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Subject: The Relationship among Hypoxia, Proliferation, and Outcome in Patients with De Novo Glioblastoma: A Pilot Study
Date: Thu, 1 Jul 2010 19:07:26 +0200
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            <DIV><SPAN class=3Dcitation-version></SPAN><SPAN=20
            class=3Dcitation-abbreviation>Transl Oncol. </SPAN><SPAN=20
            class=3Dcitation-publication-date>2010 June; </SPAN><SPAN=20
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            class=3Dcitation-issue>(3)</SPAN><SPAN =
class=3Dcitation-flpages>:=20
            160=E2=80=93169. </SPAN></DIV>
            <DIV><SPAN class=3Dfm-vol-iss-date>Published online 2010 =
June 1.=20
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      <DIV class=3Dfm-copyright><A class=3Dint-reflink=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/about/copyright.html">Copyright</=
A>=20
      =C2=A9 2010 Neoplasia Press, Inc. All rights reserved</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dfm-title>The Relationship among Hypoxia, =
Proliferation, and=20
      Outcome in Patients with De Novo Glioblastoma: A Pilot =
Study<SUP><A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink fn"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#FN1"=20
      rid=3D"FN1">1</A></SUP></DIV>
      <DIV class=3D"contrib-group fm-author">Sydney M Evans,<SUP>*</SUP> =
Kevin W=20
      Jenkins,<SUP>*</SUP> H Isaac Chen,<SUP>=E2=80=A0</SUP> W Timothy=20
      Jenkins,<SUP>*</SUP> Kevin D Judy,<SUP>=E2=80=A0</SUP> Wei-Ting =
Hwang,<SUP>=E2=80=A1</SUP>=20
      Robert A Lustig,<SUP>*</SUP> Alexander R Judkins,<SUP>=C2=A7</SUP> =
M Sean=20
      Grady,<SUP>=E2=80=A0</SUP> Stephen M Hahn,<SUP>*</SUP> and Cameron =
J=20
      Koch<SUP>*</SUP></DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dfm-affl><SUP>*</SUP>Department of Radiation Oncology, =

      University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, =
USA</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dfm-affl><SUP>=E2=80=A0</SUP>Department of =
Neurosurgery, University of=20
      Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dfm-affl><SUP>=E2=80=A1</SUP>Department of =
Epidemiology and=20
      Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine,=20
      Philadelphia, PA, USA</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dfm-affl><SUP>=C2=A7</SUP>Department of Pathology, =
Children's=20
      Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dfm-footnote id=3D__correspid458205>Address all =
correspondence to:=20
      Sydney M. Evans, VMD, University of Pennsylvania, Department of =
Radiation=20
      Oncology, 195 John Morgan Bldg, 37th St and Hamilton Walk, =
Philadelphia,=20
      PA 19104-6072. E-mail: <SPAN=20
      class=3De_id458209>sydevans/at/mail.med.upenn.edu</SPAN>
      <SCRIPT language=3DJavaScript type=3Dtext/javascript><!--=0A=
                                    try{initUnObscureEmail =
("e_id458209", '<a class=3D"ext-reflink" href=3D"' + =
reverseAndReplaceString('ude.nnepu.dem.liam/ta/snavedys:otliam', '/at/', =
'@') + '">' + reverseAndReplaceString('ude.nnepu.dem.liam/ta/snavedys', =
'/at/','@') + '</a>')}catch(e){}=0A=
                                //--></SCRIPT>
      </DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dfm-pubdate>Received September 4, 2009; Revised =
December 14,=20
      2009; Accepted December 15, 2009.</DIV></DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dsec id=3D__abstractid458285>
      <DIV class=3D"head1 section-title" =
id=3D__abstractid458285titletitle=20
      style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none">
      <DIV class=3Dother-sections>
      <UL class=3D"noext-menu noext-menu-hidden">
        <LI><A class=3Dfirst-link=20
        =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#">&nbsp;Othe=
r=20
        Sections=E2=96=BC</A>
        <UL class=3D"submenu head1">
          <LI class=3D"submenu-item current-item"><A class=3D""=20
          style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none" onclick=3Dreturn(false)=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#">Abstract</=
A>
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__secid45837=
0">Introduction</A>
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__secid45860=
7">Materials=20
          and Methods</A>
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__secid45910=
8">Results</A>
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__secid45952=
2">Discussion</A>
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__ref-listid=
491284">References</A></LI></UL></LI></UL></DIV>
      <DIV>Abstract</DIV></DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dsection-content =
id=3D__abstractid458285content><!--article-meta-->
      <DIV class=3D"p p-first-last" id=3D__pid458286>The hypoxia and =
proliferation=20
      index increase with grade in human glial tumors, but there is no =
agreement=20
      whether either has prognostic importance in glioblastomas. We =
evaluated=20
      these end points individually and together in 16 <EM>de novo</EM> =
human=20
      glioblastomas using antibodies against the 2-nitroimidazole =
hypoxia=20
      detection agent EF5 and the proliferation detection agent Ki-67. =
Frozen=20
      tumor tissue sections were fluorescence-stained for nuclei =
(Hoechst=20
      33342), hypoxia (anti-EF5 antibodies), and proliferation =
(anti-Ki-67=20
      antibodies). EF5 binding adjacent to Ki-67+ cells, overall EF5 =
binding,=20
      the ratio of these values, and the proliferation index were =
evaluated.=20
      Patients were classified using recursive partitioning analysis and =

      followed up until recurrence and/or death. Recursive partitioning =
analysis=20
      was statistically significant for survival (<EM>P</EM> =3D .0026). =
Overall=20
      EF5 binding, EF5 binding near Ki-67+ cells, and proliferation =
index did=20
      not predict recurrence. Two additional survival analyses based on =
ratios=20
      of the overall EF5 binding to EF5 binding near Ki-67+ cells were=20
      performed. High and low ratio values were determined by two cutoff =
points:=20
      (<EM>a</EM>) the 50% value for the ratio=20
      [EF5/Ki-67<SUB>Binding</SUB>]/[Tumor<SUB>binding</SUB>] =3D =
Ratio<SUB>EF5=20
      50%</SUB> and (<EM>b</EM>) the median EF5 value (75.6%) of the =
ratio=20
      [EF5/Ki-67<SUB>Binding</SUB>]/[Tumor<SUB>binding</SUB>] =3D=20
      Ratio<SUB>patients median</SUB>. On the basis of the Ratio<SUB>EF5 =

      50%</SUB>, recurrence (<EM>P</EM> =3D .0074) and survival =
(<EM>P</EM> =3D=20
      .0196) could be predicted. Using the Ratio<SUB>patients =
median</SUB>, only=20
      survival could be predicted (<EM>P</EM> =3D .0291). In summary, =
patients had=20
      a worse prognosis if the=20
      [EF5/Ki-67<SUB>Binding</SUB>]/[Tumor<SUB>binding</SUB>] ratio was =
high. A=20
      hypothesis for the mechanisms and translational significance of =
these=20
      findings is discussed.</DIV></DIV></DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dsec id=3D__secid458370>
      <DIV class=3D"head1 section-title" id=3D__secid458370titletitle=20
      style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none">
      <DIV class=3Dother-sections>
      <UL class=3D"noext-menu noext-menu-hidden">
        <LI><A class=3Dfirst-link=20
        =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#">&nbsp;Othe=
r=20
        Sections=E2=96=BC</A>
        <UL class=3D"submenu head1">
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__abstractid=
458285">Abstract</A>
          <LI class=3D"submenu-item current-item"><A class=3D""=20
          style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none" onclick=3Dreturn(false)=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#">Introducti=
on</A>
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__secid45860=
7">Materials=20
          and Methods</A>
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__secid45910=
8">Results</A>
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__secid45952=
2">Discussion</A>
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__ref-listid=
491284">References</A></LI></UL></LI></UL></DIV>
      <DIV>Introduction</DIV></DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dsection-content id=3D__secid458370content>
      <DIV class=3D"p p-first" id=3D__pid458376>Glioblastoma (GB) is one =
of the=20
      deadliest of human cancers, characterized by a 12- to 14-month =
median=20
      survival in patients treated with surgery, radiation, and =
temozolomide [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11870182"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R1">1</A>]. There is extensive ongoing research on the =
mechanism(s)=20
      of this dismal prognosis, including the role of signaling =
molecules,=20
      cytokines, and drug-modifying enzymes [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18669428"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R2">2</A>]. Several of these factors are modulated by =
hypoxia,=20
      leading to substantial clinical and experimental interest in this =
subject=20
      [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18026916"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R3">3</A>]. Hypoxia is present in many tumor sites =
including cervix,=20
      head and neck, prostate, bladder, pancreas, and soft tissue =
sarcomas (for=20
      review, see Evans and Koch [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode" =

      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12767506"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R4">4</A>]). Hypoxia has also been shown to affect the =
efficacy of=20
      chemotherapy [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12927570"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R5">5</A>]. In some tumor types (cervical cancer, =
sarcomas), it is=20
      associated with tumor aggression, for example, hypoxic tumors are =
more=20
      likely to invade and/or metastasize [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr =
popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R6"=20
      rid=3D"R6 R7">6,7</A>] as a result of upregulation of proteins =
such as=20
      matrix metalloproteinase, vascular endothelial growth factor, and =
BCL-XL=20
      [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R6"=20
      rid=3D"R6 R7 R8">6=E2=80=938</A>]. We have previously reported on =
the presence and=20
      level of hypoxia in a series of brain tumors of varying histologic =

      diagnosis, demonstrating that the level of hypoxia increases with =
tumor=20
      aggressiveness [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14996753"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R9">9</A>]. However, tissue PO<SUB>2</SUB> has never been=20
      demonstrated to be a predictive factor in the outcome of patients =
with GB.=20
      Proliferation, another well-studied physiologic process in tumors, =
remains=20
      controversial as to its prognostic significance in GBs [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R10"=20
      rid=3D"R10 R11 R12">10=E2=80=9312</A>].</DIV>
      <DIV class=3D"p p-last" id=3D__pid458491>EF5 is a 2-nitroimidazole =
drug that=20
      is administered intravenously to patients approximately 24 hours =
preceding=20
      surgery. It covalently binds to hypoxic cells at a rate that is =
inversely=20
      proportional to tissue PO<SUB>2</SUB> [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R13"=20
      rid=3D"R13 R14">13,14</A>]. Analytical methods using highly =
specific,=20
      fluorescent monoclonal antibodies against EF5 adducts have been =
developed,=20
      calibrated to <EM>in vitro</EM> controls, and validated, allowing =
the=20
      quantification of tissue oxygen levels and the production of =
tissue oxygen=20
      maps [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17967299"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R15">15</A>]. Immunohistochemical (IHC) studies have =
generally=20
      reported an inverse spatial relationship between hypoxic and =
proliferating=20
      cells [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R16"=20
      rid=3D"R16 R17">16,17</A>], but we noticed that proliferating=20
      (Ki-67-positive [Ki-67+]) cells could be found in regions of high =
EF5=20
      binding in many human GB tissue sections (<A=20
      class=3D"fig-table-link fig figpopup" style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: =
none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F1/"><=
SPAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Figure 1</SPAN><SPAN=20
      class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas><SPAN class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas-1><IMG =

      class=3D"icon-reflink large-thumb" title=3D"Figure 1"=20
      style=3D"BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; =
BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid"=20
      alt=3D"Figure 1"=20
      =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_01=
60_fig001.gif"=20
      =
hires=3D"/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_0160_fig001.jpg"></SPAN></S=
PAN></A>).=20
      This has been previously observed in liver metastases [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16242253"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R18">18</A>]. On the basis of our observation of =
colocalization of=20
      hypoxic and proliferating cells, we developed quantitative methods =
using=20
      frozen tissue sections to analyze the cellular PO<SUB>2</SUB> from =
tissue=20
      sections in the region immediately surrounding any defined =
anatomic=20
      structure (e.g., blood vessels [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr =
popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R19"=20
      rid=3D"R19">19</A>] or individual cells [present studies]). =
Herein, we=20
      describe the development and application of such algorithms to=20
      quantitatively assess EF5 binding in the region of Ki-67+ cells. =
We=20
      hypothesized that tumors with many proliferating hypoxic cells =
would be=20
      more biologically aggressive, perhaps due to the up-regulation of =
invasion=20
      and metastasis-causing cytokines. In this pilot study, we provide =
data=20
      supporting that the EF5 binding level surrounding proliferating =
cells,=20
      expressed as a ratio=20
      [EF5/Ki-67<SUB>binding</SUB>]/[Tumor<SUB>binding</SUB>], is a =
significant=20
      predictor of patient outcome. We also showed that this ratio =
variable can=20
      independently predict these end points beyond the recursive =
partitioning=20
      analysis (RPA) classification [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr =
popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8478956"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R20">20</A>]. (The RPA classification is based on both =
pretreatment=20
      patient and tumor characteristics and treatment-related variables, =
and it=20
      has been shown to be associated with survival duration.) =
Measurement of=20
      the relationship between hypoxia and proliferation in GBs is not =
likely to=20
      be directly applicable to clinical practice using the complex =
methods=20
      described herein. However, these techniques should inform the =
biology and=20
      pathophysiology of GBs for future investigations as well as aid =
the=20
      development of molecular and imaging theragnostics.</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dcanvas-figure-ref-outer>
      <DIV class=3Dcanvas-figure-ref-inner><A id=3DF1 name=3DF1></A>
      <TABLE class=3Dthumb-caption style=3D"CLEAR: both; WIDTH: 100%" =
cellSpacing=3D0=20
      cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0>
        <TBODY>
        <TR vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dleft>
          <TD class=3Dthumb-cell><A class=3D"icon-reflink figpopup"=20
            onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
            =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F1/">
            <DIV class=3Dthumb-ph><SPAN class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas><SPAN =

            class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas-1><IMG class=3D"icon-reflink =
large-thumb"=20
            title=3D"Figure 1"=20
            style=3D"BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; =
BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid"=20
            alt=3D"Figure 1"=20
            =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_01=
60_fig001.gif"=20
            =
hires=3D"/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_0160_fig001.jpg"></SPAN></S=
PAN>
            <DIV class=3Dsmall-thumb-canvas>
            <DIV class=3Dsmall-thumb-canvas-1><IMG=20
            class=3D"icon-reflink small-thumb" title=3D"Figure 1" =
alt=3D"Figure 1"=20
            =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_01=
60_fig001.gif"></DIV></DIV></DIV></A></TD>
          <TD class=3Dcaption-cell>
            <DIV class=3Dcaption-ph><A class=3Dside-caption=20
            onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
            =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F1/"><=
STRONG>Figure=20
            1</STRONG></A>
            <DIV class=3Dfigure-table-caption-in-article><SPAN>Examples =
of EF5,=20
            Ki-67 (proliferation), and Hoechst 33342 (viable cells) =
binding in=20
            GBs. Color codes: hypoxia (EF5 binding, red), viable cells =
(Hoechst=20
            33342, blue) and proliferation (Ki-67, green). Left panel: =
patient=20
            39; right panel: patient 55. Both</SPAN><A =
class=3Dside-caption=20
            style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 100%"=20
            onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
            =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F1/"> =

            (more ...)</A></DIV>
            <DIV=20
      =
class=3Dfigure-table-caption-in-article></DIV></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></T=
ABLE>
      <DIV class=3Dfigure-table-caption-in-article></DIV></DIV></DIV>
      <DIV style=3D"CLEAR: both"></DIV></DIV></DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dsec id=3D__secid458607>
      <DIV class=3D"head1 section-title" id=3D__secid458607titletitle=20
      style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none">
      <DIV class=3Dother-sections>
      <UL class=3D"noext-menu noext-menu-hidden">
        <LI><A class=3Dfirst-link=20
        =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#">&nbsp;Othe=
r=20
        Sections=E2=96=BC</A>
        <UL class=3D"submenu head1">
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__abstractid=
458285">Abstract</A>
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__secid45837=
0">Introduction</A>
          <LI class=3D"submenu-item current-item"><A class=3D""=20
          style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none" onclick=3Dreturn(false)=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#">Materials =

          and Methods</A>
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__secid45910=
8">Results</A>
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__secid45952=
2">Discussion</A>
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__ref-listid=
491284">References</A></LI></UL></LI></UL></DIV>
      <DIV>Materials and Methods</DIV></DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dsection-content id=3D__secid458607content>
      <DIV class=3D"p p-first-last" id=3D__pid458614>The Institutional =
Review Board=20
      of the University of Pennsylvania Clinical Trials and Scientific=20
      Monitoring Committee (Abramson Cancer Center) and the Cancer =
Therapeutics=20
      Evaluation Program of the National Cancer Institute approved this=20
      prospective trial of EF5. All patients signed a consent form for =
both the=20
      study and for privacy (Health Insurance Portability Accountability =
Act).=20
      Patients of all ethnic and sex groups were included. Eligible =
patients=20
      were those undergoing resection of a brain mass assessed as likely =
be a=20
      neoplasm based on imaging appearance. Exclusion criteria included =
patients=20
      with a history of grade 3 or 4 peripheral neuropathy [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/209809"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R21">21</A>], pregnant or nursing patients, and patients =
younger than=20
      18 years.</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dsec id=3D__secid458633>
      <DIV class=3D"head2 head-separate">EF5 Administration</DIV>
      <DIV class=3D"p p-first-last" id=3D__pid458637>The National Cancer =
Institute,=20
      Division of Cancer Treatment, supplied EF5 in 100-ml vials =
containing an=20
      aqueous solution of 3 mg/ml EF5 plus 5% dextrose and 2.4% ethanol. =
EF5 was=20
      administered through a peripheral intravenous catheter =
approximately 24=20
      hours before surgery at a rate no greater than 350 ml/h and to a =
total=20
      dose of 21 mg/kg. Blood samples for drug levels were obtained =
before=20
      (control), 1 hour after drug administration, and at the time of =
surgery.=20
      Calculation of the drug concentration integrated with respect to =
time=20
      (area under the curve, AUC) was used to correct the absolute EF5 =
tissue=20
      binding level (IHC) for variations in drug dose and drug exposure =
time=20
      between patients [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11592338"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R22">22</A>].</DIV></DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dsec id=3D__secid458656>
      <DIV class=3D"head2 head-separate">Tissue Acquisition, Processing =
for EF5=20
      Binding, and Analysis of EF5 Images</DIV>
      <DIV class=3D"p p-first" id=3D__pid458660>On the day after EF5 =
administration,=20
      tumors were surgically resected and placed in sterile, iced EXCELL =
610=20
      medium (JRH Biosciences, Lenexa, KS). In collaboration with the=20
      pathologist, tissue samples deemed unnecessary for clinical =
diagnosis were=20
      taken to the laboratory for processing and analysis.</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dp id=3D__pid458666>IHC staining methods and =
quantitative=20
      fluorescence microscopy of EF5 in <EM>in situ</EM> tumor sections =
(<A=20
      class=3D"fig-table-link fig figpopup" style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: =
none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F1/"><=
SPAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Figure 1</SPAN><SPAN=20
      class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas><SPAN class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas-1><IMG =

      class=3D"icon-reflink large-thumb" title=3D"Figure 1"=20
      style=3D"BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; =
BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid"=20
      alt=3D"Figure 1"=20
      =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_01=
60_fig001.gif"=20
      =
hires=3D"/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_0160_fig001.jpg"></SPAN></S=
PAN></A>)=20
      and EF3 in tissue cubes for cube reference binding (CRB) were =
performed as=20
      reported previously [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10766193"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R23">23</A>]. CRB determination is an <EM>in vitro</EM> =
technique=20
      where millimetersized tissue cubes taken from an individual =
patient's=20
      tumors were incubated at 600 =C2=B5M/h in EF3, a sister drug of =
EF5, under=20
      controlled hypoxic conditions. The goal of this procedure was to =
determine=20
      the maximum level of EF3 binding possible for each patient's =
tumor. This=20
      technique allowed normalization of the <EM>in situ</EM> EF5 =
binding to=20
      each tumor's maximum binding value after correction for the AUC =
[<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R22"=20
      rid=3D"R22 R23">22,23</A>]. In addition to staining for EF5 alone, =
adjacent=20
      tissue sections were 1) costained for EF5 and Ki-67 (called =
EF5/Ki-67), as=20
      previously reported [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11586098"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R24">24</A>] (<A class=3D"fig-table-link fig figpopup"=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F1/"><=
SPAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Figure 1</SPAN><SPAN=20
      class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas><SPAN class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas-1><IMG =

      class=3D"icon-reflink large-thumb" title=3D"Figure 1"=20
      style=3D"BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; =
BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid"=20
      alt=3D"Figure 1"=20
      =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_01=
60_fig001.gif"=20
      =
hires=3D"/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_0160_fig001.jpg"></SPAN></S=
PAN></A>),=20
      and 2) stained with =E2=80=9CCompeted Stain=E2=80=9D (antibody =
mixed with 0.5 mM authentic=20
      EF5) to account for fluorescence due to nonspecific staining (data =
not=20
      shown). The latter value was subtracted from the calculated value =
of=20
      <EM>in situ</EM> EF5 binding.</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dp id=3D__pid458744>Images were analyzed using =
routines written in=20
      MatLab (The MathWorks, Inc, Natick, MA), whereby EF5-dependent=20
      fluorescence intensity values were sampled within an image (or =
part=20
      thereof ) based on intact (viable) nuclei identified by a Hoechst =
33342=20
      mask [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R19"=20
      rid=3D"R19">19</A>] (<A class=3D"fig-table-link fig figpopup"=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F2/"><=
SPAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Figure 2</SPAN><SPAN=20
      class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas><SPAN class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas-1><IMG =

      class=3D"icon-reflink large-thumb" title=3D"Figure 2"=20
      style=3D"BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; =
BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid"=20
      alt=3D"Figure 2"=20
      =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_01=
60_fig002.gif"=20
      =
hires=3D"/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_0160_fig002.jpg"></SPAN></S=
PAN></A>).=20
      Hoechst 33342 was applied to the slide immediately preceding =
imaging to=20
      stain the nuclei. The final EF5 intensity values were corrected =
for lamp=20
      intensity, individual patient AUC, and the competed stain value. =
The=20
      result of these corrections provided an EF5 binding value for each =
pixel,=20
      expressed as a percent of CRB (%CRB) [<A class=3D"cite-reflink =
bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R8"=20
      rid=3D"R8 R23">8,23</A>]. We have converted %CRB into tissue =
PO<SUB>2</SUB>=20
      ranges using extensive data from <EM>in vitro</EM> studies [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R9"=20
      rid=3D"R9 R13 R23 R25">9,13,23,25</A>].</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dcanvas-figure-ref-outer>
      <DIV class=3Dcanvas-figure-ref-inner><A id=3DF2 name=3DF2></A>
      <TABLE class=3Dthumb-caption style=3D"CLEAR: both; WIDTH: 100%" =
cellSpacing=3D0=20
      cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0>
        <TBODY>
        <TR vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dleft>
          <TD class=3Dthumb-cell><A class=3D"icon-reflink figpopup"=20
            onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
            =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F2/">
            <DIV class=3Dthumb-ph><SPAN class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas><SPAN =

            class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas-1><IMG class=3D"icon-reflink =
large-thumb"=20
            title=3D"Figure 2"=20
            style=3D"BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; =
BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid"=20
            alt=3D"Figure 2"=20
            =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_01=
60_fig002.gif"=20
            =
hires=3D"/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_0160_fig002.jpg"></SPAN></S=
PAN>
            <DIV class=3Dsmall-thumb-canvas>
            <DIV class=3Dsmall-thumb-canvas-1><IMG=20
            class=3D"icon-reflink small-thumb" title=3D"Figure 2" =
alt=3D"Figure 2"=20
            =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_01=
60_fig002.gif"></DIV></DIV></DIV></A></TD>
          <TD class=3Dcaption-cell>
            <DIV class=3Dcaption-ph><A class=3Dside-caption=20
            onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
            =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F2/"><=
STRONG>Figure=20
            2</STRONG></A>
            <DIV class=3Dfigure-table-caption-in-article><SPAN>Analysis =
of EF5=20
            value surrounding Ki-67+ cells: The upper left image depicts =
nuclei=20
            stained with Hoechst 33342 (the same process is done using=20
            Ki-67-stained cells, not shown). The upper central image is =
the=20
            point map that results from the counting algorithm</SPAN><A=20
            class=3Dside-caption style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 100%"=20
            onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
            =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F2/"> =

            (more ...)</A></DIV>
            <DIV=20
      =
class=3Dfigure-table-caption-in-article></DIV></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></T=
ABLE>
      <DIV class=3Dfigure-table-caption-in-article></DIV></DIV></DIV>
      <DIV style=3D"CLEAR: both"></DIV>
      <DIV class=3D"p p-last" id=3D__pid458803>To further characterize =
the image,=20
      cumulative frequency histograms of the %CRB of all the pixels in =
the image=20
      were calculated. Using this terminology, the median binding would =
be=20
      CF<SUB>50</SUB>. To emphasize the most hypoxic cells, we used the=20
      CF<SUB>95</SUB> value, wherein 95% of the cells have lower values =
and 5%=20
      have higher values. Thus, CF<SUB>95</SUB> =3D 20% would mean that =
95% of the=20
      EF5 values in the image were at or below 20% of maximum EF5=20
      binding.</DIV></DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dsec id=3D__secid458820>
      <DIV class=3D"head2 head-separate">Proliferation Analysis</DIV>
      <DIV class=3D"p p-first" id=3D__pid458824>All images were loaded,=20
      preprocessed, and analyzed based on Hoechst 33342 and EF5/Ki-67 =
images for=20
      each tissue section (<A class=3D"fig-table-link fig figpopup"=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F2/"><=
SPAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Figure 2</SPAN><SPAN=20
      class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas><SPAN class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas-1><IMG =

      class=3D"icon-reflink large-thumb" title=3D"Figure 2"=20
      style=3D"BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; =
BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid"=20
      alt=3D"Figure 2"=20
      =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_01=
60_fig002.gif"=20
      =
hires=3D"/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_0160_fig002.jpg"></SPAN></S=
PAN></A>).=20
      To correct for small misalignments due to wavelength shifts, the =
EF5/Ki-67=20
      images were each aligned to the Hoechst 33342 image.</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dp id=3D__pid458839>The Hoechst 33342 image was masked =
to reduce=20
      background noise using the Imtophat method (MatLab; The MathWorks, =
Inc). A=20
      threshold was applied to eliminate all pixels with an intensity =
value=20
      below 0.005, yielding a black-and-white image mask. The resulting =
image=20
      was repeatedly (up to 1000 times) morphed with a majority =
transformation=20
      that turns any black pixel surrounded by five or more white pixels =
to=20
      white. This step filled in small areas that may have been missed =
by the=20
      previous threshold. The masks were reviewed individually at the =
end of the=20
      process to ascertain that the process was successful in capturing =
the=20
      features of the Hoechst 33342 image (<A=20
      class=3D"fig-table-link fig figpopup" style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: =
none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F2/"><=
SPAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Figure 2</SPAN><SPAN=20
      class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas><SPAN class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas-1><IMG =

      class=3D"icon-reflink large-thumb" title=3D"Figure 2"=20
      style=3D"BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; =
BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid"=20
      alt=3D"Figure 2"=20
      =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_01=
60_fig002.gif"=20
      =
hires=3D"/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_0160_fig002.jpg"></SPAN></S=
PAN></A>).</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dp id=3D__pid458857>A counting algorithm was then =
applied to the=20
      EF5/Ki-67 and Hoechst 33342 images to identify each cell and to =
determine=20
      accurate counts of the number of total cells and of proliferating =
cells.=20
      To eliminate background values, the Imtophat filter was applied to =
both=20
      images. Each cell was identified in an iterative process. Each =
iteration=20
      included identification, centralization, and hole-punching steps =
(<A=20
      class=3D"fig-table-link fig figpopup" style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: =
none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F2/"><=
SPAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Figure 2</SPAN><SPAN=20
      class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas><SPAN class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas-1><IMG =

      class=3D"icon-reflink large-thumb" title=3D"Figure 2"=20
      style=3D"BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; =
BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid"=20
      alt=3D"Figure 2"=20
      =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_01=
60_fig002.gif"=20
      =
hires=3D"/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_0160_fig002.jpg"></SPAN></S=
PAN></A>).=20
      Identification was achieved by applying a threshold to the image =
that was=20
      at first highly discriminating and was gradually reduced in a =
quadratic=20
      fashion to a preset minimum value determined through repeated=20
      experimentation. Each of the identified objects was then =
=E2=80=9Cshrunk=E2=80=9D to a=20
      point using a centralization process resulting in the replacement =
of the=20
      cell with a single pixel located at its centroid (center of mass). =
The=20
      hole punch completed the iteration, whereby the original image had =
a=20
      cell-sized (15 =C2=B5m) disk centered on each centralized =
identified point=20
      removed from future iterative steps. This process resulted in a =
highly=20
      accurate cell count, as determined by hand counting in small areas =
(data=20
      not shown). The procedure used 30 iterations, with an initial =
threshold=20
      value of 1.00 decreasing to 0.03 in a quadratic fashion. These =
steps=20
      resulted in two new images termed <EM>point maps</EM>, one for =
Hoechst=20
      33342 and one for the Ki-67 aspect of the EF5/Ki-67 images (<A=20
      class=3D"fig-table-link fig figpopup" style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: =
none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F2/"><=
SPAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Figure 2</SPAN><SPAN=20
      class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas><SPAN class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas-1><IMG =

      class=3D"icon-reflink large-thumb" title=3D"Figure 2"=20
      style=3D"BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; =
BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid"=20
      alt=3D"Figure 2"=20
      =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_01=
60_fig002.gif"=20
      =
hires=3D"/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_0160_fig002.jpg"></SPAN></S=
PAN></A>).</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dp id=3D__pid458895>After the Hoechst 33342 and Ki-67 =
point maps=20
      were created, the correspondence between each Ki-67+ object and =
exactly=20
      one Hoechst 33342-identified nucleus was checked, for example, to =
confirm=20
      that the Ki-67-labeled objects were a strict subset of Hoechst=20
      33342-labeled objects. To do this, we relied on the fact that the =
two=20
      point maps were generated from aligned images of the same tissue =
piece. A=20
      final point map was generated from the Hoechst 33342 point map =
where, for=20
      each Ki-67 point, the nearest Hoechst 33342 point was tagged as =
Ki-67+ (<A=20
      class=3D"fig-table-link fig figpopup" style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: =
none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F2/"><=
SPAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Figure 2</SPAN><SPAN=20
      class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas><SPAN class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas-1><IMG =

      class=3D"icon-reflink large-thumb" title=3D"Figure 2"=20
      style=3D"BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; =
BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid"=20
      alt=3D"Figure 2"=20
      =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_01=
60_fig002.gif"=20
      =
hires=3D"/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_0160_fig002.jpg"></SPAN></S=
PAN></A>).=20
      If a Ki-67+ point was not within 15 =C2=B5m (roughly the size of a =
cell), then=20
      it was assumed that the anti-Ki-67 antibody had caused an =
artifact, which=20
      was then eliminated. This was found to be less than 1% of the =
cells=20
      examined (data not shown). Using this point map, our goal was to =
obtain=20
      information about the tissue oxygen level in the immediate =
vicinity of=20
      each Ki-67+ object. However, signal from the anti-Ki-67 was often =
very=20
      strong, and despite using a different fluorescent color to =
quantify EF5=20
      binding, there was some bleed through from the Ki-67 dye (Cy3 =
<EM>vs</EM>=20
      Cy5, respectively). This represented a substantial signal in =
regions of=20
      low EF5 binding because EF5 binding is quantified over an =
intensity range=20
      spanning several decades [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18494550"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R25">25</A>]. To eliminate the Ki-67 fluorescence from =
calculation of=20
      the EF5 fluorescence surrounding the Ki-67+ cells, the =
fluorescence in the=20
      central regions of the area surrounding these cells was removed =
from=20
      analysis. Specifically, EF5 binding was assessed in a donut-shaped =
region=20
      centered on each Ki-67+ nucleus, with the central hole 15 =C2=B5m =
in diameter=20
      and the overall diameter as 50 =C2=B5m, excluding any pixels =
eliminated by the=20
      overall tissue mask (<A class=3D"fig-table-link fig figpopup"=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F2/"><=
SPAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Figure 2</SPAN><SPAN=20
      class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas><SPAN class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas-1><IMG =

      class=3D"icon-reflink large-thumb" title=3D"Figure 2"=20
      style=3D"BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; =
BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid"=20
      alt=3D"Figure 2"=20
      =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_01=
60_fig002.gif"=20
      =
hires=3D"/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_0160_fig002.jpg"></SPAN></S=
PAN></A>).</DIV>
      <DIV class=3D"p p-last" id=3D__pid458946>The average EF5 value for =
the entire=20
      image (minus the center of the =E2=80=9Cdonuts=E2=80=9D) was =
calculated based on the=20
      overall tissue mask. Cumulative frequency graphs of EF5 binding in =
the=20
      tissue section being evaluated <EM>versus</EM> near Ki-67+ cells =
was=20
      determined based on the 95th percentile of EF5 binding =
(CF<SUB>95</SUB>).=20
      Final analyses were based on the CF<SUB>95</SUB> values for the =
brightest=20
      slide evaluated for each patient as in our previously published =
studies=20
      [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R15"=20
      rid=3D"R15 R26 R27">15,26,27</A>].</DIV></DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dsec id=3D__secid458975>
      <DIV class=3D"head2 head-separate">Pathological Examination</DIV>
      <DIV class=3D"p p-first-last" id=3D__pid458980>All tissue sections =
were=20
      reviewed by a neuropathologist to confirm that the tissue section=20
      contained tumor. Tissue sections that contained less than 20% =
viable tumor=20
      or more than 80% normal tissue or necrosis were eliminated from =
further=20
      analysis. A minimum of three tissue sections from each patient was =

      examined. The histologic diagnosis of the tumor in the EF5-stained =
tissue=20
      sections was compared with the pathologic diagnosis based on=20
      paraffin-embedded tissue sections. None of the EF5-stained tissue =
sections=20
      received a diagnosis that differed from that rendered clinically. =
A=20
      minimum of three tumor sections stained for EF5 and EF5/Ki-67 was =
examined=20
      for each patient.</DIV></DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dsec id=3D__secid458988>
      <DIV class=3D"head2 head-separate">Tumor Staging and Patient =
Outcome</DIV>
      <DIV class=3D"p p-first-last" id=3D__pid458992>The World Health =
Organization=20
      grade was based on pathological examination of the surgical =
specimen.=20
      Recurrence was determined by the treating physician based on =
magnetic=20
      resonance imaging studies (usually a change over time) and/or the=20
      examination of a pathological specimen from surgical re-resection =
or=20
      biopsy.</DIV></DIV>
      <DIV class=3D"sec sec-last" id=3D__secid458997>
      <DIV class=3D"head2 head-separate">Statistical Methods</DIV>
      <DIV class=3D"p p-first" id=3D__pid459001>Descriptive statistics =
(frequency,=20
      percentage, mean, and SD) were used to report distributions of =
patient and=20
      tumor variables. Time to recurrence was defined from the date of =
EF5=20
      administration (1 day preceding surgery) to the date of a =
documented event=20
      (recurrence or death due to any cause) or censored at last patient =

      contact. For patients in whom a gross total resection was not =
obtained,=20
      time to recurrence was defined as the point at which tumor =
progression=20
      (i.e., growth) was identified on imaging. In two patients (nos. 32 =
and=20
      58), the recurrence date could not be confirmed, so for analysis =
the date=20
      of recurrence was taken as the date of death. Overall survival was =
defined=20
      from the date of EF5 administration (1 day preceding surgery) or =
censored=20
      at the last patient contact. Potential prognostic factors =
considered in=20
      this analysis were the RPA classification [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R20"=20
      rid=3D"R20 R28">20,28</A>], proliferation index (PI), EF5 =
(CF<SUB>95</SUB>)=20
      binding in the vicinity of Ki-67+ cells, EF5 binding in the =
brightest=20
      tissue section examined (CF<SUB>95 max</SUB>), and a ratio of the =
latter=20
      two values. Survival analysis of the ratio were based on two =
cutoff=20
      points: (<EM>a</EM>) the 50% EF5 value for the ratio of=20
      [EF5/Ki-67<SUB>binding</SUB>]/[Tumor<SUB>binding</SUB>] =
(Ratio<SUB>EF5=20
      50%</SUB>) and (<EM>b</EM>) the Ratio<SUB>patients median</SUB> =
value=20
      (=3D75.6%; <A class=3D"fig-table-link table" =
style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'true', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/table/T1/"><S=
PAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Table 1</SPAN></A>).</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dcanvas-table-ref-outer>
      <DIV class=3Dcanvas-table-ref-inner><A id=3DT1 name=3DT1></A>
      <TABLE class=3Dthumb-caption style=3D"CLEAR: both; WIDTH: 100%" =
cellSpacing=3D0=20
      cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0>
        <TBODY>
        <TR vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dleft>
          <TD class=3Dthumb-cell><A=20
            onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'table', 1024, 800)"=20
            =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/table/T1/">
            <DIV class=3Dthumb-ph><IMG class=3Dicon-reflink =
title=3D"Table 1"=20
            style=3D"BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; =
BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid"=20
            alt=3D"Table 1"=20
            =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/table-icon.gif"><=
/DIV></A></TD>
          <TD class=3Dcaption-cell>
            <DIV class=3Dcaption-ph><A class=3Dside-caption=20
            onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
            =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/table/T1/"><S=
TRONG>Table=20
            1</STRONG></A>
            <DIV class=3Dfigure-table-caption-in-article><SPAN>Ratio =
Value=20
            Definitions and Details.</SPAN></DIV>
            <DIV=20
      =
class=3Dfigure-table-caption-in-article></DIV></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></T=
ABLE></DIV></DIV>
      <DIV style=3D"CLEAR: both"></DIV>
      <DIV class=3D"p p-last" id=3D__pid459066>The distributions of time =
to event=20
      outcomes were estimated by the method of Kaplan and Meier [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R29"=20
      rid=3D"R29">29</A>] and compared among patient groups defined by a =

      prognostic factor using log-rank tests [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5910392"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R30">30</A>]. The independent prognostic value of a factor =
was=20
      evaluated using a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R31"=20
      rid=3D"R31">31</A>]. Statistical significance was defined as =
<EM>P</EM> &lt;=20
      .05. Borderline significance was defined as less than=20
      0.10.</DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dsec id=3D__secid459108>
      <DIV class=3D"head1 section-title" id=3D__secid459108titletitle=20
      style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none">
      <DIV class=3Dother-sections>
      <UL class=3D"noext-menu noext-menu-hidden">
        <LI><A class=3Dfirst-link=20
        =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#">&nbsp;Othe=
r=20
        Sections=E2=96=BC</A>
        <UL class=3D"submenu head1">
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__abstractid=
458285">Abstract</A>
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__secid45837=
0">Introduction</A>
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__secid45860=
7">Materials=20
          and Methods</A>
          <LI class=3D"submenu-item current-item"><A class=3D""=20
          style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none" onclick=3Dreturn(false)=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#">Results</A=
>
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__secid45952=
2">Discussion</A>
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__ref-listid=
491284">References</A></LI></UL></LI></UL></DIV>
      <DIV>Results</DIV></DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dsection-content id=3D__secid459108content>
      <DIV class=3D"p p-first" id=3D__pid459115>Between September 2000 =
and November=20
      2005, 17 patients with previously untreated GB (World Health =
Organization=20
      grade 4 gliomas) were entered into this clinical trial of EF5. One =
patient=20
      deteriorated rapidly postoperatively and died of non-brain =
tumor-related=20
      causes preceding the onset of radiation therapy; this patient was =
not=20
      included in the analysis. Of the 16 remaining patients, 15 had =
died and 1=20
      patient (no. 115) remained alive and without recurrence at the =
time of=20
      analysis. The patients' demographics and the details of their =
tumors and=20
      treatments are summarized in <A class=3D"fig-table-link table"=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'true', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/table/T2/"><S=
PAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Table 2</SPAN></A>. The =
patients' mean=20
      age was 56.9 years (range, 23=E2=80=9377 years), with 12 males and =
4 females.=20
      Fifteen patients were white and one patient was African American. =
There=20
      were 3, 9, and 4 patients with RPA levels of 3, 4, and 5, =
respectively (<A=20
      class=3D"fig-table-link table" style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'true', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/table/T2/"><S=
PAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Table 2</SPAN></A>). Survival =
analysis=20
      confirmed that RPA classification was predictive of patient =
survival in=20
      this group of patients (RPA 3 and 4 <EM>vs</EM> RPA 5, <EM>P</EM> =
=3D=20
      .0026). Despite the small number of patients included in this =
trial, this=20
      finding confirms that these 16 patients are generally =
representative of=20
      patients with <EM>de novo</EM> GBs reported in the literature [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9422557"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R28">28</A>]. All patients received surgery with the intent =
of gross=20
      total resection followed by external beam radiation therapy (<A=20
      class=3D"fig-table-link table" style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'true', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/table/T2/"><S=
PAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Table 2</SPAN></A>). In three =
patients,=20
      the actual radiation prescription could not be determined, =
although notes=20
      from the outside hospitals confirmed that full-course radiation =
therapy=20
      had been administered. In four patients, additional radiation was =
given at=20
      the time of recurrence by iodine 125 (<SUP>125</SUP>I) monoclonal =
antibody=20
      treatment (<EM>n</EM> =3D 1) or Gliasite balloon (<EM>n</EM> =3D =
3; <A=20
      class=3D"fig-table-link table" style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'true', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/table/T2/"><S=
PAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Table 2</SPAN></A>). =
Administration of=20
      adjuvant therapy (chemotherapy, hormonal, or molecular therapy) =
either=20
      during or after initial radiation therapy or at the time of =
recurrence=20
      could be confirmed in 13 of 16 patients. Two patients received no =
adjuvant=20
      therapy, and this information was not available in one patient.=20
      Temozolomide, either during and/or after radiation, was =
administered in 11=20
      patients. There was no relationship between temozolomide =
administration=20
      and outcome in this small patient group (<EM>P</EM> &gt; =
.05).</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dcanvas-table-ref-outer>
      <DIV class=3Dcanvas-table-ref-inner><A id=3DT2 name=3DT2></A>
      <TABLE class=3Dthumb-caption style=3D"CLEAR: both; WIDTH: 100%" =
cellSpacing=3D0=20
      cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0>
        <TBODY>
        <TR vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dleft>
          <TD class=3Dthumb-cell><A=20
            onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'table', 1024, 800)"=20
            =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/table/T2/">
            <DIV class=3Dthumb-ph><IMG class=3Dicon-reflink =
title=3D"Table 2"=20
            style=3D"BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; =
BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid"=20
            alt=3D"Table 2"=20
            =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/table-icon.gif"><=
/DIV></A></TD>
          <TD class=3Dcaption-cell>
            <DIV class=3Dcaption-ph><A class=3Dside-caption=20
            onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
            =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/table/T2/"><S=
TRONG>Table=20
            2</STRONG></A>
            <DIV class=3Dfigure-table-caption-in-article><SPAN>Patient=20
            Demographics, Tumor Characteristics, and Treatment=20
            Modalities.</SPAN></DIV>
            <DIV=20
      =
class=3Dfigure-table-caption-in-article></DIV></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></T=
ABLE></DIV></DIV>
      <DIV style=3D"CLEAR: both"></DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dp id=3D__pid459213>All 16 gliomas contained regions =
of hypoxia,=20
      although the level and extent of hypoxia varied considerably =
between=20
      patients. As shown in <A class=3D"fig-table-link table"=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'true', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/table/T3/"><S=
PAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Table 3</SPAN></A>, the most =
hypoxic=20
      region, CF795 max in the 16 GBs ranged from 3.2% (mild hypoxia,=20
      PO<SUB>2</SUB> =E2=89=88 2.5%) to 26.7% (moderate hypoxia, =
PO<SUB>2</SUB> =E2=89=A4 0.5%).=20
      On the basis of these data, most of the tumor cells in any of =
these tumors=20
      were at intermediate or high O<SUB>2</SUB> levels, and all tumors=20
      contained many cells that were physiologically oxic. When analysis =
of=20
      patient outcome was performed based on the CF<SUB>95 max</SUB> of=20
      EF5-alone-stained sections, this value was not predictive for =
either tumor=20
      recurrence or patient survival (<SUB>P</SUB> &gt; .05).</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dcanvas-table-ref-outer>
      <DIV class=3Dcanvas-table-ref-inner><A id=3DT3 name=3DT3></A>
      <TABLE class=3Dthumb-caption style=3D"CLEAR: both; WIDTH: 100%" =
cellSpacing=3D0=20
      cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0>
        <TBODY>
        <TR vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dleft>
          <TD class=3Dthumb-cell><A=20
            onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'table', 1024, 800)"=20
            =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/table/T3/">
            <DIV class=3Dthumb-ph><IMG class=3Dicon-reflink =
title=3D"Table 3"=20
            style=3D"BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; =
BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid"=20
            alt=3D"Table 3"=20
            =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/table-icon.gif"><=
/DIV></A></TD>
          <TD class=3Dcaption-cell>
            <DIV class=3Dcaption-ph><A class=3Dside-caption=20
            onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
            =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/table/T3/"><S=
TRONG>Table=20
            3</STRONG></A>
            <DIV class=3Dfigure-table-caption-in-article><SPAN>Patient =
Survival=20
            and Recurrence End Point Analyses.</SPAN></DIV>
            <DIV=20
      =
class=3Dfigure-table-caption-in-article></DIV></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></T=
ABLE></DIV></DIV>
      <DIV style=3D"CLEAR: both"></DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dp id=3D__pid459251>Tissue sections were also =
costained with=20
      EF5/Ki-67 and analyzed for both PI and the EF5 values surrounding =
Ki-67+=20
      cells (<A class=3D"fig-table-link fig figpopup"=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F1/"><=
SPAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Figure 1</SPAN><SPAN=20
      class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas><SPAN class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas-1><IMG =

      class=3D"icon-reflink large-thumb" title=3D"Figure 1"=20
      style=3D"BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; =
BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid"=20
      alt=3D"Figure 1"=20
      =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_01=
60_fig001.gif"=20
      =
hires=3D"/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_0160_fig001.jpg"></SPAN></S=
PAN></A>=20
      and <A class=3D"fig-table-link table" style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: =
none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'true', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/table/T3/"><S=
PAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Table 3</SPAN></A>). The PIs =
in this=20
      group of GBs ranged from 1.3% to 15.5% (median, 5%). Results of =
the=20
      survival analysis based on the PI or the EF5 values surrounding =
Ki-67+=20
      cells were not significant for either recurrence or survival =
(<EM>P</EM>=20
      &gt; .05).</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dp id=3D__pid459281>As described above, two cutoff =
points were=20
      tested for evaluating the predictive value of the=20
      [EF5/Ki-67<SUB>binding</SUB>]/[Tumor<SUB>binding</SUB>] ratio:=20
      (<EM>a</EM>) Ratio<SUB>EF5 50%</SUB> (4 patients below =
CF<SUB>95</SUB> =3D=20
      50% and 12 patients above CF<SUB>95</SUB> =3D 50%) and =
(<EM>b</EM>)=20
      Ratio<SUB>patients median</SUB> (75.6%; 8 patients above and below =
this=20
      value) (<A class=3D"fig-table-link table" =
style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'true', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/table/T1/"><S=
PAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Tables 1</SPAN></A> and <A=20
      class=3D"fig-table-link table" style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'true', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/table/T3/"><S=
PAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">3</SPAN></A>). Using the =
variable=20
      Ratio<SUB>EF5 50%</SUB>, patients had a better prognosis if the =
ratio was=20
      less than 50%. This discriminator was predictive of both time to=20
      recurrence (<EM>P</EM> =3D .0074; <A class=3D"fig-table-link fig =
figpopup"=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F3/"><=
SPAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Figure 3</SPAN><SPAN=20
      class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas><SPAN class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas-1><IMG =

      class=3D"icon-reflink large-thumb" title=3D"Figure 3"=20
      style=3D"BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; =
BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid"=20
      alt=3D"Figure 3"=20
      =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_01=
60_fig003.gif"=20
      =
hires=3D"/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_0160_fig003.jpg"></SPAN></S=
PAN></A>=20
      and <A class=3D"fig-table-link table" style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: =
none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'true', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/table/T1/"><S=
PAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Table 1</SPAN></A>) and =
overall=20
      survival (<EM>P</EM> =3D .0196) (<A class=3D"fig-table-link fig =
figpopup"=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F4/"><=
SPAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Figure =
4<EM>A</EM></SPAN><SPAN=20
      class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas><SPAN class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas-1><IMG =

      class=3D"icon-reflink large-thumb" title=3D"Figure 4"=20
      style=3D"BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; =
BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid"=20
      alt=3D"Figure 4"=20
      =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_01=
60_fig004.gif"=20
      =
hires=3D"/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_0160_fig004.jpg"></SPAN></S=
PAN></A>=20
      and <A class=3D"fig-table-link table" style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: =
none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'true', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/table/T1/"><S=
PAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Table 1</SPAN></A>). When =
considered=20
      along with RPA classification for overall survival (recurrence was =
not=20
      tested because RPA is not predictive of recurrence), the =
Ratio<SUB>EF5=20
      50%</SUB> was found to be an independent prognostic factor =
(<EM>P</EM> =3D=20
      .038).</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dcanvas-figure-ref-outer>
      <DIV class=3Dcanvas-figure-ref-inner><A id=3DF3 name=3DF3></A>
      <TABLE class=3Dthumb-caption style=3D"CLEAR: both; WIDTH: 100%" =
cellSpacing=3D0=20
      cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0>
        <TBODY>
        <TR vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dleft>
          <TD class=3Dthumb-cell><A class=3D"icon-reflink figpopup"=20
            onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
            =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F3/">
            <DIV class=3Dthumb-ph><SPAN class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas><SPAN =

            class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas-1><IMG class=3D"icon-reflink =
large-thumb"=20
            title=3D"Figure 3"=20
            style=3D"BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; =
BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid"=20
            alt=3D"Figure 3"=20
            =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_01=
60_fig003.gif"=20
            =
hires=3D"/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_0160_fig003.jpg"></SPAN></S=
PAN>
            <DIV class=3Dsmall-thumb-canvas>
            <DIV class=3Dsmall-thumb-canvas-1><IMG=20
            class=3D"icon-reflink small-thumb" title=3D"Figure 3" =
alt=3D"Figure 3"=20
            =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_01=
60_fig003.gif"></DIV></DIV></DIV></A></TD>
          <TD class=3Dcaption-cell>
            <DIV class=3Dcaption-ph><A class=3Dside-caption=20
            onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
            =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F3/"><=
STRONG>Figure=20
            3</STRONG></A>
            <DIV class=3Dfigure-table-caption-in-article><SPAN>Analysis =
of time to=20
            tumor recurrence in 16 newly diagnosed GB patients based on =
their=20
            [EF5/Ki-67<SUB>binding</SUB>]/[Tumor<SUB>binding</SUB>] =
ratio.=20
            Patients with a Ratio<SUB>EF5 50%</SUB> less than 50% =
(<EM>n</EM> =3D=20
            4; dotted line) have a significantly longer time to =
recurrence than=20
            those with</SPAN><A class=3Dside-caption style=3D"FONT-SIZE: =
100%"=20
            onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
            =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F3/"> =

            (more ...)</A></DIV>
            <DIV=20
      =
class=3Dfigure-table-caption-in-article></DIV></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></T=
ABLE>
      <DIV class=3Dfigure-table-caption-in-article></DIV></DIV></DIV>
      <DIV style=3D"CLEAR: both"></DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dcanvas-figure-ref-outer>
      <DIV class=3Dcanvas-figure-ref-inner><A id=3DF4 name=3DF4></A>
      <TABLE class=3Dthumb-caption style=3D"CLEAR: both; WIDTH: 100%" =
cellSpacing=3D0=20
      cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0>
        <TBODY>
        <TR vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dleft>
          <TD class=3Dthumb-cell><A class=3D"icon-reflink figpopup"=20
            onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
            =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F4/">
            <DIV class=3Dthumb-ph><SPAN class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas><SPAN =

            class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas-1><IMG class=3D"icon-reflink =
large-thumb"=20
            title=3D"Figure 4"=20
            style=3D"BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; =
BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid"=20
            alt=3D"Figure 4"=20
            =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_01=
60_fig004.gif"=20
            =
hires=3D"/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_0160_fig004.jpg"></SPAN></S=
PAN>
            <DIV class=3Dsmall-thumb-canvas>
            <DIV class=3Dsmall-thumb-canvas-1><IMG=20
            class=3D"icon-reflink small-thumb" title=3D"Figure 4" =
alt=3D"Figure 4"=20
            =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_01=
60_fig004.gif"></DIV></DIV></DIV></A></TD>
          <TD class=3Dcaption-cell>
            <DIV class=3Dcaption-ph><A class=3Dside-caption=20
            onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
            =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F4/"><=
STRONG>Figure=20
            4</STRONG></A>
            <DIV class=3Dfigure-table-caption-in-article><SPAN>Analysis =
of time to=20
            patient survival in 16 newly diagnosed GB patients based on =
their=20
            [EF5/Ki-67<SUB>binding</SUB>]/[Tumor<SUB>binding</SUB>] =
ratio. (A)=20
            Patients with a Ratio<SUB>EF5 50%</SUB> less than 50% =
(<EM>n</EM> =3D=20
            4; dotted line) have a significantly longer time to =
recurrence than=20
            those</SPAN><A class=3Dside-caption style=3D"FONT-SIZE: =
100%"=20
            onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
            =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F4/"> =

            (more ...)</A></DIV>
            <DIV=20
      =
class=3Dfigure-table-caption-in-article></DIV></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></T=
ABLE>
      <DIV class=3Dfigure-table-caption-in-article></DIV></DIV></DIV>
      <DIV style=3D"CLEAR: both"></DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dp id=3D__pid459403>Using Ratio<SUB>patients =
median</SUB> as a=20
      discriminator, there was no predictive value for time to =
recurrence=20
      (<EM>P</EM> =3D .17; <A class=3D"fig-table-link table"=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'true', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/table/T1/"><S=
PAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Table 1</SPAN></A>), but it =
was=20
      predictive for overall survival (<EM>P</EM> =3D .038) (<A=20
      class=3D"fig-table-link fig figpopup" style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: =
none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F4/"><=
SPAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Figure 4</SPAN><SPAN=20
      class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas><SPAN class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas-1><IMG =

      class=3D"icon-reflink large-thumb" title=3D"Figure 4"=20
      style=3D"BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; =
BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid"=20
      alt=3D"Figure 4"=20
      =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_01=
60_fig004.gif"=20
      =
hires=3D"/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_0160_fig004.jpg"></SPAN></S=
PAN></A>=20
      and <A class=3D"fig-table-link table" style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: =
none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'true', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/table/T1/"><S=
PAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Table 1</SPAN></A>). When =
considered=20
      along with RPA classification, the Ratio<SUB>patients median</SUB> =
value=20
      was found to be only borderline in its association with overall =
survival=20
      (HR =3D 2.8, <EM>P</EM> =3D .09).</DIV>
      <DIV class=3D"p p-last" id=3D__pid459458>In addition to performing =
a=20
      multivariate analysis, we performed a univariate analysis of=20
      [EF5/Ki-67<SUB>binding</SUB>]/[Tumor<SUB>binding</SUB>] ratio =
values but=20
      only included the RPA class 3 or 4 (<EM>n</EM> =3D 12; <A=20
      class=3D"fig-table-link fig figpopup" style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: =
none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F5/"><=
SPAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Figure 5</SPAN><SPAN=20
      class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas><SPAN class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas-1><IMG =

      class=3D"icon-reflink large-thumb" title=3D"Figure 5"=20
      style=3D"BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; =
BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid"=20
      alt=3D"Figure 5"=20
      =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_01=
60_fig005.gif"=20
      =
hires=3D"/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_0160_fig005.jpg"></SPAN></S=
PAN></A>).=20
      Although this further reduces the sample size, the remaining =
patient=20
      subset was somewhat more homogeneous. This analysis will not =
answer the=20
      question of whether=20
      [EF5/Ki-67<SUB>binding</SUB>]/[Tumor<SUB>binding</SUB>] ratio is =
an=20
      independent predictor of RPA but rather whether the predictive =
ability of=20
      this ratio will hold in patients with RPA =3D 3 or 4. =
Ratio<SUB>EF5=20
      50%</SUB> had a hazard ratio of 4.4 (95% confidence interval =
0.90=E2=80=9321.1)=20
      and a significant log-rank test <EM>P</EM> =3D .048. =
Ratio<SUB>patients=20
      median</SUB>, using cutoff point of 75.6%, had a hazard ratio of =
3.4 (95%=20
      confidence interval [CI], 0.89-13.3) and a borderline significant =
log-rank=20
      test (<EM>P</EM> =3D .059; <A class=3D"fig-table-link table"=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'true', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/table/T1/"><S=
PAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Table 1</SPAN></A>).</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dcanvas-figure-ref-outer>
      <DIV class=3Dcanvas-figure-ref-inner><A id=3DF5 name=3DF5></A>
      <TABLE class=3Dthumb-caption style=3D"CLEAR: both; WIDTH: 100%" =
cellSpacing=3D0=20
      cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0>
        <TBODY>
        <TR vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dleft>
          <TD class=3Dthumb-cell><A class=3D"icon-reflink figpopup"=20
            onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
            =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F5/">
            <DIV class=3Dthumb-ph><SPAN class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas><SPAN =

            class=3Dlarge-thumb-canvas-1><IMG class=3D"icon-reflink =
large-thumb"=20
            title=3D"Figure 5"=20
            style=3D"BORDER-RIGHT: 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: 1px solid; =
BORDER-LEFT: 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: 1px solid"=20
            alt=3D"Figure 5"=20
            =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_01=
60_fig005.gif"=20
            =
hires=3D"/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_0160_fig005.jpg"></SPAN></S=
PAN>
            <DIV class=3Dsmall-thumb-canvas>
            <DIV class=3Dsmall-thumb-canvas-1><IMG=20
            class=3D"icon-reflink small-thumb" title=3D"Figure 5" =
alt=3D"Figure 5"=20
            =
src=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/bin/tlo0303_01=
60_fig005.gif"></DIV></DIV></DIV></A></TD>
          <TD class=3Dcaption-cell>
            <DIV class=3Dcaption-ph><A class=3Dside-caption=20
            onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
            =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F5/"><=
STRONG>Figure=20
            5</STRONG></A>
            <DIV =
class=3Dfigure-table-caption-in-article><SPAN>Multivariate=20
            analysis of 16 newly diagnosed GB patients based on their=20
            [EF5/Ki-67<SUB>binding</SUB>]/[Tumor<SUB>binding</SUB>] =
ratio and=20
            their RPA classification. When considered along with RPA=20
            classification for overall survival, Ratio<SUB>EF5 50%</SUB> =
was=20
            found to be an independent</SPAN><A class=3Dside-caption=20
            style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 100%"=20
            onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'figure', 1024, 800)"=20
            =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/figure/F5/"> =

            (more ...)</A></DIV>
            <DIV=20
      =
class=3Dfigure-table-caption-in-article></DIV></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></T=
ABLE>
      <DIV class=3Dfigure-table-caption-in-article></DIV></DIV></DIV>
      <DIV style=3D"CLEAR: both"></DIV></DIV></DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dsec id=3D__secid459522>
      <DIV class=3D"head1 section-title" id=3D__secid459522titletitle=20
      style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none">
      <DIV class=3Dother-sections>
      <UL class=3D"noext-menu noext-menu-hidden">
        <LI><A class=3Dfirst-link=20
        =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#">&nbsp;Othe=
r=20
        Sections=E2=96=BC</A>
        <UL class=3D"submenu head1">
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__abstractid=
458285">Abstract</A>
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__secid45837=
0">Introduction</A>
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__secid45860=
7">Materials=20
          and Methods</A>
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__secid45910=
8">Results</A>
          <LI class=3D"submenu-item current-item"><A class=3D""=20
          style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none" onclick=3Dreturn(false)=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#">Discussion=
</A>
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__ref-listid=
491284">References</A></LI></UL></LI></UL></DIV>
      <DIV>Discussion</DIV></DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dsection-content id=3D__secid459522content>
      <DIV class=3D"p p-first" id=3D__pid459529>In this pilot study, we =
have=20
      identified that GBs are characterized by varying degrees of =
hypoxia as=20
      assessed by EF5 binding and that most cells in GBs are either oxic =
or at=20
      intermediate levels of hypoxia. We have previously reported that =
EF5=20
      binding generally increases with tumor grade when considering all =
types=20
      and grades of brain tumors [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode" =

      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R9"=20
      rid=3D"R9 R26">9,26</A>], in keeping with our former studies in =
sarcomas [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16458778"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R32">32</A>]. This is in contrast to our studies in head =
and neck=20
      squamous cell carcinomas where tumor recurrence was associated =
with high=20
      EF5 binding irrespective of tumor grade [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17967299"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R15">15</A>]. Our results in brain tumors are distinct from =

      previously published studies using Eppendorf needle electrodes [<A =

      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R26"=20
      rid=3D"R26 R33 R34">26,33,34</A>]. We find that virtually all GBs =
contain=20
      some hypoxic regions, in comparison to grade 3 tumors that can =
contain=20
      rare regions of hypoxia and grade 2 tumors that are essentially =
oxic.=20
      Because our methods allow quantification of both the extent and =
degree of=20
      tissue hypoxia at a cellular resolution, our most general =
observation has=20
      been that all types of tumors contain physiologically oxic cells, =
with the=20
      main clinically relevant difference being the relative fraction of =
tissue=20
      existing under moderately or severely hypoxic conditions [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R15"=20
      rid=3D"R15 R26 R32">15,26,32</A>]. Thus, our central hypothesis =
has been=20
      that tumor aggressiveness is best characterized by the most =
hypoxic cells=20
      present, and we have substantiated this in sarcomas, head and neck =

      cancers, and high-grade glial brain tumors [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R15"=20
      rid=3D"R15 R26 R32">15,26,32</A>]. Our findings confirm studies in =
several=20
      other tumor types using other hypoxia measurement techniques [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R35"=20
      rid=3D"R35 R36 R37">35=E2=80=9337</A>]. However, this pilot study =
demonstrates that=20
      EF5 binding alone was not successful in predicting outcome for the =
small=20
      number of newly diagnosed GB patients studied herein.</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dp id=3D__pid459619>We next considered PI as a means =
of predicting=20
      outcome in patients with GB. The PI contributes to prognosis for =
some=20
      tumor types (i.e., breast cancer [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr =
popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8394732"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R38">38</A>] and squamous cell carcinomas of the oropharynx =
[<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11072161"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R39">39</A>]) but has not consistently been associated with =
outcome=20
      in brain tumor patients [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R10"=20
      rid=3D"R10 R11 R12">10=E2=80=9312</A>]. This inconsistency should =
perhaps be=20
      expected. Non-cycling cells are known to be resistant to both =
chemotherapy=20
      and radiotherapy, and hypoxia can cause cells to exit the cell =
cycle [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R40"=20
      rid=3D"R40 R41">40,41</A>]. However, rapid growth can contribute =
to a lack=20
      of tumor control, and it has been suggested that it is important =
to=20
      characterize a tumor's growth fraction before protracted =
treatments such=20
      as radiotherapy [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7116770"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R42">42</A>]. The balance between cell proliferation and =
death has=20
      been noted to be an important factor in determining overall tumor =
growth,=20
      and this consideration makes the understanding of the role of the =
PI, in=20
      the absence of quantification of the balancing factor cell death, =
complex=20
      [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11357141"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R43">43</A>].</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dp id=3D__pid459693>Despite numerous investigations of =
hypoxia or=20
      proliferation individually, little is known about how these =
combined=20
      parameters (their quantitative and/or spatial relationships) =
contribute to=20
      outcome in human cancer. Several studies have combined analysis of =

      endogenous markers of hypoxia in combination with proliferation =
markers in=20
      human cancers. One of the advantages of using endogenous=20
      hypoxia-associated markers (carbonic anhydrase 9, =
hypoxia-inducible factor=20
      1, glucose transporter 1, and vascular endothelial growth factor) =
is that=20
      large retrospective studies using banked materials can be =
performed.=20
      However, all of these markers are known to measure factors in =
addition to=20
      tissue PO<SUB>2</SUB> [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17571959"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R44">44</A>]. Despite the expectation that proliferation =
would=20
      decrease with hypoxia, Saarnio et al. [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9665489"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R45">45</A>] showed expression of CA9 in areas of =
colorectal=20
      neoplasms with high proliferative capacity. Hoskin et al. [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14520462"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R46">46</A>] studied bladder cancer and found that =
proliferation was=20
      significantly higher in those tumors with the highest levels =
(&gt;10%) of=20
      both GLUT1 (<EM>P</EM> =3D .025) and CA9 (<EM>P</EM> =3D .029) =
compared with=20
      those tumors that either were negative or had low levels of =
expression;=20
      colocalization studies were not performed because of the =
requirement to=20
      develop complex algorithms and methods. Neither the endogenous =
hypoxia=20
      markers nor PI (based on Ki-67) predicted for local control or=20
      metastases-free survival in this study. Hoogsteen et al. [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15671533"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R47">47</A>] studied CA9 and iododeoxyuridine (IdUrd) =
labeling in=20
      biopsies of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, reporting that =

      colocalization between IdUrd and CA9 ranged from 0% to 53%. The=20
      interpretation of the data in all of these studies is complicated =
by the=20
      absence of actual PO<SUB>2</SUB> values to correspond to the =
regions=20
      stained for endogenous markers. The study of Hoogsteen et al. used =

      distance from blood vessels as a surrogate for tissue =
PO<SUB>2</SUB>; the=20
      fraction of IdUrd-labeled cells positive for CA9 was highest at an =

      intermediate distance from the blood vessels (100=E2=80=93150 =
=C2=B5m). We have=20
      recently reported that in brain tumors, distance from blood =
vessels is not=20
      a good surrogate for oxygen partial pressure, as measured by EF5 =
binding=20
      [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R19"=20
      rid=3D"R19">19</A>]. Nonetheless, the fraction of IdUrd-labeled =
cells that=20
      were also positive for CA9 in the head and neck cancer study of =
Hoogsteen=20
      et al. correlated with the worst disease-free survival rates =
(<EM>P</EM> =3D=20
      .04). The latter observation parallels the findings reported =
herein.</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dp id=3D__pid459792>Nordsmark et al. [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8690636"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R48">48</A>] studied tumor oxygenation in human sarcomas =
using=20
      polarographic oxygen needle electrodes, proliferation, and =
potential=20
      doubling time (<EM>T</EM><SUB>pot</SUB>) with iododeoxyuridine =
flow=20
      cytometry and IHC. There was a significant correlation between the =
median=20
      PO<SUB>2</SUB> and the tumor cell potential doubling time =
(<EM>P</EM> =3D=20
      .041). Interestingly, the fastest proliferating tumor cells were =
found in=20
      the poorest oxygenated soft tissue sarcomas.</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dp id=3D__pid459823>Studies have been performed using =
pimonidazole=20
      as a hypoxiamarker in human colorectal [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16242253"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R18">18</A>], head and neck [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr =
popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17689286"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R17">17</A>], bladder [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr =
popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R16"=20
      rid=3D"R16 R46">16,46</A>], and cervical cancers [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R49"=20
      rid=3D"R49 R50">49,50</A>]. In some studies, colocalization of =
pimonidazole=20
      and proliferation markers was found [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr =
popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R17"=20
      rid=3D"R17 R18">17,18</A>], and in others, there was an inverse =
relationship=20
      between these end points [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9128967"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R50">50</A>]. In bladder cancers [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15297134"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R16">16</A>], increased vessels in pimonidazole-positive =
areas and=20
      increased numbers of proliferating cells near these vessels were =
reported.=20
      The percentage of IdUrd-positive cells in pimonidazole-positive =
areas were=20
      not associated with survival in head and neck cancer [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10944611"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R51">51</A>].</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dp id=3D__pid491006>The Ratio<SUB>EF5</SUB> 50% was =
initially=20
      selected for analysis because there was a clear break in the data =
between=20
      patient 38 =
([EF5/Ki-67<SUB>binding</SUB>]/[Tumor<SUB>binding</SUB>] ratio=20
      =3D 46.6) and patient 33 (ratio value =3D 61.2; <A=20
      class=3D"fig-table-link table" style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'true', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/table/T3/"><S=
PAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Table 3</SPAN></A>). The =
selection of a=20
      Ratio<SUB>EF5</SUB> 50% between these values seemed appropriate in =
the=20
      absence of any comparative data analysis of this type in the =
literature.=20
      In addition, a cutoff point based on physiologic measurements =
seemed more=20
      meaningful than a statistical value of 50% of patients above or =
below a=20
      random ratio value (Ratio<SUB>patients median</SUB>; <A=20
      class=3D"fig-table-link table" style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'true', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/table/T3/"><S=
PAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Table 3</SPAN></A>). =
Considering a=20
      Ratio<SUB>patients median</SUB> of 75.6%, the values immediately =
above and=20
      below only differ by 0.3 (75.3% and 75.9%). These are very =
unlikely to be=20
      physiologically different because this difference is beyond the =
accuracy=20
      of the measurement techniques. Nonetheless, we present both data =
sets=20
      because the Ratio<SUB>patients median</SUB> is commonly used in =
the=20
      literature. The results of the analyses of both cut points are =
similar=20
      although not identical (<A class=3D"fig-table-link table"=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: none"=20
      onclick=3D"startTarget(this, 'true', 1024, 800)"=20
      =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/table/T1/"><S=
PAN=20
      style=3D"TEXT-DECORATION: underline">Table 1</SPAN></A>).</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dp id=3D__pid491073>We find that for the most =
aggressive tumors=20
      (12/16 patients; EF5<SUB>EF5 50%</SUB> &gt; 50%), irrespective of =
the=20
      Ki-67+ fraction and degree of hypoxia found, there was virtually =
no=20
      overall relationship between hypoxia and the presence of Ki-67+ =
cells.=20
      That is, the distribution of EF5 binding around Ki-67+ cells was =
not=20
      different from that of the rest of the tumor. In contrast, for the =
less=20
      aggressive tumors (4/16; Ratio<SUB>EF5 50%</SUB> &lt; 50%), Ki-67+ =
cells=20
      had a distribution of EF5 binding values that was lower (e.g., =
these cells=20
      were relatively oxic) compared with the tumor tissue as a whole. =
The=20
      findings were similar when the Ratio<SUB>patients median</SUB> was =

      considered. The observation related to most aggressive =
<EM>versus</EM>=20
      less aggressive tumors represents a subtle difference, made =
possible only=20
      by the quantitative nature of EF5 binding calculations. The impact =
of this=20
      difference was significant, even using multiparametric analysis =
combined=20
      with RPA; Ratio<SUB>EF5 50%</SUB> was a predictor for tumor =
recurrence and=20
      patient survival in the therapy-responsive patients. Because of =
this, we=20
      thought it important to bring these results forward despite the =
pilot=20
      nature of this study. In addition, the new image analysis methods=20
      described herein should be very useful in the evaluation of =
EF5-stained=20
      tissues or other marker binding. We propose that this result may =
help=20
      elucidate basic mechanisms of GB aggressiveness.</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dp id=3D__pid491107>Because the methods described in =
this report=20
      are new, we do not know whether other tumor types will behave like =
GBs.=20
      Indeed, it is not certain what to expect because there are no =
previous=20
      studies where proliferation data have been colocalized with the =
actual=20
      PO<SUB>2</SUB> of Ki-67+ cells.</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dp id=3D__pid491115>A characteristic feature of GBs is =
the=20
      presence of infarcted vessels leading to the phenomenon of=20
      pseudopalisading necrosis [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14871821"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R52">52</A>]. If much of the hypoxia found in GBs were =
related to=20
      these (presumably) irreversible blockages of blood flow, then =
perhaps the=20
      PO<SUB>2</SUB> of dividing cells reflects the physiological =
consequences=20
      of the pseudopalisade formation (i.e., trapping of the cells) =
rather than=20
      a specific effect on cell cycling. If this were true, then the=20
      aggressiveness of the tumor might relate to the frequency and =
extent of=20
      vessel infarction leading to a higher probability of trapping =
cycling=20
      cells in these volumes; this may lead to the impression that the=20
      PO<SUB>2</SUB> around these cells was similar to that of the tumor =
as a=20
      whole. Tumor vessel infarction has been commonly described in GB =
[<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14871821"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R52">52</A>], and abnormalities of the clotting cascade are =
not=20
      uncommon in patients with any malignant tumor type, especially in =
patients=20
      with GB. There is an interesting discussion in the literature =
arising from=20
      the observation of Brat and van Meier about whether cells actively =
invade=20
      toward or away from these infarcts. Our observations are more in =
keeping=20
      with the latter.</DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dp id=3D__pid491156>Currently, an understanding of the =
factors=20
      that cause cells in tumors to exist in a cycling <EM>versus</EM>=20
      noncycling state (proliferative =E2=80=9CP=E2=80=9D <EM>vs</EM> =
quiescent =E2=80=9CQ=E2=80=9D [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4803218"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R53">53</A>]) is incomplete. =E2=80=9CQ=E2=80=9D cells were =
originally thought to=20
      arise from insufficient supply of cytokines or nutrients, =
including=20
      oxygen. Data from <EM>in vitro</EM> studies are not very =
informative=20
      because cell growth is virtually unaffected by oxygen tensions of =
0.2% or=20
      even less (considered as =E2=80=9Csevere=E2=80=9D hypoxia) [<A=20
      class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#R40"=20
      rid=3D"R40 R41 R54">40,41,54</A>]. Current thinking about the =
cycling status=20
      of individual tumor cells would undoubtedly invoke a multitude of=20
      molecular signaling mechanisms affecting many physiologies in the =
tumor,=20
      as well as that of supporting tissue cells and tumor stem cells. =
However,=20
      studies of oxygen dependence of such phenomena under carefully =
controlled=20
      and monitored conditions have not been performed. The data =
presented in=20
      this report emphasize the importance of detailed evaluations on=20
      PO<SUB>2</SUB> both <EM>in vitro</EM> and <EM>in vivo</EM>. An =
important=20
      clinical ramification of our results is that there may not be a =
consistent=20
      or general relationship between absolute PO<SUB>2</SUB> and =
inhibition of=20
      cell cycling, suggesting that tumor aggressiveness is modulated by =
the=20
      PO<SUB>2</SUB> dependence of cell cycling in individual tumors. =
Our=20
      observations and hypotheses are undergoing further testing and=20
study.</DIV>
      <DIV class=3D"p p-last" id=3D__pid491222>In summary, the =
understanding of why=20
      GBs are treatment-resistant remains poor despite decades of =
research. The=20
      predictive factors currently in use rely on various clinical and=20
      pathological factors determined in a detailed statistical =
analysis, for=20
      example, RPA [<A class=3D"cite-reflink bibr popnode"=20
      href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16242253"=20
      =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle%7CBody&amp;TO=3DEntrez%7CPubMed%7CR=
ecord&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"=20
      rid=3D"R18">18</A>]. In many cancers, hypoxia and/or proliferation =
are=20
      documented prognostic factors but not in GBs. This pilot study =
identifies=20
      a unique interaction between these factors and seems to show =
prognostic=20
      importance for recurrence and survival, independent of RPA status. =
Three=20
      translationally relevant insights are provided in this article:=20
      <DIV class=3D"list p">
      <UL style=3D"LIST-STYLE-TYPE: decimal">
        <LI><SPAN>Hypoxia is always found in GBs, and therefore, its=20
        measurement, treatment targeting, and modification are likely to =
have=20
        important roles in patient's evaluation and therapy.</SPAN>
        <LI><SPAN>Future studies are necessary to identify the =
mechanisms of the=20
        findings herein, particularly whether they are the result of =
molecular=20
        modifications of tumor metabolism or a temporal vascular =
phenomenon. On=20
        the basis of these results, specific therapies might be=20
developed.</SPAN>
        <LI><SPAN>Future prognostic studies must evaluate the biology =
(including=20
        molecular) and physiology of individual tumors rather than =
emphasize=20
        differences between patient=20
      groups.</SPAN></LI></UL></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dsec id=3D__ackid491261>
      <DIV class=3D"head1 section-title" id=3D__ackid491261titletitle=20
      style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none">
      <DIV>Acknowledgments</DIV></DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dsection-content id=3D__ackid491261content>
      <DIV class=3Dsec>
      <DIV class=3Dp id=3D__pid491265>The authors thank Deborah Smith =
and Susan=20
      Prendergast, Associate Directors of Clinical Research, for their =
help in=20
      patient care and Deirdre P. Magarelli for her initial studies =
related to=20
      this project.</DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dsec id=3D__articleid476970footnotes>
      <DIV class=3D"head1 section-title" =
id=3D__articleid476970footnotestitletitle=20
      style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none">
      <DIV>Footnotes</DIV></DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dsection-content =
id=3D__articleid476970footnotescontent>
      <DIV class=3Dfm-footnote id=3DFN1><SUP>1</SUP>This study was =
supported by=20
      National Institutes of Health grants RO1 CA 75285, RO1 CA 113561, =
and R21=20
      CA 93007 (to S.M. Evans, PI).</DIV></DIV></DIV>
      <DIV class=3Dsec id=3D__ref-listid491284>
      <DIV class=3D"head1 section-title" =
id=3D__ref-listid491284titletitle=20
      style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none">
      <DIV class=3Dother-sections>
      <UL class=3D"noext-menu noext-menu-hidden">
        <LI><A class=3Dfirst-link=20
        =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#">&nbsp;Othe=
r=20
        Sections=E2=96=BC</A>
        <UL class=3D"submenu head1">
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__abstractid=
458285">Abstract</A>
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__secid45837=
0">Introduction</A>
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__secid45860=
7">Materials=20
          and Methods</A>
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__secid45910=
8">Results</A>
          <LI class=3Dsubmenu-item><A class=3D"" =
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none"=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#__secid45952=
2">Discussion</A>
          <LI class=3D"submenu-item current-item"><A class=3D""=20
          style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none" onclick=3Dreturn(false)=20
          =
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2887645/#">References=
</A></LI></UL></LI></UL></DIV>
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        De Novo Gliobl...</A><A class=3Dhidden>The Relationship among =
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        Proliferation, and Outcome in Patients with De Novo =
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<DIV class=3Dcited-ref id=3Dcite-__pid458376 rid=3D"__pid458376"=20
pmids=3D"11870182 18669428 18026916 12767506 12927570 19249675 10773819 =
19249675 10773819 16680569 14996753 11903593 12489673 9821169">
<UL>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11870182"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Promising=20
  survival for patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme =
treated=20
  with concomitant radiation plus temozolomide followed by adjuvant=20
  temozolomide.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>J Clin Oncol. 2002 Mar 1;=20
  20(5):1375-82.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[J Clin Oncol. =
2002]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18669428"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"><SPAN=20
  class=3Dflag>Review</SPAN>Malignant gliomas in adults.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>N Engl J Med. 2008 Jul 31;=20
  359(5):492-507.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[N Engl J Med. =
2008]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18026916"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"><SPAN=20
  class=3Dflag>Review</SPAN>Hypoxia and cancer.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>J Mol Med. 2007 Dec; =
85(12):1301-7.</EM></P><SPAN=20
  class=3Dpub>[J Mol Med. 2007]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12767506"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"><SPAN=20
  class=3Dflag>Review</SPAN>Prognostic significance of tumor oxygenation =
in=20
  humans.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Cancer Lett. 2003 May 30;=20
  195(1):1-16.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Cancer Lett. 2003]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12927570"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"><SPAN=20
  class=3Dflag>Review</SPAN>Tumour hypoxia, chemotherapeutic resistance =
and=20
  hypoxia-related therapies.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Cancer Treat Rev. 2003 Aug;=20
  29(4):297-307.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Cancer Treat Rev.=20
2003]</SPAN></LI></UL><A class=3Dall-articles=20
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11870182,18669428,18026916,127=
67506,12927570,19249675,10773819,19249675,10773819,16680569,14996753,1190=
3593,12489673,9821169/?report=3Dsummary"=20
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">See=20
more articles cited in this paragraph</A></DIV>
<DIV class=3Dcited-ref id=3Dcite-__pid458491 rid=3D"__pid458491"=20
pmids=3D"12125356 7547233 17967299 15297134 17689286 16242253 8478956">
<UL>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12125356"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"><SPAN=20
  class=3Dflag>Review</SPAN>Measurement of absolute oxygen levels in =
cells and=20
  tissues using oxygen sensors and 2-nitroimidazole EF5.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Methods Enzymol. 2002; =
352():3-31.</EM></P><SPAN=20
  class=3Dpub>[Methods Enzymol. 2002]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7547233"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Oxygen=20
  dependence of cellular uptake of EF5=20
  [2-(2-nitro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-N-(2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl)a cet =
amide] :=20
  analysis of drug adducts by fluorescent antibodies vs bound =
radioactivity.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Br J Cancer. 1995 Oct; =
72(4):869-74.</EM></P><SPAN=20
  class=3Dpub>[Br J Cancer. 1995]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17967299"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Patterns=20
  and levels of hypoxia in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas and =
their=20
  relationship to patient outcome.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007 Nov =
15;=20
  69(4):1024-31.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Int J Radiat Oncol Biol =
Phys.=20
  2007]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15297134"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">The=20
  immunohistochemical assessment of hypoxia, vascularity and =
proliferation in=20
  bladder carcinoma.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Radiother Oncol. 2004 Aug;=20
  72(2):159-68.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Radiother Oncol. =
2004]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17689286"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Tumour=20
  cell proliferation under hypoxic conditions in human head and neck =
squamous=20
  cell carcinomas.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Oral Oncol. 2008 Apr; =
44(4):335-44.</EM></P><SPAN=20
  class=3Dpub>[Oral Oncol. 2008]</SPAN></LI></UL><A class=3Dall-articles =

href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12125356,7547233,17967299,1529=
7134,17689286,16242253,8478956/?report=3Dsummary"=20
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">See=20
more articles cited in this paragraph</A></DIV>
<DIV class=3Dcited-ref id=3Dcite-__pid458614 rid=3D"__pid458614" =
pmids=3D"209809">
<UL>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/209809"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Peripheral=20
  neuropathy related to misonidazole: incidence and pathology.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Br J Cancer Suppl. 1978 Jun;=20
  3():271-5.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Br J Cancer Suppl. =
1978]</SPAN></LI></UL><A=20
class=3Dall-articles=20
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/209809/?report=3Dsummary"=20
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">See=20
more articles cited in this paragraph</A></DIV>
<DIV class=3Dcited-ref id=3Dcite-__pid458637 rid=3D"__pid458637" =
pmids=3D"11592338">
<UL>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11592338"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Pharmacokinetics=20
  of EF5 [2-(2-nitro-1-H-imidazol-1-yl)-N-(2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl)=20
  acetamide] in human patients: implications for hypoxia measurements in =
vivo by=20
  2-nitroimidazoles.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2001 Sep;=20
  48(3):177-87.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Cancer Chemother Pharmacol.=20
  2001]</SPAN></LI></UL><A class=3Dall-articles=20
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11592338/?report=3Dsummary"=20
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">See=20
more articles cited in this paragraph</A></DIV>
<DIV class=3Dcited-ref id=3Dcite-__pid458666 rid=3D"__pid458666"=20
pmids=3D"10766193 11592338 10766193 11586098">
<UL>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10766193"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Detection=20
  of hypoxia in human squamous cell carcinoma by EF5 binding.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Cancer Res. 2000 Apr 1;=20
  60(7):2018-24.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Cancer Res. =
2000]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11592338"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Pharmacokinetics=20
  of EF5 [2-(2-nitro-1-H-imidazol-1-yl)-N-(2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl)=20
  acetamide] in human patients: implications for hypoxia measurements in =
vivo by=20
  2-nitroimidazoles.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2001 Sep;=20
  48(3):177-87.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Cancer Chemother Pharmacol.=20
  2001]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10766193"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Detection=20
  of hypoxia in human squamous cell carcinoma by EF5 binding.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Cancer Res. 2000 Apr 1;=20
  60(7):2018-24.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Cancer Res. =
2000]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11586098"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Hypoxic=20
  heterogeneity in human tumors: EF5 binding, vasculature, necrosis, and =

  proliferation.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Am J Clin Oncol. 2001 Oct;=20
  24(5):467-72.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Am J Clin Oncol. =
2001]</SPAN></LI></UL><A=20
class=3Dall-articles=20
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10766193,11592338,10766193,115=
86098/?report=3Dsummary"=20
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">See=20
more articles cited in this paragraph</A></DIV>
<DIV class=3Dcited-ref id=3Dcite-__pid458744 rid=3D"__pid458744"=20
pmids=3D"16680569 10766193 14996753 12125356 10766193 18494550">
<UL>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16680569"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"><SPAN=20
  class=3Dflag>Review</SPAN>Matrix metalloproteinases and tumor =
metastasis.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2006 Mar;=20
  25(1):9-34.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Cancer Metastasis Rev. =
2006]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10766193"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Detection=20
  of hypoxia in human squamous cell carcinoma by EF5 binding.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Cancer Res. 2000 Apr 1;=20
  60(7):2018-24.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Cancer Res. =
2000]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14996753"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Comparative=20
  measurements of hypoxia in human brain tumors using needle electrodes =
and EF5=20
  binding.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Cancer Res. 2004 Mar 1;=20
  64(5):1886-92.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Cancer Res. =
2004]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12125356"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"><SPAN=20
  class=3Dflag>Review</SPAN>Measurement of absolute oxygen levels in =
cells and=20
  tissues using oxygen sensors and 2-nitroimidazole EF5.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Methods Enzymol. 2002; =
352():3-31.</EM></P><SPAN=20
  class=3Dpub>[Methods Enzymol. 2002]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10766193"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Detection=20
  of hypoxia in human squamous cell carcinoma by EF5 binding.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Cancer Res. 2000 Apr 1;=20
  60(7):2018-24.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Cancer Res. =
2000]</SPAN></LI></UL><A=20
class=3Dall-articles=20
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16680569,10766193,14996753,121=
25356,10766193,18494550/?report=3Dsummary"=20
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">See=20
more articles cited in this paragraph</A></DIV>
<DIV class=3Dcited-ref id=3Dcite-__pid458895 rid=3D"__pid458895" =
pmids=3D"18494550">
<UL>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18494550"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Importance=20
  of antibody concentration in the assessment of cellular hypoxia by =
flow=20
  cytometry: EF5 and pimonidazole.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Radiat Res. 2008 Jun; =
169(6):677-88.</EM></P><SPAN=20
  class=3Dpub>[Radiat Res. 2008]</SPAN></LI></UL><A class=3Dall-articles =

href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18494550/?report=3Dsummary"=20
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">See=20
more articles cited in this paragraph</A></DIV>
<DIV class=3Dcited-ref id=3Dcite-__pid458946 rid=3D"__pid458946"=20
pmids=3D"17967299 14996753 16810299">
<UL>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17967299"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Patterns=20
  and levels of hypoxia in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas and =
their=20
  relationship to patient outcome.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007 Nov =
15;=20
  69(4):1024-31.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Int J Radiat Oncol Biol =
Phys.=20
  2007]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14996753"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Comparative=20
  measurements of hypoxia in human brain tumors using needle electrodes =
and EF5=20
  binding.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Cancer Res. 2004 Mar 1;=20
  64(5):1886-92.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Cancer Res. =
2004]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16810299"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Oxygen=20
  levels in normal and previously irradiated human skin as assessed by =
EF5=20
  binding.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>J Invest Dermatol. 2006 Dec;=20
  126(12):2596-606.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[J Invest Dermatol.=20
2006]</SPAN></LI></UL><A class=3Dall-articles=20
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17967299,14996753,16810299/?re=
port=3Dsummary"=20
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">See=20
more articles cited in this paragraph</A></DIV>
<DIV class=3Dcited-ref id=3Dcite-__pid459001 rid=3D"__pid459001"=20
pmids=3D"8478956 9422557">
<UL>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8478956"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Recursive=20
  partitioning analysis of prognostic factors in three Radiation Therapy =

  Oncology Group malignant glioma trials.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>J Natl Cancer Inst. 1993 May 5;=20
  85(9):704-10.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[J Natl Cancer Inst. =
1993]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9422557"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Validation=20
  and predictive power of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) =
recursive=20
  partitioning analysis classes for malignant glioma patients: a report =
using=20
  RTOG 90-06.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1998 Jan =
1;=20
  40(1):51-5.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys.=20
  1998]</SPAN></LI></UL><A class=3Dall-articles=20
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8478956,9422557/?report=3Dsumm=
ary"=20
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">See=20
more articles cited in this paragraph</A></DIV>
<DIV class=3Dcited-ref id=3Dcite-__pid459066 rid=3D"__pid459066" =
pmids=3D"5910392">
<UL>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5910392"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Evaluation=20
  of survival data and two new rank order statistics arising in its=20
  consideration.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Cancer Chemother Rep. 1966 Mar;=20
  50(3):163-70.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Cancer Chemother Rep.=20
1966]</SPAN></LI></UL><A class=3Dall-articles=20
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5910392/?report=3Dsummary"=20
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">See=20
more articles cited in this paragraph</A></DIV>
<DIV class=3Dcited-ref id=3Dcite-__pid459115 rid=3D"__pid459115" =
pmids=3D"9422557">
<UL>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9422557"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Validation=20
  and predictive power of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) =
recursive=20
  partitioning analysis classes for malignant glioma patients: a report =
using=20
  RTOG 90-06.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1998 Jan =
1;=20
  40(1):51-5.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys.=20
  1998]</SPAN></LI></UL><A class=3Dall-articles=20
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9422557/?report=3Dsummary"=20
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">See=20
more articles cited in this paragraph</A></DIV>
<DIV class=3Dcited-ref id=3Dcite-__pid459529 rid=3D"__pid459529"=20
pmids=3D"14996753 14996753 16458778 17967299 14996753 17207315 8005794 =
17967299 14996753 16458778 9226314 3360652 10828799">
<UL>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14996753"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Comparative=20
  measurements of hypoxia in human brain tumors using needle electrodes =
and EF5=20
  binding.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Cancer Res. 2004 Mar 1;=20
  64(5):1886-92.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Cancer Res. =
2004]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14996753"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Comparative=20
  measurements of hypoxia in human brain tumors using needle electrodes =
and EF5=20
  binding.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Cancer Res. 2004 Mar 1;=20
  64(5):1886-92.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Cancer Res. =
2004]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16458778"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">EF5=20
  binding and clinical outcome in human soft tissue sarcomas.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006 Mar =
1;=20
  64(3):922-7.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys.=20
  2006]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17967299"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Patterns=20
  and levels of hypoxia in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas and =
their=20
  relationship to patient outcome.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007 Nov =
15;=20
  69(4):1024-31.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Int J Radiat Oncol Biol =
Phys.=20
  2007]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14996753"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Comparative=20
  measurements of hypoxia in human brain tumors using needle electrodes =
and EF5=20
  binding.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Cancer Res. 2004 Mar 1;=20
  64(5):1886-92.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Cancer Res. =
2004]</SPAN></LI></UL><A=20
class=3Dall-articles=20
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14996753,14996753,16458778,179=
67299,14996753,17207315,8005794,17967299,14996753,16458778,9226314,336065=
2,10828799/?report=3Dsummary"=20
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">See=20
more articles cited in this paragraph</A></DIV>
<DIV class=3Dcited-ref id=3Dcite-__pid459619 rid=3D"__pid459619"=20
pmids=3D"8394732 11072161 11903593 12489673 9821169 15603754 4734389 =
7116770 11357141">
<UL>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8394732"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Prognostic=20
  value of Ki-67 immunolabelling in primary operable breast cancer.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Br J Cancer. 1993 Sep; =
68(3):579-83.</EM></P><SPAN=20
  class=3Dpub>[Br J Cancer. 1993]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11072161"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Squamous=20
  cell carcinoma of the oropharynx: Ki-67 and p53 can identify patients =
at high=20
  risk for local recurrence after surgery and postoperative =
radiotherapy.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2000 Nov =
1;=20
  48(4):1041-50.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Int J Radiat Oncol Biol =
Phys.=20
  2000]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11903593"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"><SPAN=20
  class=3Dflag>Review</SPAN>Ki67 protein: the immaculate deception?</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Histopathology. 2002 Jan;=20
  40(1):2-11.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Histopathology. =
2002]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12489673"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Diagnostic=20
  and prognostic role of Ki67 immunostaining in human astrocytomas using =
four=20
  different antibodies.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Clin Neuropathol. 2002 Nov-Dec;=20
  21(6):252-7.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Clin Neuropathol. =
2002]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9821169"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Prognostic=20
  significance of Ki67, p53 and epidermal growth factor receptor =
immunostaining=20
  in human glioblastomas.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 1998 Oct;=20
  24(5):381-8.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol.=20
  1998]</SPAN></LI></UL><A class=3Dall-articles=20
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8394732,11072161,11903593,1248=
9673,9821169,15603754,4734389,7116770,11357141/?report=3Dsummary"=20
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">See=20
more articles cited in this paragraph</A></DIV>
<DIV class=3Dcited-ref id=3Dcite-__pid459693 rid=3D"__pid459693"=20
pmids=3D"17571959 9665489 14520462 15671533">
<UL>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17571959"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"><SPAN=20
  class=3Dflag>Review</SPAN>The potential role of intrinsic hypoxia =
markers as=20
  prognostic variables in cancer.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Antioxid Redox Signal. 2007 Aug;=20
  9(8):1237-94.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Antioxid Redox Signal.=20
2007]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9665489"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Immunohistochemical=20
  study of colorectal tumors for expression of a novel transmembrane =
carbonic=20
  anhydrase, MN/CA IX, with potential value as a marker of cell=20
  proliferation.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Am J Pathol. 1998 Jul;=20
  153(1):279-85.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Am J Pathol. =
1998]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14520462"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">GLUT1=20
  and CAIX as intrinsic markers of hypoxia in bladder cancer: =
relationship with=20
  vascularity and proliferation as predictors of outcome of ARCON.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Br J Cancer. 2003 Oct 6;=20
  89(7):1290-7.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Br J Cancer. =
2003]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15671533"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Colocalization=20
  of carbonic anhydrase 9 expression and cell proliferation in human =
head and=20
  neck squamous cell carcinoma.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Clin Cancer Res. 2005 Jan 1;=20
  11(1):97-106.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Clin Cancer Res. =
2005]</SPAN></LI></UL><A=20
class=3Dall-articles=20
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17571959,9665489,14520462,1567=
1533/?report=3Dsummary"=20
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">See=20
more articles cited in this paragraph</A></DIV>
<DIV class=3Dcited-ref id=3Dcite-__pid459792 rid=3D"__pid459792" =
pmids=3D"8690636">
<UL>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8690636"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">The=20
  relationship between tumor oxygenation and cell proliferation in human =
soft=20
  tissue sarcomas.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1996 Jul =
1;=20
  35(4):701-8.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys.=20
  1996]</SPAN></LI></UL><A class=3Dall-articles=20
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8690636/?report=3Dsummary"=20
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">See=20
more articles cited in this paragraph</A></DIV>
<DIV class=3Dcited-ref id=3Dcite-__pid459823 rid=3D"__pid459823"=20
pmids=3D"16242253 17689286 15297134 14520462 9826471 9128967 17689286 =
16242253 9128967 15297134 10944611">
<UL>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16242253"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Hypoxia=20
  in relation to vasculature and proliferation in liver metastases in =
patients=20
  with colorectal cancer.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006 Feb =
1;=20
  64(2):473-82.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. =

  2006]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17689286"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Tumour=20
  cell proliferation under hypoxic conditions in human head and neck =
squamous=20
  cell carcinomas.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Oral Oncol. 2008 Apr; =
44(4):335-44.</EM></P><SPAN=20
  class=3Dpub>[Oral Oncol. 2008]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15297134"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">The=20
  immunohistochemical assessment of hypoxia, vascularity and =
proliferation in=20
  bladder carcinoma.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Radiother Oncol. 2004 Aug;=20
  72(2):159-68.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Radiother Oncol. =
2004]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14520462"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">GLUT1=20
  and CAIX as intrinsic markers of hypoxia in bladder cancer: =
relationship with=20
  vascularity and proliferation as predictors of outcome of ARCON.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Br J Cancer. 2003 Oct 6;=20
  89(7):1290-7.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Br J Cancer. =
2003]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9826471"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Pimonidazole:=20
  a novel hypoxia marker for complementary study of tumor hypoxia and =
cell=20
  proliferation in cervical carcinoma.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Gynecol Oncol. 1998 Nov;=20
  71(2):270-7.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Gynecol Oncol. =
1998]</SPAN></LI></UL><A=20
class=3Dall-articles=20
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16242253,17689286,15297134,145=
20462,9826471,9128967,17689286,16242253,9128967,15297134,10944611/?report=
=3Dsummary"=20
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">See=20
more articles cited in this paragraph</A></DIV>
<DIV class=3Dcited-ref id=3Dcite-__pid491115 rid=3D"__pid491115" =
pmids=3D"14871821">
<UL>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14871821"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Pseudopalisades=20
  in glioblastoma are hypoxic, express extracellular matrix proteases, =
and are=20
  formed by an actively migrating cell population.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Cancer Res. 2004 Feb 1; =
64(3):920-7.</EM></P><SPAN=20
  class=3Dpub>[Cancer Res. 2004]</SPAN></LI></UL><A class=3Dall-articles =

href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14871821/?report=3Dsummary"=20
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">See=20
more articles cited in this paragraph</A></DIV>
<DIV class=3Dcited-ref id=3Dcite-__pid491156 rid=3D"__pid491156"=20
pmids=3D"4803218 15603754 4734389">
<UL>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4803218"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Proliferation=20
  behaviour of P and Q cells in a rat rhabdomyosarcoma after irradiation =
as=20
  determined by DNA measurements.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Eur J Cancer. 1973 Oct; =
9(10):753-6.</EM></P><SPAN=20
  class=3Dpub>[Eur J Cancer. 1973]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15603754"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal"><SPAN=20
  class=3Dflag>Review</SPAN>Cellular reaction to hypoxia: sensing and =
responding=20
  to an adverse environment.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Mutat Res. 2005 Jan 6;=20
  569(1-2):87-100.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Mutat Res. =
2005]</SPAN></LI>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4734389"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">The=20
  effect of hypoxia on the generation time of mammalian cells.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Radiat Res. 1973 Jan; =
53(1):43-8.</EM></P><SPAN=20
  class=3Dpub>[Radiat Res. 1973]</SPAN></LI></UL><A class=3Dall-articles =

href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4803218,15603754,4734389/?repo=
rt=3Dsummary"=20
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">See=20
more articles cited in this paragraph</A></DIV>
<DIV class=3Dcited-ref id=3Dcite-__pid491222 rid=3D"__pid491222" =
pmids=3D"16242253">
<UL>
  <LI class=3Dovfl><A class=3D"pl popnode"=20
  href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16242253"=20
  =
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
d|Record&amp;rendering-type=3Dnormal">Hypoxia=20
  in relation to vasculature and proliferation in liver metastases in =
patients=20
  with colorectal cancer.</A>
  <P class=3Ddesc><EM class=3Dcit>Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006 Feb =
1;=20
  64(2):473-82.</EM></P><SPAN class=3Dpub>[Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. =

  2006]</SPAN></LI></UL><A class=3Dall-articles=20
href=3D"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16242253/?report=3Dsummary"=20
ref=3D"reftype=3Dpubmed&amp;article-id=3D2887645&amp;issue-id=3D187919&am=
p;journal-id=3D615&amp;FROM=3DArticle|CitedRefBlock&amp;TO=3DEntrez|Pubme=
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.x-panel-btns-ct .x-panel-btns TD {
	BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; =
BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; =
PADDING-TOP: 0px; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-panel-btns-right TABLE {
	CLEAR: none; FLOAT: right
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-panel-btns-left TABLE {
	CLEAR: none; FLOAT: left
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-panel-btns-center {
	TEXT-ALIGN: center
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-panel-btns-center TABLE {
	MARGIN: 0px auto
}
.x-panel-btns-ct TABLE TD.x-panel-btn-td {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: 3px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 3px; =
PADDING-TOP: 3px
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-btn-focus .x-btn-left {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -147px
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-btn-focus .x-btn-right {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -168px
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-btn-focus .x-btn-center {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -189px
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-btn-over .x-btn-left {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -63px
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-btn-over .x-btn-right {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -84px
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-btn-over .x-btn-center {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -105px
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-btn-click .x-btn-center {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -126px
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-btn-click .x-btn-right {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -84px
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-btn-click .x-btn-left {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -63px
}

------=_NextPart_000_0000_01CB1950.A50CAAE0
Content-Type: text/css;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Content-Location: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/core/ext.ncbi/1/css/themes/xtheme-oldentrez.css

.x-panel {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-STYLE: solid; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-STYLE: =
solid; BORDER-LEFT-STYLE: solid; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: solid
}
.x-panel-header {
	BORDER-RIGHT: #d0d0d0 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: #d0d0d0 1px solid; =
BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/panel/white-top-bottom.gif); =
BORDER-LEFT: #d0d0d0 1px solid; COLOR: #333; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d0d0d0 1px =
solid
}
.x-panel-body {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-panel-bbar .x-toolbar {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-panel-tbar .x-toolbar {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-panel-tbar-noheader .x-toolbar {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-panel-mc .x-panel-tbar .x-toolbar {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-panel-body-noheader {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-panel-mc .x-panel-body {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-panel-tl .x-panel-header {
	COLOR: #333
}
.x-panel-tc {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/panel/top-bottom.gif)
}
.x-panel-tl {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(../../img/oldentrez/panel/corners-sprite.gif); BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: =
#d0d0d0; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-panel-tr {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/panel/corners-sprite.gif)
}
.x-panel-bc {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/panel/top-bottom.gif)
}
.x-panel-bl {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/panel/corners-sprite.gif)
}
.x-panel-br {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/panel/corners-sprite.gif)
}
.x-panel-mc {
	BACKGROUND: #f1f1f1
}
.x-panel-mc .x-panel-body {
	BORDER-RIGHT: 0px; BORDER-TOP: 0px; BACKGROUND: none transparent scroll =
repeat 0% 0%; BORDER-LEFT: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM: 0px
}
.x-panel-ml {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/panel/left-right.gif)
}
.x-panel-mr {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/panel/left-right.gif)
}
.x-tool {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/panel/tool-sprites.gif)
}
.x-panel-ghost {
	BACKGROUND: #e0e0e0
}
.x-panel-ghost UL {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #b0b0b0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #b0b0b0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #b0b0b0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #b0b0b0
}
.x-grid-panel .x-panel-mc .x-panel-body {
	BORDER-RIGHT: #d0d0d0 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: #d0d0d0 1px solid; =
BORDER-LEFT: #d0d0d0 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d0d0d0 1px solid
}
.x-btn-left {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/button/btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-btn-right {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/button/btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-btn-center {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/button/btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-border-layout-ct {
	BACKGROUND: #f0f0f0
}
.x-accordion-hd {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/panel/light-hd.gif)
}
.x-layout-collapsed {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #e0e0e0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #e0e0e0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #e0e0e0; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #eee; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: =
#e0e0e0
}
.x-layout-collapsed-over {
	BACKGROUND-COLOR: #fbfbfb
}
.x-tip .x-tip-top {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/qtip/tip-sprite.gif)
}
.x-tip .x-tip-top-left {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/qtip/tip-sprite.gif)
}
.x-tip .x-tip-top-right {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/qtip/tip-sprite.gif)
}
.x-tip .x-tip-ft {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/qtip/tip-sprite.gif)
}
.x-tip .x-tip-ft-left {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/qtip/tip-sprite.gif)
}
.x-tip .x-tip-ft-right {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/qtip/tip-sprite.gif)
}
.x-tip .x-tip-bd-left {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/qtip/tip-sprite.gif)
}
.x-tip .x-tip-bd-right {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/qtip/tip-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BACKGROUND: =
url(../../img/oldentrez/toolbar/bg.gif) #f0f4f5 repeat-x left top; =
BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-toolbar BUTTON {
	COLOR: #444
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-menu-arrow-wrap .x-btn-center BUTTON {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/toolbar/btn-arrow.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-text-icon .x-btn-menu-arrow-wrap .x-btn-center BUTTON =
{
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/toolbar/btn-arrow.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-over .x-btn-left {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/toolbar/tb-btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-over .x-btn-right {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/toolbar/tb-btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-over .x-btn-center {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/toolbar/tb-btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-over BUTTON {
	COLOR: #111
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-click .x-btn-left {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/toolbar/tb-btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-pressed .x-btn-left {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/toolbar/tb-btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-menu-active .x-btn-left {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/toolbar/tb-btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-click .x-btn-right {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/toolbar/tb-btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-pressed .x-btn-right {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/toolbar/tb-btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-menu-active .x-btn-right {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/toolbar/tb-btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-click .x-btn-center {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/toolbar/tb-btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-pressed .x-btn-center {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/toolbar/tb-btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-menu-active .x-btn-center {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/toolbar/tb-btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .ytb-sep {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../images/default/grid/grid-split.gif)
}
.x-tab-panel-header {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BACKGROUND: #eaeaea; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: =
#d0d0d0; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-tab-panel-footer {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BACKGROUND: #eaeaea; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: =
#d0d0d0; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-tab-panel-header {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-tab-panel-footer {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
UL.x-tab-strip-top {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BACKGROUND: =
url(../../img/oldentrez/tabs/tab-strip-bg.gif) #dbdbdb repeat-x left =
top; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
PADDING-TOP: 2px; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
UL.x-tab-strip-bottom {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(../../img/oldentrez/tabs/tab-strip-btm-bg.gif); BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: =
#d0d0d0; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-tab-strip SPAN.x-tab-strip-text {
	COLOR: #333
}
.x-tab-strip-over SPAN.x-tab-strip-text {
	COLOR: #111
}
.x-tab-strip-active SPAN.x-tab-strip-text {
	COLOR: #333
}
.x-tab-strip-disabled .x-tabs-text {
	COLOR: #aaaaaa
}
.x-tab-strip-top .x-tab-right {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/tabs/tabs-sprite.gif)
}
.x-tab-strip-top .x-tab-left {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/tabs/tabs-sprite.gif)
}
.x-tab-strip-top .x-tab-strip-inner {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/tabs/tabs-sprite.gif)
}
.x-tab-strip-bottom .x-tab-right {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(../../img/oldentrez/tabs/tab-btm-inactive-right-bg.gif)
}
.x-tab-strip-bottom .x-tab-left {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(../../img/oldentrez/tabs/tab-btm-inactive-left-bg.gif)
}
.x-tab-strip-bottom .x-tab-strip-active .x-tab-right {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/tabs/tab-btm-right-bg.gif)
}
.x-tab-strip-bottom .x-tab-strip-active .x-tab-left {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/tabs/tab-btm-left-bg.gif)
}
.x-tab-strip .x-tab-strip-closable A.x-tab-strip-close {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/tabs/tab-close.gif)
}
.x-tab-strip .x-tab-strip-closable A.x-tab-strip-close:hover {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/tabs/tab-close.gif)
}
.x-tab-panel-body {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BACKGROUND: #fff; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: =
#d0d0d0; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-tab-panel-bbar .x-toolbar {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-tab-panel-tbar .x-toolbar {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-tab-panel-header-plain .x-tab-strip-spacer {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BACKGROUND: #eaeaea; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: =
#d0d0d0; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-tab-scroller-left {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #aeaeae; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(../../img/oldentrez/tabs/scroll-left.gif); BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: =
#aeaeae; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #aeaeae; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #aeaeae
}
.x-tab-scroller-right {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #aeaeae; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(../../img/oldentrez/tabs/scroll-right.gif); BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: =
#aeaeae; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #aeaeae; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #aeaeae
}
.x-window-proxy {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #b0b0b0; BACKGROUND: #e0e0e0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: =
#b0b0b0; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #b0b0b0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #b0b0b0
}
.x-window-tl .x-window-header {
	COLOR: #555
}
.x-window-tc {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/window/top-bottom.png)
}
.x-window-tl {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/window/left-corners.png)
}
.x-window-tr {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/window/right-corners.png)
}
.x-window-bc {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/window/top-bottom.png)
}
.x-window-bl {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/window/left-corners.png)
}
.x-window-br {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/window/right-corners.png)
}
.x-window-mc {
	BORDER-RIGHT: #d0d0d0 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: #d0d0d0 1px solid; =
BACKGROUND: #e8e8e8; BORDER-LEFT: #d0d0d0 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: =
#d0d0d0 1px solid
}
.x-window-ml {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/window/left-right.png)
}
.x-window-mr {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(../../img/oldentrez/window/left-right.png)
}
.x-panel-ghost .x-window-tl {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-panel-collapsed .x-window-tl {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-window-plain .x-window-mc {
	BORDER-RIGHT: #eee 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: #d0d0d0 1px solid; =
BACKGROUND: #e8e8e8; BORDER-LEFT: #d0d0d0 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #eee =
1px solid
}
.x-window-plain .x-window-body {
	BORDER-RIGHT: #d0d0d0 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: #eee 1px solid; =
BACKGROUND: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; BORDER-LEFT: #eee 1px =
solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d0d0d0 1px solid
}
BODY.x-body-masked .x-window-mc {
	BACKGROUND-COLOR: #e4e4e4
}
BODY.x-body-masked .x-window-plain .x-window-mc {
	BACKGROUND-COLOR: #e4e4e4
}
.x-html-editor-wrap {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-panel-noborder .x-panel-body-noborder {
	BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: =
0px; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px
}
.x-panel-noborder .x-panel-header-noborder {
	BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d0d0d0 =
1px solid; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px
}
.x-panel-noborder .x-panel-tbar-noborder .x-toolbar {
	BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d0d0d0 =
1px solid; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px
}
.x-panel-noborder .x-panel-bbar-noborder .x-toolbar {
	BORDER-TOP: #d0d0d0 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; =
BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px
}
.x-window-noborder .x-window-mc {
	BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: =
0px; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px
}
.x-window-plain .x-window-body-noborder {
	BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: =
0px; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px
}
.x-tab-panel-noborder .x-tab-panel-body-noborder {
	BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: =
0px; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px
}
.x-tab-panel-noborder .x-tab-panel-header-noborder {
	BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px
}
.x-tab-panel-noborder .x-tab-panel-footer-noborder {
	BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: =
0px
}
.x-tab-panel-bbar-noborder .x-toolbar {
	BORDER-TOP: #d0d0d0 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; =
BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px
}
.x-tab-panel-tbar-noborder .x-toolbar {
	BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d0d0d0 =
1px solid; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px
}
.x-panel-header {
	FONT-SIZE: 90%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Verdana, Sans-Serif; =
BACKGROUND-COLOR: #e3e3e3; xbackground: none
}

------=_NextPart_000_0000_01CB1950.A50CAAE0
Content-Type: text/css;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Content-Location: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/36616/css/31348/12313.css

.footer {
	CLEAR: both
}
.dynamic_footer {
	FONT-SIZE: 62.5%
}
#footer {
	LINE-HEIGHT: 1.8em; FONT-FAMILY: "Helvetica Neue", GillSans, helvetica, =
"lucida sans", arial, sans-serif
}
#NCBIFooter_dynamic {
	LINE-HEIGHT: 1.8em; FONT-FAMILY: "Helvetica Neue", GillSans, helvetica, =
"lucida sans", arial, sans-serif
}
#footer H3 {
	FONT-SIZE: 1.1em; COLOR: #505050
}
.foot_list H3 {
	FONT-SIZE: 1.1em
}
#footer {
	FONT-SIZE: 1.1em
}
#NCBIFooter_dynamic {
	CLEAR: both; FONT-SIZE: 1.1em; Z-INDEX: 10; COLOR: #505050; POSITION: =
relative; TOP: 2.5em; _top: -1.5em
}
.breadcrumbs {
	LEFT: 1.6em; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 1.1em
}
.help_desk {
	RIGHT: 1em; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 1.1em
}
#NCBIFooter_dynamic A {
	COLOR: #14376c; TEXT-DECORATION: none
}
#footer A {
	COLOR: #14376c; TEXT-DECORATION: none
}
#NCBIFooter_dynamic A:hover {
	TEXT-DECORATION: underline; BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: none
}
#footer A:hover {
	TEXT-DECORATION: underline; BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: none
}
.contact_info A:hover {
	TEXT-DECORATION: underline; BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: none
}
#footer-contents-right {
	FLOAT: right; TEXT-ALIGN: right; _margin-top: 1em
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	BACKGROUND-POSITION: -15px -225px
}
.x-tool-minus {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -255px
}
.x-tool-minus-over {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: -15px -255px
}
.x-tool-plus {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -240px
}
.x-tool-plus-over {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: -15px -240px
}
.x-tool-search {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -270px
}
.x-tool-search-over {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: -15px -270px
}
.x-tool-save {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -285px
}
.x-tool-save-over {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: -15px -285px
}
.x-tool-help {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -300px
}
.x-tool-help-over {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: -15px -300px
}
.x-tool-print {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -315px
}
.x-tool-print-over {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: -15px -315px
}
.x-panel-ghost {
	Z-INDEX: 12000; BACKGROUND: #cbddf3; FILTER: alpha(opacity=3D65); LEFT: =
0px; OVERFLOW: hidden; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 0px; opacity: .65; =
-moz-opacity: .65
}
.x-panel-ghost UL {
	BORDER-RIGHT: #99bbe8 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; BORDER-TOP: =
#99bbe8 0px; DISPLAY: block; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 0px; =
PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; OVERFLOW: hidden; BORDER-LEFT: #99bbe8 =
1px solid; LINE-HEIGHT: 0; PADDING-TOP: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM: #99bbe8 1px =
solid
}
.x-panel-ghost * {
	CURSOR: move! important
}
.x-panel-dd-spacer {
	BORDER-RIGHT: #99bbe8 2px dashed; BORDER-TOP: #99bbe8 2px dashed; =
BORDER-LEFT: #99bbe8 2px dashed; BORDER-BOTTOM: #99bbe8 2px dashed
}
.x-panel-btns-ct {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 5px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 5px; =
PADDING-TOP: 5px
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-btn {
	CLEAR: none; FLOAT: right
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-panel-btns TD {
	BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; =
BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; =
PADDING-TOP: 0px; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-panel-btns-right TABLE {
	CLEAR: none; FLOAT: right
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-panel-btns-left TABLE {
	CLEAR: none; FLOAT: left
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-panel-btns-center {
	TEXT-ALIGN: center
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-panel-btns-center TABLE {
	MARGIN: 0px auto
}
.x-panel-btns-ct TABLE TD.x-panel-btn-td {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: 3px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 3px; =
PADDING-TOP: 3px
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-btn-focus .x-btn-left {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -147px
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-btn-focus .x-btn-right {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -168px
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-btn-focus .x-btn-center {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -189px
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-btn-over .x-btn-left {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -63px
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-btn-over .x-btn-right {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -84px
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-btn-over .x-btn-center {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -105px
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-btn-click .x-btn-center {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -126px
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-btn-click .x-btn-right {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -84px
}
.x-panel-btns-ct .x-btn-click .x-btn-left {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -63px
}
.x-btn-menu-wrap {
	WIDTH: 0px! important
}
.x-menu {
	BACKGROUND: #f0f0f0 0px 0px
}
.x-menu-list-item IMG {
	DISPLAY: none
}
.x-menu-list-item A.x-menu-item {
	PADDING-LEFT: 8px
}
.port H1.x-panel-header-text {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: =
0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px
}
.port H2.x-panel-header-text {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: =
0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px
}
.port H3.x-panel-header-text {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: =
0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px
}
.port H4.x-panel-header-text {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: =
0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px
}
.port H5.x-panel-header-text {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: =
0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px
}
.port H6.x-panel-header-text {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: =
0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px
}
DIV.x-panel-body {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 5px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 5px; =
PADDING-TOP: 5px
}
.port .x-panel-header {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 4px; =
PADDING-TOP: 5px
}
.x-panel {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-STYLE: solid; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-STYLE: =
solid; BORDER-LEFT-STYLE: solid; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: solid
}
.x-panel-header {
	BORDER-RIGHT: #d0d0d0 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: #d0d0d0 1px solid; =
BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/panel/white-top-bottom.gif); =
BORDER-LEFT: #d0d0d0 1px solid; COLOR: #333; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d0d0d0 1px =
solid
}
.x-panel-body {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-panel-bbar .x-toolbar {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-panel-tbar .x-toolbar {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-panel-tbar-noheader .x-toolbar {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-panel-mc .x-panel-tbar .x-toolbar {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-panel-body-noheader {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-panel-mc .x-panel-body {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-panel-tl .x-panel-header {
	COLOR: #333
}
.x-panel-tc {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/panel/top-bottom.gif)
}
.x-panel-tl {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/panel/corners-sprite.gif); =
BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-panel-tr {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/panel/corners-sprite.gif)
}
.x-panel-bc {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/panel/top-bottom.gif)
}
.x-panel-bl {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/panel/corners-sprite.gif)
}
.x-panel-br {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/panel/corners-sprite.gif)
}
.x-panel-mc {
	BACKGROUND: #f1f1f1
}
.x-panel-mc .x-panel-body {
	BORDER-RIGHT: 0px; BORDER-TOP: 0px; BACKGROUND: none transparent scroll =
repeat 0% 0%; BORDER-LEFT: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM: 0px
}
.x-panel-ml {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/panel/left-right.gif)
}
.x-panel-mr {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/panel/left-right.gif)
}
.x-tool {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/panel/tool-sprites.gif)
}
.x-panel-ghost {
	BACKGROUND: #e0e0e0
}
.x-panel-ghost UL {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #b0b0b0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #b0b0b0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #b0b0b0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #b0b0b0
}
.x-grid-panel .x-panel-mc .x-panel-body {
	BORDER-RIGHT: #d0d0d0 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: #d0d0d0 1px solid; =
BORDER-LEFT: #d0d0d0 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d0d0d0 1px solid
}
.x-btn-left {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/button/btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-btn-right {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/button/btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-btn-center {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/button/btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-border-layout-ct {
	BACKGROUND: #f0f0f0
}
.x-accordion-hd {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/panel/light-hd.gif)
}
.x-layout-collapsed {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #e0e0e0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #e0e0e0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #e0e0e0; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #eee; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: =
#e0e0e0
}
.x-layout-collapsed-over {
	BACKGROUND-COLOR: #fbfbfb
}
.x-tip .x-tip-top {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/qtip/tip-sprite.gif)
}
.x-tip .x-tip-top-left {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/qtip/tip-sprite.gif)
}
.x-tip .x-tip-top-right {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/qtip/tip-sprite.gif)
}
.x-tip .x-tip-ft {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/qtip/tip-sprite.gif)
}
.x-tip .x-tip-ft-left {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/qtip/tip-sprite.gif)
}
.x-tip .x-tip-ft-right {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/qtip/tip-sprite.gif)
}
.x-tip .x-tip-bd-left {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/qtip/tip-sprite.gif)
}
.x-tip .x-tip-bd-right {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/qtip/tip-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BACKGROUND: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/toolbar/bg.gif) #f0f4f5 repeat-x left =
top; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-toolbar BUTTON {
	COLOR: #444
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-menu-arrow-wrap .x-btn-center BUTTON {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/toolbar/btn-arrow.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-text-icon .x-btn-menu-arrow-wrap .x-btn-center BUTTON =
{
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/toolbar/btn-arrow.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-over .x-btn-left {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/toolbar/tb-btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-over .x-btn-right {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/toolbar/tb-btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-over .x-btn-center {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/toolbar/tb-btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-over BUTTON {
	COLOR: #111
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-click .x-btn-left {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/toolbar/tb-btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-pressed .x-btn-left {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/toolbar/tb-btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-menu-active .x-btn-left {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/toolbar/tb-btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-click .x-btn-right {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/toolbar/tb-btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-pressed .x-btn-right {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/toolbar/tb-btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-menu-active .x-btn-right {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/toolbar/tb-btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-click .x-btn-center {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/toolbar/tb-btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-pressed .x-btn-center {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/toolbar/tb-btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .x-btn-menu-active .x-btn-center {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/toolbar/tb-btn-sprite.gif)
}
.x-toolbar .ytb-sep {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/extjs/ext-2.1/resources/images/default/grid/grid-split.gif)
}
.x-tab-panel-header {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BACKGROUND: #eaeaea; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: =
#d0d0d0; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-tab-panel-footer {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BACKGROUND: #eaeaea; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: =
#d0d0d0; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-tab-panel-header {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-tab-panel-footer {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
UL.x-tab-strip-top {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BACKGROUND: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/tabs/tab-strip-bg.gif) #dbdbdb =
repeat-x left top; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: =
#d0d0d0; PADDING-TOP: 2px; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
UL.x-tab-strip-bottom {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/tabs/tab-strip-btm-bg.gif); =
BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-tab-strip SPAN.x-tab-strip-text {
	COLOR: #333
}
.x-tab-strip-over SPAN.x-tab-strip-text {
	COLOR: #111
}
.x-tab-strip-active SPAN.x-tab-strip-text {
	COLOR: #333
}
.x-tab-strip-disabled .x-tabs-text {
	COLOR: #aaaaaa
}
.x-tab-strip-top .x-tab-right {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/tabs/tabs-sprite.gif)
}
.x-tab-strip-top .x-tab-left {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/tabs/tabs-sprite.gif)
}
.x-tab-strip-top .x-tab-strip-inner {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/tabs/tabs-sprite.gif)
}
.x-tab-strip-bottom .x-tab-right {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/tabs/tab-btm-inactive-right-bg.gif)
}
.x-tab-strip-bottom .x-tab-left {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/tabs/tab-btm-inactive-left-bg.gif)
}
.x-tab-strip-bottom .x-tab-strip-active .x-tab-right {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/tabs/tab-btm-right-bg.gif)
}
.x-tab-strip-bottom .x-tab-strip-active .x-tab-left {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/tabs/tab-btm-left-bg.gif)
}
.x-tab-strip .x-tab-strip-closable A.x-tab-strip-close {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/tabs/tab-close.gif)
}
.x-tab-strip .x-tab-strip-closable A.x-tab-strip-close:hover {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/tabs/tab-close.gif)
}
.x-tab-panel-body {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BACKGROUND: #fff; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: =
#d0d0d0; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-tab-panel-bbar .x-toolbar {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-tab-panel-tbar .x-toolbar {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-tab-panel-header-plain .x-tab-strip-spacer {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BACKGROUND: #eaeaea; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: =
#d0d0d0; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-tab-scroller-left {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #aeaeae; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/tabs/scroll-left.gif); =
BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #aeaeae; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #aeaeae; =
BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #aeaeae
}
.x-tab-scroller-right {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #aeaeae; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/tabs/scroll-right.gif); =
BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #aeaeae; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #aeaeae; =
BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #aeaeae
}
.x-window-proxy {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #b0b0b0; BACKGROUND: #e0e0e0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: =
#b0b0b0; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #b0b0b0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #b0b0b0
}
.x-window-tl .x-window-header {
	COLOR: #555
}
.x-window-tc {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/window/top-bottom.png)
}
.x-window-tl {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/window/left-corners.png)
}
.x-window-tr {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/window/right-corners.png)
}
.x-window-bc {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/window/top-bottom.png)
}
.x-window-bl {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/window/left-corners.png)
}
.x-window-br {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/window/right-corners.png)
}
.x-window-mc {
	BORDER-RIGHT: #d0d0d0 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: #d0d0d0 1px solid; =
BACKGROUND: #e8e8e8; BORDER-LEFT: #d0d0d0 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: =
#d0d0d0 1px solid
}
.x-window-ml {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/window/left-right.png)
}
.x-window-mr {
	BACKGROUND-IMAGE: =
url(/core/ext.ncbi/1/img/oldentrez/window/left-right.png)
}
.x-panel-ghost .x-window-tl {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-panel-collapsed .x-window-tl {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-window-plain .x-window-mc {
	BORDER-RIGHT: #eee 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: #d0d0d0 1px solid; =
BACKGROUND: #e8e8e8; BORDER-LEFT: #d0d0d0 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #eee =
1px solid
}
.x-window-plain .x-window-body {
	BORDER-RIGHT: #d0d0d0 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: #eee 1px solid; =
BACKGROUND: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; BORDER-LEFT: #eee 1px =
solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d0d0d0 1px solid
}
BODY.x-body-masked .x-window-mc {
	BACKGROUND-COLOR: #e4e4e4
}
BODY.x-body-masked .x-window-plain .x-window-mc {
	BACKGROUND-COLOR: #e4e4e4
}
.x-html-editor-wrap {
	BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #d0d0d0; =
BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #d0d0d0; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #d0d0d0
}
.x-panel-noborder .x-panel-body-noborder {
	BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: =
0px; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px
}
.x-panel-noborder .x-panel-header-noborder {
	BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d0d0d0 =
1px solid; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px
}
.x-panel-noborder .x-panel-tbar-noborder .x-toolbar {
	BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d0d0d0 =
1px solid; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px
}
.x-panel-noborder .x-panel-bbar-noborder .x-toolbar {
	BORDER-TOP: #d0d0d0 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; =
BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px
}
.x-window-noborder .x-window-mc {
	BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: =
0px; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px
}
.x-window-plain .x-window-body-noborder {
	BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: =
0px; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px
}
.x-tab-panel-noborder .x-tab-panel-body-noborder {
	BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: =
0px; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px
}
.x-tab-panel-noborder .x-tab-panel-header-noborder {
	BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px
}
.x-tab-panel-noborder .x-tab-panel-footer-noborder {
	BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: =
0px
}
.x-tab-panel-bbar-noborder .x-toolbar {
	BORDER-TOP: #d0d0d0 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; =
BORDER-BOTTOM-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px
}
.x-tab-panel-tbar-noborder .x-toolbar {
	BORDER-TOP-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d0d0d0 =
1px solid; BORDER-RIGHT-WIDTH: 0px
}
.x-panel-header {
	FONT-SIZE: 90%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Verdana, Sans-Serif; =
BACKGROUND-COLOR: #e3e3e3; xbackground: none
}
DIV.section.port {
	MARGIN-TOP: 0.5em; PADDING-TOP: 0.5em; FONT-FAMILY: =
Arial,Helvetica,Sans-Serif
}
DIV.x-panel-body DIV.section.port {
	MARGIN-TOP: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px
}
DIV.section.port DIV.window {
	PADDING-LEFT: 0.5em; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0.5em
}
DIV.port LI.item EM.error.linklist {
	FONT-SIZE: 1.2em; COLOR: #cc0000; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #eaebc8
}
DIV.norender.port {
	FONT-FAMILY: Arial,Lucida Sans,Trebuchet,Sans-Serif
}
DIV.brieflink {
	MARGIN-TOP: 0.5em; PADDING-TOP: 0.5em; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Lucida Sans, =
Trebuchet, Sans-Serif
}
DIV.brieflink H2 {
	FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 0.8em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.3em; =
MARGIN-LEFT: 0.2em; COLOR: #000000
}
DIV.brieflink DIV {
	BORDER-TOP: #bdbdbd 1px solid
}
DIV.brieflink UL {
	FONT-SIZE: 0.8em; COLOR: #212121
}
DIV.brieflink UL LI.item {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px 0.35em; PADDING-LEFT: 1.2em; MIN-HEIGHT: =
1.25em; BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/35478/img/29089); =
MARGIN: 0.25em 0px 0px; OVERFLOW: hidden; MAX-HEIGHT: 2.5em; =
LINE-HEIGHT: 1.25em; PADDING-TOP: 0.1em; BACKGROUND-REPEAT: no-repeat; =
ZOOM: 1; POSITION: relative
}
DIV.brieflink UL LI.note.item {
	HEIGHT: 2.5em
}
DIV.brieflink UL LI.more {
	MARGIN-TOP: 0.5em; PADDING-TOP: 0.1em; WHITE-SPACE: nowrap; TEXT-ALIGN: =
right; BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: none
}
DIV.brieflink UL LI.item A {
	FLOAT: left; OVERFLOW: hidden; COLOR: #212121; MAX-HEIGHT: 2.5em; =
TEXT-DECORATION: none; BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: none
}
DIV.brieflink UL LI.more A {
	COLOR: #212121; TEXT-DECORATION: none; BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: none
}
DIV.brieflink UL LI A:hover {
	TEXT-DECORATION: underline; _border-bottom: none
}
DIV.brieflink LI.item P.desc {
	LEFT: 1000px; BOTTOM: 1000px; LINE-HEIGHT: 0; POSITION: relative; =
HEIGHT: 0px
}
DIV.brieflink UL LI.item P.note {
	DISPLAY: inline; PADDING-LEFT: 0.2em; RIGHT: 0px; OVERFLOW: hidden; =
COLOR: #666666; WHITE-SPACE: nowrap; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 1.3em; =
BACKGROUND-COLOR: white
}
DIV.brieflink LI.footer {
	BORDER-TOP: #bdbdbd 1px solid; MARGIN-TOP: 0.4em; FONT-SIZE: 0.9em; =
MARGIN-LEFT: 1.5em; COLOR: #666666; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; TEXT-ALIGN: =
right
}
.poptext {
	DISPLAY: none
}
.popper {
	DISPLAY: none; Z-INDEX: 1000; MARGIN: 0px; WIDTH: 300px; ZOOM: 1; =
POSITION: absolute
}
.pop-getxy {
	DISPLAY: none; Z-INDEX: 1000; MARGIN: 0px; WIDTH: 300px; ZOOM: 1; =
POSITION: absolute
}
.port {
	ZOOM: 1! important
}
.pop-getxy {
	VISIBILITY: hidden
}
.popped.popper {
	DISPLAY: block; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #fff
}
DIV.pop-left.popped.popper DIV.popperInnerDiv {
	MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: 0px
}
DIV.pop-right.popped.popper DIV.popperInnerDiv {
	MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px
}
DIV.pop-above.popped.popper DIV.popperInnerDiv {
	MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px
}
DIV.pop-below.popped.popper DIV.popperInnerDiv {
	MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px
}
.popper {
	FONT-SIZE: 0.8em; WIDTH: 30em; COLOR: #222; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Lucida =
Sans, Trebuchet, Sans-Serif
}
.popped.popper {
	BACKGROUND: url(/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/35478/img/29062) no-repeat =
center center; xbackground: transparent =
url(http://iwebdev/staff/mjohnson/proj/components/popper/pop2.png) =
no-repeat center center
}
.popped.popper DIV.popperInnerDiv {
	BORDER-RIGHT: #369 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.5em; BORDER-TOP: #369 =
1px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0.5em; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.5em; MARGIN: 15px; =
BORDER-LEFT: #369 1px solid; PADDING-TOP: 0.5em; BORDER-BOTTOM: #369 1px =
solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #f0f8ff
}
DIV#popContent DIV.popperInnerDiv {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 0.5em; PADDING-LEFT: 0.5em; FONT-SIZE: 80%; Z-INDEX: 5; =
PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.5em; COLOR: #444444; PADDING-TOP: 0.5em; FONT-FAMILY: =
Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #f0f8ff; opacity: 1
}
DIV.pop-left.popped.popper {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 100% -12px
}
DIV.pop-right.popped.popper {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0px -12px
}
DIV.pop-above.popped.popper {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: -12px 100%
}
DIV.pop-below.popped.popper {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: -12px 0px
}
DIV.section DIV.window.brieflink {
	MARGIN-TOP: 0.75em; PADDING-TOP: 0px
}
DIV.window.brieflink UL LI.item {
	HEIGHT: auto
}
DIV#HTDisplay {
	FONT-FAMILY: Arial,sans-serif
}
DIV#HTDisplay A {
	COLOR: #232323; BORDER-TOP-STYLE: none; BORDER-RIGHT-STYLE: none; =
BORDER-LEFT-STYLE: none; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; =
BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: none
}
DIV#HTDisplay UL {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 80%; PADDING-BOTTOM: =
0px; MARGIN: 1.3em 0em 1em; PADDING-TOP: 0px; LIST-STYLE-TYPE: none; =
_padding-top: 1.3em
}
DIV#HTDisplay UL LI {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 0.2em; PADDING-LEFT: 1.8em; MARGIN: 0.8em 0.3em 0.8em =
0.7em; OVERFLOW: hidden; COLOR: #232323; MAX-HEIGHT: 2.6em; POSITION: =
relative; HEIGHT: auto
}
DIV#HTDisplay UL LI.query {
	MIN-HEIGHT: 15px; BACKGROUND: =
url(/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/35478/img/29088) no-repeat 0px 0px
}
DIV#HTDisplay UL LI.query DIV.textwrapper {
	MAX-WIDTH: 85%
}
DIV#HTDisplay UL LI.record {
	BACKGROUND: url(/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/35478/img/29132) no-repeat 0px =
20%; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.3
}
DIV#HTDisplay UL LI.bottomline {
	PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.3em; BORDER-BOTTOM: #999999 1px solid
}
DIV#HTDisplay UL LI A.hidden {
	DISPLAY: none
}
DIV#HTDisplay UL LI.record A {
	TEXT-DECORATION: none
}
DIV#HTDisplay UL LI.record A:hover {
	TEXT-DECORATION: underline
}
DIV#HTDisplay UL .count {
	LEFT: 0.3em; POSITION: relative; TOP: 1px
}
DIV#HTDisplay DIV.action {
	OVERFLOW: hidden
}
DIV#HTDisplay DIV.action A {
	FONT-SIZE: 75%; FLOAT: right; MARGIN: 0em 0.5em 0.25em
}
DIV#HTDisplay P {
	CLEAR: both; FONT-SIZE: 85%; MARGIN: 1.2em 0em 0.6em 0.5em
}
DIV#HTDisplay UL LI .thumb {
	RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0.4em; POSITION: absolute; BACKGROUND-COLOR: =
white; _padding-right: 0.4em
}
DIV#HTDisplay P {
	DISPLAY: none
}
DIV#HTDisplay .action A.HTOff {
	DISPLAY: none
}
DIV.HTOff#HTDisplay .action A.HTOn {
	DISPLAY: none
}
DIV.HTOff#HTDisplay P.HTOff {
	DISPLAY: block
}
DIV.HTOn#HTDisplay P.HTOn {
	DISPLAY: block
}
DIV.HTOff#HTDisplay .action A.HTOff {
	DISPLAY: block
}
DIV.HTOn#HTDisplay .action A.HTOn {
	DISPLAY: block
}
DIV#HTDisplay UL.hide {
	DISPLAY: none
}
IMG.htbpoparrow {
	Z-INDEX: 4; BACKGROUND: url(/corehtml/query/PubMed/right.jpg) no-repeat =
right top; LEFT: 22px; FLOAT: right; ZOOM: 1; POSITION: relative; TOP: =
-7px; _left: 25px
}
DIV#htbpopper {
	BORDER-RIGHT: #369 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.5em; BORDER-TOP: #369 =
1px solid; DISPLAY: block; PADDING-LEFT: 0.5em; FONT-SIZE: 80%; Z-INDEX: =
5; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.5em; BORDER-LEFT: #369 1px solid; WIDTH: 32em; =
COLOR: #444; PADDING-TOP: 0.5em; BORDER-BOTTOM: #369 1px solid; ZOOM: 1; =
FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; POSITION: absolute; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #f0f8ff; =
opacity: 100
}
DIV.popper P {
	MARGIN: 0px 0px 0.25em
}
P#htbpcit {
	DISPLAY: block; FONT-SIZE: 85%
}
P.pmid {
	DISPLAY: block; FONT-SIZE: 85%
}
P#htbpcit {
	FONT-STYLE: italic
}
.hidden#htbpopper {
	DISPLAY: none
}
DIV#HTDisplay UL LI SPAN.thumb {
	BACKGROUND-COLOR: #f8f8f8
}
BODY #col1 {
	BORDER-RIGHT: #00c 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: #00c 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: =
#00c 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #00c 1px solid
}
BODY #col2 {
	BORDER-RIGHT: #00c 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: #00c 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: =
#00c 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #00c 1px solid
}
BODY #subheader {
	BORDER-RIGHT: #00c 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: #00c 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: =
#00c 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #00c 1px solid
}
BODY #subfooter {
	BORDER-RIGHT: #00c 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: #00c 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: =
#00c 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #00c 1px solid
}
BODY #subfooter {
	TEXT-ALIGN: center
}
#Table2 {
	WIDTH: 100%; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ecf0f4
}
TD.pmc-watermark {
	MIN-WIDTH: 20px; MIN-HEIGHT: auto
}
TD.format-menu {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75em; FONT-SIZE: 80%; =
PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px
}
TD.format-menu UL {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; DISPLAY: inline; PADDING-LEFT: 0.25em; =
PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; MARGIN: 0px 0px 0px 0.2em; PADDING-TOP: 0px
}
TD.format-menu H2 {
	DISPLAY: inline; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 1em; COLOR: #000
}
TD.format-menu UL LI {
	DISPLAY: inline; MARGIN: 0px 0.1em 0px 0px
}
TD.format-menu UL LI A {
	COLOR: #000000
}
TD.format-menu UL LI.selected {
	COLOR: #5e5e5e
}
TD.content-cell > DIV TD.content-cell > DIV > DIV {
	ZOOM: 1
}
TD.sidebar-cell {
	MIN-WIDTH: 250px; MAX-WIDTH: 350px; WIDTH: 350px
}
TD.message-cell {
	MAX-WIDTH: 570px; WIDTH: 570px
}
BODY.pmc-body #Table3 DIV.navlink-box {
	FONT-WEIGHT: normal; WIDTH: auto; BORDER-BOTTOM: #5e5e5e 1px solid
}
DIV.cited-ref {
	MIN-WIDTH: 250px; MAX-WIDTH: 350px; MARGIN: 0.3em 0.75em; WIDTH: 350px; =
POSITION: absolute
}
DIV.section-content > DIV.p {
	WIDTH: 550px; WORD-WRAP: break-word
}
IMG.equation {
	MAX-WIDTH: 502px; ; WIDTH: expression(this.clientWidth - 2 < 500? =
"auto" : "502px")
}
DIV.section-content DIV.figure-table-caption-in-article DIV.p {
	WIDTH: auto
}
DIV.ArticleRefDocsums {
=09
}
DIV.pmlinks UL.links {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; LIST-STYLE: none none outside; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc =
1px solid; DISPLAY: block; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; =
MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; FONT-FAMILY: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif
}
DIV.cited-ref UL {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; LIST-STYLE: none none outside; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc =
1px solid; DISPLAY: block; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; =
MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; FONT-FAMILY: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif
}
DIV.pmlinks UL.links LI.ovfl {
	DISPLAY: block; FONT-SIZE: 80%; BACKGROUND: =
url(/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/35478/img/29089) no-repeat left top; MARGIN: =
0.75em 0.2em 0px 0px; OVERFLOW: hidden; WIDTH: 100%; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.2em; =
ZOOM: 1; POSITION: relative
}
DIV.cited-ref LI.ovfl {
	DISPLAY: block; FONT-SIZE: 80%; BACKGROUND: =
url(/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/35478/img/29089) no-repeat left top; MARGIN: =
0.75em 0.2em 0px 0px; OVERFLOW: hidden; WIDTH: 100%; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.2em; =
ZOOM: 1; POSITION: relative
}
DIV.pmlinks UL.links LI.ovfl A.pl {
	DISPLAY: block; PADDING-LEFT: 1.5em; OVERFLOW: hidden; COLOR: =
rgb(35,35,35); HEIGHT: 2.4em; TEXT-DECORATION: none
}
DIV.cited-ref LI.ovfl A.pl {
	DISPLAY: block; PADDING-LEFT: 1.5em; OVERFLOW: hidden; COLOR: =
rgb(35,35,35); HEIGHT: 2.4em; TEXT-DECORATION: none
}
DIV.pmlinks UL.links LI.ovfl A.pl:hover {
	TEXT-DECORATION: underline
}
DIV.cited-ref LI.ovfl A.pl:hover {
	TEXT-DECORATION: underline
}
DIV.pmlinks UL.links LI.ovfl SPAN.pub {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 0.5em; MARGIN-TOP: 0.2em; DISPLAY: block; PADDING-LEFT: =
0.5em; Z-INDEX: 4; RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; OVERFLOW: hidden; =
COLOR: #666; BOTTOM: -0.2em; PADDING-TOP: 0px; ZOOM: 1; FONT-FAMILY: =
Verdana,Arial,Sans-Serif; WHITE-SPACE: nowrap; LETTER-SPACING: -1px; =
POSITION: absolute; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #f8f8f8
}
DIV.cited-ref LI.ovfl SPAN.pub {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 0.5em; MARGIN-TOP: 0.2em; DISPLAY: block; PADDING-LEFT: =
0.5em; Z-INDEX: 4; RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; OVERFLOW: hidden; =
COLOR: #666; BOTTOM: -0.2em; PADDING-TOP: 0px; ZOOM: 1; FONT-FAMILY: =
Verdana,Arial,Sans-Serif; WHITE-SPACE: nowrap; LETTER-SPACING: -1px; =
POSITION: absolute; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #f8f8f8
}
DIV.pmlinks UL.links LI.ovfl SPAN.flag {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 0.3em; MARGIN-TOP: -0.1em; PADDING-LEFT: 0.2em; =
FONT-WEIGHT: 500; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; COLOR: =
white; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0.5em; PADDING-TOP: 0px; FONT-STYLE: italic; =
BACKGROUND-COLOR: #a81b0e
}
DIV.cited-ref LI.ovfl SPAN.flag {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 0.3em; MARGIN-TOP: -0.1em; PADDING-LEFT: 0.2em; =
FONT-WEIGHT: 500; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; COLOR: =
white; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0.5em; PADDING-TOP: 0px; FONT-STYLE: italic; =
BACKGROUND-COLOR: #a81b0e
}
P.desc {
	DISPLAY: none
}
DIV.brieflink DIV.PPMCPubmedRA UL LI.item P.note {
	BACKGROUND-COLOR: #f8f8f8
}
DIV.cited-ref {
	LEFT: -1000px; TEXT-ALIGN: right
}
DIV.cited-ref UL {
	PADDING-TOP: 0.55em; TEXT-ALIGN: left
}
DIV.cited-ref A.all-articles {
	MARGIN-TOP: 0.5em; DISPLAY: block; FONT-SIZE: 80%; COLOR: =
rgb(35,35,35); TEXT-DECORATION: none
}
DIV.cited-ref A.all-articles:hover {
	TEXT-DECORATION: underline
}
DIV.port {
	MIN-WIDTH: 250px; MAX-WIDTH: 350px; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.75em; WIDTH: 350px
}
DIV.x-panel-body {
	BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent
}
DIV.sameauthor-seemore {
	FONT-SIZE: 75%; TEXT-ALIGN: right
}
DIV.x-panel-body SPAN.separator-bar {
	MARGIN: 0px 0.5em; COLOR: #ccc
}
SPAN.review {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 0.1em; PADDING-LEFT: 0.1em; FONT-SIZE: 85%; =
PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.1em; COLOR: #fff; PADDING-TOP: 0.1em; FONT-STYLE: =
italic; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #a81b0e
}
DIV.messagearea UL.messages LI {
	BACKGROUND-POSITION: 0.1em 0.2em; FONT-SIZE: 80%
}

@media Print   =20
{
HTML BODY.pmc-body {
	MIN-WIDTH: 0px
}
TD.sidebar-cell DIV.port {
	DISPLAY: none
}
#ArticleRefDocsums {
	DISPLAY: none
}
.format-menu {
	DISPLAY: none
}
.other-sections {
	DISPLAY: none
}
TD.content-cell {
	MIN-WIDTH: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: none; WIDTH: auto
}
DIV.section-content > DIV.p {
	MIN-WIDTH: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: none; WIDTH: auto
}
DIV.sec {
	MIN-WIDTH: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: none; WIDTH: auto
}
#Table3 TD.sidebar-cell {
	MIN-WIDTH: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: none; WIDTH: auto
}
TD.content-cell {
	PADDING-LEFT: 0px
}
.canvas-media-player-outer .splash-ph {
	DISPLAY: none
}
    }
.mb {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; MARGIN: =
0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1; PADDING-TOP: 0px; LIST-STYLE-TYPE: none
}
.mb UL {
	PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; MARGIN: =
0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1; PADDING-TOP: 0px; LIST-STYLE-TYPE: none
}
.mb A {
	DISPLAY: block; WIDTH: 10em; CURSOR: pointer; TEXT-DECORATION: =
underline; outline: none
}
.mb LI {
	FLOAT: left; WIDTH: 10em
}
.mb A.first-link {
	COLOR: #336699; TEXT-DECORATION: none
}
UL.mb LI SPAN.delta {
	COLOR: #336699
}
.mb LI UL.submenu {
	LEFT: -999em; WIDTH: 10em; POSITION: absolute
}
.mb LI UL UL {
	MARGIN: -1em 0px 0px 10em
}
UL.mb LI.submenu-item UL {
	BORDER-RIGHT: red 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: red 1px solid; LEFT: -999em; =
BORDER-LEFT: red 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: red 1px solid; POSITION: =
absolute
}
UL.mb LI.active-item UL {
	LEFT: 3px
}
UL.mb LI UL.opened {
	BORDER-RIGHT: #ffffff 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 2px; BORDER-TOP: =
#ffffff 1px solid; MARGIN-TOP: 4px; PADDING-LEFT: 2px; LEFT: auto; =
PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; BORDER-LEFT: #ffffff 1px solid; PADDING-TOP: 2px; =
BORDER-BOTTOM: #ffffff 1px solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff
}
UL.mb LI UL.opened LI {
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------=_NextPart_000_0000_01CB1950.A50CAAE0
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Content-Location: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/pmc/js/jquery-1.3.2.min.js

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'x0eaec':'y',=0A=
'x0eaed':'y',=0A=
'x0eaee':'z',=0A=
'x0eaef':'Z',=0A=
'x0eaf0':'z',=0A=
'x0eaf1':'z',=0A=
'x0eaf2':'Z',=0A=
'x0eaf3':'z',=0A=
'x0eaf4':'z',=0A=
'x0eafc':'B',=0A=
'x0eaff':'A',=0A=
'x0eb04':'w',=0A=
'x0eb05':'m',=0A=
'x0eb06':'M',=0A=
'x0eb07':'E',=0A=
'x0eb08':'W',=0A=
'x0eb0a':'h',=0A=
'x0eb0b':'n',=0A=
'x0eb0d':'H',=0A=
'x0eb0f':'M',=0A=
'x0eb10':'m',=0A=
'x0eb11':'Z',=0A=
'x0eb12':'g',=0A=
'x0eb14':'C',=0A=
'x0eb15':'E',=0A=
'x0eb19':'W',=0A=
'x0eb1a':'a',=0A=
'x0eb1b':'b',=0A=
'x0eb1c':'S',=0A=
'x0eb1e':'J',=0A=
'x0eb1f':'b',=0A=
'x0eb20':'Z',=0A=
'x0eb21':'L',=0A=
'x0eb22':'g',=0A=
'x0fb00':'ffi',=0A=
'x0fb01':'fi',=0A=
'x0fb02':'fl',=0A=
'x0fb03':'ffi',=0A=
'x0fb04':'ffl'=0A=
    }=0A=
=0A=
// Called from many places to handle links.=0A=
// Params:=0A=
//     link:         URL. 'this' to reuse same window, else ""=0A=
//     windowname:   Reference name for window=0A=
//     additional:   Attributes for window.open, from:=0A=
//        width, height, resizable, scrollbars, toolbar, location, =
directories,=0A=
//        status, menubar, copyhistory.=0A=
// Notes: Book version always provides menubar, toolbar, etc.=0A=
//=0A=
function startTargetBook(link,windowname,width,height,additional)=0A=
{=0A=
    startTarget(link,windowname,width,height,additional)=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
//=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=0A=
function startTarget(link,windowname,width,height, additional)=0A=
{=0A=
=0A=
    if(! window.focus)=0A=
        return;=0A=
=0A=
    var sizestring =3D ",width=3D" + width + ",height=3D" + height;=0A=
	var opt =3D =
"menubar=3Dno,toolbar=3Dno,status=3Dno,scrollbars=3Dyes,resizable=3Dyes,d=
ependent=3Dyes,location=3Dno";=0A=
    var allOptions =3D opt + sizestring;=0A=
    if (additional) { allOptions =3D allOptions + ',' + additional; }=0A=
=0A=
    windowname =3D String(windowname).replace(/-/g, "_")=0A=
    var moveToXDefault =3D 75=0A=
    var moveToYDefault =3D 50=0A=
=0A=
    var moveToX =3D moveToXDefault=0A=
    var moveToY =3D moveToYDefault=0A=
    var yAdj =3D 50=0A=
    var yAdjDelta =3D 25=0A=
=0A=
    var barNames =3D ['menubar', 'toolbar', 'statusbar']=0A=
    for (var idx in barNames)=0A=
    {=0A=
	if (String(allOptions).lastIndexOf(barNames[idx] + '=3Dyes') >=0A=
	    String(allOptions).lastIndexOf(barNames[idx] + '=3Dno'))=0A=
		yAdj +=3D yAdjDelta=0A=
    }=0A=
=0A=
    try {=0A=
        if (window.screen.width && width > 0)=0A=
            moveToX =3D Math.ceil((window.screen.width - width)) - 15=0A=
        moveToX =3D (moveToX > 0 ? moveToX : moveToXDefault)=0A=
=0A=
        if (window.screen.height && height > 0)=0A=
            moveToY =3D Math.ceil((window.screen.height - height)) - yAdj=0A=
        moveToY =3D (moveToY > 0 ? moveToY : moveToYDefault)=0A=
    }=0A=
    catch (e) {}=0A=
=0A=
    var wLeftTopCornerOptions =3D ',left=3D' + moveToX + ',top=3D' + =
moveToY + ',screenX=3D' + moveToX + ',screenY=3D' + moveToY=0A=
=0A=
    allOptions =3D allOptions + wLeftTopCornerOptions=0A=
=0A=
    w =3D window.open (link, windowname, allOptions)=0A=
    w.focus()=0A=
=0A=
    link.target=3Dwindowname=0A=
=0A=
    return false;=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
//=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=0A=
function focuswin(windowname)=0A=
{=0A=
    windowname =3D String(windowname).replace(/-/g, "_")=0A=
    w =3D =
window.open("",windowname,"menubar=3Dyes,scrollbars=3Dyes,toolbar=3Dyes,l=
ocation=3Dyes,status=3Dyes,directories=3Dyes,resizable=3Dyes");=0A=
    w.focus();=0A=
=0A=
    return true;=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
//=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=0A=
function reverseString (inStr)=0A=
{=0A=
    var outStr =3D ''=0A=
=0A=
    for (i =3D0; i <=3D inStr.length; i++)=0A=
    {=0A=
	outStr =3D inStr.charAt(i) + outStr=0A=
    }=0A=
=0A=
    return outStr=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
//=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=0A=
function reverseAndReplaceString (inStr, findStr, newStr)=0A=
{=0A=
    return reverseString(inStr).replace(findStr, newStr)=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
//=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=0A=
function initUnObscureEmail (className, innerHTML)=0A=
{=0A=
=0A=
    try{=0A=
        if (window.addEventListener)=0A=
            window.addEventListener('load', function() {unObscureEmail =
(className, innerHTML)}, false)=0A=
        else if (window.attachEvent)=0A=
            window.attachEvent('onload', function() {unObscureEmail =
(className, innerHTML)})=0A=
    }catch(e){=0A=
    }=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
//=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=0A=
function unObscureEmail (className, innerHTML)=0A=
{=0A=
    try {=0A=
        if (typeof(unObscuredEmails) =3D=3D 'undefined')=0A=
            unObscuredEmails =3D new Array()=0A=
=0A=
        if (! unObscuredEmails[className])=0A=
        {=0A=
=0A=
            var elmnts =3D document.getElementsByTagName("span")=0A=
            for (var i =3D 0, len =3D elmnts.length; i < len; i++)=0A=
            {=0A=
                if (elmnts.item(i).className.indexOf(className, " ") =
!=3D -1)=0A=
                {=0A=
                    elmnts.item(i).innerHTML     =3D innerHTML;=0A=
                    unObscuredEmails[className]  =3D true=0A=
=0A=
                }=0A=
            }=0A=
        }=0A=
    }=0A=
    catch(e){=0A=
    }=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
//=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=0A=
function pubMedDbLinkSubmit(control) {=0A=
    try{=0A=
        if (control.pubmedOption)=0A=
            control =3D control.pubmedOption=0A=
        if (control.options)=0A=
            location.href =3D =
control.options[control.options.selectedIndex].value;=0A=
    }=0A=
    catch(e){}=0A=
    return false;=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
//=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=0A=
// elements "a", "area" with "ref" attribute report to redirect utility =
before dereferencing link=0A=
//=0A=
function initRedirectClicks(report_url) {=0A=
=0A=
    if (report_url && typeof jQuery !=3D 'undefined')=0A=
        jQuery(document).click(function(e) {=0A=
=0A=
            //=0A=
            if (!e) return true;=0A=
            //=0A=
            if (e.shiftKey || e.altKey || e.ctrlKey) return true;=0A=
            //=0A=
            var target =3D jQuery(e.target).closest("a[ref], area[ref]");=0A=
            if (!target || target.length =3D=3D 0) return true;=0A=
            //=0A=
            var ref  =3D target.attr("ref");=0A=
            var href =3D target.attr("href")=0A=
=0A=
            // special processing of href element for pubmed's authors=0A=
            if (typeof (href) !=3D 'undefined' && =
href.indexOf('sites/entrez') && href.indexOf('%5Bauth%5D'))=0A=
            {=0A=
                var newHref =3D replacePubMedUnsupportedChars(href);=0A=
                if (newHref !=3D href)=0A=
                    target.attr("href", newHref)=0A=
            }=0A=
=0A=
            // append ref with value of href if 'redirect-to-url' is =
missing in ref.=0A=
            if (typeof (ref) !=3D 'undefined' && =
ref.indexOf('redirect-to-url') =3D=3D -1)=0A=
            {=0A=
                ref =3D ref + '&redirect-to-url=3D' + =
encodeURIComponent(href)=0A=
                //=0A=
                jQuery.ajax({=0A=
                   type:    "HEAD",=0A=
                   url:     report_url + '?' + ref,=0A=
                   timeout: 1000,=0A=
                   async:   false=0A=
                });=0A=
            }=0A=
=0A=
            return true;=0A=
        });=0A=
};=0A=
=0A=
// function to replace unsupported charachters in author names to be =
searchable in PubMed database.=0A=
function replacePubMedUnsupportedChars (str)=0A=
{=0A=
    // replace low 128 chars automatically=0A=
    str =3D str.replace(/%26%23(x000[0-7][0-9a-f])%3b/ig,=0A=
        function($0, $1){=0A=
            return (String.fromCharCode('0' + $1))=0A=
        }=0A=
    )=0A=
    // replace others based on map and if it is not in the map replace =
with empty string.=0A=
    str =3D =
str.replace(/%26%23(x[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f])%3b/ig,=0A=
        function($0, $1){=0A=
            return (pubmedUnsupportedCharMap[$1] ? =
pubmedUnsupportedCharMap[$1] : '')=0A=
        }=0A=
    )=0A=
    return str;=0A=
}=0A=
//=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=0A=
// Based on script written by Dean Edwards, 2005=0A=
// http://dean.edwards.name/=0A=
=0A=
var pmc_script =3D {=0A=
	addEvent: function(element, type, handler) {=0A=
		// assign each event handler a unique ID=0A=
		if (!handler.$$guid) handler.$$guid =3D this.addEvent_guid++;=0A=
		// create a hash table of event types for the element=0A=
		if (!element.events) element.events =3D {};=0A=
		// create a hash table of event handlers for each element/event pair=0A=
		var handlers =3D element.events[type];=0A=
		if (!handlers) {=0A=
			handlers =3D element.events[type] =3D {};=0A=
			// store the existing event handler (if there is one)=0A=
			if (element["on" + type]) {=0A=
				handlers[0] =3D element["on" + type];=0A=
			}=0A=
		}=0A=
		// store the event handler in the hash table=0A=
		handlers[handler.$$guid] =3D handler;=0A=
		// assign a global event handler to do all the work=0A=
		element["on" + type] =3D handleEvent;=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
		function handleEvent(event) {=0A=
			var returnValue =3D true;=0A=
			// grab the event object (IE uses a global event object)=0A=
			event =3D event || fixEvent(window.event);=0A=
			// get a reference to the hash table of event handlers=0A=
			var handlers =3D this.events[event.type];=0A=
			// execute each event handler=0A=
			for (var i in handlers) {=0A=
				this.$$handleEvent =3D handlers[i];=0A=
				if (this.$$handleEvent(event) =3D=3D=3D false) {=0A=
					returnValue =3D false;=0A=
				}=0A=
			}=0A=
			return returnValue;=0A=
		};=0A=
=0A=
		function fixEvent(event) {=0A=
			// add W3C standard event methods=0A=
			event.preventDefault =3D fixEvent.preventDefault;=0A=
			event.stopPropagation =3D fixEvent.stopPropagation;=0A=
			return event;=0A=
		};=0A=
=0A=
		fixEvent.preventDefault =3D function() {=0A=
			this.returnValue =3D false;=0A=
		};=0A=
=0A=
		fixEvent.stopPropagation =3D function() {=0A=
			this.cancelBubble =3D true;=0A=
		};=0A=
	},=0A=
=0A=
	// a counter used to create unique IDs=0A=
	addEvent_guid: 1,=0A=
=0A=
	removeEvent: function(element, type, handler) {=0A=
		// delete the event handler from the hash table=0A=
		if (element.events && element.events[type]) {=0A=
			delete element.events[type][handler.$$guid];=0A=
		}=0A=
	}=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
// =
*************************************************************************=
***=0A=
//  implementation of figure's popup using jQuery and =
jQuery.fn.hoverIntent lib=0A=
//  it set appropriate handlers for all "a" elements with "figpopup" =
class name.=0A=
// =
*************************************************************************=
***=0A=
if (typeof jQuery !=3D 'undefined' && typeof jQuery.fn.hoverIntent !=3D =
'undefined') {=0A=
    (function($j) {=0A=
        // =
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D  hoverHandlers =
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=0A=
        var hoverHandlers =3D function  (opts) {=0A=
            this.config =3D {}=0A=
            this.self =3D this;=0A=
            this.__init(opts)=0A=
        }=0A=
=0A=
         $j.fn.extend(hoverHandlers.prototype,  {=0A=
                //=0A=
                __init: function(opts) {=0A=
                    $j.fn.extend(this.config, opts)=0A=
                },=0A=
                //=0A=
                over: function (el) {=0A=
                    var canvas =3D $j('.large-thumb-canvas', el)=0A=
                    var prnt =3D  canvas.parent();=0A=
                    var win =3D $j(window)=0A=
=0A=
                    //=0A=
                    if (canvas && prnt && win)=0A=
                    {=0A=
=0A=
                        // collect necessary coordinates from all =
intresting objects=0A=
                        canvas.coords =3D this._x_coords(canvas, =
'canvas')=0A=
                        prnt.coords   =3D this._x_coords(prnt,   =
'parent')=0A=
                        win.coords    =3D this._x_coords(win,    =
'window')=0A=
=0A=
                        // replace @src with value of @hires, because =
href hold high resolution image and src low one.=0A=
                        $j('img', canvas).attr('src',=0A=
                                function(){=0A=
                                    var hires =3D $j(this).attr("hires");=0A=
                                    return (typeof (hires) !=3D =
'undefined' && hires !=3D this.src)=0A=
                                            ? hires : this.src=0A=
                                }=0A=
                        )=0A=
=0A=
                        // make arrangement of canvas in the view port =
nearby parent element.=0A=
                        var cnvsRltvToPrnt =3D =
this._x_arrange_canvas(canvas.coords, prnt.coords, win.coords)=0A=
=0A=
                        // visualize the canvas with images.=0A=
                        canvas.css('top', cnvsRltvToPrnt.top + 'px')=0A=
                        canvas.css('left', cnvsRltvToPrnt.left + 'px')=0A=
                        canvas.css('display', 'block')=0A=
                    } // canvas=0A=
                }, // over=0A=
                //=0A=
                out: function (el) {=0A=
                    var canvas =3D $j('.large-thumb-canvas', el)=0A=
                    canvas.css('display', 'none')=0A=
                },=0A=
                //=0A=
                _x_offset:                     function(el, elname) {=0A=
                    var c =3D {}=0A=
                    if (el[0] =3D=3D window )=0A=
                        c =3D this._x_scroll(el, elname)=0A=
                    else=0A=
                        c =3D el.offset()=0A=
                    //console.info('%s.offset {top,left} =3D {%s, %s}', =
elname, c.top, c.left)=0A=
                    return c=0A=
                },=0A=
                _x_scroll:                     function(el, elname) {=0A=
                    var c =3D {top: el.scrollTop(), left: =
el.scrollLeft()}=0A=
                    //console.info('%s.scroll {top,left} =3D {%s, %s}', =
elname, c.top, c.left)=0A=
                    return c=0A=
                },=0A=
                _x_width:                     function(el, elname) {=0A=
                    var w =3D el.outerWidth() || el.width()=0A=
                    //console.info('%s.width      =3D %s; outerWidth =3D =
%s; width =3D %s', elname, w, el.outerWidth(), el.width())=0A=
                    //IE: alert(elname + '.width      =3D ' + w + '; =
outerWidth =3D ' + el.outerWidth() + 'width =3D ' + el.width())=0A=
                    return w=0A=
                },=0A=
                _x_height:                     function(el, elname) {=0A=
                    var h =3D el.outerHeight() || el.height()=0A=
                    // console.info('%s.height =3D %s', elname, h)=0A=
                    return h=0A=
                },=0A=
                _x_coords:                    function(el, elname) {=0A=
                    var size =3D { width: this._x_width (el, elname), =
height:  this._x_height(el, elname)}=0A=
                    var coords =3D {=0A=
                            scroll:  this._x_scroll(el, elname),=0A=
                            width:   size.width,=0A=
                            height:  size.height,=0A=
                            offset:  this._x_offset(el, elname),=0A=
                            size:    size=0A=
                        }=0A=
                    return coords=0A=
                },=0A=
                _x_get_rltv_coord:            function(trgtObj, baseObj, =
label) {=0A=
                    var c =3D {top: trgtObj.top - baseObj.top, left: =
trgtObj.left - baseObj.left}=0A=
                    //console.info("%s {top: %s, left: %s}", label, =
c.top, c.left)=0A=
                    return c=0A=
                },=0A=
                //=0A=
                _x_get_empty_space:            function(objCoords, =
objSize, viewPortCoords, viewPortSize, label) {=0A=
                    var objRelToViewPort =3D =
this._x_get_rltv_coord(objCoords, viewPortCoords, '_x_get_empty_space: =
for ' + label);=0A=
                    var c =3D {above: objRelToViewPort.top,=0A=
                             below: viewPortSize.height - =
(objRelToViewPort.top + objSize.height),=0A=
                             left: objRelToViewPort.left,=0A=
                             right: viewPortSize.width - =
(objRelToViewPort.left + objSize.width)}=0A=
                    $j.each(c, function(k, v){c[k] =3D (v < 0 ? 0 : v)})=0A=
                    //console.info("%s {above: %s, below: %s, left: %s, =
right: %s}", label, c.above, c.below, c.left, c.right)=0A=
                    return c=0A=
                },=0A=
                //=0A=
                _x_get_bigest_space_area_name: function(spaces, label) {=0A=
                    var sArr =3D [];=0A=
                    for (k in spaces){ sArr[sArr.length] =3D {k: k, v: =
spaces[k]} }=0A=
                    // sort in reverse order=0A=
                    sArr.sort (function(a,b){return ( a.v < b.v ? 1 : ( =
a.v > b.v ?  - 1 : 0 ) )})=0A=
                    // console.info('%s: %s', label, sArr[0].k)=0A=
                    return sArr[0].k=0A=
                },=0A=
                //=0A=
                _x_get_space_ratios:             function(spaces, =
viewPortSize, label) {=0A=
                    var ratios =3D {above: 0, left: 0}=0A=
                    if (viewPortSize.height > 0)=0A=
                        ratios.above =3D spaces.above / =
viewPortSize.height=0A=
                    if (viewPortSize.width > 0)=0A=
                        ratios.left =3D spaces.left / viewPortSize.width=0A=
                    // console.info('ratio: %s {above: %s, left: %s}', =
label, ratios.above, ratios.left)=0A=
                    return ratios=0A=
                },=0A=
                _x_arrange_canvas:                function(c_c, prnt_c, =
viewp_c) {=0A=
                // then calculate empty space areas around parent =
element of the canvas, which is ususally an anchor ("a" element)=0A=
                    var emptySpacesArndPrntInViewPort =3D =
this._x_get_empty_space (prnt_c.offset, prnt_c.size, viewp_c.offset, =
viewp_c.size, 'emptySpacesArndPrntInWinPort')=0A=
=0A=
                    // get the area name, where the most linear space =
avaiable=0A=
                    var areaName =3D =
this._x_get_bigest_space_area_name(emptySpacesArndPrntInViewPort, =
viewp_c.size, 'spacios areaName')=0A=
=0A=
                    // calculate the proportions of area to be taken by =
canvas in empty space area=0A=
                    // relativly to the parent element.=0A=
                    var ratios =3D =
this._x_get_space_ratios(emptySpacesArndPrntInViewPort, viewp_c.size, =
'ratios')=0A=
=0A=
                    // calculate parent's coordinates relative to view =
port=0A=
                    var prntRltvToViewPort =3D =
this._x_get_rltv_coord(prnt_c.offset, viewp_c.offset, =
'prntRltvToViewPort')=0A=
=0A=
                    // declare canvas relative coordinates=0A=
                    var cnvsRltvToPrnt =3D {top: 0, left: 0}=0A=
=0A=
                    // choose appropriate location for placing canvas.=0A=
                    // and choose the 1st element of an array as the one =
with the biggest area around parent of canvas.=0A=
                    // console.info ('place it at the %s', =
bigestEmptySpaceAreaName)=0A=
                    // calculations are relative to the left corner of =
the parent element of canvas. (it has to have the css property =
position:relative)=0A=
                    switch (areaName)=0A=
                    {=0A=
                        case 'above':=0A=
                            cnvsRltvToPrnt.top  =3D - c_c.height=0A=
                            cnvsRltvToPrnt.left =3D prnt_c.width * 0.5 - =
c_c.width * ratios.left=0A=
                        break;=0A=
                        case 'below':=0A=
                            cnvsRltvToPrnt.top  =3D prnt_c.height=0A=
                            cnvsRltvToPrnt.left =3D prnt_c.width * 0.5 - =
c_c.width * ratios.left=0A=
                        break;=0A=
                        case 'left':=0A=
                            cnvsRltvToPrnt.left =3D - c_c.width=0A=
                            cnvsRltvToPrnt.top  =3D prnt_c.height * 0.5 =
- c_c.height * ratios.above=0A=
                        break;=0A=
                        case 'right':=0A=
                            cnvsRltvToPrnt.left =3D prnt_c.width=0A=
                            cnvsRltvToPrnt.top  =3D prnt_c.height * 0.5 =
- c_c.height * ratios.above=0A=
                        break;=0A=
                    }=0A=
=0A=
                    // recalculate canvas' coordinates relative to =
parent into coordinates relative to view port.=0A=
                    var cnvsRltvToViewPort =3D {=0A=
                        top:  prntRltvToViewPort.top + =
cnvsRltvToPrnt.top,=0A=
                        left: prntRltvToViewPort.left + =
cnvsRltvToPrnt.left=0A=
                    }=0A=
                    //console.info("cnvsRltvToPrnt {top:%s, left: %s}", =
cnvsRltvToPrnt.top, cnvsRltvToPrnt.left)=0A=
                    //console.info("cnvsRltvToViewPort {top:%s, left: =
%s}", cnvsRltvToViewPort.top, cnvsRltvToViewPort.left)=0A=
=0A=
                    // adjust relative position of canvas to the window =
if calculated values=0A=
                    // are forcing canvas go out of view port=0A=
                    // next order should be preserved to keep left top =
corner visible always=0A=
=0A=
                    // adjust right side and move a bit to the left=0A=
                    if (cnvsRltvToViewPort.left + c_c.width > =
viewp_c.width)=0A=
                    {=0A=
                         var horAdj =3D c_c.width - (viewp_c.width - =
cnvsRltvToViewPort.left)=0A=
                         cnvsRltvToPrnt.left     -=3D horAdj=0A=
                         cnvsRltvToViewPort.left -=3D horAdj=0A=
                         //console.log('adjust right side and move to =
the left %spx', horizontalAdjustment)=0A=
                    }=0A=
=0A=
                    // adjust below side and move to the top=0A=
                    if (cnvsRltvToViewPort.top + c_c.height > =
viewp_c.height)=0A=
                    {=0A=
                        var vertAdj =3D c_c.height - (viewp_c.height - =
cnvsRltvToViewPort.top)=0A=
                        cnvsRltvToPrnt.top     -=3D vertAdj=0A=
                        cnvsRltvToViewPort.top -=3D vertAdj=0A=
                        // console.log('adjust below side and move to =
the top %spx', verticalAdjustment)=0A=
                    }=0A=
=0A=
                    // adjust left side and move to the right=0A=
                    if (cnvsRltvToViewPort.left < 0)=0A=
                    {=0A=
                        // console.log('adjust left side and move to the =
right %spx', -(cnvsLeftRelativeToWindowPort))=0A=
                        cnvsRltvToPrnt.left    -=3D =
cnvsRltvToViewPort.left=0A=
                        cnvsRltvToViewPort.left =3D 0=0A=
                    }=0A=
                    // adjust above side and move to the bottom=0A=
                    if (cnvsRltvToViewPort.top < 0)=0A=
                    {=0A=
                        // console.log('adjust above side and move to =
the bottom %spx', -(cnvsTopRelativeToWindowPort))=0A=
                        cnvsRltvToPrnt.top          -=3D =
cnvsRltvToViewPort.top=0A=
                        cnvsRltvToViewPort.top =3D 0=0A=
                    }=0A=
                    // console.info("cnvsRltvToPrnt adjusted {top: %s, =
left: %s}", cnvsRltvToPrnt.top, cnvsRltvToPrnt.left)=0A=
                    // console.info("cnvsRltvToViewPort adjusted {top: =
%s, left: %s}", cnvsRltvToViewPort.top, cnvsRltvToViewPort.left)=0A=
                    return cnvsRltvToPrnt=0A=
                }=0A=
        })=0A=
         // =
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D  end of hoverHandlers =
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
         // =
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D  $j.fn.figPopup =
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=0A=
        function  hoverOverHandler  () {=0A=
            var h =3D new hoverHandlers();=0A=
            h.over(this)=0A=
        }=0A=
=0A=
        function hoverOutHandler () {=0A=
            var h =3D new hoverHandlers();=0A=
            h.out(this)=0A=
        }=0A=
=0A=
        $j.fn.figPopup =3D function(opts){=0A=
            var config =3D {=0A=
                interval:      500,=0A=
                timeout:       0,=0A=
                over:          hoverOverHandler, // handler onMouseOver=0A=
                out:           hoverOutHandler    // handler  onMouseOut=0A=
            }=0A=
            $j.extend(config, opts)=0A=
            return  config=0A=
        }=0A=
=0A=
        // =
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D  end of $j.fn.figPopup =
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=0A=
=0A=
    }) (jQuery) // end of extention of jQuery with figPopup=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
    jQuery(document).ready( function () {=0A=
        var fp_cfg =3D new jQuery.fn.figPopup()=0A=
        jQuery('a.figpopup').hoverIntent(fp_cfg)=0A=
    });=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
// end of hoverIntent routines for figures' popups=0A=
// =
*************************************************************************=
***=0A=
//  implementation of ....=0A=
// =
*************************************************************************=
***=0A=

------=_NextPart_000_0000_01CB1950.A50CAAE0
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Content-Location: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/pmc/js/noext.menu.js

if (typeof(noext) =3D=3D=3D 'undefined') {
   noext =3D {};=20
}

if (typeof jQuery =3D=3D=3D 'undefined') {
    throw new Error('noext.Menu: jQuery must be present');
}

// Constructor
noext.Menu =3D function (n, subMenuStyle) {
    this.n =3D n;
    this.subMenuStyle =3D (subMenuStyle =3D=3D=3D 'ext') ? 'opened-ext' =
: 'opened';
    this.firstLi =3D this.n.children('li');
    this.subMenu =3D this.firstLi.find('ul');
    this.subMenuItems =3D this.subMenu.find('li');
    this.init();
    noext.Menu.menuInstances.push(this);
};
noext.Menu.menuInstances =3D [];

noext.Menu.prototype =3D {
    init: function () { // add events to what we need
        var that =3D this;
        this.subMenuItems.mouseover( this.hover); // do mouseovers for =
ie6
        this.subMenuItems.mouseout( this.unHover);
        this.n.click( function (event) { that.update(event);}); // =
update the menu
       =20
        jQuery(document).click( function (event) { =
that.closeAllSubMenus(event); }); // close other menus when we click one
    },
    update: function (e) {
            var t =3D jQuery(e.target);         =20
            // don't follow link if first item, whose target is '<u>'
            if (t.hasClass('first-link') ) {
                e.preventDefault();
            }

            var sm =3D this.subMenu;
            // close other menus
            this.closeOtherSubMenus(sm);
      =20
            var subMenuStyle =3D this.subMenuStyle;
           =20
            if ( !sm.hasClass(subMenuStyle)) {
                sm.addClass(subMenuStyle);
            } else {
                sm.removeClass(subMenuStyle);
            }
            e.stopPropagation(); // don't let default event occur =
(removeMenus from document.click)

           =20

    },
    hover: function () {
        jQuery(this).addClass('active-item');

    },
    unHover: function () {
        jQuery(this).removeClass('active-item');

    },
    closeOtherSubMenus: function (currentSubMenu) {
        // close all menu's submenus, that are different than currently =
clicked menu's submenu
        var subMenuStyle =3D this.subMenuStyle;
        currentSubMenu =3D this.subMenu;
        var menuInstances =3D noext.Menu.menuInstances;
        for (var i =3D 0; i < menuInstances.length; i++) {
            var menuInstance =3D menuInstances[i];
    =20
            if (currentSubMenu !=3D=3D menuInstance.subMenu && =
menuInstance.subMenu.hasClass(subMenuStyle)) {
                menuInstance.subMenu.removeClass(subMenuStyle);
            }=20
        }
    },
    closeAllSubMenus: function (event) {
        // for when user clicks on document
        var menuInstances =3D noext.Menu.menuInstances;
        for (var i =3D 0; i < menuInstances.length; i++) {
            var subMenu =3D this.subMenu;
            subMenu.removeClass(this.subMenuStyle);
        }
    }
};
// end of menu objecta


jQuery(document).ready( function () {
    jQuery('ul.noext-menu').removeClass('noext-menu-hidden').each( =
function () {
        noext.Menu.menuInstances.push( new noext.Menu( jQuery(this) ) );
    });
});
------=_NextPart_000_0000_01CB1950.A50CAAE0
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Content-Location: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/portal/js/portal.js

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1){a=3DsStr.split("&");}else{a=3DsStr.split("&amp;");}}=0A=
for(var i=3D0;i<a.length;i++){var =
b=3Da[i].split("=3D");if(b[0]=3D=3D"")continue;if(b[1]=3D=3D""){res[b[0]]=
=3Dtrue;}else{res[b[0]]=3Dunescape(b[1]);}}=0A=
return =
res;},Dump:function(oObj,iDepth){if(iDepth=3D=3Dnull)iDepth=3D1;var =
s=3D'';if(typeof(oObj)=3D=3D"object"){s+=3Dtypeof(oObj)+" {\n";for(var k =
in oObj){for(var i=3D0;i<iDepth;i++)s+=3D"  ";s+=3Dk+": =
"+this.Dump(oObj[k],iDepth+1);}=0A=
for(var i=3D0;i<iDepth-1;i++)s+=3D"  =
";s+=3D"}\n"}else{s+=3D""+oObj+"\n";}=0A=
return s;},jsLoader:{load:function(aScripts){var =
oS=3Ddocument.getElementsByTagName("script");for(var =
j=3D0;j<oS.length;j++){if(oS[j].src=3D=3D"")continue;this.oLoaded.push(oS=
[j].src);}=0A=
var =
sHost=3Ddocument.location.protocol+"/"+"/"+document.location.host;var =
sPath=3Ddocument.location.pathname;sPath=3DsPath.substring(0,sPath.lastIn=
dexOf("/"))+"/";var =
oHead=3Ddocument.getElementsByTagName("head")[0];for(var =
i=3D0;i<aScripts.length;i++){var =
sNewSrc=3Dthis.sBase+aScripts[i];if(sNewSrc.indexOf(":/"+"/")=3D=3D-1){if=
(sNewSrc.indexOf("/")=3D=3D0){sNewSrc=3DsHost+sNewSrc;}else{sNewSrc=3DsHo=
st+sPath+sNewSrc;}}=0A=
var oS=3Ddocument.getElementsByTagName("script");var b=3Dtrue;for(var =
j=3D0;j<this.oLoaded.length;j++){if(sNewSrc=3D=3Dthis.oLoaded[j]){b=3Dfal=
se;}}=0A=
if(b){document.write("<script src=3D'"+sNewSrc+"' =
type=3D'text/javascript'></script>");this.oLoaded.push(sNewSrc);}}},sBase=
:"",oLoaded:[]},insertInHtml:function(text,obj){if(document.all){obj.inne=
rHTML+=3Dtext;}else{var =
range=3Ddocument.createRange();range.setStartAfter(obj);var =
docFrag=3Drange.createContextualFragment(text);obj.appendChild(docFrag);}=
},replaceInHtml:function(text,obj){if(document.all){obj.innerHTML=3Dtext;=
}else{while(obj.hasChildNodes())obj.removeChild(obj.firstChild);var =
range=3Ddocument.createRange();range.setStartAfter(obj);var =
docFrag=3Drange.createContextualFragment(text);obj.appendChild(docFrag);}=
},drawText:function(sText,sId,add){if(!sId)sId=3D"debug";var =
obj=3Ddocument.getElementById(sId);if(obj){if(add)=0A=
obj.innerHTML=3D"<br/>"+sText;else=0A=
obj.innerHTML+=3DsText;}},createNewId:function(){var =
newid=3Dnull;while(!newid||document.getElementById(newid)){newid=3D"XID"+=
Math.round(Math.random()*65536).toString(16);}=0A=
return newid;}};String.prototype.trimSpaces=3Dfunction(trimMode){var =
targetString=3Dthis;var =
iPos=3D0;if(!trimMode)trimMode=3D0;if(trimMode=3D=3D0||trimMode=3D=3D1){i=
f(targetString.charAt(iPos)=3D=3D" =
"){while(targetString.charAt(iPos)=3D=3D" =
")iPos++;targetString=3DtargetString.substr(iPos);}}=0A=
iPos=3DtargetString.length-1;if(trimMode=3D=3D0||trimMode=3D=3D2){if(targ=
etString.charAt(iPos)=3D=3D" "){while(targetString.charAt(iPos)=3D=3D" =
")iPos--;targetString=3DtargetString.substr(0,iPos+1);}}=0A=
return targetString;}=0A=
function $(){var elements=3Dnew Array();for(var =
i=3D0;i<arguments.length;i++){var element=3Darguments[i];if(typeof =
element=3D=3D'string')=0A=
element=3Ddocument.getElementById(element);if(arguments.length=3D=3D1)=0A=
return element;elements.push(element);}=0A=
return elements;}=0A=
function $C(attrValue,attrName,node,tag){if("*"=3D=3DattrValue){return =
$AN(attrName,node,tag);}=0A=
var oElements=3Dnew =
Array();if(!node)node=3Ddocument;if(!tag)tag=3D'*';if(!attrName)attrName=3D=
'class';var els=3Dnode.getElementsByTagName(tag);var =
elsLen=3Dels.length;var pattern=3Dnew =
RegExp("(^|\\s)"+attrValue+"(\\s|$)");var =
j=3D0;for(i=3D0;i<elsLen;i++){if(attrName=3D=3D"class"&&pattern.test(els[=
i].className)){oElements[j++]=3Dels[i];}else =
if(pattern.test(els[i].getAttribute(attrName))){oElements[j++]=3Dels[i];}=
}=0A=
return oElements;}=0A=
function $AN(attrName,node,tag){var oElements=3Dnew =
Array();if(node=3D=3Dnull)node=3Ddocument;if(tag=3D=3Dnull)tag=3D'*';var =
els=3Dnode.getElementsByTagName(tag);for(i=3D0;i<els.length;i++){if(els[i=
].getAttribute(attrName)>""){oElements[oElements.length]=3Dels[i];}}=0A=
return oElements;}=0A=
function $N(name,node){var =
oElements=3D[];if(node=3D=3Dnull)node=3Ddocument;var =
els=3Dnode.getElementsByName(name);for(i=3D0;i<els.length;i++){oElements[=
oElements.length]=3Dels[i];}=0A=
return oElements;}=0A=
debug=3Dfunction(){};debug.prototype=3D{constructor:function(){},enable:f=
unction(){},disable:function(){}};function Notifier(){this.oQuee=3D{};}=0A=
Notifier.prototype.setListener=3Dfunction(oListener,sMessage,fFunction,oN=
otifier){function =
x_setListener(oListener,sMessage,fFunction,oNotifier){for(var j in =
oThis.oQuee[sMessage]){if(oThis.oQuee[sMessage][j]=3D=3D=3DoListener){ret=
urn false;}}=0A=
if(!oThis.oQuee[sMessage]){oThis.oQuee[sMessage]=3D[];}=0A=
j=3DoThis.oQuee[sMessage].length;oThis.oQuee[sMessage][j++]=3D({obj:oList=
ener,fun:fFunction,ntf:oNotifier});return true;}=0A=
var oThis=3Dthis;if(utils.isArray(oListener)){for(var i in =
oListener){x_setListener(oListener[i],sMessage,fFunction,oNotifier);}}els=
e{return =
x_setListener(oListener,sMessage,fFunction,oNotifier);}};Notifier.prototy=
pe.Notify=3Dfunction(oNotifier,sMessage,oComment,oListener){var =
sAnyMessage=3D"*";for(var i in =
this.oQuee[sAnyMessage]){if(null=3D=3DoListener||this.oQuee[sAnyMessage][=
i].obj=3D=3DoListener){if(this.oQuee[sAnyMessage][i].ntf=3D=3Dnull||this.=
oQuee[sAnyMessage][i].ntf=3D=3D=3DoNotifier){if("function"=3D=3Dtypeof =
this.oQuee[sAnyMessage][i].fun){var =
fun=3Dthis.oQuee[sAnyMessage][i].fun;fun(this.oQuee[sAnyMessage][i].obj,o=
Comment,sMessage,oNotifier);}}}}=0A=
for(i in =
this.oQuee[sMessage]){if(null=3D=3DoListener||this.oQuee[sMessage][i].obj=
=3D=3DoListener){if(this.oQuee[sMessage][i].ntf=3D=3Dnull||this.oQuee[sMe=
ssage][i].ntf=3D=3D=3DoNotifier){if("function"=3D=3Dtypeof =
this.oQuee[sMessage][i].fun){if(this.oQuee[sMessage][i].fun(this.oQuee[sM=
essage][i].obj,oComment,sMessage,oNotifier)){return;}}}}}};Notifier.getIn=
stance=3Dfunction(){if(!Notifier.instance){Notifier.instance=3Dnew =
Notifier();}=0A=
return =
Notifier.instance;};Dispatcher=3DBase.extend({constructor:function(oRules=
,oHierarchy){this.init();},init:function(){this.oNotifier=3Dnew =
Notifier();this.submitOK=3Dtrue;this.submitter=3Dfalse;this.submitRequest=
ed=3Dfalse;this.submitChecking=3Dfalse;this._rules=3D{};},initDataExchang=
e:function(oRules){var oThis=3Dthis;var activenames=3DActiveNames;var =
i,j;var =
rulehash=3D{};activenames=3DActiveNames;this.submitOK=3Dtrue;this.submitR=
equested=3Dfalse;this.submitter=3Dnull;this.oRules=3DoRules;for(i=3D0;i<o=
Rules.length;i++){var =
name=3DoRules[i].ename;rulehash[name]=3D(rulehash[name]||[]);rulehash[nam=
e][rulehash[name].length]=3DoRules[i];}=0A=
var =
links=3Ddocument.links;for(i=3D0;i<links.length;i++){initializeControl(li=
nks[i]);}=0A=
for(name in ActiveNames){var ctrl;var =
elems=3Ddocument.getElementsByName(name);for(i=3D0;i<elems.length;i++){in=
itializeControl(elems[i]);}}=0A=
for(var fname in =
this.dataExchangeFunctions){this.setListener(this,fname,this.dataExchange=
Functions[fname],null);}=0A=
function initializeControl(domCtrl){var thisName=3DdomCtrl.name;var =
j,oRule;if(!(thisName&&typeof =
activenames[thisName]!=3D=3D'undefined')){return;}=0A=
try{var =
sActionEvent=3DoThis.actionEventName(domCtrl);if(sActionEvent>""){if(rule=
hash[thisName]){oThis.addRule(oThis,sActionEvent,thisName,oThis.doDataExc=
hange,rulehash[thisName]);}=0A=
if(activenames[thisName]){oThis.addRule(oThis,sActionEvent,thisName,oThis=
.doSubmitAttribute,null);}=0A=
oThis.listenForEvents(domCtrl,sActionEvent);}}finally{}};},addRule:functi=
on(oThis,sEvent,sName,fFunc,oArg){var rules=3Dthis._rules;var =
ename=3DsName+"$"+sEvent;var =
i;if(typeof(rules[ename])!=3D'undefined'){for(i=3D0;i<rules[ename].length=
;i++){if(rules[ename][i].func=3D=3DfFunc){return;}}}else{rules[ename]=3D[=
];}=0A=
rules[ename][rules[ename].length]=3D{'thisptr':oThis,'func':fFunc,'arg':o=
Arg};},getRulesFor:function(sName,sEvent){return =
this._rules[sName+"$"+sEvent];},listenForEvents:function(domCtrl,sEventNa=
me){domCtrl._i_=3D(domCtrl._i_||[]);if(!domCtrl._i_[sEventName]){domCtrl.=
_i_[sEventName]=3D1;utils.addEvent(domCtrl,sEventName,this.handleAction);=
}},doDataExchange:function(eEvent,domTarget,oArg){var =
d=3DDispatcher.getInstance();var rules=3DoArg;if(!rules){return;}=0A=
for(var =
k=3D0;k<rules.length;k++){d.notify(domTarget,rules[k].m,rules[k]);}},doSu=
bmitAttribute:function(eEvent,domTarget,oArg){eEvent.preventDefault();eEv=
ent.stopPropagation();console&&console.info("Submitting request because =
submit attribute set");var =
realname=3DdomTarget.getAttributeNode("realname");realname=3Drealname?rea=
lname.value:null;if(domTarget.name||realname){this.setSubmitSource(realna=
me||domTarget.name);}=0A=
if(domTarget.name=3D=3D"p$ExL"){el=3Ddocument.getElementsByName('p$el');i=
f((typeof(el)!=3D'undefined')&&(el.length>0)){el[0].value=3DdomTarget.get=
Attribute("href");}}=0A=
Dispatcher.getInstance().requestSubmit();},handleAction:function(e){var =
d=3DDispatcher.getInstance();var t=3Dthis;var =
i;if(t.tagName&&t.tagName.toLowerCase()=3D=3D'a'){e.preventDefault();e.st=
opPropagation();}=0A=
var =
realname=3Dthis.getAttributeNode("realname");realname=3Drealname?realname=
.value:null;if(this.name||realname){d.setSubmitSource(realname||this.name=
);}=0A=
d.submitCheckBegin();try{console&&console.info("Executing rule =
"+t.name+"."+e.type);var =
rules=3Dd.getRulesFor(t.name,e.type);for(i=3D0;rules&&(i<rules.length);i+=
+){var =
rule=3Drules[i];try{rule.func.call(rule.thisptr,e,t,rule.arg);}catch(err)=
{console&&console.error("Dispatcher.handleAction: rule failed: =
"+t.name+"$"+e.type+": =
"+err);}}}catch(err){console&&console.error("Error: handleAction: =
"+err);}finally{d.submitCheckEnd();}},actionEventName:function(t){var =
ttype=3D(t.getAttribute("type")||'').toLowerCase();switch(t.tagName.toLow=
erCase()){case'select':case'textarea':return'change';case'form':return'';=
case'input':if(ttype=3D=3D'text'){return'change';}}=0A=
return'click';},initHierarchy:function(oTree){if(!oTree||!oTree.name){ret=
urn;}=0A=
var =
sname=3DoTree.shortname||oTree.name.substring(1+oTree.name.lastIndexOf(".=
"));try{var =
c=3DPortal.Component.create(oTree.type,oTree.name,sname,this.oNotifier);c=
.realname=3DoTree.realname;}catch(e){console&&console.group&&console.grou=
p("Exception creating portlet =
"+oTree.name);console&&console.info("Message: =
"+e.toString());if(typeof(e)!=3D'string'){console&&console.group&&console=
.group("Details");console&&console.dir&&console.dir(e);console&&console.g=
roupEnd&&console.groupEnd();}=0A=
console&&console.group&&console.group("Trace")=0A=
console&&console.trace&&console.trace();console&&console.groupEnd&&consol=
e.groupEnd();console&&console.groupEnd&&console.groupEnd();}=0A=
if(oTree.children){for(var =
i=3D0;i<oTree.children.length;i++){this.initHierarchy(oTree.children[i]);=
}}},submit:function(){if(this.submitCheck()){if(xmlHttpCall&&xmlHttpCall.=
abortCalls){xmlHttpCall.abortCalls();}=0A=
document.forms[0]._submit();}},submitCheck:function(){var =
oThis=3Dthis;var =
thisForm=3Ddocument.forms[0];this.submitOK=3Dtrue;this.vetoWhy=3Dnull;thi=
s.notify(this,"portal$beforesubmit",{form:thisForm},null);return =
this.submitOK;},veto:function(whydata){this.submitOK=3Dfalse;this.vetoWhy=
=3Dwhydata;},isVetoed:function(){return!this.submitOK;},setSubmitSource:f=
unction(sourceName){var =
el=3Ddocument.getElementsByName('p$a');if((typeof(el)!=3D'undefined')&&(e=
l.length>0)){if(typeof(sourceName)=3D=3D'undefined'){console&&console.war=
n("Warning: Can't identify submitter: using =
p$a=3D''");}else{el[0].value=3DsourceName;}}},getSrcDst:function(oRule,oN=
otifierObj){function x_FindObj(name,sid){var oResult=3D[];var =
oControls=3D$N(name);for(var =
i=3D0;i<oControls.length;i++){if("*"=3D=3Dsid||oControls[i].getAttribute(=
"sid")=3D=3Dsid){oResult[oResult.length]=3DoControls[i];}}=0A=
return oResult;}=0A=
var oThis=3Dthis;var name=3DoRule.sname;var =
sid=3DoRule.ssid;if("#"=3D=3Dname){name=3DoRule.ename;}=0A=
if("#"=3D=3Dsid){sid=3DoRule.esid;sid=3DoNotifierObj.getAttribute("sid");=
}=0A=
var =
oSrc=3Dx_FindObj(name,sid);name=3DoRule.dname;sid=3DoRule.dsid;if("#"=3D=3D=
name){name=3DoRule.ename;}=0A=
if("#"=3D=3Dsid){sid=3DoRule.esid;sid=3DoNotifierObj.getAttribute("sid");=
}=0A=
var =
oDst=3Dx_FindObj(name,sid);return{src:oSrc,dst:oDst};},setListener:functi=
on(oListener,sMessage,fFunction,oNotifier){return =
this.oNotifier.setListener(oListener,sMessage,fFunction,oNotifier);},noti=
fy:function(oNotifier,sMessage,oComment,oListener){return =
this.oNotifier.Notify(oNotifier,sMessage,oComment,oListener);},dataExchan=
geFunctions:{CopyValue:function(oListener,oRule,sMessage,oNotifierObj){va=
r dispatcher=3DoListener;var =
oSrcDst=3Ddispatcher.getSrcDst(oRule,oNotifierObj);for(var =
j=3D0;j<oSrcDst.dst.length;j++){for(var =
i=3D0;i<oSrcDst.src.length;i++){oSrcDst.dst[j].value=3DoSrcDst.src[i].val=
ue;}}},AddValue:function(oListener,oRule,sMessage,oNotifierObj){var =
dispatcher=3DoListener;var =
oSrcDst=3Ddispatcher.getSrcDst(oRule,oNotifierObj);for(var =
j=3D0;j<oSrcDst.dst.length;j++){for(var =
i=3D0;i<oSrcDst.src.length;i++){oSrcDst.dst[j].value+=3D(oSrcDst.dst[j].v=
alue>""?", =
":"")+oSrcDst.src[i].value;}}},SetValue:function(oListener,oRule,sMessage=
,oNotifierObj){var dispatcher=3DoListener;var =
oSrcDst=3Ddispatcher.getSrcDst(oRule,oNotifierObj);for(var =
j=3D0;j<oSrcDst.dst.length;j++){var =
dst=3DoSrcDst.dst[j];if(Dispatcher.isCheckable(dst)){dst.checked=3DoRule.=
p[0];}else{dst.value=3DoRule.p[0];}}},ItemToList:function(oListener,oRule=
,sMessage,oNotifierObj){var dispatcher=3DoListener;var =
oSrcDst=3Ddispatcher.getSrcDst(oRule,oNotifierObj);for(var =
j=3D0;j<oSrcDst.dst.length;j++){var dst=3DoSrcDst.dst[j];var =
dstval=3Ddst.value.replace(/^\s+/,"").replace(/\s+$/,"");var =
dstItems=3Ddstval.split(/\s*,\s*/).filter(function(s){return =
s!=3D=3D"";});for(var i=3D0;i<oSrcDst.src.length;i++){var =
src=3DoSrcDst.src[i];var sc=3DDispatcher.isCheckable(src);var =
checked=3D(sc?src.checked:(src.value!=3D=3D""));var =
position=3DdstItems.indexOf(src.value);if(checked&&position<0){dstItems[d=
stItems.length]=3Dsrc.value;}=0A=
if(!checked&&position>=3D0){dstItems.splice(position,1);}}=0A=
dst.value=3DdstItems.join(", =
");}},PropertyToValue:function(oListener,oRule,sMessage,oNotifierObj){var=
 dispatcher=3DoListener;var =
oSrcDst=3Ddispatcher.getSrcDst(oRule,oNotifierObj);for(var =
j=3D0;j<oSrcDst.dst.length;j++){for(var =
i=3D0;i<oSrcDst.src.length;i++){oSrcDst.dst[j].value=3DoSrcDst.src[i].get=
Attribute(oRule.p[0]);}}},PropertyToList:function(oListener,oRule,sMessag=
e,oNotifierObj){var dispatcher=3DoListener;var =
oSrcDst=3Ddispatcher.getSrcDst(oRule,oNotifierObj);for(var =
j=3D0;j<oSrcDst.dst.length;j++){var dst=3DoSrcDst.dst[j];var o=3D{};var =
values=3D[];var propname=3DoRule.p[0];for(var =
i=3D0;i<oSrcDst.src.length;i++){var src=3DoSrcDst.src[i];var =
prop=3Dsrc.getAttribute(propname);if(!prop){continue;}=0A=
var =
sc=3DDispatcher.isCheckable(src);if(sc?src.checked:(prop&&prop!=3D=3D""))=
{if(!o[prop]){values[values.length]=3Dprop;}=0A=
o[prop]=3D1;}}=0A=
dst.value=3Dvalues.join(", =
");}}},requestSubmit:function(src){console&&console.info("Request =
submitted");this.submitter=3Dsrc;this.submitRequested=3Dtrue;},submitChec=
kBegin:function(){if(this.submitChecking){throw"ERRINTERNAL: recursive =
submit check";}=0A=
this.submitChecking=3Dtrue;this.submitter=3Dnull;this.submitRequested=3Df=
alse;},submitCheckEnd:function(){if(this.submitRequested){this.submit();}=0A=
this.submitChecking=3Dfalse;this.submitter=3Dnull;this.submitRequested=3D=
false;}},{_instance:null,getInstance:function(){return =
Dispatcher._instance||(Dispatcher._instance=3Dnew =
Dispatcher());},onload:function(){var sc=3D"Create components";var =
si=3D"Initialize components";var =
d=3DDispatcher.getInstance();d.initHierarchy(objHierarchy);d.initDataExch=
ange(ObjectLinks);d.setListener(d,'portal$vetosubmit',function(dst,data,m=
essage,src){d.veto(data);},null);var =
theForm=3Ddocument.forms[0];if(theForm&&!theForm._submit){theForm._submit=
=3DtheForm.submit;theForm.submit=3Dfunction(){Dispatcher.getInstance().re=
questSubmit();};}},isCheckbox:function(node){var =
t=3Dnode.getAttribute("type");return =
t&&(t.toLowerCase()=3D=3D"checkbox");},isRadio:function(node){var =
t=3Dnode.getAttribute("type");return =
t&&(t.toLowerCase()=3D=3D"radio");},isCheckable:function(node){return =
this.isRadio(node)||this.isCheckbox(node);}});utils.addEvent(window,"load=
",Dispatcher.onload,false);Portal=3DBase.extend({constructor:function(){t=
his.init();},init:function(){}},{_instance:null,getInstance:function(){re=
turn Portal._instance||(Portal._instance=3Dnew =
Portal());},requestSubmit:function(){Dispatcher.getInstance().requestSubm=
it();},$send:function(sMessage,oData,oDst){var =
d=3DDispatcher.getInstance();d.submitCheckBegin();d.notify(null,sMessage,=
oData,oDst);d.submitCheckEnd();}});Portal.Component=3DBase.extend({constr=
uctor:function(path,name,notifier){this.init(path,name,notifier);},init:f=
unction(path,name,notifier){this.name=3Dname;this.path=3Dpath;this.notifi=
er=3Dnotifier;if(this.listen){var msg;var isEvent=3Dnew =
RegExp(/^([^<]+)<([^>]+)>/);var m;var =
d=3DDispatcher.getInstance();for(msg in =
this.listen){m=3DisEvent.exec(msg);if(m){this.addEvent(m[1],m[2],this.lis=
ten[msg],false);}else{this._listen(msg,this.listen[msg],null);}}}=0A=
if(this.send){for(msg in =
this.send){if(this.send[msg]=3D=3Dnull){this.send[msg]=3Dthis.makeSender(=
this,msg);}}}},makeSender:function(sender,msg){return =
function(obj){return =
sender._send(msg,obj,null);};},getValue:function(attr){var =
prop=3Dnull;var ix;if(typeof =
attr=3D=3D=3D"object"){prop=3Dattr.prop;attr=3Dattr.attr;}=0A=
else =
if((ix=3Dattr.indexOf(":"))>=3D0){prop=3Dattr.substring(ix+1);attr=3Dattr=
.substring(0,ix);}=0A=
var inp=3Dthis.getInputs(attr);if(!inp){return null;}=0A=
if(inp.length=3D=3D1){inp=3Dinp[0];return(prop&&prop.toLowerCase()!=3D=3D=
"value")?inp.getAttribute(prop):htmlutils.getValue(inp);}=0A=
var result=3D[];for(var =
i=3D0;i<inp.length;i++){if(prop&&prop.toLowerCase()!=3D=3D"value"){if(typ=
eof(inp[i][prop])!=3D'undefined'){result[result.length]=3Dinp[i][prop];}e=
lse{result[result.length]=3Dinp[i].getAttribute(prop);}}else{result[resul=
t.length]=3Dhtmlutils.getValue(inp[i]);}}=0A=
return result;},getList:function(attr){var ix;var =
prop=3Dnull;if((ix=3Dattr.indexOf(":"))>=3D0){prop=3Dattr.substring(ix+1)=
;attr=3Dattr.substring(0,ix);}=0A=
if(prop){throw"UNIMPLEMENTED: Component.getList: Getting list by =
property";}=0A=
var inp=3Dthis.getInputs(attr);if(!inp){return null;}=0A=
if(inp.length=3D=3D1){inp=3Dinp[0];return htmlutils.getList(inp);}=0A=
var result=3D[];for(var =
i=3D0;i<inp.length;i++){result[result.length]=3Dhtmlutils.getList(inp[i])=
;}=0A=
return result;},setValue:function(attr,value){var prop=3Dnull;var =
ix;if((ix=3Dattr.indexOf(":"))>=3D0){prop=3Dattr.substring(ix+1);attr=3Da=
ttr.substring(0,ix);}=0A=
var =
inp=3Dthis.getInputs(attr);if(inp.length=3D=3D1){inp=3Dinp[0];if(prop){if=
(typeof(inp[prop])!=3D'undefined'){inp[prop]=3Dvalue;}else{inp.setAttribu=
te(prop,value);}}else{inp.value=3Dvalue;}}else{throw"UNIMPLEMENTED: =
Cannot (yet) set vector values from =
scalar";}},getInputs:function(name){var =
inp=3Ddocument.getElementsByName(this.path+"."+name);if(!inp||inp.length=3D=
=3D=3D0){inp=3Dnull;}=0A=
return inp;},getInput:function(name){var =
inp=3Dthis.getInputs(name);return((inp&&inp.length>0)?inp[0]:null);},has:=
function(attrname){var =
inp=3Ddocument.getElementsByName(this.path+"."+attrname);return(inp&&(inp=
.length>0));},addEvent:function(inputName,eventName,f,flag){var =
inputs;var =
oThis=3Dthis;if(typeof(inputName)=3D=3D'string'){inputs=3Dthis.getInputs(=
inputName);}else =
if(utils.isArray(inputName)){inputs=3DinputName;}else{inputs=3D[inputName=
];}=0A=
if(!inputs){console&&console.warn("Can't find: "+inputName);return;}=0A=
var =
d=3DDispatcher.getInstance();for(i=3D0;i<inputs.length;i++){d.addRule(oTh=
is,eventName,inputs[i].name,f,null);d.listenForEvents(inputs[i],eventName=
);}=0A=
return;},removeEvent:function(inputName,eventName,f,flag){var =
inputs=3Dthis.getInputs(inputName);for(var =
i=3D0;inputs&&(i<inputs.length);i++){utils.removeEvent(inputs[i],eventNam=
e,f,flag);}},iListen:0,iNextListen:function(){return"L$"+this.iListen++;}=
,_listen:function(sMessage,fFunction,sSource){var oThis=3Dthis;var =
fName=3Dthis.iNextListen()+"$"+sMessage;this[fName]=3DfFunction;var =
d=3DDispatcher.getInstance();d.setListener(oThis,sMessage,function(dst,da=
ta,message,src){oThis[fName](message,data,src);},sSource);},_send:functio=
n(sMessage,oData,oDst){var =
d=3DDispatcher.getInstance();d.notify(this,sMessage,oData,oDst);},getMeta=
Data:function(){var =
result=3D{};result.listensFor=3D[];if(this.listen){for(var msg in =
this.listen){result.listensFor[result.listensFor.length]=3Dmsg;}}=0A=
result.sends=3D[];if(this.send){for(msg in =
this.send){result.sends[result.sends.length]=3Dmsg;}}=0A=
result.attributes=3D[];for(var attr in =
this.getAttributes()){result.attributes[result.attributes.length]=3Dattr;=
}=0A=
return =
result;}},{$i:{},$$i:{},create:function(type,path,cname,notifier){var =
p=3DPortal.Component.$i;var pelem=3Dpath.split(".");for(var =
i=3D0;i<pelem.length-1;i++){p=3Dp[pelem[i]];}=0A=
var =
sname=3Dpath.substring(1+path.lastIndexOf("."));if(typeof(Portal[type])=3D=
=3D'undefined'){throw("No such portlet type: "+type);}=0A=
if(typeof(Portal[type][sname])=3D=3D'undefined'){p[sname]=3Dnew =
Portal[type](path,cname,notifier);}else{try{p[sname]=3Dnew =
Portal[type][sname](path,cname,notifier);}catch(e){console&&console.error=
("Creating Portlet."+type+"."+sname+": "+e.message);throw e;}}=0A=
var =
l;if(!(l=3DPortal.Component.$$i[sname])){l=3DPortal.Component.$$i[sname]=3D=
[];}=0A=
l[l.length]=3Dp[cname];if(p[cname].beforesubmit){var =
d=3DDispatcher.getInstance();var =
oThis=3Dthis;d.setListener(oThis,"portal$beforesubmit",function(dst,data,=
message,src){var =
whydata=3Dp[cname].beforesubmit();if(typeof(whydata)=3D=3D'boolean'){retu=
rn whydata;}else =
if(typeof(whydata)=3D=3D'object'){d.notify(this,'portal$vetosubmit',whyda=
ta,null);return true;}=0A=
throw cname+".beforesubmit: returned "+typeof(whydata);},null);}=0A=
return p[cname];},get:function(path){return =
eval("Portal.Component.$i."+path);},getByShortName:function(name){return =
eval("Portal.Component.$$i."+name);},classExists:function(name){return(ty=
peof(Portal.Component[name])!=3D"undefined");},instanceExists:function(pa=
th){try{eval("Portal.Component.$i"+path);return true;}catch(e){}=0A=
return =
false;}});Portal.Layout=3DPortal.Component.extend({constructor:function(p=
ath,name,notifier){this.base(path,name,notifier);}});Portal.Cluster=3DPor=
tal.Component.extend({constructor:function(path,name,notifier){this.base(=
path,name,notifier);}});Portal.Portlet=3DPortal.Component.extend({getAttr=
ibutes:function(){var t=3Ddocument.getElementsByTagName("input");var =
result=3D{};var pathlen=3Dthis.path.length;for(var =
i=3D0;i<t.length;i++){var it=3Dt[i];var =
itn=3Dit.getAttribute("name");if(!itn){continue;}=0A=
var prefixlen=3Ditn.lastIndexOf(".");var =
samePrefix=3D(itn.substring(0,this.path.length)=3D=3Dthis.path);if((prefi=
xlen=3D=3Dpathlen)&&samePrefix){result[itn.substring(1+prefixlen)]=3Dit.v=
alue;}}=0A=
return result;}});$PI=3Dfunction(path){return =
Portal.Component.get(path);};$PN=3Dfunction(name){var =
c=3DPortal.Component.getByShortName(name);if(typeof(c)=3D=3D"undefined"){=
return null;}=0A=
return(c.length=3D=3D1)?c[0]:c;};htmlutils=3D{accessors:{select:{getValue=
:function(node){return this.getList(node).join(", =
");},getList:function(node){var opts=3Dnode.options;var r=3D[];for(var =
i=3D0;i<opts.length;i++){if(opts[i].selected){r[r.length]=3Dopts[i].value=
;}}=0A=
return r;}},button:{getValue:function(node){var =
attrNode=3Dnode.getAttributeNode('value');return(attrNode!=3D=3Dnull)?att=
rNode.nodeValue:null;}}},getValue:function(elem){var =
v=3Dthis.accessors[elem.tagName.toLowerCase()];return =
v&&v.getValue?v.getValue(elem):elem.value;},getList:function(elem){var =
v=3Dthis.accessors[elem.tagName.toLowerCase()];return =
v&&v.getList?v.getList(elem):(elem.value?[elem.value]:[]);}};utils.addEve=
nt(window,"load",function(){Portal.getInstance();},false);
------=_NextPart_000_0000_01CB1950.A50CAAE0
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Content-Location: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/35478/js/14476/13745/719/33485/2661/8226/2166/3923/15864/33463.js

//=0A=
//		 PAFAppResources: Initialize client side of Portlet Application =
Framework=0A=
//=0A=
=0A=
Portal.Portlet.PAFAppResources =3D Portal.Portlet.extend({=0A=
=0A=
   // In PAF, the form always posts to itself. It should update and =
interpret data, and=0A=
   // then *redirect* to another page if necessary.=0A=
   =0A=
   // This code fixes up the EntrezForm in PAF templates to =
automatically post=0A=
   // to the current window pathname.=0A=
   =0A=
   // If the programmer specifies a hidden input with =
id=3D"entrez-action",=0A=
   // that action (instead of POST) is used for the form.=0A=
   =0A=
   // If the programmer specifies a hidden input with =
id=3D"entrez-method",=0A=
   // that method is used for the form. =0A=
       =0A=
   // FIXME: This is a hack. EntrezForm should default to posting to =
same page,=0A=
   // and there should be some way of indicating how to post (or get) =
elsewhere.=0A=
   // The problem here is that we've mixed Entrez into PAF. This should =
be refactored.=0A=
   =0A=
   init: function(path, name, notifier) {=0A=
      var oThis =3D this;  // Use <oThis> instead of <this> for =
registering callbacks=0A=
      this.base(path, name, notifier);  // Call superclass constructor=0A=
      =0A=
      if (!document.forms[0]) return; // Do nothing if no form.=0A=
      =0A=
      var getNodeValue =3D function(id, dfl) {=0A=
         var node =3D $(id);=0A=
         return node ? node.value : dfl;=0A=
      };=0A=
      =0A=
      var entrezAction =3D getNodeValue('entrez-action', =
window.location.pathname);=0A=
      var entrezMethod =3D getNodeValue('entrez-method', null);=0A=
      var entrezSubmit =3D getNodeValue('entrez-submit', false);=0A=
      =0A=
      document.forms[0].action =3D entrezAction;=0A=
      =0A=
      // FIXME: We need to include query string here, too, I think... At =
least for POST...      =0A=
      if (entrezMethod) {=0A=
         document.forms[0].method =3D entrezMethod;=0A=
      }=0A=
=0A=
      // By default, entrez form ignores submits. Setting "entrezSubmit" =
to "true" means let Entrez form=0A=
      // actually process the submit. This probably will only work =
correctly for action=3D"get"       =0A=
      if (entrezSubmit) {=0A=
         document.forms[0].onsubmit=3D"return true;"=0A=
      }=0A=
   }=0A=
});=0A=
=0A=
// makes an ext js looking portlet w/o using extjs
if (typeof(noext) =3D=3D 'undefined') {
    noext =3D {};
}
noext.parseConfig =3D function(n) {
    var configStr =3D n.getAttribute('config') || '';
    try {
        var jsonObj =3D eval('({' + configStr + '})');
    }
    catch(e) {
        if (window.console) {
            console.error(e.message + ' in local config object in =
noext.Portlet: file: ' + e.fileName + ', line ' + e.lineNumber + '.' );
        }
    }
    return jsonObj;
};
noext.getClassArray =3D function(n) {
    var classNameStr =3D n.className;
    return classNameStr.split(' ');
};
noext.getFirstHeader =3D function(n) {
    var fc =3D utils.getFirstChild(n);
    if(fc.tagName.search(/^h\d/i) !=3D -1) {
        return fc;
    }
};
noext.Portlet =3D function(n, beenClassed) {
    this.n =3D n;=0A=
    this.beenClassed =3D beenClassed;=0A=
    if (!beenClassed) {
        this.headerNode =3D noext.getFirstHeader(this.n);
        this.headerDiv =3D document.createElement('div');
        this.bodyDiv =3D document.createElement('div');
        utils.addClass(this.bodyDiv, 'x-panel-body');=0A=
    }=0A=
    else {=0A=
        var divNodes =3D n.getElementsByTagName("div");=0A=
        for (var i =3D 0; i < divNodes.length; ++i) {=0A=
            var divNode=3D divNodes[i];=0A=
            if (utils.hasClass(divNode, 'x-panel-header')) {=0A=
                this.headerDiv =3D divNode;=0A=
            }=0A=
            else if (utils.hasClass(divNode, 'x-panel-body')) {=0A=
                this.bodyDiv =3D divNode;=0A=
            }=0A=
        }=0A=
    }
    var configObj =3D noext.parseConfig(this.n);
    this.collapsible =3D configObj.collapsible =3D=3D false ? false : =
true;=20
    this.closeable =3D configObj.closeable =3D=3D false ? false : true;=20
    this.collapsed =3D configObj.collapsed =3D=3D true ? true : false;
    if (this.collapsed =3D=3D true) {
        utils.addClass(this.n, 'x-panel-collapsed');
        this.bodyDiv.style.display =3D 'none';
    }
    this.make();
};

noext.Portlet.instances =3D [];
noext.Portlet.ready =3D function() {
    var nodes =3D $C('port', 'class', document, 'div');
    for (var i =3D 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
        var n =3D nodes[i];
        if (utils.hasClass(n, 'norender')) {
            continue;
        }=0A=
        // CFM:  If the top-level div already has the 'x-panel' class, =
then =0A=
        // assume that it has been completely "classed up".=0A=
        var beenClassed =3D utils.hasClass(n, 'x-panel');
        portlet =3D new noext.Portlet(n, beenClassed);
    }
}
noext.Portlet.prototype =3D {
    make: function() {=0A=
        var beenClassed =3D this.beenClassed;=0A=
        =0A=
        var toolCloseA, toggleA;=0A=
        if (!beenClassed) {
            // put a parent around body content
            //var innerContainingDiv =3D document.createElement('div');
            utils.addClass(this.n, 'x-panel');
            //this.n.style.width =3D 'auto';
            utils.addClass(this.headerDiv, 'x-panel-header');
            utils.addClass(this.headerDiv, 'x-unselectable');
            if (this.headerNode) {=20
                this.n.insertBefore(this.headerDiv, this.headerNode);
                var header =3D this.n.removeChild(this.headerNode);
            }
            toolCloseA =3D document.createElement('a');
            toolCloseA.setAttribute('href', '#');
            utils.addClass(toolCloseA, 'x-tool');
            utils.addClass(toolCloseA, 'x-tool-close');
            toggleA =3D document.createElement('a');
            toggleA.setAttribute('href', '#');
            utils.addClass(toggleA, 'x-tool');
            utils.addClass(toggleA, 'x-tool-toggle');
            if (this.closeable =3D=3D true) {
                this.headerDiv.appendChild(toolCloseA);
            }
            if (this.collapsible) {
                this.headerDiv.appendChild(toggleA);
            }
            if (this.headerNode) {
                this.headerDiv.appendChild(header);
                utils.addClass(this.headerNode, 'x-panel-header-text');
            }=0A=
        }=0A=
        else {=0A=
            // Find the close and toggle <a> elements, if they exist.  =
To do this, we=0A=
            // iterate through all the <a> children, looking for the =
right classes.=0A=
            var aKids =3D this.n.getElementsByTagName("a");=0A=
            for (var i =3D 0; i < aKids.length; ++i) {=0A=
                var aKid =3D aKids[i];=0A=
                if (utils.hasClass(aKid, 'x-tool-close')) {=0A=
                    toolCloseA =3D aKid;=0A=
                }=0A=
                else if (utils.hasClass(aKid, 'x-tool-toggle')) {=0A=
                    toggleA =3D aKid;=0A=
                }=0A=
            }=0A=
        }=0A=
        this.toolCloseA =3D toolCloseA;
        this.toggleA =3D toggleA;=0A=
        if (!beenClassed) {
            this.reParent();=0A=
        }
        this.setEvents();
    },=20
    reParent: function() {
        var bodyElems =3D [];
        utils.insertAfter(this.n, this.bodyDiv, this.headerDiv);
        for (var i =3D this.n.childNodes.length -1; i >=3D 0; i--) {
            var fc =3D this.n.childNodes[i];
            if (fc !=3D this.headerDiv && fc !=3D this.bodyDiv) {=20
                bodyElems.push(this.n.removeChild(fc));
            }
            for (var j =3D 0; j < bodyElems.length; j++) {
                this.bodyDiv.appendChild(bodyElems[j]);
            }
        }
    },
    setEvents: function(toggleA) {
        var that =3D this;=0A=
        if (this.toggleA) {
            utils.addEvent(this.toggleA, 'click', function(e) { =
that.toggle(e)});=0A=
        }=0A=
        if (this.toolCloseA) {
            utils.addEvent(this.toolCloseA, 'click', function(e) { =
that.close(e)});=0A=
        }
    },=20
    toggle: function(e) {
        utils.preventDefault(e);
        if (utils.hasClass(this.n, 'x-panel-collapsed')) {
            utils.removeClass(this.n, 'x-panel-collapsed')
            this.bodyDiv.style.display =3D 'block';
        } else {
            utils.addClass(this.n, 'x-panel-collapsed');
            this.bodyDiv.style.display =3D 'none';
        }
    },
    close: function(e) {
        utils.preventDefault(e);=20
        this.n.parentNode.removeChild(this.n);
    }
};

utils.addEvent(window, 'load', noext.Portlet.ready);
=0A=
// This 2.x branch of this file was to add a brief delay to the pop-up, =
but it=0A=
// was decided not to merge this change into the main trunk.  I.e. this =
branch=0A=
// is PMC specific.  See PP-207.=0A=
=0A=
Portal.Portlet.BriefLinkPageSection =3D Portal.Portlet.extend({

	init: function(path, name, notifier) {=0A=
	    console.info("Created BriefLinkPageSection");
		this.base(path, name, notifier);
        =0A=
        this.SetPortletName();=0A=
        if (Portal.Portlet.BriefLinkPageSection.portletname !=3D ''){=0A=
            Portal.Portlet.BriefLinkPageSection.portletname =3D "." + =
Portal.Portlet.BriefLinkPageSection.portletname;=0A=
        }=0A=
        =0A=
        this.CreatePopNodes();=0A=
       =20
	},=0A=
	=0A=
	SetPortletName: function(){=0A=
	    // derived portlet should override and provide portlet name;=0A=
	},=0A=
	=0A=
    popNodeDelay: 0,
=0A=
    CreatePopNodes: function(){=0A=
        var pop =3D cssQuery("div.brieflink div" + =
Portal.Portlet.BriefLinkPageSection.portletname + " ul");
        var poptype =3D pop[0].className;
       =20
        // when value is pop0
        if (poptype.match(/pop0/)){
            // no popnodes need to be created
        }
        // for all other cases try to create popnode
        else{
            // Create ElementPopper for each li.item
    		var elemid =3D "div.brieflink div" + =
Portal.Portlet.BriefLinkPageSection.portletname + " li.item";
    		var elements =3D cssQuery(elemid);=20
    	=09
    		// go through the list of elements
    		for (var i =3D 0; i < elements.length; i++) {
                var elem =3D elements[i];
                var content =3D "";=20
               =20
                // when value is pop1
                if (poptype.match(/pop1/)){
                    // create pop with title + desc
                    var linktext =3D cssQuery("a", elem);
                    if (linktext && linktext.length > 0){
                        content +=3D linktext[0].innerHTML + "<br/>";
                    }
                }
                // default case - when value is pop2 or anything else =
but pop3
                else if (!poptype || !poptype.match(/pop3/)){
                    // if visible content length is larger than 105, =
then show the entire text in popup,
                    // followed by any included link description.
                    var linktext =3D cssQuery("a", elem);
                    var note =3D cssQuery("p.note", elem);
                    var content =3D "";=20
                    var linklength =3D 0;
                    if (linktext && linktext.length > 0){
                       linklength +=3D linktext[0].innerHTML.length;
                    }
                    if (note && note.length > 0){
                       linklength +=3D note[0].innerHTML.length;
                    }
                    if (linklength > 100){
                       content +=3D linktext[0].innerHTML + "<br/>";
                    }
                } // end default case
	          =20
	          =20
                // add Description to pop node when it exists for all =
popnode cases	          =20
	            var desc =3D cssQuery("p.desc", elem);
                if (desc && desc.length > 0){
                   content +=3D desc[0].innerHTML;
                }
               =20
                // create popnode when content is present
                if (content && content.length > 0) {
                  var elemclass =3D elem.className;
                  if (!elemclass.match(/popnode/)){
                      elem.className =3D elemclass + " popnode";
                  }
                  //new ElementPopper(elem, content);
                  new ElementPopper(elem, {=20
                      content: content,
                      delay: this.popNodeDelay=20
                  });
                }
               =20
            } // end for=20
        } // end else=0A=
	} // end CreatePopNodes function
},=0A=
{=0A=
portletname: '' =0A=
=0A=
});=0A=
//=0A=
// Java Module PopDiv_JS=0A=
//=0A=
=0A=
//=0A=
// Shows and hides a div at a specific location, either (x,y), or =
relative to=0A=
// an element in a specific direction.=0A=
//=0A=
// Limitations:=0A=
//  - height or width must be set on the popper div, or it may not =
position correctly.=0A=
//=0A=
// You're probably better off using ElementPopper instead of PopDiv for =
hover pops. Popper handles mouse events=0A=
// correctly.=0A=
//=0A=
// Arguments:=0A=
//   divId: the id of the div to use for the popper. You can also pass a =
DOM node, and PopDiv will use that node.=0A=
//       The default is "popperDiv".=0A=
//   className: Add this className to the popper div. Optional--no =
default. This is useful for setting up default state.=0A=
//=0A=
// It's preferable to use a single PopDiv to render popups all over=0A=
// a single page. You only need as many PopDivs as the maximum number of =
popups you may=0A=
// ever have open at once. See ElementPopper for details.=0A=
=0A=
var PopDiv =3D function(divId, className) {=0A=
=0A=
   var innerdiv =3D null;=0A=
   =0A=
   // default is a string=0A=
   if (typeof(divId) =3D=3D 'undefined') {=0A=
      divId =3D "popperDiv";=0A=
   }=0A=
   =0A=
   // Find or make popper div=0A=
   if ((this.div =3D document.getElementById(divId)) =3D=3D null) {=0A=
   =0A=
      this.div =3D document.createElement("div");=0A=
      this.div.id =3D divId;=0A=
      this.div.className =3D "popper";=0A=
      if (className) {=0A=
         this.div.className +=3D " " + className;=0A=
      }=0A=
      document.body.appendChild(this.div);=0A=
      this.div.innerHTML =3D "<div class=3D'popperInnerDiv'/>";=0A=
   } else {=0A=
      utils.addClass(this.div, "popper"); // Be sure it has this=0A=
   }=0A=
=0A=
   // this.innerdiv is first element of this.div=0A=
   for (this.innerdiv =3D this.div.firstChild;=0A=
      this.innerdiv && this.innerdiv.nodeType !=3D 1;=0A=
      this.innerdiv =3D this.innerdiv.nextSibling) {=0A=
   }=0A=
   =0A=
   // If caller provided a div with no inner divs, add one.=0A=
   if (!this.innerdiv) {=0A=
       this.innerdiv =3D document.createElement("div");=0A=
       this.innerdiv.className =3D "popperInnerDiv";=0A=
       this.div.appendChild(this.innerdiv);=0A=
   }=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
PopDiv.POP_ABOVE =3D 0;=0A=
PopDiv.POP_RIGHT =3D 1;=0A=
PopDiv.POP_BELOW =3D 2;=0A=
PopDiv.POP_LEFT =3D 3;=0A=
PopDiv.POP_CLASSES =3D ['pop-above', 'pop-right', 'pop-below', =
'pop-left'];=0A=
=0A=
PopDiv.POPPED =3D 'popped';=0A=
PopDiv.POP_GETXY =3D 'pop-getxy';=0A=
=0A=
PopDiv.prototype =3D {=0A=
   // Show it at x, y=0A=
   showAt: function(html, x, y) {=0A=
=0A=
    //console.info("POP @ (" + x + ", " + y + ")");=0A=
    //console.info("----");=0A=
    =0A=
      // Set content if provided=0A=
      if (html) {=0A=
         this.innerdiv.innerHTML =3D html;=0A=
      }=0A=
=0A=
      this.div.style.left =3D x + "px";=0A=
      this.div.style.top =3D y + "px";=0A=
=0A=
      // Pop it=0A=
      utils.addClass(this.div, PopDiv.POPPED);=0A=
=0A=
   },=0A=
=0A=
   // Show it near element ("dir" indications direction)=0A=
   // Dimensions don't exist if element isn't shown.=0A=
   getXY: function() {=0A=
      var popped =3D utils.hasClass(this.div, PopDiv.POPPED);=0A=
=0A=
      if (!popped) {=0A=
         utils.addClass(this.div, PopDiv.POPPED);=0A=
      }=0A=
      var dim =3D utils.getXY(this.div);=0A=
      if (!popped) {=0A=
         utils.removeClass(this.div, PopDiv.POPPED);=0A=
      }=0A=
=0A=
      return dim;=0A=
   },=0A=
=0A=
   hide: function() {=0A=
      utils.removeClass(this.div, PopDiv.POPPED);=0A=
      if (this.popClass) {=0A=
         utils.removeClass(this.div, this.popClass);=0A=
         this.popClass =3D null;=0A=
         this.popnode =3D null;=0A=
      }=0A=
   },=0A=
=0A=
   // showBy shows a popper adjacent to another item.=0A=
   showBy: function(html, elem, dir) {=0A=
      var dx =3D 0;=0A=
      var dy =3D 0;=0A=
=0A=
      // Already popped over a particular popnode=0A=
      if (this.popnode && (this.popnode =3D=3D elem)) {=0A=
         return;=0A=
      }=0A=
      this.popnode =3D elem;=0A=
=0A=
      // Default direction=0A=
      if (typeof(dir) !=3D "number") {=0A=
         dir =3D PopDiv.POP_LEFT;=0A=
      }=0A=
=0A=
      // Set class "pop-<direction>": this determines margin=0A=
      this.popClass =3D PopDiv.POP_CLASSES[dir];=0A=
      //console.info("dir =3D " + dir +", popclass =3D " + =
this.popClass);=0A=
      utils.addClass(this.div, this.popClass);=0A=
=0A=
      // Set text so that sizing is correct=0A=
      this.innerdiv.innerHTML =3D html;=0A=
=0A=
      // Get geometries of target and popper=0A=
      var thatdim =3D utils.getXY(elem);=0A=
=0A=
      // PMC-7454 - work around a bug in utils.js.  When the element is =
a bit=0A=
      // of text that begins near the end of one line and wraps to the =
next=0A=
      // line, getXY() returns an X value which marks the x-coordinate =
of the=0A=
      // start of the text, rather than the left margin, which it should.=0A=
      // This only applies to the popups over references inside the =
article=0A=
      // body (POP_RIGHT) not the the cited-reference blocks in the =
discovery=0A=
      // column (which are POP_LEFT).=0A=
      if (dir =3D=3D PopDiv.POP_RIGHT) {=0A=
          thatdim.x =3D jQuery(elem).position().left;=0A=
      }=0A=
=0A=
      var popdim =3D this.getXY(this.div);=0A=
      //console.info("that =3D");=0A=
      //console.info(thatdim);=0A=
      //console.info("pop =3D ");=0A=
      //console.info(popdim);=0A=
=0A=
      // Calculate position=0A=
      switch (dir) {=0A=
      case PopDiv.POP_ABOVE: dy =3D -1*popdim.h;  break;=0A=
      case PopDiv.POP_LEFT:  dx =3D -1*popdim.w;  break;=0A=
      case PopDiv.POP_BELOW: dy =3D    thatdim.h; break;=0A=
      case PopDiv.POP_RIGHT: dx =3D    thatdim.w; break;=0A=
      default:=0A=
        throw "PopDiv: Invalid direction: " + dir;=0A=
      }=0A=
      //console.info("Popping at: [x=3D" + (thatdim.x + dx) + ", =
y=3D"+(thatdim.y + dy)+"]");=0A=
=0A=
      this.showAt(null, thatdim.x + dx + 5, thatdim.y + dy);=0A=
   }=0A=
};=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
// An ElementPopper shows a popup adjacent to a target element when the =
user mouses over the target.=0A=
// It handles browser events and manipulates a popper to show and hide =
detail data.=0A=
//=0A=
// When the mouse cursor enters the target, the content appears in the =
popper nearby.=0A=
//  When the mouse cursor leaves the target, the popper is hidden.=0A=
//=0A=
// This rather intense event handling code is necessary because =
mouseover and mouseout doesn't work=0A=
// as expected--mouseouts occur when moving over child nodes. The =
"relatedTarget" trick described=0A=
// by PPK (quirksmode.org) doesn't work either, because browsers =
sometimes drop events=0A=
// with related targets. So the only option is to capture =
document.onmousemove, and detect when=0A=
// the mouse either exits document.body, or moves over something that is =
neither the target nor=0A=
// one of its children.=0A=
//=0A=
// "popnode" is the target node=0A=
// "content" is either a string (the content to show), a DOM node (show =
its innerHTML), or a function.=0A=
// "config" is configuration; if it's just a number, then it's =
"direction" (PopDiv.POP_*); otherwise, it's a JS object with =0A=
//     attribute/value pairs=0A=
// "popperId" is the ID to assign to the popper; default is to make one =
up.=0A=
//=0A=
// When used with Ext.Ncbi, the popper should initialize itself on the =
page a few hundred=0A=
// ms after the page loads. IE apparently creates a race condition where =
popper and Ext.Ncbi initialization=0A=
// throw away the event handlers on which ElementPopper depends.=0A=
//=0A=
// So in that case, instead of new ElementPopper(a,b), you want to do:=0A=
//     setTimeout(function() {new ElementPopper(a,b);}), 500);=0A=
=0A=
//=0A=
var ElementPopper =3D function(popnode, content, config, popperId) {=0A=
=0A=
    var that =3D this;=0A=
=0A=
    // Inner functions=0A=
    // If target is popnode or one of its children, returns popnode; =
otherwise, null=0A=
    function getPopTarget(target) {=0A=
       while (target && !utils.hasClass(target, "popnode")) {=0A=
          target =3D target.parentNode;=0A=
       }=0A=
       return target;=0A=
    };=0A=
=0A=
    // Use inner functions here because removeEvent requires a reference =
to the=0A=
    // function object passed to addEvent, and we need to use closure to =
maintain scope.=0A=
=0A=
    // Show popper and start tracking mouse motions=0A=
    var handlePop =3D function(e) {=0A=
       var target =3D getPopTarget(utils.getTargetObj(e));=0A=
       =0A=
       if (target) {=0A=
	       // If Ajax URL is supplied, then fetch URL.=0A=
	       //   If AJAX URL is a function, the URL is the return value of =
the function=0A=
	       //   Otherwise AJAX URL must be a string=0A=
	       // When AJAX call succeeds, pop up the content. If there's a =
contentFunction, the content is=0A=
	       // the result of applying the contentFunction to the AJAX return =
data; otherwise, it's just=0A=
	       // the AJAX return data itself.=0A=
	       //=0A=
	       if (that.url) {=0A=
	          var url =3D (typeof(that.url) =3D=3D 'function') ? =
that.url(target) : that.url;=0A=
	=0A=
	          jQuery.ajax({=0A=
	             cache: false,=0A=
	             'url': url,=0A=
	             success: function(data, textStatus) {=0A=
	                doPop(target, data, textStatus);=0A=
	             }=0A=
	          });=0A=
	       } else {=0A=
	          doPop(target);=0A=
	       }=0A=
	       =0A=
	       // Set up to listen for mouse out=0A=
	       // This is the node currently being handled; it's cleared when=0A=
	       // the user mouses out.=0A=
	       that.handlingNode =3D target;=0A=
	    =0A=
           utils.removeEvent(target, "mousemove", handlePop);=0A=
           utils.addEvent(document.body, "mousemove", trackMouse);=0A=
           utils.addEvent(document.body, "mouseout", trackMouse);=0A=
       }=0A=
    }=0A=
    =0A=
    var doPop =3D function(target, data, status) {=0A=
       =0A=
       // Pop, shift listener to document body=0A=
       if (target) {=0A=
          that.timer =3D setTimeout(function() {=0A=
             // If we're still waiting for a pop, do the pop.=0A=
             // We're only waiting for a pop when handlingNode is set.=0A=
             if (target =3D=3D that.handlingNode) {=0A=
                that.thePopper.showBy(that.contentFunction(target, data, =
status), target, that.direction);=0A=
             } else {=0A=
               // Ignore the pop request, because we're no longer =
interested in this pop.=0A=
             }=0A=
             that.timer =3D null;             =0A=
          }, that.delay);=0A=
=0A=
       }=0A=
    };=0A=
=0A=
    // Unpop, shift listener back to popnode=0A=
    var trackMouse =3D function(e) {=0A=
       var target =3D getPopTarget(utils.getTargetObj(e));=0A=
=0A=
       // If mouse left document.body, or the target's not over the =
popnode, hide.=0A=
       if (e.type =3D=3D "mouseout" || target =3D=3D null) {=0A=
          // Clear pop timer if it hasn't popped=0A=
          if (that.timer) {=0A=
             window.clearTimeout(that.timer);=0A=
             that.timer =3D null;=0A=
          }=0A=
          that.thePopper.hide();=0A=
          that.handlingNode =3D null;=0A=
          =0A=
          utils.removeEvent(document.body, "mousemove", trackMouse);=0A=
          utils.removeEvent(document.body, "mouseout", trackMouse);=0A=
          utils.addEvent(popnode, "mousemove", handlePop);=0A=
       }=0A=
    };=0A=
=0A=
    // END inner functions=0A=
=0A=
    //=0A=
    // ctor main=0A=
    //=0A=
     =0A=
    // Support new signature ElementPopper(element, {config...}); in =
that case, "content" is a config object,=0A=
    // all other arguments are ignored, and config.content must be set =0A=
    if (typeof(content) =3D=3D 'object') {=0A=
       config =3D content;=0A=
       content =3D config.content;=0A=
    }=0A=
    =0A=
    // If a content URL is defined (AJAX URL string or function that =
returns URL), remember it=0A=
    if (config && config.url) {=0A=
       this.url =3D config.url;=0A=
    }=0A=
    =0A=
    // If content is a string, make it a function that returns the =
string.=0A=
    // If it's a dom node, make it a function that returns the dom =
node's innerHTML=0A=
    // If content is undefined, then assume data is coming from AJAX =
callback=0A=
    if (typeof(content) =3D=3D 'undefined') {=0A=
       this.contentFunction =3D function(target, data, status) { return =
data };=0A=
    } else if (typeof(content) =3D=3D 'string') {=0A=
       this.contentFunction =3D function() { return content; }=0A=
    } else if (content.innerHTML) {=0A=
       this.contentFunction =3D function() { return content.innerHTML; }=0A=
    } else if (typeof(content) =3D=3D 'function') {=0A=
       this.contentFunction =3D content; // Better be a function...=0A=
    }=0A=
    =0A=
    // Backward compatibility: "config" arg used to be "direction", so=0A=
    // interpret it as "direction" if config is a number.=0A=
    // Otherwise parse out config info=0A=
    if (typeof(config) =3D=3D=3D 'undefined') {=0A=
       config =3D {=0A=
          direction: PopDiv.POP_LEFT,=0A=
          delay: 0=0A=
       }=0A=
    }=0A=
    =0A=
    if (typeof(config) =3D=3D 'number') {=0A=
       this.direction =3D config;=0A=
    } else {=0A=
       this.direction =3D (typeof(config.direction) !=3D 'undefined') ? =
config.direction : PopDiv.POP_LEFT;=0A=
       this.delay =3D config.delay || 0;=0A=
    }=0A=
    this.popperId =3D config.popperId || popperId || ("popper" + =
(ElementPopper.popIndex++)); =0A=
=0A=
    // Create the popper=0A=
    this.thePopper =3D new PopDiv(this.popperId);=0A=
    var popdiv =3D $(this.popperId);=0A=
    =0A=
    // FIXME: Is this necessary? I think it's maybe wrong!=0A=
    if (popdiv) {=0A=
       utils.addClass(popdiv, "popnode");=0A=
    }=0A=
=0A=
    // Get popnode if it's an id string=0A=
    if (typeof(popnode) =3D=3D 'string') {=0A=
        popnode =3D $(popnode);=0A=
        if (!popnode) {=0A=
           throw "ElementPopper: id not found";=0A=
        }=0A=
    }=0A=
    this.popnode =3D popnode;=0A=
    this.timer =3D null; // Only exists when waiting for a pop=0A=
    =0A=
    // When the user mouses over target, pop it up=0A=
    utils.addEvent(popnode, "mousemove", handlePop);=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
ElementPopper.popIndex =3D 0;=0A=
=0A=
ElementPopper.prototype =3D {=0A=
   setDelay: function(delay) {=0A=
      this.delay =3D delay;=0A=
   },=0A=
   getDelay: function() {=0A=
      return delay;=0A=
   }=0A=
};=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
 utils.addEvent(window, "load", function(){     =0A=
     theDEP =3D new DeferredElementPopper("rapopper", { =0A=
          content: function(node) { =0A=
               var c =3D cssQuery(".hidden", node);               =0A=
               if (c && c.length > 0) {=0A=
                  var label =3D (c[0].textContent || c[0].innerText); =0A=
                  var cit =3D getCitation(node);=0A=
                  label =3D "<p id=3D'htbpoptext'>" + label + "</p>";=0A=
                  if (cit && cit > ""){ // avoid "undefined" value=0A=
                      label =3D label + "<p id=3D'htbpcit'>" + cit + =
"</p>";=0A=
                  } =0A=
                  return label;=0A=
               }                =0A=
          }, =0A=
          direction: PopDiv.POP_LEFT, =0A=
          popperId: "ppPopper", =0A=
          delay: 0 =0A=
     }); =0A=
});=0A=
=0A=
Portal.Portlet.HistoryDisplay =3D Portal.Portlet.extend({

	init: function(path, name, notifier) {
		console.info("Created History Ad...");
		this.base(path, name, notifier);   =20
	},
=09
	send: {
      'Cmd': null
      //'Recording': null
    },  =20
   =20
    receive: function(responseObject, userArgs) {  =0A=
         var cmd =3D userArgs.cmd;
         var rootNode =3D document.getElementById('HTDisplay'); =0A=
         var ul =3D document.getElementById('activity');=0A=
         var resp =3D responseObject.responseText;=0A=
             =0A=
         if (cmd =3D=3D 'HTOn') { =0A=
            rootNode.className =3D '';    // hide all msg and the turnOn =
link=0A=
            try {=0A=
                // Handle timeouts=0A=
                if (responseObject.status =3D=3D 408) { =0A=
                    rootNode.className =3D 'HTOn'; // so that the =
following msg will show up=0A=
                    rootNode.innerHTML =3D "<p class=3D'HTOn'>Your =
browsing activity is temporarily unavailable.</p>";=0A=
                    return;=0A=
                }=0A=
                   =0A=
                 // Looks like we got something...=0A=
                 resp =3D '(' + resp + ')';=0A=
                 var JSONobj =3D eval(resp);=0A=
                 =0A=
                 // Build new content (ul)=0A=
                 var newHTML =3D JSONobj.Activity;=0A=
                 var newContent =3D document.createElement('div');=0A=
                 newContent.innerHTML =3D newHTML;=0A=
                 var newUL =3D newContent.getElementsByTagName('ul')[0];=0A=
                 //alert(newHTML);=0A=
                 //alert(newContent.innerHTML);=0A=
                 //alert(newUL.innerHTML);=0A=
                 // Update content=0A=
                 rootNode.replaceChild(newUL, ul);=0A=
                 //XHR returns no activity (empty ul), e.g. activity =
cleared=0A=
                 if (newUL.className =3D=3D 'hide')                    =20
                     rootNode.className =3D 'HTOn';  // show "Your =
browsing activity is empty." message=0A=
                 =0A=
            }         =0A=
            catch (e) {=0A=
                //alert('error');=0A=
                rootNode.className =3D 'HTOn'; // so that the following =
msg will show up=0A=
                rootNode.innerHTML =3D "<p class=3D'HTOn'>Your browsing =
activity is temporarily unavailable.</p>";=0A=
           }=0A=
         }=0A=
         else if (cmd =3D=3D 'HTOff') {                         =0A=
             if (ul !=3D null) { =0A=
                 ul.className=3D'hide'; =0A=
                 ul.innerHTML =3D ''; // clear activity=0A=
             }=0A=
             rootNode.className =3D 'HTOff';    // make "Activity =
recording is turned off." and the turnOn link show up             =0A=
         }=0A=
         else if (cmd =3D=3D 'ClearHT') {     =0A=
             if ( rootNode.className =3D=3D '') { //                 =0A=
                 rootNode.className =3D 'HTOn';  // show "Your browsing =
activity is empty." message                                  =0A=
                 if (ul !=3D null) {=0A=
                     ul.className=3D'hide'; =0A=
                     ul.innerHTML =3D '';=0A=
                 }=0A=
             }            =0A=
         } =0A=
        =20
    },
   =20
	listen: {
	  'Cmd' : function(sMessage, oData, sSrc){
			console.info("Inside Cmd in HistoryDisplay: " + oData.cmd);
			this.setValue("Cmd", oData.cmd);
	  },	 =20
	=09
      "HistoryToggle<click>" : function(e, target, name){
         //alert(target.getAttribute("cmd"));
         this.send.Cmd({'cmd': target.getAttribute("cmd")});        =20
         console.info("Inside HistoryToggle in HistoryDisplay: " + =
target.getAttribute("cmd"));
        =20
         var site =3D document.forms[0]['p$st'].value;
         var cmd =3D  target.getAttribute("cmd");    =20
              =20
         // Issue asynchronous call to XHR service, callback is to =
update the portlet output
	     var resp =3D xmlHttpCall(site, this.path, cmd, {}, this.receive, =
{'cmd': target.getAttribute("cmd")}, this);
      },=20
     =20
      "HistoryOn<click>" : function(e, target, name){
         this.send.Cmd({'cmd': target.getAttribute("cmd")});
         =
//$PN('Pubmed_ResultsSearchController').getInput('RecordingHistory').valu=
e =3D 'yes';		=20
         console.info("Inside HistoryOn in HistoryDisplay: " + =
target.getAttribute("cmd"));
               =20
         var site =3D document.forms[0]['p$st'].value;  =20
	     var resp =3D xmlHttpCall(site, this.path, "HTOn", {}, =
this.receive, {'cmd': target.getAttribute("cmd")}, this);
	     //Portal.requestSubmit();
      },
     =20
      "ClearHistory<click>" : function(e, target, name){
         this.send.Cmd({'cmd': target.getAttribute("cmd")});=09
         var site =3D document.forms[0]['p$st'].value;  =20
	     var resp =3D xmlHttpCall(site, this.path, "ClearHT", {}, =
this.receive, {'cmd': target.getAttribute("cmd")}, this);	=20
      }
    }
});

function getCitation(node) {
   // var withHistorys =3D cssQuery("*[title]", node); does not work!!!  =
=20
   var withTitles =3D $AN('title', node, '*');
   //alert(withTitles.length + " " + withTitles[0].tagName + " " + =
withTitles[withTitles.length-1].tagName);
   //alert(withTitles[1].getAttribute('title'));
   if (withTitles.length > 0) {     =20
      var p =3D withTitles[0];
      var s =3D p.getAttribute("title");
      if (s && s > "") {=20
          //alert(s);
          p.setAttribute("title", "");
          node._title =3D s;
          for (var i =3D 0; i < withTitles.length; i++) {
              withTitles[i].removeAttribute("title");   =20
          }
      }
      /*else { //fixed in utils.js        =20
          s =3D node._title; // required for IE b/c of the bug in $AN
      }*/
   } else {
      s =3D node._title;
      //alert("old s "+ s);
   }
   return s;
}=0A=
// Requires: ElementPopper_JS, EventDispatcher_JS=0A=
=0A=
//=0A=
// A DeferredElementPopper creates an ElementPopper on any node with a =
given className the first time the=0A=
// node receives a mouseover event. It collects all of the poppers it =
creates (in an array), and=0A=
// remembers the dispatcher rule that invokes the initialization.=0A=
//=0A=
// "content" is the same as "content" for ElementPopper (see which)=0A=
//=0A=
DeferredElementPopper =3D function(className, config) {=0A=
   var that =3D this;=0A=
   this.config =3D config;=0A=
   this.poppers =3D [];=0A=
   this.dispatcher =3D new EventDispatcher("mouseover", className, =
function(event, udata, dispatcher) {=0A=
         if (!this._popup_init) {=0A=
            this._popup_init =3D 1;=0A=
            that.poppers[that.poppers.length] =3D new =
ElementPopper(this, that.config.content, that.config);=0A=
         }=0A=
    });=0A=
    =0A=
}=0A=
DeferredElementPopper.prototype =3D {=0A=
   debug: function() {=0A=
     var s =3D "";=0A=
     for (var i =3D 0; i < this.poppers.length; i++) {=0A=
        var z =3D this.poppers[i];=0A=
        s +=3D i + ": ";=0A=
        s +=3D z.popnode.innerText + "(" + =
z.popnode.getAttribute("title") +"); ";=0A=
     }=0A=
     alert(s);=0A=
   }=0A=
};=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
//=0A=
// A EventDispatcher does a popup on demand based on a classname on an =
element.=0A=
// Every mouse motion on the page notifies EventDispatcher that an event =
occurred.=0A=
// Any time an event occurs that has one of EventDispatcher's classnames =
on it,=0A=
// the handlers associated with that className are executed.=0A=
//=0A=
// EventDispatcher is designed for popups, but can be used for anything; =
the handler=0A=
// is a generic function:=0A=
//    handler(event, udata, dispatchrule)=0A=
// <event> is the platform event object; use utils.getTargetObj() to get =
its target=0A=
// <udata> is the udata that was passed when that handler was set up.=0A=
// <dispatchrule> is the EventDispatcher object; it is the dictionary=0A=
// {eventType, className, handler, udata} describing the popper behavior.=0A=
//=0A=
// dispatchrule.remove() [TBD] removes the rule from the event dispatcher=0A=
//=0A=
// When the callback occurs, <this> is the target element. =0A=
=0A=
EventDispatcher =3D function(eventType, className, handler, udata) {=0A=
=0A=
   // Start PP listening for this event=0A=
   if (!EventDispatcher.events) {=0A=
      EventDispatcher.events =3D {};=0A=
   }=0A=
=0A=
    // If first definition for this event type, listen for it=0A=
   if (!EventDispatcher.events[eventType]) {=0A=
      EventDispatcher.events[eventType] =3D {};=0A=
      utils.addEvent(document.body, eventType, =
EventDispatcher.handleEvent);=0A=
   }=0A=
   =0A=
   // Index of all class names managed by PP=0A=
   if (!EventDispatcher.classNames[className]) {=0A=
      EventDispatcher.classNames[className] =3D 1;=0A=
   }=0A=
=0A=
   // ev.classNames are the classes that listen for this event=0A=
   var ev =3D EventDispatcher.events[eventType];=0A=
   if (!ev.classNames) {=0A=
      ev.classNames =3D {};=0A=
   }=0A=
   =0A=
   // Add handler for this class=0A=
   if (!ev.classNames[className]) {=0A=
      ev.classNames[className] =3D [];=0A=
   }=0A=
   =0A=
   this.eventType =3D eventType;=0A=
   this.className =3D className;=0A=
   this.handler =3D handler;=0A=
   this.udata =3D udata || null;=0A=
   =0A=
   var c =3D ev.classNames[className];=0A=
   c[c.length] =3D this;=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
EventDispatcher.events =3D {}=0A=
EventDispatcher.classNames =3D {}=0A=
=0A=
EventDispatcher.handleEvent =3D function(e) {=0A=
=0A=
   if (!EventDispatcher.events[e.type]) { return; } // TODO: Remove =
event listener here=0A=
   =0A=
   var t =3D utils.getTargetObj(e);=0A=
   if (t.className) {=0A=
      var theClasses =3D t.className.split(/\s+/);=0A=
      for (var c in theClasses) {=0A=
         if (EventDispatcher.classNames[theClasses[c]]) {=0A=
            EventDispatcher.dispatch(e, t, theClasses[c]);=0A=
         }=0A=
      }=0A=
   }=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
EventDispatcher.dispatch =3D function(e, t, className) {=0A=
   if (!EventDispatcher.events[e.type]) return;=0A=
   var ev =3D EventDispatcher.events[e.type];=0A=
   if (!ev.classNames || !ev.classNames[className]) return;=0A=
   var poppers =3D ev.classNames[className];=0A=
   for (var i =3D 0; i < poppers.length; i++) {=0A=
      poppers[i].handleEvent(t, e);=0A=
   }=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
EventDispatcher.prototype =3D {=0A=
   handleEvent: function(target, event) {=0A=
      this.handler.call(target, event, this.udata, this);=0A=
   }=0A=
}=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
// PPMCRecentActivity=0A=
//=20
=0A=
Portal.Portlet.PPMCRecentActivity =3D =
Portal.Portlet.HistoryDisplay.extend({

    init: function(path, name, notifier) {
        console.info("Created PPMCRecentActivity");
        this.base(path, name, notifier);
    }
});=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
// PPMCArticlePageJS=0A=
// This script does the following:=0A=
// - Positions reference portlets in the discovery column to the top of =
each paragraph;=0A=
// - Calculates how many references will fit;=0A=
// - Calculates whether it needs a "see all" link;=0A=
// - Adds mouseovers to links in paragraphs and reference portlet links=0A=
=0A=
// We use a self executing anonymous function in order to protect the =
global namespace from=0A=
// two top-level vars: '$j', and 'main'.=0A=
=0A=
( function() {=0A=
    var $j =3D jQuery;=0A=
=0A=
    // This main function runs when the DOM is ready to be queried; it =
gets attached to=0A=
    // the event down at the bottom of this module.=0A=
    var main =3D function() {=0A=
        //var start =3D new Date().getTime();=0A=
        var POPPER_DELAY =3D 500;=0A=
=0A=
        =
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////=0A=
        // Helper functions=0A=
=0A=
        =
//-------------------------------------------------------------------=0A=
        // This function determines if two rectangles intersect.=0A=
        // Two rectangles intersect if any point along their lines share =
a =0A=
        // point in space.  Because these portlets will be lined up =
vertically, =0A=
        // we only worry about one dimension.  The 'dims' parameter is =
an =0A=
        // object that contains top and bottom dimensions of the two =
rectangles.=0A=
=0A=
        var rectIntersect =3D function(dims) {=0A=
            // L1t is 'Line'1'Top' etc.=0A=
            var L1t =3D dims.L1t;=0A=
            var L1b =3D dims.L1b;=0A=
            var L2t =3D dims.L2t;=0A=
            var L2b =3D dims.L2b;=0A=
            return (=0A=
                (L2b > L1t && L2b < L1b) ||=0A=
                (L2t < L1b && L2t > L1t) ||=0A=
                (L2t > L1t && L2t < L1b) ||=0A=
                (L2t < L1t && L2b > L1b)=0A=
            );=0A=
        };=0A=
=0A=
        =
//-------------------------------------------------------------------=0A=
        // This function adds a popup to the links within the main =
article body.=0A=
        // It adds the popup to one element, and then queues itself up =
to add the=0A=
        // popup to the next element after a short delay.=0A=
=0A=
        var addPopper =3D function(elems, curr) {=0A=
            var currElem =3D elems[curr];=0A=
            var jqCurrElem =3D jQuery(currElem);=0A=
=0A=
            var rid =3D jqCurrElem.attr('rid');=0A=
            //console.info("rid is '" + rid + "'");=0A=
=0A=
            if (rid) {=0A=
                // Find the text for this popup from the element pointed =
to by =0A=
                // @rid.  This will be in the reference section of the =
article.=0A=
                // Some id's from the backend have special characters, =
so we=0A=
                // need to escape them, see PMC-6384 and =
http://tinyurl.com/2qfqgc=0A=
=0A=
                var ridEscaped =3D rid.replace(/:/g, "\\:")=0A=
                                    .replace(/\./g, "\\.")=0A=
                                    .replace(/=C2=B7/g, "\\=C2=B7");=0A=
                var refElem =3D jQuery('#' + ridEscaped);=0A=
                =0A=
                // Check to make sure that we found something=0A=
                if (refElem.length > 0) {=0A=
=0A=
                    var citeText =3D refElem.text();=0A=
                    //console.info("citeText is '" + citeText + "'");=0A=
=0A=
                    var popText =3D jQuery.trim(citeText);=0A=
                    //console.info("popText is '" + popText + "'");=0A=
    =0A=
                    // If the @href element of the current <a> tag =
(currElem)=0A=
                    // has a '#' portion, meaning that it is a link to =
the=0A=
                    // reference list in this same article, then =
indicate =0A=
                    // that in the popup text.=0A=
                    if (currElem.hash) {=0A=
                        popText +=3D ' [Reference List]';=0A=
                    }=0A=
    =0A=
                    new ElementPopper(currElem,=0A=
                        { content: popText, =0A=
                          direction: PopDiv.POP_RIGHT, =0A=
                          popperId: 'popper-para-links', =0A=
                          delay: POPPER_DELAY });=0A=
                }=0A=
            }=0A=
=0A=
            // Now arrange to have ourselves called for the next element =
that needs a popup,=0A=
            // after one millisecond.=0A=
            curr++;=0A=
            if (curr < elems.length) {=0A=
                var fnc =3D function(){=0A=
                    addPopper(elems, curr);=0A=
                }=0A=
                window.setTimeout(fnc, 1);=0A=
            }=0A=
        }; // end addPopper function=0A=
=0A=
        =
//-------------------------------------------------------------------=0A=
        // This function adds a popup to the links in the =
cited-reference blocks.=0A=
=0A=
        var addPopper2 =3D function(elems, curr) {=0A=
            var aDomElement =3D elems[curr];=0A=
            var aKids =3D aDomElement.childNodes;=0A=
            var aNumKids =3D aKids.length;=0A=
            //console.info("aDomElement is a " + aDomElement.toString() =
+ "; num kids is " + aNumKids);=0A=
=0A=
            // Generate the text that will go in the popup.=0A=
            // Get the text children of the <a> element.  This loop =
drops any element nodes;=0A=
            // in particular, the <span class=3D'flag'>Review</span> =
element, if present.=0A=
            var txt =3D "";=0A=
            for (var i =3D 0; i < aNumKids; ++i) {=0A=
                var kid =3D aKids[i];=0A=
                if (kid.nodeType !=3D 1) {=0A=
                    txt +=3D kid.nodeValue;=0A=
                }=0A=
            }=0A=
=0A=
            var l =3D jQuery(elems[curr]);=0A=
            txt +=3D "<br/>" + l.next('p')[0].innerHTML;=0A=
            new ElementPopper(l[0],=0A=
                { content: txt, direction: PopDiv.POP_LEFT, popperId: =
'popper-port-links', delay: POPPER_DELAY });=0A=
=0A=
            // Now arrange to have ourselves called for the next element =
that needs a popup,=0A=
            // after one millisecond.=0A=
            curr++;=0A=
            if (curr < elems.length) {=0A=
                var fnc =3D function(){=0A=
                    addPopper2(elems, curr);=0A=
                }=0A=
                window.setTimeout(fnc, 1);=0A=
            }=0A=
        }; // end addPopper2 function=0A=
=0A=
        // end helper function(s)=0A=
=0A=
        =
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////=0A=
        // In this space, we define and set variables that only need to =
be set once, not per paragraph.=0A=
=0A=
        // See if there any reference portlets in the page, by getting =
at least two reference=0A=
        // portlets. Later we will use these two portlets to make sure =
they do not interfere with=0A=
        // existing portlets in the column. It is unlikely that a third =
portlet would interfere=0A=
        // with anything, so let's make this as efficient as possible=0A=
        var portNodes =3D =
$j('#ArticleRefDocsums').find('div.cited-ref:lt(2)');=0A=
=0A=
        // If there is at least one portlet in the page, we need to get =
some initial information,=0A=
        // like sample portlet elements' sizes, information about =
existing portlet in page etc.=0A=
        var portsInPage =3D false;=0A=
        if (portNodes.length > 0) { // if the page has ANY reference =
portlets=0A=
            // remember that there is something to do=0A=
            var portsInPage =3D true;=0A=
            var firstPortN =3D $j(portNodes[0]);=0A=
=0A=
            // Max shown per page is already decided by xslt that =
generates portlet server-side,=0A=
            // and should be the number of <li>s per portlet=0A=
            var MAXREFS =3D 5;=0A=
=0A=
            // get dimensions of elements inside sample portlet, account =
for padding by using outerHeight=0A=
            var lis =3D firstPortN.find('li.ovfl');=0A=
            var firstRefH =3D $j(lis[0]).outerHeight(true);=0A=
            var firstSeeAllH =3D =
firstPortN.find('a.all-articles').outerHeight(true);=0A=
            var firstUl =3D firstPortN.find('ul');=0A=
            // the ul might have padding or margins applied=0A=
            var ulPaddingMargin =3D parseInt(firstUl.css('padding-top')) =
+=0A=
                                  =
parseInt(firstUl.css('padding-bottom')) +=0A=
                                  parseInt(firstUl.css('margin-top')) +=0A=
                                  parseInt(firstUl.css('margin-bottom'));=0A=
            // same goes for the actual portlet div=0A=
            var portNPadding =3D parseInt(firstPortN.css('padding-top')) =
+=0A=
                               =
parseInt(firstPortN.css('padding-bottom'));=0A=
=0A=
            // The horizontal position of all cited ref blocks should =
line up with recent history=0A=
            // portlet, which should be above any reference portlets=0A=
            var leftPos =3D $j('#recent-activity').position().left;=0A=
            //console.info('Got leftPos of all portlets: ' + leftPos);=0A=
=0A=
            // Get positions of any existing portlets in side column, so =
we can later hide any=0A=
            // reference portlets that take up same space=0A=
            var sideBarCell =3D $j('td.sidebar-cell')[0];=0A=
            var portRanges =3D {};=0A=
            var ports =3D jQuery('div.port', sideBarCell);=0A=
            for (var i =3D 0; i < ports.length; i++) {=0A=
                var p =3D jQuery(ports[i]);=0A=
                var pos =3D p.position();=0A=
                var t =3D pos.top;=0A=
                portRanges[i] =3D {=0A=
                    't': t,=0A=
                    'b': t + p.height() // bottom is top + height of =
portlet=0A=
                };=0A=
            }=0A=
=0A=
        } // end if portNodes in doc=0A=
=0A=
        // Now, for each paragraph, get associated portlet and position =
appropriately, we still need=0A=
        // to iterate through each paragraph even if there are no =
reference links in entire document.=0A=
        // We are doing some weird stuff here.  We have to do iterate =
through each paragraph, but=0A=
        // for performance reasons, on large pages we need to pause a ms =
between iterations. So:=0A=
        // 1) we get all "paragraph" elements=0A=
        // 2) we execute the "loopdloop" function, which every ms passes =
all the paras to paraLoop=0A=
        // 3) paraLoop does all the positioning of the reference portlets=0A=
        // 4) When loopdloop is done, it calls hideInterfering, which =
hides any portlets =0A=
        //    that overlap existing ones=0A=
=0A=
        // First make a hash of all of the CRBs indexed by their @rid =
attributes.=0A=
        var crbs =3D $j('div.cited-ref');=0A=
        var numCrbs =3D crbs.length;=0A=
        //console.info("Number of crbs is " + numCrbs);=0A=
=0A=
        var crbsByRid =3D {};=0A=
        for (var i =3D 0; i < numCrbs; ++i) {=0A=
            var crb =3D crbs[i];=0A=
            //console.info("crb is " + crb.toString());=0A=
            var jcrb =3D $j(crb);=0A=
            //console.info("jcrb is " + jcrb.toString());=0A=
            var rid =3D jcrb.attr('rid');=0A=
            //console.info("@rid is '" + rid + "'");=0A=
            crbsByRid[rid] =3D jcrb;=0A=
        }=0A=
=0A=
        //var paraLoop =3D function(crb) {=0A=
        //    var jcrb =3D $j(crb);=0A=
        //    var paraRid =3D jcrb.attr('rid');=0A=
        //    var p =3D $j('#' + paraRid);=0A=
        var paraLoop =3D function(para) {=0A=
            //console.group('para');=0A=
            var p =3D $j(para);=0A=
            //console.info(p[0]);=0A=
=0A=
            // Get the @id attribute, and from that, look up the CRB.=0A=
            var paraId =3D p.attr('id');=0A=
            //console.info("paragraph @id is " + paraId);=0A=
            var jcrb =3D crbsByRid[paraId];=0A=
=0A=
            if (jcrb) {=0A=
                //console.info("jcrb is " + jcrb.toString());=0A=
=0A=
                // if a 'paragraph' has an associated portlet, it will =
have a 'cite' attribute on it=0A=
                // CFM:  taking this check out, the @cite attribute is =
going away, see PMC-5595:=0A=
                //var citeAttr =3D p.attr('cite');=0A=
                //if (citeAttr) {=0A=
=0A=
                // Get the number of unique references per paragraph.  =
This could be more than the=0A=
                // max shown in portlet.=0A=
                // CFM:  Now, getting this info from the crb, not the =
paragraph, because the @pmids=0A=
                // attribute will be going away from the paragraph, see =
PMC-5595.=0A=
//              var numRefs =3D p.attr('pmids').split(' ').length;=0A=
                var numRefs =3D jcrb.attr('pmids').split(' ').length;=0A=
                //console.info("numRefs is " + numRefs);=0A=
=0A=
                // get paragraph dims. We need these to position portlet =
to paragraph=0A=
                var pPos =3D p.position();=0A=
                var pPosX =3D pPos.left;=0A=
=0A=
                 // needs to be a number because we will add/subtract =
margin=0A=
                var pPosY =3D parseInt(pPos.top);=0A=
                var pPosH =3D p.height();=0A=
=0A=
                // Get paragraph top and bottom margins.  We need to =
account for these when calculating =0A=
                // reference portlet placement. Margin is not accounted =
for when getting an element's =0A=
                // height, but it does affect appearance of element's =
dimensions when there is no border.=0A=
                var pMarT =3D parseInt(p.css('marginTop'));=0A=
                var pMarB =3D parseInt(p.css('marginBottom'));=0A=
=0A=
                // Get associated portlet from 'cited' attribute, we can =
now safely overwrite portN =0A=
                // variable from beginning of script.=0A=
                // CFM:  change from using 'portN' to using the variable =
'jcrb', from above.=0A=
                //var portN =3D $j('#' + citeAttr);=0A=
                //var refNodes =3D portN.find('li');=0A=
                var refNodes =3D jcrb.find('li');=0A=
                var numRefsInP =3D refNodes.length;=0A=
                //console.info("numRefsInP is " + numRefsInP);=0A=
=0A=
                // Set styles on portlet node to align to paragraph=0A=
                // We set portlet node to position: absolute in the css =
file, because that is more=0A=
                // efficient than setting it in JavaScript, and that =
property does not change.=0A=
//              portN.css( {=0A=
                jcrb.css( {=0A=
                    'top': pPosY + pMarT + 2 + 'px', // Add an xtra 2px, =
otherwise it appears too low=0A=
                    'left': leftPos + 'px'=0A=
                });=0A=
=0A=
                // Calculate how many refs will fit per paragraph and if =
we need the =0A=
                // 'See more articles cited in this paragraph' link. =0A=
                var refsFit =3D null;=0A=
                var needAllLink =3D false;=0A=
                if (numRefs > MAXREFS || numRefs * firstRefH >=3D pPosH =
- pMarB) {=0A=
                    //console.info('more links than allowed, OR links =
allowed are higher than paragraph height');=0A=
                    refsFit =3D Math.floor( pPosH / (firstRefH + =
firstSeeAllH) );=0A=
                    needAllLink =3D true;=0A=
                    if (refsFit > MAXREFS) {=0A=
                        refsFit =3D MAXREFS;=0A=
                    }=0A=
                    //console.info('refsFit: ' + refsFit);=0A=
                } else {=0A=
                    //console.info('all refs in para fit');=0A=
                    refsFit =3D numRefs;=0A=
                    //console.info('refsFit: ' + refsFit);=0A=
                }=0A=
=0A=
                var aSeeArticles =3D jcrb.find('a.all-articles');=0A=
                if (!needAllLink) {=0A=
                    aSeeArticles.hide();=0A=
                }=0A=
                else if (refsFit =3D=3D 0) {=0A=
                    // If the visible number of links is zero, then =
change the text from=0A=
                    // "See more articles ..." to just "See articles =
...".=0A=
                    // See PMC-6076.=0A=
                    var seeMoreT =3D aSeeArticles.text();=0A=
                    aSeeArticles.text( seeMoreT.replace(/more /, "") );=0A=
                    // After all, we decided that we'd rather just not =
see it:=0A=
                    jcrb.hide();=0A=
                }=0A=
=0A=
                //console.info('need to take off refs:');=0A=
                // how many references (lis) from the portlet do we need =
to hide?=0A=
                var takeOff =3D numRefsInP - refsFit;=0A=
                //console.info(takeOff);=0A=
=0A=
                if ( takeOff > 0 ) {=0A=
                    // we need to take off some nodes, loop through li =
nodes in reverse order and hide them=0A=
                    for (var i =3D numRefsInP - 1; i >=3D refsFit; i--) {=0A=
                        $j(refNodes[i]).hide();=0A=
                    }=0A=
                } // end if we need to take off nodes=0A=
=0A=
                // we now need to add mouseovers on reference links that =
are not hidden. We get the text=0A=
                // from the title attribute of the link=0A=
                //var elems2 =3D portN.find('a.popnode:visible');=0A=
                var elems2 =3D jcrb.find('a.popnode:visible');=0A=
                //console.info(elems2);=0A=
=0A=
                if (elems2.length > 0) {=0A=
                    addPopper2(elems2, 0);=0A=
                }=0A=
=0A=
            } // end if jcrb=0A=
=0A=
            // Now, we are back touching on each paragraph, regardless =
whether there =0A=
            // are links with pmids or not we need to get all the =
reference links per =0A=
            // paragraph and do the mouseover which links to reference =
section at the=0A=
            // bottom of the page.  This is a little Eric trick for =
performance. We get =0A=
            // the links in the paragraph and create our own custom loop =
and setTimeout =0A=
            // for each link.  This allows "multithreading" and doesn't =
lock up the =0A=
            // browser.=0A=
            var elems =3D p.find('a.cite-reflink');=0A=
            if (elems.length > 0) {=0A=
                addPopper(elems, 0);=0A=
            }=0A=
=0A=
            //console.groupEnd('para');=0A=
        }; // end paraloop function=0A=
=0A=
        var hideInterfering =3D function(){=0A=
            // At this point all reference divs are positioned in =
document. We now check that =0A=
            // the first two reference portlets (which were already =
queried for in beginning =0A=
            // of the script don't interfere with any other portlets =
that may be at the top of =0A=
            // column.  Loop thru them and compare them against what =
exists in portRanges=0A=
            if (portsInPage =3D=3D=3D true) {=0A=
                portNodes.each( function() {=0A=
                    var citedRefJ =3D $j(this);=0A=
                    // We refer to portRanges, which is an obj in which =
we stored dims of existing=0A=
                    // portlets before positioning reference portlets=0A=
                    for (var i in portRanges){=0A=
                        var range =3D portRanges[i];=0A=
=0A=
                        var existingT =3D range.t;=0A=
                        var existingB =3D range.b;=0A=
=0A=
                        var citedRefT =3D citedRefJ.position().top;=0A=
=0A=
                        // This is the parameter to the rectIntersect =
helper func defined in the beginning=0A=
                        // of the script.  It contains top and bottom =
dims for two rectanges.  The=0A=
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    ncbi.sg.getInstance().init();                         =20
})();

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