From: Subject: Consumption of omega-3 fatty acids unlikely to significantly reduce risk of cancer Date: Tue, 16 May 2006 07:56:55 +0200 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/related; type="text/html"; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0000_01C678BE.4CC9F0E0" X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2900.2869 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C678BE.4CC9F0E0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="Windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2006-01/jaaj-coo011906.php Consumption of omega-3 fatty acids unlikely to = significantly reduce risk of cancer

Public = release date:=20 24-Jan-2006
[ | E-mail Article ]

Contact: Warren Robak
310-451-6913
JAMA and Archives Journals =

Consumption of omega-3 fatty acids unlikely to = significantly=20 reduce risk of cancer

A review of numerous studies finds no strong = evidence=20 indicating a significantly reduced risk of cancer associated with the=20 consumption of omega-3 fatty acids, according to an article in the = January 25=20 issue of JAMA.=20

Epidemiological studies have suggested that groups of people who = consume=20 diets high in omega-3 fatty acids, found in certain fish and vegetables, = may=20 experience a lower prevalence of some types of cancer, according to = background=20 information in the article. Many small trials have attempted to assess = the=20 effects of omega-3 fatty acids on cancer treatment by adding omega-3 = fatty acid=20 to the diet either as omega-3 fatty acid=96rich foods or as dietary = supplements.=20 Because of the results of some studies, a number of omega-3 fatty=20 acid=96containing dietary supplements have appeared on the market = claiming to=20 protect against the development of a variety of conditions including = cancer,=20 even though studies have reported mixed results.=20

Catherine H. MacLean, M.D., Ph.D., of RAND Health, Santa Monica, = Calif., and=20 colleagues assessed the validity of claims that omega-3 fatty acids = prevent=20 cancer by systematically reviewing the literature for studies that = evaluated the=20 effect of omega-3 fatty acids on the incidence of cancer. Using several=20 databases and other sources, the researchers identified 38 articles, = published=20 between 1966 to October 2005, which met the study criteria. Reviewers=20 independently abstracted detailed data about the incidence of cancer, = the type=20 of cancer, the number and characteristics of the patients, details on = the=20 exposure to omega-3 fatty acids, and the elapsed time between the = intervention=20 and outcome measurements.=20

The researchers found: "Among 65 estimates of association calculated = across=20 20 different cohorts for 11 different types of cancer and 6 different = ways to=20 assess omega-3 fatty acid consumption, only 10 are statistically = significant.=20 Significant associations between omega-3 fatty acid consumption and = cancer risk=20 were reported for breast cancer in 4 studies; for colorectal cancer in = 1; for=20 lung cancer in 2; for prostate cancer in 2; and for skin cancer in 1. = However,=20 for each breast, lung, and prostate cancer, there were significant = associations=20 for both increased risk and decreased risk and far more estimates that = did not=20 demonstrate any association. The study that assessed skin cancer risk = found a=20 significantly increased risk. Hence, no trend was found across many = different=20 cohorts and many different categories of omega-3 fatty acid consumption = to=20 suggest that omega-3 fatty acids reduce overall cancer risk."=20

"=85 omega-3 fatty acids appear not to affect a mechanism of cancer = development=20 that is common across the different types of cancers evaluated in this = report.=20 Likewise, there is little to suggest that omega-3 fatty acids reduce the = risk of=20 any single type of cancer," they write.=20

"A large body of literature spanning numerous cohorts from many = countries and=20 with different demographic characteristics did not provide evidence to = suggest a=20 significant association between omega-3 fatty acids and cancer = incidence.=20 Dietary supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids is unlikely to reduce = the risk=20 of cancer," the researchers conclude.=20

###

(JAMA. 2006;295:403-415. Available pre-embargo to the media at http://www.jamamedia.org/)=20

Editor's Note: Supported by the Agency of Health Care Policy and = Research=20 Quality (AHRQ). Dr. MacLean is a Veterans Health Administration Health = Services=20 Research and Development Career Development Awardee.=20

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