From: Subject: White blood cells from cancer-resistant mice cure cancers in ordinary mice Date: Sat, 13 May 2006 14:00:55 +0200 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/related; type="text/html"; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0000_01C67695.A75CA870" X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2900.2869 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C67695.A75CA870 Content-Type: text/html; charset="Windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2006-05/wfub-wbc050306.php White blood cells from cancer-resistant mice cure = cancers in ordinary mice

Public = release date:=20 8-May-2006
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Contact: Robert Conn
rconn@wfubmc.edu
336-716-4587
= Wake Forest = University Baptist=20 Medical Center

White blood cells from cancer-resistant mice cure = cancers in=20 ordinary mice

WINSTON-SALEM, N.C. =96 White blood cells from = a strain of=20 cancer-resistant mice cured advanced cancers in ordinary laboratory = mice,=20 researchers at Wake Forest University School of Medicine reported today. =

"Even highly aggressive forms of malignancy with extremely large = tumors were=20 eradicated," Zheng Cui, M.D., Ph.D., and colleagues reported in this = week's=20 on-line edition of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.=20

The transplanted white blood cells not only killed existing cancers, = but also=20 protected normal mice from what should have been lethal doses of highly=20 aggressive new cancers.=20

"This is the very first time that this exceptionally aggressive type = of=20 cancer was treated successfully," said Cui. "Never before has this been = done=20 with any other therapy."=20

The original studies on the cancer-resistant mice =96 reported in = 2003 =96 showed=20 that such resistance could be inherited, which had implications for = inheritance=20 of resistance in humans, said Mark C. Willingham, M.D., a pathologist = and=20 co-investigator. "This study shows that you can use this resistant-cell = therapy=20 in mice and that the therapy works. The next step is to understand the = exact way=20 in which it works, and perhaps eventually design such a therapy for = humans."=20

The cancer-resistant mice all stem from a single mouse discovered in = 1999.=20 "The cancer resistance trait so far has been passed to more than 2,000=20 descendants in 14 generations," said Cui, associate professor of = pathology. It=20 also has been bred into three additional mouse strains. About 40 percent = of each=20 generation inherits the protection from cancer.=20

The original group of cancer-resistant mice, also described in = Proceedings of=20 the National Academy of Sciences, successfully fought off a range of = virulent=20 transplanted cancers.=20

"Now we know that we can take white blood cells from this strange = mouse and=20 put them into a normal mouse and these cells will still kill cancers," = said=20 Willingham, professor of pathology and head of the Section on Tumor = Biology.=20 "This is therapy in a mouse that does not have this magical genetic=20 inheritance."=20

The transplanted white blood cells included natural killer cells, and = other=20 white blood cells called neutrophils and macrophages that are part of = the body's=20 "innate immune system." This system forms a first line of host defense = against=20 pathogens, such as bacteria.=20

"Their activation requires no prior exposure, but rather depends on a = pre-determined mechanism to recognize specific patterns on the cancer = cell=20 surface," the researchers said.=20

Moreover, preliminary studies show that the white blood cells also = kill=20 "endogenous" cancers =96 cancers that spring up naturally in the body's = own cells.=20

Cui and Willingham said the research produced many other surprises. = For one=20 thing, if a virulent tumor was planted in a normal mouse's back, and the = transplanted white blood cells were injected into the mouse's abdomen, = the cells=20 still found the cancer without harming normal cells. The kind of cancer = didn't=20 seem to matter.=20

A single injection of cancer-resistant macrophages offered long-term=20 protection for the entire lifespan of the recipient mouse, something = very=20 unexpected, they said.=20

"The potency and selectivity for cancer cells are so high that, if we = learned=20 the mechanism, it would give us hope that this would work in humans," = said Cui.=20 "This would suggest that cancer cells send out a signal, but normal = white blood=20 cells can't find them."=20

Cui said the findings "suggest a cancer-host relationship that may = point in a=20 new therapeutic direction in which adverse side effects of treatment are = minimal."=20

The next steps include understanding the molecular mechanism. "The = real key=20 is finding the mutation, which is an ongoing investigation in = collaboration with=20 several other laboratories," said Willingham.=20

Cui, Willingham and their colleagues also showed that highly purified = natural=20 killer cells, macrophages and neutrophils taken from the = cancer-resistant mice=20 killed many different types of cancer cells in laboratory studies in = test tubes.=20

Besides Cui and Willingham, the team includes Amy M. Hicks, Ph.D., = Anne M.=20 Sanders, B.S., Holly M. Weir, M.S., Wei Du, M.D., and Joseph Kim, B.A., = from=20 pathology, Greg Riedlinger, B.S., from cancer biology, Martha A.=20 Alexander-Miller, Ph.D., from microbiology and immunology, Mark J. = Pettenati,=20 Ph.D., and C. Von Kap-Herr, M. Sc., from medical genetics, and Andrew = J.G.=20 Simpson, Ph.D., and Lloyd J. Old, M.D., of the Ludwig Institute for = Cancer=20 Research in New York.=20

###

The primary support for the research came from the Cancer Research = Institute,=20 a New York based group founded to foster the science of cancer = immunology, on=20 the premise that the body's immune system can be mobilized against = cancer. The=20 research also had support from the National Cancer Institute and the = Charlotte=20 Geyer Foundation.=20

Media Contacts: Robert Conn, rconn@wfubmc.edu, Shannon Koontz, = shkoontz@wfubmc.edu, or Karen = Richardson,=20 krchrdsn@wfubmc.edu, at (336) = 716-4587.=20

EDITORS: Requests for individual interviews are welcome.=20

RADIO & PRINT: A one-hour teleconference will be held from 1:30 = to 2:30=20 p.m. EDT on Friday, May 5. To join the conference, dial (800) 288-8975 = (U.S.=20 calls) or (612) 332-1025 (international calls.) Ask for the "Interview = with Dr.=20 Cui." A high-quality audio file will be available for download two hours = after=20 the teleconference at www1.wfubmc.ed= u/cancer/research/mice/audio=20

TELEVISION: SOT and B-roll will be available via satellite.
Time: = 15:00=20 to 15:15 ET on Friday, May 5.
Satellite: Intelsat A-6 =
Transponder: 16=20
Downlink Frequency: 4020 Horizontal
Satellite interviews can be = scheduled=20 for May 4, 5, 8, 9, 10.=20

PHOTOS (high-resolution) will be available for news media at www1.wfubmc.e= du/cancer/research/mice/photos=20

PDFs of the study are available via email.=20

Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center is an academic health = system=20 comprised of North Carolina Baptist Hospital and Wake Forest University = Health=20 Sciences, which operates the university's School of Medicine. U.S. News = &=20 World Report ranks Wake Forest University School of Medicine 18th in = family=20 medicine, 20th in geriatrics, 25th in primary care and 41st in research = among=20 the nation's medical schools. It ranks 32nd in research funding by the = National=20 Institutes of Health. Almost 150 members of the medical school faculty = are=20 listed in Best Doctors in America.=20

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