From: Subject: Carcinogens from parents' tobacco smoke found in their babies' urine Date: Sat, 13 May 2006 13:02:55 +0200 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/related; type="text/html"; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0000_01C6768D.8D510000" X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2900.2869 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C6768D.8D510000 Content-Type: text/html; charset="Windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2006-05/aafc-cfp051006.php Carcinogens from parents' tobacco smoke found in = their babies' urine

Public = release date:=20 12-May-2006
[ | E-mail Article ]

Contact: Russell Vanderboom, Ph.D.
vanderboom@aacr.org
215-440-93= 00
American Association = for Cancer=20 Research

Carcinogens from parents' tobacco smoke found in their = babies'=20 urine

PHILADELPHIA -- When mom or dad puffs on a = cigarette,=20 their infants may inhale the resulting second-hand smoke. Now, = scientists have=20 detected cancer-causing chemicals associated with tobacco smoke in the = urine of=20 nearly half the babies of smoking parents.=20

"The take home message is, 'Don't smoke around your kids,'" said = Stephen S.=20 Hecht, Ph.D., professor and Wallin Chair of Cancer Prevention at The = Cancer=20 Center at the University of Minnesota.=20

According to a study of 144 infants, published in the May issue of = Cancer=20 Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, Hecht and his colleagues = found=20 detectable levels of NNAL* in urine from 47 percent of babies exposed to = environmental tobacco carcinogens from cigarette smoking family members. = NNAL is=20 a cancer-causing chemical produced in the human body as it processes = NNK**, a=20 carcinogenic chemical specific to tobacco.=20

"The level of NNAL detected in the urine of these infants was higher = than in=20 most other field studies of environmental tobacco smoke in children and = adults,"=20 Hecht said.=20

"NNAL is an accepted biomarker for uptake of the tobacco-specific = carcinogen=20 NNK. You don't find NNAL in urine except in people who are exposed to = tobacco=20 smoke, whether they are adults, children, or infants."=20

A previous study by Hecht and his colleagues indicated that the first = urine=20 from newborns whose mothers smoked during pregnancy contained as much as = one-third more NNAL compared to the babies in the current study. The = newborn=20 infants, however, took in the carcinogen directly from their mothers = through=20 their placentas rather than by breathing second-hand smoke in the air in = their=20 family homes and cars.=20

In the current study, when babies had detectable levels of NNAL, = Hecht said=20 that family members smoked an average of 76 cigarettes per week, in = their home=20 or car while the babies were present. In children of smokers whose = babies had=20 undetectable levels of NNAL in their urine, the average number of = cigarettes=20 smoked by family members was reported at 27 per week.=20

"With more sensitive analytical equipment, the NNAL from urine of = babies in=20 lower frequency cigarette smoking households would most likely be = detectable,"=20 Hecht said.=20

While studies have not determined how the long term risk of exposure = to=20 cancer-causing tobacco smoke affects the genetics of babies during their = early=20 years when they are growing rapidly, Hecht said that this study = demonstrated=20 substantial uptake of NNK and its metabolite NNAL in infants exposed to=20 environmental tobacco smoke.=20

"These findings support the concept that persistent exposure to = environmental=20 tobacco smoke in childhood could be related to cancer later in life," he = said.=20

###

Hecht conducted his study in collaboration with Steven G. Carmella, = Ky-Ahn=20 Le, Sharon E. Murphy, Angela J. Boettcher, Chap Le, Joseph Koopmeiners, = Larry=20 An, and Deborah J. Hennrikus from the Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use = Research=20 Center and The Cancer Center, University of Minnesota.=20

* 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol
**=20 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone=20

The mission of the American Association for Cancer Research is to = prevent and=20 cure cancer. Founded in 1907, AACR is the world's oldest and largest=20 professional organization dedicated to advancing cancer research. The = membership=20 includes more than 24,000 basic, translational, and clinical = researchers; health=20 care professionals; and cancer survivors and advocates in the United = States and=20 more than 60 other countries. AACR marshals the full spectrum of = expertise from=20 the cancer community to accelerate progress in the prevention, diagnosis = and=20 treatment of cancer through high-quality scientific and educational = programs. It=20 funds innovative, meritorious research grants. The AACR Annual Meeting = attracts=20 more than 17,000 participants who share the latest discoveries and = developments=20 in the field. Special Conferences throughout the year present novel data = across=20 a wide variety of topics in cancer research, treatment, and patient = care. AACR=20 publishes five major peer-reviewed journals: Cancer Research; = Clinical Cancer=20 Research; Molecular Cancer Therapeutics; Molecular Cancer Research; = and=20 Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. Its most recent = publication, CR, is a magazine for cancer survivors, patient = advocates,=20 their families, physicians, and scientists. It provides a forum for = sharing=20 essential, evidence-based information and perspectives on progress in = cancer=20 research, survivorship, and advocacy.=20

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