| 1: AJNR
Am J Neuroradiol. 2006 Apr;27(4):818-21. |
|
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Cystic extramedullary ependymoma.
Graca
J, Gultasli
N, D'Haene
N, Brotchi
J, Salmon
I, Baleriaux
D.
Department of Neuroradiology, Erasme University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.
Intradural extramedullary location of ependymoma is rare. To the best of our
knowledge, only 9 cases have been described in the literature. We report a
case of a histologically confirmed ependymoma (WHO grade II) presented in
the MR imaging as a cystic, nonenhancing thoracic intradural extramedullary
lesion compressing the spinal cord. The cystic appearance mimicking an
arachnoid cyst at diagnosis and the leptomeningeal dissemination developed
later were peculiarities that have never been previously described in
relation to these rare tumors.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16611771 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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| 2: AJNR
Am J Neuroradiol. 2006 Apr;27(4):806-9. |
|
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Longitudinal MR spectroscopic imaging of pediatric
diffuse pontine tumors to assess tumor aggression and progression.
Thakur
SB, Karimi
S, Dunkel
IJ, Koutcher
JA, Huang
W.
Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New
York, NY, USA.
Two pediatric patients with diffuse pontine tumors underwent MR
spectroscopic imaging pre- and postradiation. Choline/creatine (Cho/Cr) and
Cho/N-acetylaspartate (NAA) ratios were elevated before treatment, with no
MR imaging contrast enhancement. These ratios were further elevated at 2
posttreatment follow-up studies, despite signs of excellent clinical
improvement at initial follow-up. This study suggests that MR spectroscopic
imaging is more specific in assessing the aggressiveness of diffuse pontine
tumors than conventional MR imaging and can serve as a valuable tool in
early prognostication.
PMID: 16611768 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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| 3: AJNR
Am J Neuroradiol. 2006 Apr;27(4):786-93. |
|
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Diffusion tensor imaging of tract involvement in children
with pontine tumors.
Helton
KJ, Phillips
NS, Khan
RB, Boop
FA, Sanford
RA, Zou
P, Li
CS, Langston
JW, Ogg
RJ.
Department of Radiological Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital,
Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Conventional MR imaging permits subcategorization of
brain stem tumors by location and focality; however, assessment of white
matter tract involvement by tumor is limited. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)
is a promising method for visualizing white matter tract tumor involvement
supratentorially. We investigated the ability of DTI to visualize and
quantify white matter tract involvement in pontine tumors. METHODS AND
MATERIALS: DTI data (echo-planar, 1.5T) were retrospectively analyzed in 7
patients with pontine tumors (6 diffuse, 1 focal), 4 patient controls, and 5
normal volunteers. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion
coefficient (ADC) were calculated from the diffusion tensor in 6 regions of
interest: bilateral corticospinal tracts, transverse pontine fibers, and
medial lemnisci. Relationships between FA and ADC values and results of the
neurologic examinations were evaluated. RESULTS: The corticospinal tracts
and transverse pontine fibers were affected more often than the medial
lemnisci. The DTI parameters (FA and ADC) were significantly altered in all
tracts of patients with pontine tumors (P < .05), compared with those
values in the control groups. A marginally significant (P = .057)
association was seen between the severity of cranial nerve deficit and
decreased FA. CONCLUSION: DTI provided superior visualization and
quantification of tumor involvement in motor, sensory, and transverse
pontine tracts, compared with information provided by conventional MR
imaging. Thus, DTI may be a sensitive measure of tract invasion. Further
prospective studies are warranted to assess the ability of DTI to delineate
tumor focality and improve risk stratification in children with pontine
tumors.
PMID: 16611765 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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| 4: Acta Cytol. 2006 Jul-Aug;50(4):446-8. |
|
Crush cytology of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma.
Chen
KT.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16901012 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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| 5: Ann Neurol. 2006 Jul;60(1):3-11. |
|
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The neurobiology of neurooncology.
Read
TA, Hegedus
B, Wechsler-Reya
R, Gutmann
DH.
Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical
Center, Durham, NC, USA.
The histological classification of brain tumors currently is based on the
morphological appearance and protein expression patterns that reflect
specific cell types within the central nervous system. Recent studies have
suggested that the cells of origin for brain tumors may persist in the fully
formed tumors, and that these "cancer stem cells" might represent
the relevant cellular targets for anticancer therapy. In this regard,
insights into the developmental neurobiology of brain tumors has significant
impact on our understanding of the molecular and cellular pathogenesis of
these devastating cancers, as well as the development of new strategies for
treating brain tumors.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16802285 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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| 6: Arch
Pathol Lab Med. 2006 Aug;130(8):1233-5. |
|
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Review of pineal anlage tumor with divergent histology.
Berns
S, Pearl
G.
Department of Pathology, Orlando Regional Healthcare System/M. D. Anderson
Cancer Center, Orlando, Fla, USA. stephenmberns@hotmail.com
Pineal anlage tumor is an extremely rare tumor that is not listed in the
2000 World Health Organization Classification of nervous system tumors. It
has been defined as a primary pineal tumor with both neuroepithelial and
ectomesenchymal differentiation and without endodermal differentiation. We
review the literature on this tumor, including the clinical presentation,
gross pathology, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, differential
diagnosis, and prognosis.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16879032 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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| 7: Arch
Pathol Lab Med. 2006 Aug;130(8):1208-11. |
|
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Gliosarcoma with features of osteoblastic osteosarcoma: a
review.
Barresi
V, Cerasoli
S, Morigi
F, Cremonini
AM, Volpini
M, Tuccari
G.
Department of Human Pathology, Policlinico Universitario G. Martino, Via
ConsolareValeria, Messina, Italy. valeriabarresi@hotmail.com
CONTEXT: Gliosarcoma is a rare tumor of the central nervous system
characterized by a biphasic histologic pattern, consisting of a gliomatous
and a sarcomatous component, respectively. In most instances the sarcomatous
component is represented by a fibrosarcoma, but other stromal malignancies
have also been described. Osteosarcomatous differentiation in gliosarcoma
has been rarely reported. OBJECTIVE: To review characteristic radiologic and
histopathologic features of this rare neoplasm, to debate about possible
differential diagnoses that should be taken into consideration, and to
provide an overview of the potential histopathogenesis of gliosarcomas. DATA
SOURCES: Relevant articles indexed in PubMed (National Library of Medicine)
and reference medical texts. CONCLUSIONS: Recent molecular studies suggest
that sarcomatous and gliomatous components of gliosarcoma might be derived
from a single precursor cell clone, progressing in 2 subclones with distinct
morphologic features during tumor evolution. Nonetheless, events determining
splitting of the original clone into 2 histologic populations remain to be
investigated.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16879025 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]4
 Abstract
|  Full
Text |  Reprint
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| 8: Can
J Anaesth. 2006 Mar;53(3):316-21. |
|
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Magnesium in the management of catecholamine-secreting
glomus tumours with intracranial extension.
Goutcher
CM, Cossar
DF, Ratnasabapathy
U, Burke
AM.
Department of Neuroanaesthesia, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Southern
General Hospital, 1345 Govan Road, Glasgow, G51 4TF, United Kingdom.
c.goutcher@ntlworld.com
PURPOSE: Catecholamine-secreting glomus jugulare tumours are uncommon and
their anesthetic management can be challenging. The authors present the
first description of the use of magnesium sulfate in the management of two
patients with catecholamine-secreting glomus jugulare tumours where there
was significant intracranial extension. CLINICAL FEATURES: Patient 1
underwent a transmastoid transoccipital excision of a catecholamine-secreting
glomus tumour. He exhibited marked hemodynamic instability after handling of
the tumour began, which was not controlled by sodium nitroprusside. Improved
hemodynamic stability was seen after the patient received magnesium sulfate.
Patient 2 also underwent a transmastoid transoccipital excision of a
catecholamine-secreting glomus tumour. Magnesium sulfate was commenced prior
to tumour handling and continued until the tumour was removed. The patient
remained hemodynamically stable. Sodium nitroprusside was not required.
CONCLUSION: Magnesium sulfate may be useful in preventing or minimizing the
blood pressure changes associated with handling during excision of
catecholamine-secreting glomus jugulare tumours. It may be of particular
benefit in patients where there is significant intracranial extension.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16527799 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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| 9: J
Clin Oncol. 2006 Sep 1;24(25):4202-8. |
|
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Phase III study of craniospinal radiation therapy
followed by adjuvant chemotherapy for newly diagnosed average-risk
medulloblastoma.
Packer
RJ, Gajjar
A, Vezina
G, Rorke-Adams
L, Burger
PC, Robertson
PL, Bayer
L, LaFond
D, Donahue
BR, Marymont
MH, Muraszko
K, Langston
J, Sposto
R.
Division of Neurology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC
20010, USA. rpacker@cnmc.org
PURPOSE: To determine the event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival of
children with average-risk medulloblastoma and treated with reduced-dose
craniospinal radiotherapy (CSRT) and one of two postradiotherapy
chemotherapies. METHODS: Four hundred twenty-one patients between 3 years
and 21 years of age with nondisseminated medulloblastoma (MB) were
prospectively randomly assigned to treatment with 23.4 Gy of CSRT, 55.8 Gy
of posterior fossa RT, plus one of two adjuvant chemotherapy regimens:
lomustine (CCNU), cisplatin, and vincristine; or cyclophosphamide, cisplatin,
and vincristine. Results Forty-two of 421 patients enrolled were excluded
from analysis. Sixty-six of the remaining 379 patients had incompletely
assessable postoperative studies. Five-year EFS and survival for the cohort
of 379 patients was 81% +/- 2.1% and 86% +/- 9%, respectively (median
follow-up over 5 years). EFS was unaffected by sex, race, age, treatment
regimen, brainstem involvement, or excessive anaplasia. EFS was
detrimentally affected by neuroradiographic unassessability. Patients with
areas of frank dissemination had a 5-year EFS of 36% +/- 15%. Sixty-seven
percent of progressions had some component of dissemination. There were
seven second malignancies. Infections occurred more frequently on the
cyclophosphamide arm and electrolyte abnormalities were more common on the
CCNU regimen. CONCLUSION: This study discloses an encouraging EFS rate for
children with nondisseminated MB treated with reduced-dose craniospinal
radiation and chemotherapy. Additional, careful, step-wise reductions in
CSRT in adequately staged patients may be possible.
PMID: 16943538 [PubMed - in process]3
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| 10: J Neurooncol. 2006 Aug 31; [Epub ahead of print] |
|
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Distinct patterns of hypoxic expression of carbonic
anhydrase IX (CA IX) in human malignant glioma cell lines.
Said
HM, Staab
A, Hagemann
C, Vince
GH, Katzer
A, Flentje
M, Vordermark
D.
Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Wuerzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str.
11, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany, Said_h@klinik.uni-wuerzburg.de.
The hypoxia-inducible enzyme carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) has recently been
discussed as a surrogate marker of tumor hypoxia, an indicator of prognosis
and a potential therapeutic target in malignant glioma. To characterize
patterns of expression of CA IX in human malignant glioma cells, we studied
CA IX protein, CA9 mRNA and hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha)
protein levels in U87-MG, U251, U373 and GaMG cells exposed to in vitro
hypoxia (1, 6 or 24 h at 5%, 1% or 0.1% O(2)). All cell lines displayed a
strong hypoxic induction of CA9 mRNA in response to prolonged severe hypoxia
with cell-line specific patterns at moderate to mild hypoxia and shorter
treatment times. Only U87-MG exhibited a strong constitutive, normoxic
expression of CA IX protein without a detectable change under hypoxia. In
U251 and GaMG cell lines, a marked induction of CA IX protein in response to
severe hypoxia was seen. CA IX changes under severe hypoxia and the
inhibitory effect of the glycolysis inhibitor iodoacetate (IAA, 50 microM)
on hypoxic CA IX overexpression were paralleled by the results for
HIF-1alpha protein. Therefore, immunohistochemical CA IX staining in human
malignant glioma specimens can result from low oxygen concentrations or
constitutive, oncogene-related, overexpression both of which may be
prognostically relevant.
PMID: 16944313 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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| 11: J Neurooncol. 2006 Aug 31; [Epub ahead of print] |
|
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Prevention of early postoperative seizures in patients
with primary brain tumors: preliminary experience with oxcarbazepine.
Mauro
AM, Bomprezzi
C, Morresi
S, Provinciali
L, Formica
F, Iacoangeli
M, Scerrati
M.
Neurology Unit, Department of Neurological and Motor Science, Polytechnic
University of Marche, Via Conca 71, I-60020, Ancona, Italy, mauro_annamaria@libero.it.
Early postoperative seizures are defined as those that appear within the
first week after surgery and are a well-known and feared complication in
patients with supratentorial brain tumors. Few studies have investigated the
value of pharmacological prophylaxis in the prevention of postoperative
seizures in these patients and their outcome has not been consistent.
Furthermore, the efficacy of the new generation of antiepileptic agents in
the prophylaxis of perioperative seizures has not been assessed so far. We
analyzed the data related to 150 patients harboring supratentorial brain
gliomas with the aim to assess the efficacy of oxcarbazepine in preventing
the occurrence or the recurrence of early postoperative seizures and its
tolerability when it is rapidly titrated. Only four patients (2.7%)
experienced seizures within the first week after surgery. Patients did not
report disturbances during the titration phase. Regarding adverse events in
the first week, six patients (4%) showed minor skin rash. Persistent
symptomatic hyponatremia never occurred. Our data showed that oxcarbazepine
can be a good alternative to traditional antiepileptic agents in the
prevention of perioperative seizures being efficacy, ease of use (rapid
titration in 3 days, not requiring close plasma concentration monitoring)
and good tolerability (no major side effects during titration and during the
first postoperative week) the key factors. Moreover, oxcarbazepine can be a
valid choice when long-term therapy is required because of the low
interaction with other drugs and the low hematological side effects.
PMID: 16944312 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]3
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| 12: J Neurooncol. 2006 Aug 31; [Epub ahead of print] |
|
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Assessment of verbal working memory before and after
surgery for low-grade glioma.
Teixidor
P, Gatignol
P, Leroy
M, Masuet-Aumatell
C, Capelle
L, Duffau
H.
Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Ctra del Canyet
s/n, 08916, Badalona (Barcelona), Spain.
OBJECT: While scarcely reported in low-grade glioma (LGG), accurate
assessment of higher functions is essential to evaluate then preserve the
quality of life. We assessed verbal working memory (vWM) in patients with
LGG in language areas, before and after surgery, to evaluate the effect of
glioma and resection on cognition, respectively. METHODS: About 23 patients
harboring a LGG in language areas underwent awake surgery. All patients had
a vWM assessment, before and immediately after the resection, in addition to
KPS. vWM was also evaluated 3 months after surgery in eight patients (KPS in
all cases), who performed postoperative rehabilitation. RESULTS:
Preoperatively, 91% of patients had vWM disorders (KPS >/=90 in 22
patients). Immediately after surgery, 96% of patients had vWM worsening (50%
of KPS >/=90). At 3 months, among the eight patients examinated, five
recovered their preoperative vWM score, and three significantly improved it
(KPS >/=90 in 23 patients). CONCLUSION: In LGG, neuropsychological
assessment is encouraged in addition to KPS. vWM evaluation before treatment
showed that most patients had a cognitive deficit. Moreover, surgery induced
a transient vWM worsening, which nevertheless recovers within 3 months.
Specific rehabilitation might help to recover and even to improve the
preoperative cognitive status.
PMID: 16944311 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]4
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| 13: J Neurooncol. 2006 Aug 31; [Epub ahead of print] |
|
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Functional compensation of the claustrum: lessons from
low-grade glioma surgery.
Duffau
H, Mandonnet
E, Gatignol
P, Capelle
L.
Department of Neurosurgery and Inserm U678, Hopital Salpetriere, 47-83
Boulevard de l'hopital, 75651, Paris, Cedex 13, France, hugues.duffau@psl.ap-hop-paris.fr.
PMID: 16944310 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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| 14: J Neurooncol. 2006 Aug 31; [Epub ahead of print] |
|
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Early necrosis following concurrent Temodar and
radiotherapy in patients with glioblastoma.
Chamberlain
MC, Glantz
MJ, Chalmers
L, Van
Horn A, Sloan
AE.
Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and
Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Avenue, Tampa, FL, 33612-0804, USA,
ChambeMC@moffitt.usf.edu.
Concurrent temozolomide (TMZ) and radiotherapy is the new standard of care
for patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. In 51 consecutive patients
treated according to this regimen, 7 patients (14%) manifested surgically
confirmed early necrosis without evidence of recurrent tumor. This
observation suggests that daily TMZ may represent a potent radiosensitizing
regimen.
PMID: 16944309 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]4
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| 15: J Neurooncol. 2006 Aug 29; [Epub ahead of print] |
|
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LRRC4 controls in vitro invasion of glioblastoma cells
through inhibiting RPTP-zeta expression.
Wu
M, Gan
K, Huang
C, Tang
Y, Chen
Q, Tang
K, Li
X, Shen
S, Li
G.
Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, 110# Xiang-Ya Road,
Changsha , 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China, ligy@xysm.net.
LRRC4 (leucine rich repeat containing 4), a novel member of LRP (Leucine-rich
repeat protein) superfamily, contains a conserved leucine-rich repeat (LRR)
cassette and an immunoglobulin-like (IgC2) domain in its extracellular
region. In the present study, we demonstrated that the N and C terminal LRR
(LRRNT and LRRCT) are requisite for membrane and cytoplasm location of LRRC4
in Cos7 cells. We also suggested that RPTP-zeta (receptor-type protein
tyrosine phosphatase) receptor is relevant to the invasion ability of
gliomas cells, and its expression is inhibited by the reexpression of LRRC4.
Our observations indicated that LRRC4 may be a negative regulator of the
RPTP-zeta receptor, and contribute to suppressing the invasion ability of
gliomas cells.
PMID: 16941076 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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| 16: J Neurooncol. 2006 Aug 29; [Epub ahead of print] |
|
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TGF-beta2 inhibition augments the effect of tumor vaccine
and improves the survival of animals with pre-established brain tumors.
Liu
Y, Wang
Q, Kleinschmidt-Demasters
BK, Franzusoff
A, Ng
KY, Lillehei
KO.
Department of Neurosurgery, C-307, University of Colorado Health Sciences
Center, 4200 East Ninth Avenue, Denver, CO, 80262, USA, Kevin.Lillehei@uchsc.edu.
TGF-beta2 secretion by high grade gliomas has been implicated as one of the
major factors contributing to tumor growth, alterations in the host immune
response to tumor, and failure of gliomas to respond to current
immunotherapy strategies. We hypothesized that targeted delivery and
inhibition of TGF-beta2 by TGF-beta2 antisense oligonucleotides (AS-ODNs)
would overcome tumor-induced immunosuppression and enhance the capacity of
tumor vaccines to eradicate established brain tumors. Utilizing the mRNA
sequences of TGF-beta2, specific AS-ODNs were constructed and tested for
their ability to inhibit TGF-beta2 production in 9L glioma cells. The effect
of combining local intracranial administration of antisense ODNs with
systemic tumor vaccine was examined. Fisher 344 rats were vaccinated
subcutaneously with irradiated 9L tumor cells 3 days after intracranial
tumor implantation. Four days after vaccination, ODNs were administered into
the tumor mass and survival was followed. ODNs delivered locally distributed
widely within the brain tumor mass and inhibited TGF-beta2 expression.
Survival of tumor-bearing rats treated with the combination of local
antisense and systemic tumor vaccine was significantly enhanced (mean
survival time (MST): 48.0 days). In contrast, MST for animals treated with
nonsense plus vaccine, vaccine alone, antisense alone or PBS showed no
survival advantage and no statistical differences between groups (33.5 days,
29.0 days, 37.5 days, and 31.5 days, respectively). Our data supports the
hypothesis that local administration of antisense TGF-beta2 ODNs combined
with systemic vaccination can increase efficacy of immunotherapy and is a
novel, potentially clinically applicable, strategy for high-grade glioma
treatment.
PMID: 16941073 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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| 17: J Neurooncol. 2006 Aug 26; [Epub ahead of print] |
|
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Feasibility and response to
1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidynyl) methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea
hydrochloride chemotherapy with pre-treated procarbazine for elderly
patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma.
Terasaki
M, Abe
T, Miyagi
N, Ogo
E, Shigemori
M.
Department of Neurosurgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi,
Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan, mizuhiko@med.kurume-u.ac.jp.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility of 1-(4-amino- 2-methyl-5-pyrimidynyl)
methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea hydrochloride (ACNU) of pre-treated
procarbazine for elderly patients with newly diagnosed glioblastomas.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: From January 2004 to March 2005, 7 patients with
glioblastoma were enrolled. After maximal surgical resection, patients were
treated with two to four cycles of procarbazine (100 mg/m(2) for day 1 to
5), ACNU (80 mg/m(2)/day(1) for day 5), cepharantine (70 mg for day 5 and
12) and vincristine (1.4 mg/m(2) for day 5 and 12). RESULTS: Significant
toxicities of this regimen, including infectious toxicities, are described.
Among the 7 patients enrolled, there were 6 patients were died, and one was
still alive with disease at 13 months. The 6-month progression-free survival
and 1-year overall survival are 29% (95% CI, 16% to 73%) and 29% (95% CI,
16% to 73%), respectively. CONCLUSION: The chemotherapy regimen is active
but too toxic for elderly patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma.
PMID: 16937011 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]3
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| 18: J Neurooncol. 2006 Apr;77(2):173-6. Epub 2005 Nov 29. |
|
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Primary endodermal sinus tumor of the cerebellar
hemisphere: a case report with review of the literature.
Cheon
HC, Jung
S, Moon
KS, Lee
MC, Kim
IY, Jung
TY, Kim
SH, Kang
SS.
Department of Neurosurgery, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam
National University, Hwasun Hospital & Medical School, Gwang-ju, Korea.
Primary intracranial endodermal sinus tumors, which have been regarded as a
rare histologic subtype, usually arise in the pineal and suprasellar regions
and are often associated with components of other germ cell tumors. We
report an extremely rare case of pure primary endodermal sinus tumor found
in the cerebellar hemisphere. A 3-year-old boy was admitted to our
institution because of gait disturbance, vomiting and deteriorated mental
state. MR imaging revealed the presence of a round mass with heterogeneous
enhancement in the left cerebellar hemisphere. Radical surgical removal of
the tumor was performed, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy, consisting of
etoposide, carboplatin and bleomycin. The patient has since attended regular
follow-ups, without any neurological deficit or signs of recurrence in the 4
years since diagnosis.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16314958 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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| 19: J Neurooncol. 2006 Apr;77(2):219-20. Epub 2005 Nov 15. |
|
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Higher dosing of temozolomide? Regression of an
anaplastic oligoastrocytoma over more than three years.
Koch
D, Wick
W.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16292485 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]3
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| 20: J Neurooncol. 2006 Apr;77(2):125-30. Epub 2005 Nov 15. |
|
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Immunocytochemical detection of 14-3-3 in primary nervous
system tumors.
Cao
WD, Zhang
X, Zhang
JN, Yang
ZJ, Zhen
HN, Cheng
G, Li
B, Gao
D.
Institute of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical
University, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
14-3-3 proteins have attracted much recent interest in the etiopathogenesis
of human cancers owing to their involvement in the prevention of apoptosis.
However, the expression of 14-3-3 in primary nervous system tumors has not
been previously characterized. In this paper, Immunohistochemistry using a
specific anti-14-3-3 antibody was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin
embedded archival tissue from 124 primary human nervous system tumors and 10
normal brain tissues. In the normal control brains, 14-3-3 immunoreactivity
was localized mainly in the neuronal somata and processes, and some glial
cells showed only weak immunoreactivity. However, 14-3-3 immunoreactivity
was seen in the majority of astrocytomas [grade I (9/11), II (16/21), III
(13/17), IV (17/21)]. There was no difference between the positive
expression rates of 14-3-3 in different grades of astrocytomas (P = 0.968).
But the intensity and degree of 14-3-3 immunoreactivity in diffuse
astrocytomas, anaplastic astrocytoma, and glioblastoma multiformes showed
trends with tumor grade, with glioblastomas having the highest positivity (P
= 0.048). The 14-3-3 immunoreactivity was also seen in the majority of other
gliomas [oligodendroglioma (2/3), anaplastic oligodendroglioma (4/4),
ependymoma (1/2), anaplastic ependymoma (2/2), choroid plexus papilloma
(3/3), pineocytoma (2/2), medulloblastoma (5/8)]. All meningiomas [syncytical
(3), fibrous/fibroblastic (4), angiomatous (4), transitional/mixed (3)] were
intensely and diffusely positive. All schwannomas (4), neurofibromas (2),
pituitary adenomas (6) and craniopharyngiomas(4) also showed intense
positive staining. These results showed that 14-3-3 is expressed in the
majority of the primary human nervous system tumors. The up-regulated
expression of 14-3-3 may be a common mechanism for evading apoptosis in most
primary human nervous system tumors, and targeting 14-3-3 may be a novel
promising strategy for the treatment of these tumors, especially for
malignant tumors.
PMID: 16292484 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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| 21: J Neurooncol. 2006 Apr;77(2):153-9. Epub 2005 Nov 15. |
|
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Survivin expression in ganglioglioma.
Rousseau
A, Kujas
M, Bergemer-Fouquet
AM, van
Effenterre R, Hauw
JJ.
Raymond Escourolle Neuropathology Department, Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital,
Paris, France. agrousseau@partners.org
Gangliogliomas are unusual central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms occurring
mainly in children and young adults and inducing chronic pharmacoresistant
epilepsy. These are usually well differentiated neuroepithelial tumors
composed of neurons in association with neoplastic glial cells.
Gangliogliomas present with favorable outcome. However, some may recur
and/or progress to anaplasia and be associated with a dismal prognosis.
Since histopathological features do not consistently correlate with clinical
outcome, reliable prognostic factors have yet to be defined in
gangliogliomas. Survivin is an anti-apoptotic protein whose expression has
been found to be of prognostic significance in many human cancers, including
gliomas. The objective of this study was to assess survivin expression using
immunohistochemistry in 15 gangliogliomas. Ten lesions were low-grade
neoplasms whereas 5 were high-grade tumors. Survivin expression appeared
restricted to the neoplastic glial component and was detected in 6/15
gangliogliomas. Two additional tumors expressed survivin upon relapse. Half
survivin expressing lesions displayed less than 1% immunoreactive cells.
Survivin expression in more than 5% neoplastic glial cells was detected only
in malignant and/or recurrent gangliogliomas. Extended lifespan in survivin
expressing cells might enhance aggressive behavior in these tumors through
accumulation of mutations, thereby allowing progression to malignant
phenotypes. Survivin expression may carry a negative prognostic value in
gangliogliomas.
PMID: 16292482 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]3
-
| 22: J
Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2006 Jul;65(7):675-84. |
|
-
Microarray analysis reveals differential gene expression
patterns in tumors of the pineal region.
Fevre-Montange
M, Champier
J, Szathmari
A, Wierinckx
A, Mottolese
C, Guyotat
J, Figarella-Branger
D, Jouvet
A, Lachuer
J.
University Claude-Bernard Lyon 1, Hopital Neurologique, BP Lyon Montchat,
Lyon, France. montange@lyon.inserm.fr
Several types of tumors are known to originate from the pineal region, among
them pineal parenchymal tumors (PPTs) and papillary tumors of the pineal
region (PTPRs), probably derived from the subcommissural organ. As a result
of their rarity, their histologic diagnosis remains difficult. To identify
molecular markers, using CodeLink oligonucleotide arrays, gene expression
was studied in 3 PPTs (2 pineocytomas and one pineoblastoma), 2 PTPRs, and
one chordoid glioma, another rare tumor of the third ventricle. Because PTPR
and chordoid glioma may present ependymal differentiation, gene expression
was also analyzed in 4 ependymomas. The gene patterns of the 3 PPTs fell in
the same cluster. The pineocytomas showed high expression of TPH, HIOMT, and
genes related to phototransduction in the retina (OPN4, RGS16, and CRB3),
whereas the pineoblastoma showed high expression of UBEC2, SOX4, TERT, TEP1,
PRAME, CD24, POU4F2, and HOXD13. Using reverse transcriptase-polymerase
chain reaction on 13 PPTs, we demonstrated that PRAME, CD24, POU4F2, and
HOXD13 might be candidates for grading PPT with intermediate
differentiation. PTPRs, classified with chordoid glioma and separately from
ependymomas, showed high expression of SPEDF, KRT18, and genes encoding
proteins reported to be expressed in the subcommissural organ, namely ZFH4,
RFX3, TTR, and CGRP. Our results highlight the usefulness of gene expression
profiling for classify tumors of the pineal region and identify genes with
potential use as diagnostic markers.
PMID: 16825954 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
-
| 23: Neuroradiology.
2006 Aug 26; [Epub ahead of print] |
|
-
Comparison of cerebral blood volume and permeability in
preoperative grading of intracranial glioma using CT perfusion imaging.
Ding
B, Ling
HW, Chen
KM, Jiang
H, Zhu
YB.
Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai
Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, ellading@21cn.com.
INTRODUCTION: Regional cerebral blood volume (rCBV) and permeability
surfaces (rPS) permit in vivo assessment of glioma microvasculature, which
provides quite important pathophysiological information in grading gliomas.
The aim of our study was to simultaneously examine rCBV and rPS in glioma
patients to determine their correlation with histological grade using CT
perfusion imaging. METHODS: A total of 22 patients with gliomas underwent
multislice CT perfusion imaging preoperatively. Low-grade and high-grade
groups were categorized corresponding to WHO grade II gliomas and WHO grade
III or IV gliomas, respectively, as determined by histopathological
examination. rCBVs and rPSs were obtained from regions of maximal
abnormality in tumor parenchyma on CBV and PS color perfusion maps.
Perfusion parameters were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test in order to
evaluate the differences in relation to tumor grade. The Pearson
coefficients of rCBV and rPS for each tumor grade were assessed using SPSS
13.0 software. RESULTS: rCBV and rPS provided significant P-value in
differentiating glioma grade (low-grade gliomas 3.28+/-2.01 vs 2.12+/-3.19
ml/100 g/min, high-grade gliomas 8.87+/-4.63 vs 12.11+/-3.18 ml/100 g/min,
P<0.05). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves revealed better
specificity and sensitivity in PS than in CBV for glioma grade. A
significant correlation between rCBV and rPS was observed in high-grade
gliomas (r=0.684). rCBVs in oligodendrogliomas were higher than in other
low-grade gliomas, whereas their rPS values did not show a parallel
difference. CONCLUSION: Perfusion CT provides useful information for glioma
grading and might have the potential to significantly impact clinical
management and follow-up of cerebral gliomas.
PMID: 16937146 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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| 24: Neurosurg
Clin N Am. 2006 Apr;17(2):181-5, vii. |
|
-
Late neoplastic complications after radiation treatments
for benign intracranial tumors.
Rowe
J.
National Centre for Stereotactic Radiosurgery, Royal Hallamshire Hospital,
Sheffield S10 2JF, United Kingdom. Jeremy.Rowe@sth.nhs.uk
There is increasing interest in the use of radiation treatment as an adjunct
or an alternative to microsurgery in the management of a range of
intracranial tumors. Most of these treatments are performed with linear
accelerator or Gamma Knife systems. Precise targeting with stereotactic
localization minimizes the volume of tissue being irradiated for single and
multiple fraction irradiation. The incidence of secondary neoplasms after
radiosurgery may be significantly less than that reported after whole-brain
or two- or three-field radiotherapy.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16793509 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]3
-
| 25: Neurosurg
Clin N Am. 2006 Apr;17(2):169-80, vii. |
|
-
Radiotoxicity after conformal radiation therapy for
benign intracranial tumors.
Smith
MC, Ryken
TC, Buatti
JM.
Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center,
University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA
52242, USA. mark-c-smith@uiowa.edu
Acoustic schwannomas, skull base meningiomas, and pituitary adenomas are
benign intracranial tumors frequently managed with radiotherapy. Control
rates after treatment for each of these tumors are generally high, and
toxicity from treatment is relatively low. Side effect profiles depend on
the tumor location, the volume treated, the dose delivered, and the presence
of nearby critical structures. In addition, patient-specific factors, such
as hypertension and diabetes, may increase a patient's risk for
complications. This article reviews radiotoxicity after conformal radiation
therapy for acoustic schwannomas, skull base meningiomas, and pituitary
adenomas.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16793508 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]3
-
| 26: Neurosurg
Clin N Am. 2006 Apr;17(2):129-41, vi. |
|
-
Clinical results of conformal radiotherapy and
radiosurgery for pituitary adenoma.
Prasad
D.
Department of Radiation Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and
Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA. dheerendra.prasad@roswellpark.org
Radiation therapy provides a valuable adjunct to surgery as well as a viable
management alternative to surgery for pituitary adenomas. The availability
of conformal radiotherapy has dramatically reduced complication rates, and
the advent of radiosurgery has reduced the latency of response in these
patients. Although extended follow-up is needed to elucidate the long-term
outcomes of these treatments, they are likely to be a permanent part of the
therapeutic armamentarium for these patients for the near future.
Publication Types:
PMID: 16793505 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]2
-
| 27: Neurosurg
Clin N Am. 2006 Apr;17(2):99-110, v. |
|
-
Fractionated radiotherapy techniques.
Bauman
G, Wong
E, McDermott
M.
Department of Physics and Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario,
1151 Richmond Street, Suite 2, London, Ontario N6A 5B8, Canada.
A convergence of advances in patient immobilization and localization,
patient imaging, beam shaping and delivery, and treatment planning has led
to considerable improvement in the ability to deliver highly conformal
radiation treatments by radiosurgical or fractionated radiotherapy
techniques. The selection of the "best" treatment technique for
any given patient needs to consider the morphology of the target and
regional organs at risk as well as available technology and institutional
expertise.
PMID: 16793502 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]2
-
| 28: Neurosurg
Clin N Am. 2006 Apr;17(2):79-97, v. |
|
-
Single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery for
intracranial targets.
Verhey
LJ, Chen
CC, Chapman
P, Loeffler
J, Curry
WT.
Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco,
513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. lverhey@radonc.ucsf.edu
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a technique for treating intracranial
lesions with a high dose of ionizing radiation, usually in a single session,
using a stereotactic apparatus for accurate localization and patient
immobilization. This article describes several modalities of SRS and some of
its applications, particularly for intracranial lesions.
PMID: 16793501 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]2
-
| 29: Neurosurg
Clin N Am. 2006 Apr;17(2):67-78, v. |
|
-
Basic principles of radiobiology applied to radiotherapy
of benign intracranial tumors.
Shrieve
DC.
Department of Radiation Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Hospital, University of
Utah, 1950 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-5560, USA.
dennis.shrieve@hci.utah.edu
The use of ionizing radiation in the treatment of benign intracranial tumors
may involve one of several types of ionizing radiation given as
single-fraction radiosurgery or fractionated radiotherapy. An understanding
of the biophysical and radiobiologic principles involved in these treatments
is essential to the design and delivery of safe and efficacious treatment.
This article discusses the basic radiobiologic principles applicable to
radiotherapy of benign brain tumors.
PMID: 16793500 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]2
-
| 30: Surg Neurol. 2006 Sep;66(3):324-7. |
|
-
Breast carcinoma metastasis and meningioma. A case
report.
Seckin
H, Yigitkanli
K, Ilhan
O, Han
U, Bavbek
M.
Neurosurgery Department, Ministry of Health, Diskapi Educational and
Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
BACKGROUND: The simultaneous occurrence of meningioma and breast cancer with
or without brain metastasis is an unusual but well-known event. However,
contiguous occurrence of meningioma and brain cancer metastasis is a less
rare evidence and we are aware of only one previously published case in the
literature. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 72-year-old woman presented with headache,
nausea and vomiting, and diminished mentation and memory. Seven years ago,
she had had simple mastectomy at another hospital. Histopathologic
examination had been reported as breast carcinoma. The patient had not gone
to the controls and was unaware of the diagnosis. Cranial MRI examination of
the patient showed two extraaxial masses. Histopathologic examination of the
lesion at the frontal convexity, which was reported as en plaque meningioma
radiologically, revealed meningioma but the other tumor at the sylvian fossa
resembling the other meningioma was reported as breast carcinoma metastasis
at histopathologic examination. CONCLUSIONS: Although meningiomas have
well-known radiological features, the other pathologies like breast
metastasis may simulate them. A possible hormonal relationship between
breast cancer and meningioma has not been clarified. We are not sure that
this has played a role in dissociation of both tumor cells in our case.
PMID: 16935649 [PubMed - in process]3
-
| 31: Surg Neurol. 2006 Sep;66(3):315-9. |
|
-
Dumbbell-shaped middle cranial fossa meningioma with
interdural cavernous sinus extension: report of two cases with complete
removal.
Jung
TY, Jung
S, Jin
SG, Jin
YH, Kim
IY, Kang
SS, Kim
SH.
Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Research Institute
of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical
School, Gwangju 519-809, Republic of Korea.
BACKGROUND: Surgery for meningiomas involving the cavernous sinus remains
controversial. Interdural cavernous sinus is called the lateral dural wall
in the cavernous sinus, which is composed of two layers, the outer dural
layer and the inner membranous layer. We encountered two cases of
dumbbell-shaped middle cranial fossa meningioma with interdural cavernous
sinus extension, which were successfully removed by surgical means. CASE
DESCRIPTION: A 57-year-old woman presented with headache and decreased
visual acuity. Neurological assessment was normal. Computed tomography and
magnetic resonance imaging showed the presence of a dumbbell-shaped,
smooth-contoured, well-enhanced mass in the right mesial temporal area. The
lateral wall of the cavernous sinus was exposed via frontotemporal
craniotomy and the tumor originating in the lateral wall was totally
removed. A 41-year-old man presented with seizure attacks and drowsy mental
status. Magnetic resonance imaging showed the presence of a multilobulated,
well-enhanced mass in the left parasellar area. The tumor was totally
resected via a transsylvian temporopolar approach. The mass originated from
tentorial edge and extended into the cavernous sinus by dural penetration.
CONCLUSION: Middle cranial fossa meningioma with interdural cavernous sinus
extension can be removed more easily than other tumors with intracavernous
sinus extension and, consequently, can be safely resected without any
resulting cranial nerve deficit.
PMID: 16935645 [PubMed - in process]2
-
| 32: Surg Neurol. 2006 Sep;66(3):258-63. |
|
-
Effects of socioeconomic and geographic variations on
survival for adult glioma in England and Wales.
Tseng
JH, Merchant
E, Tseng
MY.
Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, National Taiwan University
Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
BACKGROUND: To investigate the effects of SES and geographic variations on
survival for adult patients with glioma, we analyzed data from 30489
patients from the Cancer Registry in England and Wales. METHODS: Median
survival and CSRs for 8 variables (age, sex, morphology, World Health
Organization [WHO] grade, tumor site, SES, geographic regions, and periods
of diagnosis) are calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Distributions
among different variables are compared using chi(2) test. Cox regressions
are performed for estimating HRs to death. RESULTS: The median survival and
the 1-, 5-, and 10-year CSR in this population are 0.42 years, 29.1%, 12.0%,
and 7.7%, respectively. There is a gradient in SES from the south to the
north (chi(2) test, P < .001) and a gradual increment in higher SES from
the early to the recent period (chi(2) test, P < .001). Mono- and
multivariate analyses reveal that all the 8 variables influenced the
survival (P < .05). Age (HR, 1.04 per year from 15 years, P < .001),
WHO grade (1.21 per grade from grade I, P < .001), and morphology (HR
from 1.23 to 1.89, compared with ependymoma, P < .05) are the most
influential factors. However, there are also independent effects from SES
(HR, 1.03 per quintile of deprivation, P < .001) and geographic regions
(HR, 1.10 for outside southern England; P < .001) on the survival.
CONCLUSIONS: Although age and tumor characteristics (morphology, WHO grade,
tumor site) are well-known prognostic factors, SES and geographic variations
also play a slight but significant role, and for more cost-effective
allocation of health resources, alleviation on these 2 modifiable factors
should be considered.
PMID: 16935629 [PubMed - in process]2
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Volume 5, Number 36 - 4 September 2006