2WC5WRAosTFo3oEWEhQ3vlD2MAj6aICknwk3wYdUq4gUYZMPUAAU3QBEtwmZfJ bZZJAEQClJlRDgCAD8MAANxUcAdwGYCJdzAlEQnolTl5lnlYhA8jlI/JZlpwkA8TDx2QChx3bqew CkCADhHzD4NwACgQAAxBDAewkmTIL3DIGQghBojph7E5lgXDfH7IgRD+Ew8bYIdUV3WmgAHCOWrE oD47UHGxsDgp0IFPo5oi8YbWuRnSWYryWJ2eCRQIIZQFqZYBw52muIHiOZxQeADqkAtjxmze6BCB WRKmhStzaJbUKZaziZ0aqJ33GRT10J3/eQoB6jL2kEH/MCv/AI4QsaAkoWhkaZh0aIo9yZgo+HdD uWaA2ITdUg8d8J9/2KFYZHt+15VVIgYrSp2LCTF9WKGRCTD+WZs3pqMnZKIjgaKuGY9h6aL/goEF yQU0yi34sAH0mZ0BeqH4eQ/5MKZkKiv3sA/5gBZOKhI+SiVz2KVrZp+NCaFrdmNH+i/cCac2xqHj GTCDUAJQAAUnMKj+hHoCUAACqKkvv1SYb5qYYgmmPZGfBJmd0LedGlqQTPova8AFoxAKpBAKneqp oXAKPqALCuqeI4GDXtkFeppc1TmhMep8/AkwW9qqyHVjG9CnANMGK9qqQ+gLp4pXG/WcnXGYtspm j2ptMFqb2vkw8HCp2SkBwgmpPvEGQVqnq5AEwPoVPLoSUDolOEmncSqhAaOf2Wl41NoTGYqjfAox 1poKppitptqe5qUrD8qiyfp0FCqjd+otGaqTZ9muD2OtUmpjrDAEwNqcK2GTR6iix6qYVOotRSqj s/ov67qhmeotbDCddZoK2vo6axoSDZqD1zquEbstkhqrylWx3lL+qxg7rQGzsQVrhx6bsIraEm0a Je/4sEUgm3P6mHaapdviny8LMRsLsB17BPPqSy3xrW76mhF6sky3rOcqtLqypf+5pLr6L2ywBeJK s0NgqtyKqiChZYzqBQ9LriSRrg4xsbJqtbmCtUX7MF2rsqqWCmGroFJpEk47JcbqqFK7LeZap80q mdBKuF8as6x6lh67tOWVhbviDzkrJY3qhx4buBwhPh+ACAxRCyHAuSRBm1Ubn1TyrMeao1ursRxr YzWrtx/GqItLnT07EggxfcoQAATTGAdgoKsREmXJrP3aLXKLqanbLUfLuB87tgNRD8jAZEDDoMTK GZU7paRbEbP+AAbEEAInNYupYR5g6rZLCLe44rLEa7QlC7YAyLS8IAAA0L4A4D8naithcQ+qpw6H 9DPBxRM4mbaYuxG7cABqoFoCwWKp8UffO6kViqUQk6G1CaAwCzAyy7gI67r1EABlIAzMwAyKAADM uR0NMbm5YAAhIABA1A9kIAC79BP3KqT9i41f4g+rJEUhkCrseXQwGrDByy1JWpATULzcUrdAi7fb 6kugOShusAbVm3e+I79zoQ4WJhDnEJofsIfC+pWwObskQQzaNz1DFgLTRnciMbgyWqkPU6tKyqHa QbddYLek0Lr0yg4CIAiR1g7CYAC1YyrsIA51WV35OxCECRH+ZfB4rvQBhLy3KGHFUZvEFKEOAOQ7 PoIPx0BmIyG6FcqywsulGJvGAeMGORnESSC2+oIQG+y+ANA8EgF0ceAGkmwPZTA+REIQkyu5BwBR a+AG6mAAi9gSiKyBqTC7kMq2DwG+G2jJ3HKx5QvMLNEGsduxE0yvk9E54cVIK5BPZbCHyahPwDSO 7BgycaAGAqEM5qACY5B9VzgqXygq6FwqkBIn8+mo9kgy6xzPn7Io5mzO8vyF68wos4DA/NqB2+yP JHPO+Xwp91yOAX0Vz8quGDAO9KzOAknQMBbRDo3P96gpRxvEefvPtrcPuxAHrcxKSrwLH0AGKSwQ Y5BibOj+x3/mEHJwfYYgNm5AAh1cxctssor8Gbmwr7IKTADzr3MbMHDgtWepCkMwa87sBgAQAAZg AABgAOIIEbWwCOyACEhRu6tVbbajCHEQAoqACIuQCIgA1t9DJl2NjIqwCHP5PV791d/z1V4t1mBN YYvg1hQG12Ot1m5N12QCAp9wrKcwBSoAamEt1nKdCHdd2G9NYW8913EtCIhQCBQG2Yqt2IaN2HS9 2GGN12BN2IoABk1gt3/oCSEw12Gd2HJ92Zs91l6N2IS91nFd2myd2Zb92oxN2bId14sACIcroxyw B11N2LGd17SN2phd2Yl92bFt3MKt2Mmt2Zlt2CVAirX+iQpKsANlXdldvQKbc5e2tg/9YA8fwMQP oQIoTYn+IAiv1WQIIWK74AbzoA7ugHnxrQ7pIN/wPd/2Dd+Yt9/8nd/9vd/zoAJf4NdKUAj4UN/9 jd//bd/twAwQUAVLAOGXWQVGAOFVQADCwA4L7t8L7g7wgAg67apdUAbroOAbfuIozuEpfuLtAA4c oNDEoOH8beIpTuMdvuL6fePqIAYDjrycUA/9TQb7AprVghBk8JcQgQhgIAxgsAvtACXmgAK8MM2E IQ6907BAeqwtetMPsQ5PsAqn0JuU9QRPDRK4EOKqlpbieyt52sACGzBv8AVfe6t4CwzBeg/MBgiC MIv+1meEvLII+VSgAiEOixBSBWFTW9EO5LDojN7o5FAO4zFXKtHOiZyCVqEOHvCdfhgEDF22VEuU 6Nqfu22HaMzlndG1SMu6nwyyWSIOL2AAAiBbMy2Yw9oQQTYDdCADui4Dua7rNzACiJACB0DIwVUL BlABRj0S02tjEGvqDYHpYLnpnR4SwvyHxDy0GsqsGKDJEAy1RLnqCvsPuZACBnAAgEC2e9F0BaGq OnYG0rAN8A7v1SDv3tAIvdAO7XDktmN9vBAAddl9KjqzrkoEtuDsBqEOHSDwysXpvnvDo5ubmByw GWu8cn6W2TrEj4vU/HQASQ3GNtym93AGzmAN1ED+DSRf8tRwDd3QCOlRDgeQJfeQVcGAnCSx7Pz1 qiGBDh6g8BsYBB7/EVaanTm8LcMrj6WOzCvBBgMOtBcfrNwtc/uAWeINEk4b8tDANfMzDdxg7zRc EMZu6A3/t5UeEpiuZv/J8BcqxrKKmwFT9BU68T/stUCrCh9Lr0ROEPoOpm1qD2cADfPTNdOwDY2A FB+QT/+wE4hgAFtJrTbvqr5M9ibA88jF8GGM5jd27bpCD6OuXHC/LREsj6yw6ty6L3geAINAYSrQ 50869QJhD2iADX9vDYHfCMFgDwBQcwEwDK1FyP/OEfsLuAZfEDov+aXg8w1f7afQBWtuJeTrpT7+ 7PmsyvTNLDcjFALu61q0K7kgxvd+//fUIPjpcUgfeg/4wA74wPhCLbs+CxIIf6ylaPwiEfSVvPxV 0vyI+8Bc+wUKTwpE7bgqyBoAoY7dvXvq8PlDmFDhQoYN/SkD5O/fwntnoFnDmBHjtG2NeCGc6FDk SJETx2w5VUrlSpWoiNCSSFKmQnUeTpFiyfJUkHEzfU6spQQVzpylTmmJ41PpUqYk4W0oqhMDuqZV rS5ls8VU1FKohuyKudBNvYbsAHxwo+xqQ3F+GvKzqE1jRmrcPK61ejJlVJcw8S5E12Fv1J09/yoM OrQoqaNJDz++ig8qV6NTIV9uyuYLqqikViX+8eXQDbuG/RIdm8fssriIDO1ZnEu3Yy9/+fT103c7 9+2Ql/Vy7Rv2sLogNykHKSf87y0lg3Oe2uIY83SZ9DZs7XzKMnXuItto7azqq2jSIO2xe9dv+kRw bl3Djm2NIx4EUKCcOHE/v/0SiZT//S2qVJKAqbe/0LGJJexW4gkz5hQr6pQupOuuwoQko6wyqizk 0B/NTCGKJVIGDM1AhMZCSJwQAGAxAEWoA6e1hV6Dppr4puHGDiJGCSUUUnzsMZRSqqDwL5PA46sI vyCraRTKTEEOMqCEClEnLeT4r0PMrMtQuw217C4rCEUkkTx/7DnAAEEWWeQFAMAyEa8Y/6v+qMYb ubnjCFZUWnArVLhwzzckiwouzqvUMcG5nKDsyVCrEqtyJeiwBLM7DLlibLtKqWOjC+NyGnG8hkbz pxwA7lGIDDemm5OhipyxMTaO8hxTpyuSctSqMrpYMKdCIUNQ0ZyifGxKzghDalPuLuXKS2U55bWz VIYokSEU1QFAmIn+aeeDiHKtqlWK0LAzNmq2obWUXlU6BYsi8TryU1+TsCXLQwXLkFjIEssuumen e2rdlTL98t/HOgVxsQF1MdMfNwAIAAEDIFaHVT7otCjWuepKlzB37b3qJIFLISW4y4KNdCVGQa7q wWaTNRgyZgmzDNyYlRIz5VBDG7U8f3L+UeGDEAbxuVh/2mvoHnLjs4bjI2qV9Io+WK5Kr5S7eolq poLN1zDIHrwaundvtkqykUl2luy/OhWW5DLjRNEfcVYIgMUDZoFRRoWUjkZjjc6lNexbL4uXq1Sy tnmpmtrmU18j/YGUMH8TV3ukeiZrVtPKrWJbWtDMRFPNRRJRIdvpWEv6DFhvRPdpUlJmRWqtmTrp 2KIOX/Kxxa82qsHL+EV27M2Vigeqqwke/qo3uoDa7SQY7rnUU0Hyhww1Zv/poW8pUp1pHANfDJXB KZ+pcL4QBzbB45IzOvIIt6A0+abM5j1t+ZnKauQRP4ebLGy1/cc/2OEt7CkFda7KGOv+8rSn8A0O M2JACXAIhBl1dCBhXPHdvqi0GAkJ734jKR5lkPdBrGzBdmSiVsMeFgAD1M0A7jhdoPaWQHO1rnld uUIeCuiTABEKfbpTX1SglBzyzQRsoCoZzEjok3p0oEs1w4yKDIA3hLRjBQiQBbTkNbCFNeweuXAD GMqAiIoR7mh6S8irmOa0G4rPgyEblK9+eBh0FIcyO2Hf1zYYISUuUSbFO5uGqJOCOOwiDvs4UVoM II7psE1nb7MWWRxSRKUgDYGrkxWe9HQ1N+6QJEc626+A6KTjeO0xwHsfrtZDSbxIhneCxMw9ArCC EFDRHwfIhT8Q8BFWkqRzCvtc9MD+BI6LuYpcfsvI91yXslPIDjNjiFb4snYZRDFOXQ3qZUOMpbPG YGYiwTjAB6RjjzIEIIvTCSGmtHOO6dwjW8oAQDsQgkt/GICXl3GkwkRlLdKoIwVlAIMKVACGFNgS MnMyEd+QuREbCk6VkIFmKOd4oCBGxXGHcd9z+ggZSQiiHPKcyCIqII54TgcfHHhiwYr1AWJgyx0H AQMg6mEAtWAmK23bWZZQhI8DAMAAP52YIGYXQIYYSlwKodFCm6bJE9rqjU05UlNXYjJgAcGapbjo XzJqpaeWZCEhmUgcDhCCYcSEGAsII3UuJ0L7XYYYLZQFSUv1gQDIEDL548pneGb+rXkgBB8AAIc/ +tEPosoEESpwQx7/IQgVxAFV1DtqQpKqQD01S3bZFAk0GSfK4XggkCszmssk11WFTEQcAfhACiQp BwOEwADB8EcwxCELA4AEDIHwwwEee5l0Zk6lkLHHQf5xEH/cQ5KN/MIWVeKZFI6qrwgBRBmVMouk KCOXE8nFGPwhCEQsRBkX21ZIJisrGwInC6rcVlh6YyCwlhaUwFGSRNZLPeqlt74xmQjKSolf+qo3 Iell7zb5kqzC/pe+6c1FGcRRjm2VQx21QABpeEEMYSTAH/hoBwDEgS2QCse+8z1wfwGpTgw0ir/+ VU57+1tYFoOkwChm74oN/I/+X4JKFc878UTc8FyruAERgJCFek5EjIeAYSHgECpD8lGHcm1Mk8pt yccwW1R/iAy+BYLMOiq6qAw+JhfN4eZGZ4KIEKgAEQZSATIQgowDHIDIBmCGMAxwN7Wi9I6a8+NI 3vAF/bEiCcBwyBt4/OKZpMAP7RhjTMCgFnEYGSH2EEctyCAOZCBDGZdWBjGsEI015qiyhOGCGMph aUyX2tSnxjSplYEMcZyAz8BRAh9GjWpa1/rS4tAFvo6TC3Ecw9a/LvUxWNMEqbakC2AQB7BNLYg4 yAIAsxi1ORjxAUyLg8LJFoawgyGMZCvb25geBuZoxotef1vZxzgGM9Ctbnb+q1vV5v61FV69mBsX otumLsNxq0IGRqsgIXGA7THKkJB67AIRK9hFLhSucF7YAgbSWGPrcHoKLyB84RfHeMY1vvBdkMAT oVwCGYRRi42XvOS8WMQGis2uDiAi4SaHOcZ3oYYmQFldX0gBL2J+cV6kABCSEAAgFqHwAwB84bx4 uc5xsQud79zpR+fEddTJgUW8/Okm34UbCIABCXRdAhPw+gQcEIKrOz0F87axE+Rg9Yu/gLil8kPF CO2QXMShHWSoxT3AwowUuKMMtfDuIJLG5E6DL0LjE5T+OPsXLQcSq3n08h5ZMgpUEDh7uUAAAgAB DwDUox8BgOG/ekszdhr+TRdNWIUpVG8KVKz+FZ4gLVPeoBWdeQXQoyKLaQHwIqX8IxdkyOIBeaEG g7Jne715Td/iA7inWfahBv4q9EUihmgSKr65MlT2/YGgz2KztJPUpoFRKaJumkjFDMEHaf5RjwCy I4AB7Mc9cNOPfeAmN/S37/ejH/6YjB5U6+yv/zC/8MOFJFgFnTEFLYAD/ZM+AXQIzWge5qoWAyMV hCiHDxAAFSiDgjodNHq0uKCsG2qX5/OJciCoOAiJdnADFVAGNTAh+MKbKWMIrmmWLjsM5rA5sfEk mQAEFIiCFbAPKABC+4gCEKgpyFirO/stvCjAVOAkBWyk6iMT/omkmBD+hgA4ABYCAEIYKvDzLg8s LvioIcN7DgdiCl4AA2IghpAIATCQhAOIAE+gDKoCohtSiay6CmN5mdj7r3ZIB3RIh0AMxHJIB3VI ByjgglIIkh4RhR4ZhQwohh0EIScisSW0ionAhSNwQiRKwAW0KU/xnL0SC5/5ByF7PzOKrA+EBrkw F6YSHLuSiYmQhRBwA0ZCCESoB1kSAFCYw4nCC3SwqleyweWQPJaoPD5ECHAYATqwAhlwxme0ghuQ gQj4hJTok61YhR+IRN7agFdqq8PABaHoDFTYAk/EJ1DUJ7AQpkeTBQU7wstAKO5xBu9pKL5AvOzZ hUUwBANApCryltr+AQ5fXIvFeZIokUHxE0fJiR+fMAY74IZqqIZu2AZr2IZq2AZt2IYRkMKBUYUf KKuDVAizUUJJJMAk2ERQqTxzvKsI0qcJVIi4OZMPYBFhQIB3fIwDMrA6YcW5UCYGipCPaQpxIId5 AAB7sMAPyCIrWwxWuL70sSY8wozx0wl/WYpksINtuAb50MqmoQZrGAGWJJQe+EjIGLHswLO/wAUn uKFObCQTeqRg4icr1LAQKIcywBKQVAiISJ2LCMFmkTKmIIYACAAdqqU4AAAVSIEEAAXFiy9q8gBS wiBTusGE/D8x86qGnEimsYYL8AScSgWxxAz/e46zZEInSAWuYMv+T4zAMoke7AqAewiBdoiDOSDJ 8MPJGVrFEBScqemlcmCGiVAGdSgHNTyGs5MoLNOdRClIEzulYpQUyxyJZbjKadDMEkBHlATNyxBJ syy9w8BEkwwbKLQp2gMmhumfhBgHAFiBAxgDARCG6dDL9+DLTFoghzKjiApI5KSjLRsWyIMXyFHL MENGf7DKbaBOptHIzQJNvPSrbhxJBvWHtDxNZFHJg2GeR2quuEyIWmihABC8DkwdTOJJVxQiLNAh Snq/FH0/RIKgzZomYNE1whhGvDiiVNohzDzQ+LiALqCMzywrbgykb0RLJTjJ5yjHKISyUFFHDU0I dmip9dCeEFX+qllxnahghSrQISmpMvL0If38C4JcHy2Vyufkw4lIhjswUM3kTMVbUCQUt/8jzUuM UPAkDC+o0MO4KQx1yYSASX/ghYkJgO4CUQRSPvrcJFAjQZJgB0VgEzZRBERQhEdVBEkQgY/jpMZk EpsQRsnUKudkF+gUCRxV0858pB7YRjdNKcz4siK1kjv9Cze4ThSCHiYlqQ9QhNLJJczQy4RSnSmt R0LhgkQdiWNgAUqAhGNFVmR9hAhYzPyszYYIDGsaomdliK0i094j0KtUKowYATkEDlOl1oXYTpqh CggtQBEUz8toA095yyUdxZjIhc6TCLQIVwO7zTSiIScjQ53+CFamQAY84AaJ5IZt2IaBJdhqsIBP OBvcqdeEAFMZ9U9iXLluqsqr1ExrKAE+46Q2fYwk9C0tLcBVaJYjVU2dEQ9RfMnjKocDSI57+ADA 09XtwU3vIdEIqQLeVIpjuEpq4Nmu3AhrgAYQsNTz8dJf5E+WmFE5tdZPHVCr1IZpyNG50MiFzU6Z eVPyi9OraMKwsdO21J8uak25+akd6KkVGCgIbYu9nFKmgkxjPC9sVQY6mFJrkAYL+DgJyp3O6j7m xChPZQxQdYhkoIM0RdDk+tYfZYo4+IC9CYFF8Ad4sLOPvYxcoNP3cVW8wKt01CmfEQYBSJM5a6EP 6MfDuFf+VfRVWmlbScECnPUJnd1WurXbC/KVpmSK4FIIdiAL7suXiMWLpTUKwI2+Ao3audhR2TVG jvUJZZAYhdgFAOiup2ArKHqMra3Ty10LCJSWDBULfeOQ+ByX+dyY8iIMZ1IKZeABbfDZ2IgGoT3O qsgwMgAJP2ChXIAHTQ2bpL0K39XBItLZzGQazpzDqv2JOKiFAGjSg4uIgBnJywjZzjCFrsWM5VnN fXpXMCndMGyyv2Eq59uhY6CDnVTf2HVWVgIEA4Bff1AHFdgHXDCA+r0qPFRaT/3dprWD193Muw0f 5JUJRYgDYihKhBgEWQAD+IXeBWYK7StAVQAOLxjQmcj+XFCZFvNk0g5J24Q6pvi4BvE9PNb9JH84 hjtAX6ap26G1vqIliXxkLPnyh8CcBXgQjE11EMo00gE1hjuw4eI9XGwFhBBIAQDIhX+4BzdIgRYi hny42oER0qroDcqdWJLFpxcEJpTlU0n6h3QzxbfzzjNKGjQo1Lm4hpotwwFVBjtmmmoYY+OdKoEU iX3AJTIIAYWohzhQATeWVoPUIBHs1+xJhjrw3/jo1q/V4S4+BgCop/f0Bx1wCwX+WFbihY9QiFxI DuolFAg+xyRlTQ0FBBaJg0GYGJl9jFQMQxHVCCpdy79s3Z1lmmgQ4STJW5moBzdwgzZrB3BgBgQo B0P+CAF2iNEIgeH8lWNEpkqlsEobzlhUJhlUCOZY7CvP8ytUEU1jpABLHAlkOMyYUAdEAADYugUD fBnrvYp8gmIqfFds8YMrVM8UcNdv9maEUKM72depAsry8WK51UxpYF9OUmWvQoRDAgB2EITWOod1 2OeiwF+o8ocafQ4mxtYz7eXYmFrDEeDD8NjwmYDu9IlAJoMUiAllADqw2GhWfU6P5pxY5SLtTVnp SY5/6g5xKJKJqAhOoyxV4CRznollQNP0nQt1VlhnNWqHeNiiWBkIRWquYopj4OWLHYHkqr2o/ouZ AewNsOqZUIRcqIUKEA57mlOw5pN0vSt2BaaU5lP+0jCVikmBN2hYhgDnljbUlUuFe+ziuH1dvW5f FPUw6tEvDOLdtRhTpmWKM73jjZyqhB6JweKHfuCH4i5uwlqHyOULCmAn8rmHAyAoAyiPiTiAj/jq 8BTrqrip7N3TEyELU1GGfQgBNRCgfIBPMKyT063SnxTW8HPdmo7dqxkQM76KxoPj9vlnSQnoc25q 4iXrlfBRbM2FFTiDMAgDM0DwBT+DFZiA6JVobToGZIhne1gBeaon7E4CEXTklTwbvRKN8GaRERcA AHALyokTQ7ng9V6+X32O1d2hUa4GvMYIajBlu7U5VMBUn2AHdTMGdDOGIA/yY8iFoe7POEbXMiX+ UJrWzAQdR+F2CEZwBKCNhmiQBiuXBmighkuYgKfM2pGwLn8IBOKCtghVggPkIM4+GMWmNxyLnnoA BEGQc0EghJI2owumkcJbpsMb0P7VTGzo1l60b4dYhBbAgztA9ENH9DvAAxdQOd6ZVgjVX+BliC/+ 74zQBus06FL4zFP1iUSgBG6gcYzYBkx48Eo84gaE18rVqCaWiRoTEVYYglmt4LW454XgBTIwKITw XtxUKuZrI9eWCdcd9a6EBhwfYZlGhFA/WIsk2ILVBAywOVKY1ssY7GvVZVJucuA+aHBFcX9IhEkg 3LnQBkzAgFTtpfwjKmnWqO3ODLRDIUkG7wv+g9RIjVREILJY3ECFIIa+UwOY3eqVLi40EGfZWCC/ ZF1wmYgvfl1sWGdCoZehmghEiAQD7cpp6NksxoQNeGEi8sLsmfTnw75steHENuiSgfLoC/dLP5eN /ywMeO6Pzz+R4AVWR2Q11xqbAekplOJ3NZURB4ASF3iGkAVZOGGEiIP3RIaBUwhw+NDv/fUN9pj3 pjJlsNifrXFrcHgcRsmcjj5EEPdS3viV6x2Pf5xwTPLevvr/DfCW8EimWPkWN/UMQYUvLypJiPNB 0HtBGAQ5HwRGWAFi0+7pmD1rhst3/QcHKwcHqwd3wPCR2AVhSGHqeYF+S4h9uIdhkIN7YIf+zu98 fHAHM5jHFn9pdrkCN9iHzq+H1cdd3K2H1u/8exAGO2gaMX54XzGCReiH1n/93n993meHfgAEShh3 jSh1jhfGY7iHd+D931/951f95o/+178HRdhvdtkCNTgP6fd91X+HewiG6VTTti8ZH8CF1EeP3od9 4L8HQaCEbS33U88cZOB89Wf9d3iHeoCHeOB/fFiBSQCITZYEbiI40AUTVqRKMWxY6tQWNvjYsZtX j129ixovVtyIESPHjPXCdDnl0KGqJLbufaSYkUw9fzJn9lNWBtHMnDn7hRAE6ECumWqY+VMGZia7 WXFSyFLk1KksQTCmVbNm9aq1a9zuHEH+tfDkwy0hZjld9PQsWlly8FTFilWaBU9gG55aomOWWbR5 Fe21teLSNrdWr1WztMHrXIYe4sjaq5fv072Sn8oC08TkXFOeQpx1jJavLDd1tl0TfPVCya8nUQ1R 07Ts586zVACeZnobJgymEpM6hQEQLM+xE7FS1EIaN2vbqlarFpgbHicK5576QuJx7MjZYZP4hPkk KVROypD9vMLezH/iABkAAADnP505/ykTJuuDMnvu/OU6Kgj+TMoAIp8/95wBjWnWTLMNV6iMMgpY rFzRB4EVynSMHdvYZho0Fnyy21yoEEGLhfLFh0gkgQlGFSaHqXbSKUGMUyKNJvpTixL+qCR2ihdx 1KhTMne0leAIJc0VXg/D/JhTIpOoKJg2mEyQGEO+neNPfEvy0Mw11ChIDTUbbsMDE4iBhYoWcCy5 pj9sdAEieKkk4QuW8rnBjj/71JICAAh8YIA4a5bjRlFlYImICnHso9N6deZkoDNDYjXNVl292JAp V+ThKI3xKUOHpFfZBteHiaUyIqc1LpLihm7htoEqlzoURDls/nhLjrKG5eOS8QWpYYLWlPDFKbqi kmSqFsbX5JNYURPlBN+B5xs6tlrxTKhXVUPmdA6RQoopWshh649uStsQKXLSSaAbMY0DgAFB5RJA lmvWK9O9AQ4on4HQZKsgg0d0u1r+FmrmW+IxQrbqFjZxmWJsEiT26g+KzYqKGwbFJmaKjORieXB8 OOpI3Ra8rmlMhsFaU+S5DCGp5MEWLuKkl25Rg9uUVFJrqxnPJLggmanIGt4WanpcorlHpjLELhXe 6U87AQhgACBxGNDP0TQ2yu+B/1LKFStHooLFpjHbiEzKCUoDQqkhomq2Tieyalo1LbY8a61wsxmy E2bC2GOyJRpzh8rWoHZ3KakgO/HM29TsLM6IP4RBtWzu8Iw2pgFd5tBoGp01gWxscXe6Q9B58NP+ sJNLCO4FsMg7oNvYaL6QJkhNpaZAeOYVJi95DKiaWxONhw+7TaLeOlX8OFZ1H6b+M63ktuMGGMrg m2cc/+SSK8m+/5hMhsy7xXLnyCZ/fSKUOG6N+DjDCdbO58+0A4KmUbMtE0JnlqbsoW/hN7rU5bSY 5KQciPgAAAYkvzUJiECQ+tfNwGas3gXOQgmzGFaI9yFjve1HJ3KS5uqWMSqVomN7SwEgFAEA9PiD GSsAwD5ykQQA0oUL3itRfAbXnGAdTmmLW1MiUhQsKSGuN5Szls8SNKb8bYx//dOJm2hYinTNyWl4 MhExiPFERu1LJ/dAg7/sFzCFyOoUE7JXUUC1sLc4LDEiktiaKqa5V0mRIRyb0QKxpIx7zCIEi/JH OWoBw+0hjkc3pNGvVFYCI4X+6IdLYpb4ACYlEu6MTT0L1hL1Bz8nskkcIUDALGZSDzCAsk1bMF6c kqCLwKUuVcjQ4hb1Fbc8oSEaEKwUGXdHFwrmEUNeqwZcPPE+h7yxgjZCBAgFczO76Yoh0dsbIA9w FFHCkBfcg1/J0HgMtqiMfI2EmQf9AckVQauIlVyTGSKlxKDtiJNrUkEsxAGAWvkjDmVgBgLE4Qct SLF067ITAWdSjkUgUIGx9MfWvHig2wVsZPA7I5uUwYPMJYh4nkBcMSe2PLplAgN1fIgJ13SPRPyj HQAIKDuqeU0YZZNNyRiNylBDJcUpiU1BBJbNIqezI1qyGQy9AxNiRbLPrYn+Hfj4QwruIZMKBAUo gxid0pg2QJnUg3XuEUAg8nbQBnJNncrE5Y54uSbgUdQ0Fh1mQ06FvDimKJILysQGNJaYZ9orBAY4 ABn88QKcpDSGOXJjNnsppJgKU2zmC+dNbcY+aKHVZedc0iXnyC1d8Yioa8KHHCrAwgPgwh8IyMVT Sbe0VaIOT+1oDxnEIQsD5LGTBs2JPbomRq5gNAsUmljCtLHGqwQToxEz5ixRlBy6bSKuJAzpmvZB DGYoVRl506LIKAs4lw6WhxcdmuKKgUZm7XaZE2hslXi6pjM041/KsUOZ2mnZGv0DDOaoBwDU8Y9/ lAEQ9jDAMfwAVbBQ8Z/+OnlaOeAlCHbUIgBYO2h8Evoo2X5VgiHCgo/yqIzqLmxUcaFSMeUnt/UJ phodFWpmotdaZd3or/w9hQ21CdNgjUAubuyBdvPIXWVCi5LiXVIYfBosHqzUIadw55IGEYAADKgM cXjHAQIgh3+0Yb9xkiq7YvKPProHXvQ8KEJfO5PY1k8w1wiYXFdDQTZhCINWAWYbQ1QEOLKXYnNz y4LsBr0r22u+drYz1mxhYvil2KV2MK9VhoXK1Rz2kZMYbk6lBF4jVm5NOcYkt3ZUNI/NYx7xwQd6 7tEOmSSNv0s7nZ2uiCVxCOIA7gkllrmq0C7bDJcTjHA4P1WN3VqlYcL+5OBalyTHFTnPoXNB7hO3 52sftzSciWTxm0zlyE6JM5k2Y+xOq5VHK+h4RUusY2WfeK9Op9K/OWnlTJSLQuB6TMEz6VdZIdcg ykJ0rBNNkDaCOWhiokqjb3ZViz56R3LrZBeLiAXAAx4Lp9CiDE3AdrF/t2IiEevFNQUizZTpPt5Y yVY7aEYk2bdEELN0vf0TnWhVOVUCzRfLReni9fr1066EFdZtJmuwzurGDrZ513C2Blw5Dha6/uge MHgEJBwhdEcEXeiRaMBlpOvy71U3QaiZd0OOBU5Dc9hZNY62rbZkjX+NSQkD87EXPN6pfpCd7PM1 +z+47a1VVLG0Jq/+UIJRvuUDpfti66YOhPmdE18Kz6IYXbPeZ7JRxTKTSkCYUXLPoA1ubIPxjN/G NrrxDTINmy5bGBeZM1Qapyebv1K3FbOG+F2K3/hHMfCqaSYbIiDXSB1RCAPsYX+G2JMhDAjYIH9Z AWWAvt1Cql4wqydVKZ3v8pAIU1hFL+xGwGtUfZFcpnF31LEF7qMM0vjSNGzjpWlo4waco44WjE9y f4DPzKcp7DcDvyxn43v0Oyp9jcKAeldR/kg/FruFknGDaTgDGtCIhv/5XzQ0Q/HoCitUEbuIWu9x kQOdgTP8TKV4RRldgR+gETI0nWBoEEbRHLPZnFtoA1xJDsfQWY3+7EMYRMPtdIP39dMpdIH4VUj5 hYnTuZinLZuqRJxpTBLpNdqSXMvPXNvQZNvEJAMPcENbZE5ZUUPxHMkBklaoLSCBNFDtOGDdWcWC 3B3vLF2NTFg1uJU1kAqGAV4eeeDFGEaYwQiw0Ug/hMH1idENeJ2uhMsLzhLKVJ1gtNgZRl2h/Ujj PN/EvZ+0rcnlMJQdKMEqUNaksUk40AE3ZFxWFCBYjILuedtMtAsUzkeWEUg+0N1sCcyO5F1EBY/a eMgG5loHChHd5IbklBDiLQk/hAGtaZz3EV+VJNyPLMMdmB/7PJ1hTR2zpY8dXsUfUgf80QgPJJHE 3cES0OJDsB7+IjGiI16DBXxBY5FCE1rRJeqEFK7a7UTgJ2ohiV2Q8DRM25xJvYVTxWwevsVVM+3b mrxiG1qb9xVS+AWeTAQJoK3MrdXgwz0SKkKJomEdm7wAMuYU5VGWM5ZIMtBBMF6FNOIeeKQEqP2X AmajPhEIl1Uh+0Qgu1FIHiGDGiUf+p2JGLKV+TmP5MQIHi2JCcYjnG3DLCLkHMrHQuYjHjoc6OGg YASk/WHAlbDJo4nRQWZG2NnKQpJGgjxkY43CKpjOyGWjTJibTHDZyn1d8dkKF9pPNSjlzJkiDrlZ QypHvjVTCZEgjbQkJq1gENbjEGZILBpOF0xR+mlYszVknLn+HzHy4I8EpbNoHJkwI0TgHwwyojq6 BVfmXhI0TQJCZZ383rk5oNc01LeAhSmQjT36A9+JZDWiwm/Z23LchioeVyv+iAmi4BypJfjNJJCk zc2tDCOBBU3lJE5ZnSXg5bQcUR7FQLUJxhLlYZUkpIUs4mzCGdvAyWROkQAtJmNmIteEkbU5WIRo iq0kzKwlXzmuBhHYwmUik5lRBVzpG8/VyBrG4oKopS7RBVsaG0O+ZQ953h5+ZehJHE/mpa3IALas U0Kol1Ey4sI8jjQswEgapwChTkBB5UXmC5d5jatRxxnR5QUCGqlAHXKeY83946S8im/a0fS54gmm ZXp1j1H+uiWL7WOcwNh26eRVPAsR7aDFBZ+o4E/YUEdRutR6JmWaPZliPqHsxEzMgIPcyUS/RCYW wohYLUlW8pq8YRcH1sjgraNcoVV40gg8Bgs3oOa0AE4e/cpbLhJ4HUuMQdxwCqMOAqLFYQ6t9aax JKJ6ckN3PeJIesunYSNUxoePNiCCZAvuDKmPFSmzyVqwJOlcqJX6geVucZ8qkmWUlsgauuRbwGSP oadq5gTKaORVFImEvsxlxuezjSl9sokP4qcmnUS4CCaBHOWGPM72WcCbYJdTEijo/AMxIAIszYQ4 JMIxyEedTqGLWiFHUkefjVUu/umNYqdXktiqdGeUsOP+xmzoj/CDGTAqVsDk921SpM5E+bHnmxKT DZKYpjIPtPVkIOJYM1BqJrkRcA4mm9potrpMcuro0SwCGAwDGIRSgqUAL6zArMoEOAyCnSroup2n HYFiOIEkoNmahJYCZ7LZjzSpqIDg81BJGsKdP8BjxpXnh2JTtcpEHcZU54HFKrwnjTQJBH1rpzra bl7oUILHqO5nmDrksAaQyCknucRHIASKOEyTPwxCLfgDMeRVToCD98RHgs5RgzzImeSdhGEgw7xs 1JVkhbbsW8FKOyaqhVCsgryklbIUOEps+RWmFVpFkdTR5zGO+nTXNtTmwTKarZBXsGgDO3memrbZ Qqb+q2lEqNK0He/JTj28QFDER/UgFM7q648WSB3sqoJ444Nt7fhlplk5DK4NKsNqy1hK32iKJxt6 KGDaYo1c0FuyTC+CnvrAG6fCj0/aSo5pZAQlRBxO15oIZ5co1jSQ4pFIpJwezT9URjDkxN/eLFLM AlKVhyw0hSwcAgxAqxU21I54AQqQhSzAwmsIb1PAgvQqglLkYiyuzboyBCo0ARjUgiI4r/Q6ryJA 7/gqQi3Qhl1iTIYyRAcAAi1Axfg+b/lGLyKMQLBYLLZ9QQg0r1PAwvzKb1PMghworVsMS4ayhhqU x//Cb/A6xWyELo2t6I5wACAocAMv8PgO3Ag8YKH+bgN6WWWVfAEK8K//ku/8DpwtyAFDOqIG8cb2 ksf3Sm8DqwA+gM4iLEKW/APWKMKAzEIFxsc+tAMvuIE6lIMRl8M4qEMyWIE0dKdk+ioZsMMRTzEV H3E75IIo3pwGHewpJMGAVTEYGzE7xAEEd9jkzpUwFHEYU7E6gMML9OfFZC0xdUEZqPEaT3E79EKw IhvpoIIP0IIU33E5uIMRtwMgOJ982qa3+MYwtIMgT7E7ECS5olfl2ZEXlEE6PPIRq0MvEObPxMUB JwEntIM5VDFMZA07fAAgAIIb7IIyjIE/2EMZqIEKqINO7KsDpYHhfs0RFBKfbqH1WmeXLimJIQL+ IndYR4kg1VZIP5yBad7GCkpaxpIf4bDnaxKaL35l48zR6MJIMZZIZCUIj4mtF9xW60LjKHYsnA4B MNTuzLaDOJSDOLBDEMvEPpQDC13PNjpKbD2g5izotCDt+GEi8HjNFy6hmhVryc3HhrkVHU3tSjJ0 eszEKz4z1uZKGQXWRJNcDuWiI7pmHxdavSz0RN9UxuEMlRhRRGNislyOeS0RCDejZY30vcyXqapr NY6Wo8RHfICbRQ6u7RCtpfhqtcYHLp4k9g5zsUpsxZypnEFs5Urp5cKutKpCKQBsb2guiekQoB1O +fTjj4xTDkZfyfZgQdKf6oIfqdJkjZqGNGb+LxWtUpQtpz/UKddYtPBxBTOiQhX8wWXKWiye1eN6 Jq2h5HFpFWl2aIJU6bSyFOatybElyCIhTmxOjFi3X0o/1o9onRJRchOtNZDwQMta4TR2KQLmLWPm qkL583OyHFEP6pHeHKCCh4jQq0kqUWguq1mWyCuSp7RiW3r+DjfxsbGAbIloKvtghQTTZx5dXLBs y6P+JmjnxNwGNigfCdtN5LdV5ALSaQXeNQTqKV0I9O/8WcwxLUOkgtMurIU2zxnDT8RW7VTL48Vq 7WW+lC7CJYZt63HfW4omq43pZY2Ywcm6RdAg5HTXyU27tewiJiXKhCUup12vttr06kNNM3X+Xi96 IyzzoaN/i6nUQixi18grGq5yyDFdsO7LETBWXABcxyZdJpZplBOLWtL8RWv9ndi5Esgi0u2KLIB3 TNH7kEJ2u3M2qjbwScrjcOQEfvfAsnitOW5CQ257H29uz1VU8zYs/uAbAvc04yNh+SaSaJdlO4nZ drOPfbOF9AwEbRwiJvg9tvWKoLc1xqy7QuWEL9iNH694a+8v00hsTwqaZS/CEnOJGPNJtggzglSW W0g/mAFex3Fj+1hwM9sxLJxptNhMmaiMmXkEY0CAX+anWhuPxfT9oVF1ayZ2typq47mWASmDvSTY fCNWhmTdggChJyzkoqhVeEnhUUd8Vwj+WioRitfil5t3sAhacWdzyB6aGLVIqFvSWacogygBLfbG jsvHInZDLF4DkBvPkOtejlIkXYMDH/TrPzcIrdOlOI4iiXoLKnR4zbEftf/6rzU6M883nDE2C1Z6 jUR2pquzQ1Q2YtF7r9M4uPIM5ogRJSP43sytI05DcX7Li5CCKjilzF6id9tpeM9QR14mwZ53rhu6 hUSuxoUgoo64VEf68UZzak4npt9hw6WfTfG6xqE5Xah5hTi3UKb1mczoOSNl414nuhS5q0o4UKOB NAhpEpj6mDEQ8jXuRSkNyR9TlS+WGU7tbsu38VrFb69lUVNzPj7dsmeqzauoIqNL/KD+08JLnOph U4L7CkN6raggdETuHrkvp1QWiAM6cZ8jrHSyO7IrVodAJLGikcmzyAhBNZuYIN33elXL5GWWGcdu Jn9bCHK7xXySroDTCIE/N5mIOSrE7Y+Eg2hr+Ivjbd4zpmNOpQOG91DzDpwXBZR/Ia6Dl6Dm0bEW 9lOH2NYL+1Sv0c0UO8L6OyINvmm4OO4b9/hlvpimfc53PjgXuDAeOH+ZAtDLLX/i9N0+uD9EeDbS KVBDplCLbeCPFWsKhsG6UWd6uPk99LKutFR3/fBPuuVNsw5V/ueySR8mCM6HF0Cg8zeQYEGDA800 q2aNYUOG23gwSVWKYkWKprTAObj+sWAyOt2mOXQozUIXUxYrkko1ZBdHN+w4xpQ5cyA4QP7+Gbx3 BtpCkdamcbtzhBUplBRRVemDkybBY3Z8igxJ0tPJo6VQEaHFlGZORJG2hfy5DdOGU0avlgpSrilB fmHE/qS27QYTVGlRcYnTlmmyOtt+OhxRFa1FlT2GcW26aNI2anLJTrB6lNQpDAJztjXjLKrDaRDt FraIKiPfgR7DBrZ2zYKnU1dVDvGlmOBL07c3irtZMOfOaKo/D0UluiKqK3szz8yJ7A5g1dEsfDJF HKlW2jO/OhdJTVumDXfTqmXLt1+Y34Hn1h0+6ugpLXtNJ4OqmmGJLq+vokJ8nWP+zkSUHAssssmO MoUCgUwz45nOHKomolSoK8WULTRqKyfUrlGNKgJTSiUJXVyqB7cRCVJmN53OcAY4oY4Y7qpTpljK NGXoYJChx6AjLD/rkpPJq8YeG6uss9IyJYhx+OPonjCkUS09u9JyD76mLmyOPmtG+AI/lA5LzLRE wFJNG0wkS4sUUzA45zYrnqEPtIkoM8WLCi0Mh4dtMgyMtS+mo2yl2TayjcTbctJto516Qm8b4agj BRUspuzKn6dsbIgk6fCyzrTs0OvOrAgpOtK08ppUVL1GpbztmL+uHKyUCPXzkq9EgFSNTA5HS/O2 HZpx80FYKbzNI27y/Ik1TP3+TGK2HgcSdNDbTDw0xUqDGkqVIrFYilmZlLmjUmqquRTX6rbadqMf tXNoriFBNXK8tvYxo1TI6lIlwlTj8/bKC+6DdT9zD/KvVqkGDA9NzPjiodcgRXozyjlN+yccOlIL bMNGPQT0IDdEfPY2Qw+6B41Ef6q2xXuvkJGvp9JtKKQct0Qpq60s9Cc7hht6bMjwTlnLtH3Mc5Iu JcBr770kOWK51fvSSmU/0xgLcDttLCkzyst2bUYb1baxg4lV7i0tvjqIVY01Hbn0EMRAYfK45mhD 5onaRU9+8TikDcqJxmriEinHcUtJhUe+OIWsLHvDE5U8JoU+lbJTtohUOX/+PKq0IX5jTilWvHnz J2qcbywYNssQ5EtBoXkgOmw6u5KY4r5H+oBPjJXlj2O3TQMZRc4CM9nF9lLm3KBj9NWwtcyLS6Jc Km2OhBvQrQGX3cSRBPigt+bdjq7QXjzaNOJbFsk+ItPuoZjbaJVa3TEnQL4i0m87nWuvETea9aaS 4eF5s6PrM23ZXNI23DUlWsy6RxrOUzK6FQ0lp7hbzZBhh/ABxRpUCc/MhDcQr4TJcBggX3t8xhd+ nCF7DAnJk37XQO8xLxnFU80ImJYf82WQKenjGpnCUwr4We8gCtIG7KLnICUU5UWRE5YMKuaZ1fSP dmvbWMcG6CN/6K4gO+H+XclYlEKLmAJSNBzIMWqkmnC1BnCoKALNmFc4IX0nh4pry1sSqD3HcQly kqOJfJL4Exi+SoaJ4aFB0gc97uCQZ1hLUJu4FhEitidYNZtYHkfSP9hkzHYCjCK3bmLAFAFngbDq 4veaA0SGYIOMsBpcW7IjympgAgNa3KIbm4I9E26HG3NUoR1ngkdRMuQCrmna05gXyBs5hH2Aq4wh +bIDRAIRNK6kyCkgFh86cGOXF0uWxgzirEvGRBx+kFYcPZNFvHTxjxr0x97EZM2jYLBmahTJKtlY JJ+VcyBAK2HOtudMHa5QUsaQoFhC0jfM4QWYbUkfEAdptRchUzO96l3+NbzGiiiJjS+o2eXZ/GeY lbQkUFAkUT2I4VF/2IMYlhwIFQliRU4Kp2l3o+cXobLLv2VqeZJKZWCqkYlWtvFdsWRc7/I5On7i T4KWw1K/+uhFf4BpgnOpWkYNs0PTOVRAqdOne+53x2mKchpUYWCHALgtbeKmHCvwgwpgkhN2qMAP K+ipP2wiLRX1LouwcilfIjjBqbQmPK8QQk0n586cwVOfEoIlTUjFSfUUyQu4lEkLqwE9hlTjAlqC zeZeulQOCmkCOYSfadhEHwcx4YOjaWRFp3kNye5pXKRgxRCcmE2R3iYOuVgqIpiCCNzmYko5AYc3 cxLckW4yoNMwbgX+u3YyUizXKMs1xd36wZTgCne6k4LKNYyb3eM6g6/MXS5FznQETkhXuDgp7wb5 Ro0TUkO9VPsUc48iqn9kZr4apK4/lnQe7bJ3Gtqoy1ngWxGMyMG89D2vcI2BB75ll4JNmkaWphPg V53iX/a1sIGbtxAGB3SVGACvd5tbCgxUjyvUxXAYeoVd42bIuKAhEojPVJr6YtjAF6KYNNibY/Va AzqfeJV3f/xaEM2YKWO9DRjAcU4wEAQMypiiCgjiW0EcKg/Y4MaVsYxlb+iBCq5gRSpSsYpVsELM rtiCN9+GhyyvmRvVGEEoXgFmOcvZFUtAIyov4Y1tsJkb3tiEB1r+gYpVhHnOqVDFE96qnDNog89X 9kYdpuAKQQt6zq/wxInaogw96LnR3BgBKAadClTMmRWuGIKsJCWJSnCaz5vogJgFLWZZC7oDpWvL Gazc6UY0QdJzHnScPYFmvoRj03vmczdGIIo4k1nWq0CFK5qA6oLcblBInuIOmOxkc0B5IPYQxiI+ cIhADILcgxCEHwxAgxvUgN3tZjcOFlAADUiA3vWutwM+gAhyA4LcgvC3IAYRiHGP2xBlUAAO3J3w GgzgAfamgL0lQIAVIILf5B44IgQx8HIjIgQtQLjCa4ADFgggAxB3uADccIh9B9zc/h53xvd9gBmA /N0KIEDJTU7+7wd8wN8WZ3nGx+1zRBj84yDHQQAegHOTa6AAYKB40F8OcI2Tm+MNKHrCcdACAeS8 3hkogBv0HfR+69vnA1+Aumtgg7S7G94OULq9JyABBxwA6j//t9gBcQgyLODqCgdAw7meAQLoQBD8 HnggAJECfJAoJ3FoySwGkVtF+EMYbmCKPZihCBUoohC6FYRuOx9wgY+e9IYohCBO7+/Tp77zGNct Ig6h2wqoYRGf97whEGEI0rec9BhH/e9Zj3rd4p4QiOi8HwIwiOF7PvYqJ/3zf4/61QO/9bb3/CLG EIJF4N7zuUeEwEX//EBEf/XT9/frrY+IRawgDq93PezFLf7+3qu+ENNPffqt74cDKP/1sddt+EcP 6MbP94CvALuP+AxhEcDgABah+Prv/8RP9wTu88hP9X4P9N5P/T6gDBSBAmHP8wDh+QCQAAuQ/tzv /QQBDDJrI8AhBRQhBdqhHPaiHFwwBZysIJShFpQKdwDhBrdJJuphBe7hB2eCGKZsBZ8lJ2SBLZDw WfCBDJpwUHJiFzQiCgdlEIiBCGci8jxmHGpBHfyBHbLQH9ShFhJNGWbBvC5svtiwutqwwArMDatL EZxMDtuwxmZsukzswHICH/5gCN9wD+NwD9kQDguxEI8hDQ+xDfshD03MEPVQD9VQEcRhEO1rEe9w EPOQvIT+6x4GYR/U8A4dUQ450RIxLPPUMA4hURRD0RAvUbjoMBVFsbpMMRJXkb4wTQsNAg130G1q wRx0UUkWwQoHRRlsKxjzxh8UIdGQcR+GERkPIgehsXPMcBoNggs9xlzMhRdjgh3e5R7EYVvSYQVt ARh7pByO4RiYQRlA8TbsoR1iwh4QoR3PRRzosRzg4SDaYQj5whgPoh7SUR1Nqi3UQRv9YQllohzg cSDYwR0MaCHhBRGYpR/EwRiMgRmAETfawR5iQhoBBh8y0h/2IRzz5hxeKidqoRINwh0CEhnokS/2 AQxjAhut0SMDxnMAoG1qAQCYkCD6IQRmSyZmgRwMYh/+QqD9lG/xzGlydsHyzOUeJLIbASAN/aEd AEAWSswfyiALy0lvjrEgwC0RCq8OO2cmUgAMzYUSZSIEUoApVuADkiMniKEMvMgZmSUZFoARDGEQ dDBi/MENWmIbqfImd1ImcwEAZJIg6iEFoosvfvEgUoAM9M0QgjImCuUFZCIXg1FvdBBgFAEBeAEn AAEBVJIg9mEFKpMjUrIoV0ApSaTyzgW/5jEm2gEB1GAggkEAOrMg1GAMM8226GupsNIK/2EF4JFZ cmIZLRMMUIAt1GEFVKC+mIIZbhMmo7IgkGEMiNMfHC9JpDE2eSEA+jIODCAxBwIfUuAlpWg1DQIM enL+RJSBLmfSGktEETkCEfIAt9RhEMpAHNTBDQC0Hf4BBcAxDshAGGiiGpNjH1IgrXJCGOLADRA0 ENwADNTAD3YgEfxBBsngJmBTGQyUowYCKhtzI8pBB/yALQyBDGrhHwDBDcoAQcmAGWzGDfzAPDfC H6PMZiavvuTRDQThH/ChDM7qRcugHjwRQNkCBvsBEYC0HZWwNAOGDAbBtnhBEKAwGNyADKaMGMjA H3JBSWeiHxIhLidlyRoRJxbBDeLAHfahDOJgB/JADqwgC5uyDHCBO1tCEdh0PDhTJmphDKZMHQBB BdRBHADUDdThHlLgH9QhD9xAEUqUI2ZBSgdCBSr+sb6IIUJbwknL4EKd7pwiNPLEAcrIIUK/ciA0 Exm/kyMCYRYEgR1yIRfUABzqARnwIQ6mbAXUAQx+QRxCwFIP4helEydSAAzeAAxyoRwwVRlCwB3A ABD+4QNkwR5SoBzqgRnWyhyOwfJUYBdo0AehUj0LohxYNBfYYRAWQRb+gRnqoRc+QCuRARYAQR1m QQcs85xSNScW4QAMNA7+geLawQ0WYR8E4BwEIToj1R9CShFuAgXqQRH8YGCnjCmUsz/AYBhuAhCE QQXBgRzUIViRQQ7E4QXKIReiUybschcPAEANdRbiQB1uAQzeIQCQwRwCgByOYQWmSByUoS3jgBj+ eEsdcmEFoutPY1MW9K0deGEWyEAhbZVK/SEF6qEMdiEd3EBD+8MfZiEkCSIFVqBCc2HbwKEFlYFK 7yEEqvUD1KEdlIEdttIdosAfVIAXgJUs/WFVg5EXAWYQeGEXamEQ2qEMwMEeckEcDOEmVOAYPgAQ /CAOfJBSvVYkr7UfFm8RUmAQAIFk3eAY/GEMkMEfmkwdeEEZosAcjCEO8OEAHDcOPLc3EGFSDaIc wMAcBCEXmnYR/CEYiIEXeFZCx8BG+Y0jO3JfbaYQRmof/iEFbNQNciEIDxK3FmHycgEN9+IsVcAN ACEOqDInYuE980YF2gEQNLYdGtUcllUFlAH+GfygFkhAcwEhNUXyGQviGFQQH+7hH7LXD/wgEEr2 H+ohOq31HphBGIiBZ+OAF9SgQwEBEOahRPryJmVBEQAXEcShDMphH6oXECRSBZgBBAYhDvzgzjbi MQ1icQEYTENgEP7gDZTBDSoRDGLYHGS1HHrTXMuhAjTXDSKXJpERaW8SEHIhbW9ChuNAB+PgJlZA HFrzHmSBXA1iFt6KQUUkJ4JhDKoSt8qARsGAi5mBBJThHw5AHIhBDgaUHZyYHsc1Jp6TO0PAHhKh FpQhXoehArTyGNp3d1M1R40XEXq0WW6B8nZhMT3HEGwGFvy4RqeWHbiX8o4xOSeXN1BTGA7+QBgC 2HwXNViPIQ6E4TZ1NCb2oUwNghnkcyDkIA2FllEBGAX+gR3AgBjiFRkQgDuFwRAmjxi695x2cyOU Nm0tj2r9YMqSeHndYQXcQRmZ0ZxqIclO2Bz9YRhUMGDLoQycDFP94QWOwQrCMQWIAVqtlS3UkiB8 GBr59j51MATScAzKQRlUIELVoB7AYB94AQyUNUEtdR/AAIr+oRDK4AV0UA1ClwycjAzEYRZUYBDc YBCMAQ7+gRd2AAwieKRil42XbBZ4VhFadAw69FoBARnqQaMxeCY+2WLtsyrJgAzAQB1cmWsnTxFm wR2yNw4w+EjZ4aTd05wkgRwA5h/KAI3+A6Ae8OEF/kERwGAQVECO3yBvy6A/Z2IfJrp+2YArahql y+EeoAwf7jef36AMGGEFhAERhGEfbFpKWzUZawG3wAArwcBtVUAO3oAM2mHJhGEHiBSKC4I9C0Kd CwIRdoBK+wGGPxcYMRhlIzQQlOE2oRlOX1JvdZEbt7Ys9wEQpTOym0KKb1InoHQpMyN/RZIrKNuc 5JGHemTGJJu+7KGcRnpHeeO0zYnGSluDWLsgLvaxgxO/JHGkyimUt2VbYru2gwsQQTEzYhuCJ0e1 9yG4pfMfiHcm8Fq1q4gffXtEcyK4YfsgxplVd9kaK5U+R3Q2ufsYgNMacwIWhLUZr3P+GoEYvbm2 vJGRsX/wT4lxRNhhua2RRLl7pAZyM5H5vskwvuEzoq1xH/nbvYmwnPmbu+37wO97thW8JgG8waHx uvf2waNotGmjvHrRNNZYF3f7XPw7X2UhkivcbT4cvrn7DelTwhu7pCEcGUP7vj98RBRBp1t8Gsu6 xoORwC8pvbfpGG6QpPyBGR6YDMNYGHKiHYghJ9TBcy9pw4mwHIx8INwVIKcTqGdhFmQhGGI8GZVz y4mBH9khdIOBvm9DGMicRG5cF92BH9uhFq48yonBNbVQxbXQwLepDAyAI2lQdGkUTPfiAGACEXLS H8htm6ByyzdiFgAAQUV3fekyJ5r+TBkqgBdyoQxwa5uSM5lHZHnHgxiWrBbk/DaeNxt1eRrxIQAm D0xTIBhQNg2XuL3v2yZ/MA5WQHeZ1R/IgJkh1B/UIDTlgAyyUH0zPCYSnAhlQQXGYPHUQBkOmyn6 8xhkRB0alQgVwZlxx1Cl3PIUkyPnqx/qITP6gR2OFr9cM7jigRjTnAgDNZ7BdDeUYclkGBnpHNPP aTB/cAyIwQ3KoY3BoLZygQwsTxEQ4R442RCWV35HxMl/EBFmgRb2YgyUQRw+IBdmIRc+wByQ4QNq oRZWIDTpXRI0fURUQBBqIRfkwPKMmU/T2h5W4KTN2FzjIJ/LIQTIYOTpth3MYQz+1oBm0ZzCMZ0M 7EEQsrAW3OAe6mER9sKaczzWWfySandky0p0AeFv4cCMmSEOggERctVLf1DhRzyRg9V1gRVwdyEE MP4DdiEXHPe9ldEctlx/ESEXdqEPvDXjj0Ed6qEePuCYG1kZ6sENiKEcPsAeGLRXzTULhUHEJ0fW tZAGy0EO9oIX/FUN5AAmlF4X5/0HHfsHyyB0/WAQvpSacUIYCOwe3GANshAQWPQH5VF2L2kRdLdj BfpsnR0cjoHAjBUiB0gJQx43sD3Iv1QFyqEclLYX1AFgudaCv3AMmIF2L9WGiSFlh73UOdxzJBMQ QuAf1F4x4h3RD0LHR5zxnd7+c9nBAKAMDJicF7RdDgwAH/5B0Xs/4Z+a3tVPVXnyGLAY0tf3BfCh HoQhPQHCn8CBBAsaPDhQkTl//xA6RPgvhTqBxMr4eyHr0D1lEcClIFbvBbMUu+od2CUOjMAV5cCk cyPLnopjDx8qq1UzZ057K+wJlDOMVxyGA1WI04kU4aCkTG3ibNhUp6Cj/mb58TdV4LFFAoUKbAk1 6sN7iPqJRZorl8B6IdSVK0RUkDt3KeS4eVPu7MOGsvLqNQionUBliPwBcieLjJph+EIAIoOzoiBZ gMQJYhh4ELt6ccjM0qvs89+clokOk3VMFlGBgCaOrrn0NdObsmvbPmhPkNn+27xtK/Lb22E7EmEF FufdMHRwh8eXIwTkHGE5YaujW8+5j1fz5du3I/e3y7X1sPdmFfdOED3S6dfb6xTtPr78+fTr27+P P7/+/fz7+/8PYIACDkhggQYeiGCCCi7IYIMOPghhhBJOSGGFFl6IYYYabshhhx4SqF5UIX5IYokm nohiiioGt08ZH7z4wSD3DPTPeccVJ4sfwhwAYwA4teNTLR/gs1qNRDUkTgDEMFRjQ+wY8Fk99TQU 1ogrXonlWfcYcAAig6gBwFBnHVBLLQC4MQggcSiDDwCKYAVAPTWpAwZVBNWjBnVuHLBPln7+yds+ BqjUEBgBzHjMLMIQ6U/+PcLkwo5A9xBTizgNqQNAO2aK508uAKzAjiIAiLPLLkSWE4w6vBDTJz65 CIZPMLXklV059XwAAEq5+KROLYwCCmywNe0TgEoChbCCP34AgGsKjeIaAAA0qQBAtJ/NcoA/sgAg izC8BPNPHAAAkMu2BxgAgLOzAIBAtNApA8Av91RQLbmYojauGrgAEIxhAEQqbMACD7TPAQGkkMK5 ginqTxkA7COqMve8kIsw5N6jggH3gOGGP6KOC4AA+LADQGGIkKtsnJ7m8s8HAfgDLzHbMvPPIH5g Wpih/fQjwFAGdGzlwEKbWLABccQRAgBL8hJCCLj+Q4YBfTYkCLMvhnD+jJIeA5BXP5eW7M/JkYqK j5l5GQqz0m68PBDO/hhK5J7iKD103YAKSsZXANRyDwDQyQHAP8uy048bvOwCgDL/KINMLgbIue1E ULkDAFcnC7atPWa/bUDaxACSadiFuD3Gof4QAwAYH8xod+tX3lOs3rLAfsDacZIDgAG4MlNwBeK6 sULe2jKL8AeykGzAMWIP/46nC6XwMrzClJN70oq0A7YbfvtzD66xuQ4+iv8Iohb3g6iljBuIHJOH Mv6A48cfVNUjSBl8ry8QM0e7EUcZau1ChmEgQw4+OYYcNiKHSNXiMupww1HEoSbq4CMOSyqHHxBB tcSFb4McxA87wJAlrQ6KsENGMg5USkijG1EpPU064QlNaBwYVqc6LmQItagzQrEEBAA7 ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C9C8B3.95D623B0 Content-Type: image/gif Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/pubmed_link.gif R0lGODlhQQAUAPcAAAAAAAAICAgQEBAYGBAYIRghKSEpMSExOSExQik5SjlKWjlKY0JSa0pKSkpa c0pje0pjhFJSUlJSjFJrhFJzjFpaWlpalFp7lFp7nFqUlGNjnGOEnGOEpWOMrWOcnGOczmOl1muU tWuUvWul1nOUvXOcvXOcxnulzoSEhISt1oSt3oS154yMjIy13oy154y975SUlJTG95TG/5TO/5yc zpyl1pzO/62trbW1tff39/////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// /////////////////////////////////////////////////////ywAAAAAQQAUAAAI/gA/0BhI kEaNgQcLKlzIsKHDhzQ+5BAYw0aMihVtaJyB0aLHjiA/Wrwo8iJIkiFJfshwg6LGlxlfjoQpU6TG mDJx1txZM8ZKFAI9Cr2ZAoHRAxQy4mTA4KaNogc22HhgtKPQjBgQXI25MoJLmDFLACiQYAAAqVdt IDggkwQAAA7UvuUp9AEAuj4zNAiqNKfYEhoJHHhRwsXTE2oRnHiQwobYAFoBCABQsQUFxhotb7C7 NePKvTRwktToNoTFAgj+qmWbYDKAASrEIiDwAgCCuzYMvIVto8DbALh35gWdFqbYBQ8SAJgg1rRR GwcApEgBV6wCAGIZUP7bQoCDEAAu/rwgcFfp6M9fbyoV+xbAAsfYV8tPLHaC++V37UKYQACBfY2c 8TQcX04ZF99NYpGQ2ILQJeCWWwccAAFldk3wwAMbTAhgeep5hF5oOcX0oFDN2SCYDa294MIACvw1 GXJ3bQAAYhOkICNiuvXkmV4EDmWRaje1IBkBA2h1wAAEkHfCg7c9YF8MKwrgGwcuCDBAAcAVZ9GH osWkQo1DcZBACBtgYEOZISBgWgsPtJBhCyU8oFEKCyBAwZwJTEDCBKK99GFxVgGKF01p9SVoWlwW GFNINhnqqKEz9TnUjqB9YOmlmFo6wqabfjDCpZ9y6umooXb6aaaopnopjx944OqrRrDGKuustNZq q6w8amDBrrz26uuvwAYr7LC/StBADjegUEEDzDbr7LPQRivttNQ+GwGyMChbwbbcduvtt+CGK+64 3aIQEAAAOw== ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C9C8B3.95D623B0 Content-Type: image/gif Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/crossref_link.gif R0lGODlhQQAUAPcAAAAAAAgICAhrvQhzvRAQEBBzvRgYGBh7xiEhISF7xiGExikpKSmExjExMTk5 OTmMzkJCQkKMzkKUzkpKSkqMxkqUzlJSUlJSjFKczlpalFqUlFqc1mNjY2OcnGOczmOl1mtra2ul 3mut1nNzc3Ot3nt7e3u13oSEhIS93oyMjIycpYy11oy93pSUlJS93pS955ycnJyczpzG56WlpaW9 zqXO562tra3G3q3O57W1tbXW7729vb3W78bGxsbe787Ozs7e987n99bW1tbn997e3t7v9+fn5+fv 9+/v7+/3//f39/f///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// /////////////////////////////////////////////////////ywAAAAAQQAUAAAI/gA9eIhB sKDBgwgTKlzI8KAHJEoExmBCsaLFixeRQMTIsaPHix46/BAi8SNGJUJSGjFCJCURkzA9etBgI0fJ mExYWkyZ8keOHSpxMlHSIoWSjjNTwLgJUwgSikZSHrWIRIiSqkJiTgAA4CnHmSVaMP2YlUlVrx2J GBkqxEgDAhwITJhhgEADIT0CAAAxFSNYsQNhEjnaNmZVikgQcAVQIsCCGQEcQFiMFqSGsGM5rjws FCXFBQBG5LABwAAEAgSQ6LUh8zLgiWR1CqWIUgnoGSgBENix4wQTAgB2tMYc2KOQGyt0JPHBI4kM IEyAyMBxhCIPGTqWKMEhgwboHkSQ/pxYbOF38OGvP1IowH5IAgERCmAgUWDAgAM+XNgvIAODgAEF qNDDUysR0UNZPczwA3qZWeSDAAWw4MIRCtzHwAvsoVCBfCIU8EANQzAgwAc1HFGWWS9VpERLDBbH EQ8DMJBEEkokMEANS/BQwAFJvDDAA0V0WEANPlRwXxFMWEWbUxRldaJfrjVY0REH3FcADjbiMJSN 7BWAwgYfPFCACQyYcEABOlBERIo54bViX1ASB1tHPmCQwANBbFCBDxQNscGdLDBRQwQJSHAECQ8k EMISKvLkEpMtzjnbpJRa9JdAIXWg6aacdurpp6CGKuqmUXqQwamopqrqqqy26uqrOKpeEBYSP9iQ Qgm45qrrrrz26uuvwOp6Agwo5QBDC8gim0KyRTG7bLLPKuvstNBSK221yM6QQ0AAADs= ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C9C8B3.95D623B0 Content-Type: image/gif Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/chemport_link.gif R0lGODlhQQAUAPcAAAAAvRAQxjExzkJC1lJSlFJS1lpanFpapWNjY2NjpWNjvWNj3mtra2trvXNz c3NzvXNz3nt7e3t7zoSEhISEzoyM55SUlJwY95ycnJyc56Up96Wlpa05962tra2t77VK97W1tb1a 971r9729vb2978Z798bGxs6M987Ozs7O996l/961/97e3ufG/+fn5+fn/+/W/+/v7+/v//fn//f3 9/f3///3//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// /////////////////////////////////////////////////////ywAAAAAQQAUAAAI/gBpUBhI sKDBgwgTKlxokAUNGjcExnDhgoXFixgzatzIsaNHCR1YuHhIgcWNkyhTqlzJsqXLlycVTADBIkYM CjdkyIDJs6dPlQoYYEDh4mbOnT+TKl3ZAIEFEzZx6kxJY8WJFTNOXFiak4TXFFxvNH1atOTUkyo0 nGihooRWriQALIAAwAPMuUydmijL4iyMCyVO0qjxtgUNGydbwFDZYieMnXEh3AAw4GQKsCnBApCs cuzem32Ral2MUqsIDhpmwNCgIsSJG6Y5fCjxIXXkFJtjCKgAYUCMuAMAZJD7orNevmdDbE2pVfWF FiU00HirtepzGs+BF5C8IMBJABUi6JOYPN44WdBnta5gvvx5CA4n4sPe2uL5jeybUQ6oPHlA3PIA lJeSAsehh9QMGnwA0Q2EtQeddKXRZx9+nN3Q3XfhBfidgCh5hhxSN8Dw3gluvXWfYSOeYENhE7YQ GUoxDMBbATf8d5IAAxSXkocGKkUDaWH5xKNZIAZppEtDOrTgkUzmdV5JJ7nQ5JQdFvhAAgYYcICW XG7pZZdgfilmmGSOaSYBesVAAwodTMAAAnAi8Gacc8oJ55x15knnnXz26WedcW5A1A0ujGBBBIg6 EIEDija6qKONRrroo5QyOqmkmFbqKE0xBAQAOw== ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C9C8B3.95D623B0 Content-Type: image/gif Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://www.springerlink.com/content/c4w07561343022j2/springer_link.gif R0lGODlhbAAUANUAAAAAAO/v76Kioo+Pj3BwcP8AAFBQUEBAQP9wcNbW1iAgIP8zM/+/v9/f38zM zJmZmf+Zmf///4ODg7+/vxAQEGZmZjMzM//f3//MzFpaWv9AQP+AgGZmZvX19X9/f5mZmf8QEK+v r//v7/9/f/+Zmf4BAgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACH5BAUUACUALAAAAABsABQAAAb/wIdw SCwaj8ikcslsOh+JxiNCrVqrjNEIcu16v+CweEy9aEfkh0QwHW8KCwR5Tq+PMRpQIZ2RtMVvDHaD hGIBEw5XGntjD31/YYFUAQQeGR5kGSGFVwIGBwRWBAJeDRYHXYt8fmSSERWhAQekYgabnKIAV6Nf HqiKjGKOrG4FghEKFVQOiQ0BAQ1VDQ7REdTL01bZ0gHSEdUeulfM3+RUvtKJqo2PrcZUBAAG1RUA BBYAA6YH+BMUmP4MVKAQKgKBCuEOUAphQYAsAPUShbMyQcGBBvwIKKDQDZ0FA4kirBPWrtgxgwAA kJoAYEKEDABkUUiQIMIBTDYxTXTQMkJL/18TMlCIEM6BS6LiqhxA5cHCt56+GhSkMjLMMEhgXFEx BaABS5csHSxVivMm0qchAgAQe2ACorNVJloZi86ny6YKcFINZrUkoHdEqYT9GiGEApu/clIxK9eX AZdj4yaFG5juL6izeu5dhfWLKwWJBqBiOSCAhUT8qlgouPqsAwoI9Q2Q5yGUXCr1ug3ANFZjBLWb 7kUwQCFkVTBX3R2bEFswRH0RJnjwQErA9AnWPTSYTqrCqY2FKyjbPp1K9unapXvY7QH7de4Byovk i9xvpAIQMHghPKjipKG4jCECAwvQ90VyxRSgwX4A3GLHABSkNQAtAYbBQAEYckbGBQwwoEhfF+hV Y0d2IlYIxoAdamjiiiyaeNUTMMYo44w09vGNABLkqOOOPPbo449ABinkkEQSSUoHDdCk5JJMNunk k1BGKeWUVFbZQBAAOw== ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C9C8B3.95D623B0 Content-Type: text/css; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://www.springerlink.com/config/css/A++_common.css .Keyword { BACKGROUND: white; FONT-SIZE: 12pt } BODY.for-print { MARGIN: 1.5em; BACKGROUND: white; FONT-SIZE: 12pt } DIV.Abstract { MARGIN-TOP: 1em } DIV.Acknowledgments { MARGIN-TOP: 1em } DIV.AbstractSection { MARGIN-TOP: 0.3em } P.AuthorGroup { FONT-WEIGHT: bold } .Contact { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt } .Affiliation { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt } .Citation { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt } DIV.Capt { MARGIN-TOP: 1.5em; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; = MARGIN-BOTTOM: 1.5em; FONT-SIZE: 10pt } SPAN.CaptCont { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt } TBODY.CaptCont { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 10pt } DIV.CaptCont { MARGIN-TOP: 0.3em; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; = FONT-SIZE: 10pt } .AbstractHeading { FONT-WEIGHT: bold } .KeywordHeading { FONT-WEIGHT: bold } .ArticleNoteHeading { FONT-WEIGHT: bold } .Acknowledgmentsheading { FONT-WEIGHT: bold } .CaptNr { FONT-WEIGHT: bold } DIV.SbLexicon { FONT-WEIGHT: bold } TABLE.Sidebar { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; BACKGROUND: #d6d6d6 } .Term { FONT-STYLE: italic } .AbstractSectionHeading { FONT-STYLE: italic } TABLE.OrderedList { PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.3em; MARGIN-TOP: 1em; PADDING-LEFT: 0.3em; = PADDING-RIGHT: 0.3em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 1em; MARGIN-LEFT: 17pt; FONT-SIZE: = 12pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.3em } UNKNOWN { MARGIN-TOP: 0.3em } DIV.GlossaryDefSimplePara { MARGIN-TOP: 0.3em; MARGIN-LEFT: 1.5em } DIV.Para { MARGIN-TOP: 1em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 1em } DIV.FormalPara { MARGIN-TOP: 1em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 1em } DIV.ArticleNote { MARGIN-TOP: 1em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 1em } DIV.Motto { TEXT-ALIGN: right; MARGIN-TOP: 1em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 1em } DIV.Figure { MARGIN-TOP: 1.5em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 1em } .PCode { FONT-FAMILY: 'Courier New' } .Box { BORDER-BOTTOM: black 2px solid; BORDER-LEFT: black 2px solid; = PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.5em; PADDING-LEFT: 0.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.5em; = DISPLAY: block; BORDER-TOP: black 2px solid; BORDER-RIGHT: black 2px = solid; PADDING-TOP: 0.5em } .Important { BORDER-BOTTOM: black 2px solid; BORDER-LEFT: black 2px solid; = PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.5em; PADDING-LEFT: 0.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.5em; = DISPLAY: block; BACKGROUND: #d6d6d6; BORDER-TOP: black 2px solid; = BORDER-RIGHT: black 2px solid; PADDING-TOP: 0.5em } .Example { BORDER-LEFT: black 4px solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.5em; PADDING-LEFT: = 0.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.5em; DISPLAY: block; PADDING-TOP: 0.5em } .Trailer { PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.5em; PADDING-LEFT: 0.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.5em; = FONT-WEIGHT: bold; PADDING-TOP: 0.5em } DIV.GlossaryEntry { TEXT-INDENT: -1.5em; MARGIN-LEFT: 1.5em } TABLE.Stack { FONT-SIZE: 0.5em } ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C9C8B3.95D623B0 Content-Type: text/css; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://www.springerlink.com/config/css/content_A++_SpringerLink.css BODY { BACKGROUND: white; FONT-SIZE: 12pt } DIV.Heading1 { MARGIN-TOP: 0.7em; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; = MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.7em; COLOR: #444444; FONT-SIZE: 20pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold } DIV.SubTitle { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #444444; FONT-SIZE: = 19pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold } DIV.heading2 { MARGIN-TOP: 0.8em; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; = MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.8em; FONT-SIZE: 19pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold } DIV.SubHeading2 { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 14pt } H2.rubric { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #666666; FONT-SIZE: = 16pt } .subrubric { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #666666; FONT-SIZE: = 14pt } DIV.heading3 { MARGIN-TOP: 0.8em; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; = MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.8em; FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-WEIGHT: bold } DIV.SubHeading3 { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; = FONT-WEIGHT: bold } H4.Section3 { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 14pt } H5.Section4 { FONT-STYLE: italic; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; = FONT-SIZE: 14pt } H3.rubric { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #666666 } H5.Section5 { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 12pt } P.HeadSec6 { FONT-STYLE: italic; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif } P.HeadSec7 { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; TEXT-DECORATION: underline } .HeadList { FONT-STYLE: italic; MARGIN-TOP: 1em } A:link { COLOR: #ff0000 } A:active { COLOR: #ff0000 } A:visited { COLOR: #5f5f5f } TR.header { BACKGROUND: #d6d6d6 } TR.BibSectionHeading { FONT-SIZE: 12pt } H1 { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; COLOR: #444444; FONT-SIZE: = 20pt } H2 { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 16pt } H3 { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif } H4 { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif } H5 { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 12pt } ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C9C8B3.95D623B0--